Gas emission method for improving greenhouse effect of reservoir

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of reservoir ecological environment protection, and particularly discloses a gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir, and the method comprises the following steps: setting a collection station to collect a water sample, meteorological information and the concentration of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere; processing and analyzing to obtain the dissolving concentration characteristic of the greenhouse gas in the water sample and the greenhouse gas flux of the water-gas interface of the reservoir; carrying out statistical analysis on the collected information, the dissolution concentration of the greenhouse gas in the water sample and the greenhouse gas flux of the water-gas interface of the reservoir to obtain a correlation chart of the environmental factors and the greenhouse gas emission amount of the reservoir; the environmental parameters of the reservoir are integrally adjusted and adjusted in real time, and the greenhouse gas emission of the reservoir is reduced. The reservoir information is comprehensively analyzed and counted through multiple aspects and multiple ways, the linear relation between the reservoir environment factors and the greenhouse gas emission amount of the water body is obtained, then the reservoir environment is scientifically adjusted according to the linear relation, and the greenhouse gas emission amount of the reservoir is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of reservoir ecological environment protection, and in particular, to a gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of reservoirs. Background Art

[0002] The greenhouse effect is an environmental problem faced by all mankind. In recent decades, with the progress of science and technology and the influence of human activities, the concentration of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere has been continuously rising, leading to global ecological environment changes and various meteorological disasters induced by global warming, which has become one of the most severe and unavoidable hot issues in the world today. The continuous increase in the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere is the main cause of the greenhouse effect. Carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) are the main greenhouse gases, and their warming contributions to global warming reach 64%, 18%, and 6% respectively, playing a very important role in global climate change.

[0003] As part of inland waters, the number of reservoirs has been continuously increasing. Currently, more than one million dams around the world are under construction and operation, providing various important services (such as hydropower, flood control, shipping, and water supply) for the growing population, but also significantly changing the water, nutrients, and biogeochemical cycles of the natural water ecosystem in the river network. The hydropower generation of water conservancy projects built on rivers was initially considered a clean energy source and attracted much attention because it can generate electricity without polluting the environment. However, more and more studies now believe that reservoirs are one of the important sources of atmospheric greenhouse gas emissions. On the one hand, the construction of reservoirs has greatly changed the river channel morphology, hydrological regime, and ecological environment, resulting in changes in the water-land-atmosphere nutrient cycle. On the other hand, it has also changed the hydrological and water environment conditions and the temporal and spatial distribution of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus nutrients in the upstream and downstream of the reservoir and even the entire river, which will affect the carbon and nitrogen cycles and the generation and emission of greenhouse gases. In the foreseeable future, in order to meet the growing electricity demand, the number of completed reservoirs will increase rapidly, and the greenhouse gases released by reservoir ecosystems cannot be underestimated in their contribution to the global carbon estimation sector.

[0004] However, at present, the methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs only achieve greenhouse gas emissions reduction by regulating the reservoir water level. However, in the aquatic ecosystem, the generation mechanisms of CO2, CH4, and N2O are not a simple chemical reaction process, but a complex biochemical process involving multiple different factors, which are positively or negatively affected by aquatic plants, microorganisms, sediment, water quality, nutrient elements, etc. And they mainly enter the atmosphere from the water body through three emission pathways: plant transmission, bubble transmission, and diffusion transmission. Among them, diffusion transmission is the main way. The flux entering the atmosphere through the bubble transmission method from the water body is far less than that through diffusion transmission, even less than 1%-2% of it. Therefore, the existing methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs have very limited emission reduction effects.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to design a gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of reservoirs to solve the problems of the single approach and the insignificant effect of the existing methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes a gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of reservoirs, aiming to solve the problems of the single approach and the insignificant effect of the existing methods for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from reservoirs.

[0007] The present invention proposes a gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of reservoirs, including the following steps:

[0008] Uniformly set a plurality of sampling sites in each area of the reservoir to collect water samples, meteorological information, and the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere;

[0009] Detect the collected water samples to obtain the reservoir water body information, and perform a first treatment on the detected water body information to obtain the dissolved concentration characteristics of greenhouse gases in the water samples;

[0010] Perform a second treatment on the obtained reservoir water body information, meteorological information, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and the dissolved concentration characteristics of greenhouse gases in the water samples to obtain the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface of the reservoir;

[0011] Analyze and statistically process the obtained dissolved concentration characteristics of greenhouse gases, the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface, reservoir water body information, and meteorological information, and draw a correlation chart of each environmental factor and the greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir;

[0012] Real-time monitor the environmental factor information of the reservoir through the sampling sites, conduct an overall assessment of the current greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir according to the obtained correlation chart, and make an overall adjustment to the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir according to the assessment results;

[0013] Set a plurality of aeration devices and biofilm reactors in the reservoir water body;

[0014] Compare the monitored environmental factor information with the correlation chart in real time, and adjust the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir in real time according to the comparison results.

[0015] Furthermore, the reservoir water body information includes: water flow rate, water velocity, water level, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration in water, PH, and dissolved organic carbon content in water; the meteorological information includes: air pressure, air temperature, and wind speed.

[0016] Furthermore, the greenhouse gases include: CO2, CH4, and N2O; the environmental factors include water temperature information, total nitrogen content in water, total phosphorus content in water, dissolved oxygen concentration in water, and organic carbon content in water.

[0017] Furthermore, the first treatment is specifically: use a gas chromatograph to detect the dissolved concentration of the greenhouse gas after the water sample is balanced, obtain the Henry's constant of the greenhouse gas at this temperature according to the water temperature information of the water sample, then obtain the gas solubility of the greenhouse gas through Henry's law, and finally obtain the dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gas in the water sample according to the dissolved concentration of the greenhouse gas after equilibrium and the gas solubility of the greenhouse gas.

[0018] Furthermore, the second treatment is specifically:

[0019] Obtain the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient from the collected wind speed information and temperature, obtain the exchange coefficients of each greenhouse gas according to the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient, and use the thin boundary layer method to obtain the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface of the greenhouse gas.

[0020] Furthermore, the analysis and statistics are specifically:

[0021] Conduct a Person correlation analysis on the dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gas, the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface, the reservoir water body information, and the meteorological information. At the same time, use Origin software to perform a linear regression analysis, and finally use SPSS software to perform a multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, obtain the correlation chart between the environmental factors and the greenhouse gas emissions of the water temperature.

[0022] Furthermore, when conducting the overall assessment of the current greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, obtain the optimal parameters of the environmental factors of the reservoir according to the correlation chart, and then compare the optimal parameters of the environmental factors with the environmental factor information detected in real time to obtain the difference between the optimal parameters of the environmental factors and the environmental factor information detected in real time.

[0023] Further, when making an overall adjustment to the environmental factors of the reservoir, an environmental transformation plan is formulated based on the difference value, and the reservoir is overall adjusted according to the environmental transformation plan.

[0024] Further, the specific method for real-time adjustment of the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir is as follows:

[0025] When it is detected that the water temperature is higher than the optimal temperature in the correlation chart, first raise the water level of the reservoir, then increase the discharge amount, and accelerate the flow rate;

[0026] When it is detected that the total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content of the water body are higher than the optimal content in the correlation chart, quantitative dredging of the reservoir is carried out;

[0027] When it is detected that the dissolved oxygen content of the water body is lower than the optimal content in the correlation chart, turn on the oxygenation equipment;

[0028] When it is detected that the organic carbon content of the water body is higher than the optimal content in the correlation chart, increase the hydraulic retention time and organic load of the biofilm reactor.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: By analyzing the water body information and environmental information of the reservoir, the correlation between the greenhouse gas dissolution characteristics in the reservoir water body and environmental factors is comprehensively analyzed. Then, through overall adjustment, the reservoir environmental parameters are made to be close to the optimal environmental parameters as a whole. Finally, by real-time adjusting the environmental parameters such as water temperature, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, dissolved oxygen content, and organic carbon, which have a greater impact on the dissolution characteristics of water body greenhouse gases, the real-time environmental parameters of the reservoir water body are always in the current optimal environmental parameters, thereby greatly reducing the greenhouse gas emission flux of the reservoir. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] By reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below, various other advantages and benefits will become clear to those of ordinary skill in the art. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0031] Figure 1 is; The flowchart of the gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of the reservoir provided by the embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0032] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided so that the present disclosure can be more thoroughly understood and the scope of the present disclosure can be fully conveyed to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present invention, a method for improving gas emissions of reservoir greenhouse effect includes the following steps:

[0034] Uniformly set a plurality of sampling sites in each area of the reservoir to collect water samples, meteorological information, and greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere;

[0035] Detect the collected water samples to obtain reservoir water body information, and perform a first treatment on the detected water body information to obtain the dissolved concentration characteristics of greenhouse gases in the water samples;

[0036] Perform a second treatment on the obtained reservoir water body information, meteorological information, greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and the dissolved concentration characteristics of greenhouse gases in the water samples to obtain the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface of the reservoir;

[0037] Analyze and statistically process the obtained dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gases, the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface, reservoir water body information, and meteorological information, and draw a correlation chart of each environmental factor and the greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir;

[0038] Real-time monitor the environmental factor information of the reservoir through the sampling sites, based on the obtained correlation chart, conduct an overall assessment of the current greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, and make an overall adjustment to the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir according to the assessment results;

[0039] Set a plurality of aeration devices and biofilm reactors in the reservoir water body;

[0040] Compare the monitored environmental factor information with the correlation chart in real time, and make real-time adjustments to the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir according to the comparison results.

[0041] Specifically, the water sample collection time is January, April, August, and November of the current year. By sampling and analyzing the reservoir in four seasons, it provides a data basis for subsequently forming a correlation chart of the environmental factors and greenhouse gas dissolution characteristics of the reservoir throughout the year.

[0042] Specifically, when sampling, a water sampler is used to collect water samples at a water surface depth of about 0.5 m. A 5L organic glass surface water sampler is used to collect water samples. 0.5m surface water is collected at each sampling site. The collected water samples are filled into 500mL polyethylene sampling bottles. Before use, the sampling bottles are rinsed 2-3 times with the on-site water samples. 3 parallel samples are collected at each sampling point. Part of the water samples collected on the same day is filtered at night with a cellulose acetate filter membrane with a pore size of 0.45μm. All water samples are stored in a refrigerator, and relevant test and analysis work is completed.

[0043] Specifically, for water samples used to measure the concentrations of CO2, CH4, and N2O, water samples are collected with a water sampler. The collected water samples are filled into 20mL glass headspace bottles. Before use, the headspace sample bottles are first rinsed 2-3 times with the on-site water samples, and then the latex tube of the water sampler is quickly inserted into the bottom of the glass bottle, and the water body is slowly injected. When the water sample overflows half of the volume of the sample bottle, the latex tube is slowly withdrawn, and immediately 0.2mL of saturated HgCl2 solution is dropped in with a dropper. The addition of saturated HgCl2 solution is to inhibit microbial activities without affecting the solubility of CO2, CH4, and N2O in water. Then, the sample bottle is quickly sealed with an aluminum cap with a rubber stopper lined with polytetrafluoroethylene using a capping gun, and inverted several times to make HgCl2 diffuse evenly. If bubbles are found in the bottle after inversion, it should be discarded and re-collected. 2 parallel samples are collected at each sampling site, and after collection, they are stored in a refrigerator away from light and at low temperature, and relevant test and analysis work is completed.

[0044] Specifically, for the sampling equipment and functions, see Table 1

[0045] Table 1 On-site Sampling Equipment and Functions

[0046]

[0047] Specifically, for the water body information detection method, see Table 2

[0048] Table 2 Water Body Information Detection Method

[0049] Test index Analysis method Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) Organic carbon analyzer Total nitrogen (TN) Alkaline potassium persulfate digestion ultraviolet spectrophotometry Total phosphorus (TP) Ammonium molybdate spectrophotometry <![CDATA[CO2, CH4 and N2O]]> Agilent 7890A gas chromatograph

[0050] In some embodiments of the present invention, the reservoir water body information includes: water flow rate, water velocity, water level, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration in the water body, PH, and dissolved organic carbon content in the water body; the meteorological information includes: air pressure, air temperature, and wind speed.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the greenhouse gases include: CO2, CH4, and N2O; the environmental factors include water temperature information, total nitrogen content in the water body, total phosphorus content in the water body, dissolved oxygen concentration in the water body, and organic carbon content in the water body.

[0052] It is understandable that temperature is one of the important reasons affecting the generation and emission of river greenhouse gases. The river water temperature is significantly positively correlated with the CO2 emission flux. This is because as the temperature rises, the activity of microorganisms in the water and the activity of enzymes related to respiration increase, and at the same time, the solubility of CO2 in the water decreases, making it easier for CO2 to escape from the water surface.

[0053] It is understandable that nitrogen and phosphorus in water bodies mainly exist in the form of nutrients. An increase in their content will enhance the respiration of aquatic plants, resulting in an increase in the CO2 concentration in the water body and promoting its emission. At the same time, high concentrations of nutrients also promote the generation and emission of CH4. This is because high concentrations of nutrients promote the primary production and respiration of aquatic plants, providing substrates for methanogens and creating an anaerobic environment.

[0054] It is understandable that there is a negative correlation between the CO2 concentration and the dissolved oxygen concentration. During aerobic respiration, the production of carbon dioxide is usually accompanied by the consumption of oxygen, and the methanogenesis reaction mainly occurs under anaerobic conditions. Therefore, there is also a negative correlation between CH4 and the dissolved oxygen concentration. The concentration of dissolved oxygen directly affects the activity of methanogens. In addition, in addition to inhibiting the production of CH4, methane-oxidizing bacteria will also oxidize CH4 at the water-air interface.

[0055] It is understandable that the organic carbon in water bodies is mainly divided into dissolved organic carbon and suspended organic carbon. The organic carbon in water bodies and sediments is the reaction substrate for the methanogenesis process and respiration, and its content directly affects the concentration and emission flux of CO2 and CH4; the input of exogenous organic carbon will reduce the competition of microorganisms for electron donors, which is beneficial to the generation of CO2 and CH4. It can be seen that there is a significant positive correlation between CH4 and organic carbon. The influence of organic carbon on CH4 is mainly reflected in two aspects. On the one hand, because organic carbon provides a substrate for the methanogenesis reaction; on the other hand, in water bodies with a high organic carbon content, the respiration of microorganisms is stronger, resulting in a lower O2 concentration, reducing the oxidation of CH4 by methane-oxidizing bacteria.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the first treatment is specifically: using a gas chromatograph to detect the dissolved concentration of the greenhouse gas after the water sample is balanced, obtaining the Henry's constant of the greenhouse gas at this temperature according to the water temperature information of the water sample, and then obtaining the gas solubility of the greenhouse gas through Henry's law. Finally, according to the dissolved concentration of the greenhouse gas after the balance and the gas solubility of the greenhouse gas, the dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gas in the water sample are obtained.

[0057] Specifically, from the dissolved greenhouse gas concentration C0 measured by the gas chromatograph after equilibrium, calculate the dissolved concentration of the greenhouse gas in the water sample before equilibrium:

[0058]

[0059] In the formula, C obs is the dissolved concentration of greenhouse gas in the water sample before gas-liquid equilibrium (μmol / L); C0 is the concentration of greenhouse gas in the gas sample measured by the gas chromatograph after gas-liquid equilibrium (μmol / L); R is the ideal gas state constant, and its value is 0.082 L·atm / mol / K (1 atm = 1.01325×10 5 Pa); T obs is the actual water temperature (K) during the equilibrium process; V0 is the gas volume of the equilibrium chamber (100 mL); V1 is the water sample volume of the equilibrium chamber (100 mL); β is the gas solubility expressed as a volume fraction (L / L / atm), which can be obtained through Henry's law. The calculation process is as follows:

[0060] β = 22.4×10 -6 K H ·P g

[0061] In the formula, P g is the pure gas pressure of various greenhouse gases, all of which are 1 atm; K H is the Henry's constant (μmol / L / atm) of the gas at the water temperature during on-site sampling. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, K Hθ refers to the Henry's constant at an atmospheric pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of 298 K; K T is a parameter characterizing the variation of Henry's constant with temperature; T K is the absolute temperature (K) of the actual water temperature during sampling; T θ is the water temperature under normal temperature conditions, that is, 298 K.

[0064] In some embodiments of the present invention, the second treatment is specifically:

[0065] Obtain the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient based on the collected wind speed information and temperature, obtain the exchange coefficients of various greenhouse gases according to the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient, and use the thin boundary layer method to obtain the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface of the greenhouse gas.

[0066] Specifically, use the thin boundary layer method to calculate the greenhouse gas flux F m , and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0067] F m = k(C obs - C0)

[0068] In the formula, k is the gas exchange coefficient (cm / h); Cobs C is the dissolved concentration of greenhouse gas in the water sample before gas-liquid equilibrium (μmol / L); C0 is the concentration of greenhouse gas in the gas sample measured by the gas chromatograph after gas-liquid equilibrium (μmol / L); the gas exchange coefficient formula is as follows:

[0069]

[0070] In the formula, k 600 is the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient (cm / h); S c is the Schmidt constant, the Schmidt constant of each greenhouse gas at t °C; x is the wind speed correlation coefficient. When the wind speed is less than 3 m / s, x = 0.67. When the wind speed is greater than 3 m / s, x = 0.5; the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient is calculated using the formula established by Cole et al. based on the tracer SF6, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] In the formula, U 10 is the wind speed at 10 m above the water surface during sampling (m / s), which is converted from the wind speed U above the water body measured by the monitoring. The calculation formula is as follows: Z In the formula, U

[0073]

[0074] is the wind speed magnitude at a height z above the water surface (m / s); C z is the drag coefficient at a height of 10 m, and its value is 1.3×10 d10 ; k is the Von Karman constant, and its value is 0.41; z is the height (m) at which the wind speed is measured on-site during sampling. In the present invention, it is uniformly 2 m; in the freshwater system, the salinity is negligible, and the S -3 ; k is the Von Karman constant, and its value is 0.41; z is the height (m) at which the wind speed is measured on-site during sampling. In the present invention, it is uniformly 2 m; in the freshwater system, the salinity is negligible, and the S c (Schmidt constant) calculation formula is as follows:

[0075] Sc(CO2) = 1923.6 - 125.06t + 4.3773t 2 - 0.085681t 3 + 0.00070284t 4

[0076] Sc(CH4) = 1909.4 - 120.78t + 4.1555t 2 - 0.080578t 3 + 0.00065777t 4

[0077] Sc(N2O) = 2141.2 - 152.56t + 5.8963t 2 - 0.12411t 3+0.0010655t 4

[0078] where t is the water temperature (°C); using the measured greenhouse gas fluxes, calculate the CO2 equivalent flux F e (mg / (m 2 ·day)), and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0079] F e = F m ×K GWP

[0080] where F m is the gas flux calculated by the above thin boundary layer method (mg / (m 2 ·day)); K GWP is the global warming potential coefficient of the greenhouse gas. The K GWP of CO2, CH4, and N2O are 1, 34, and 298 respectively.

[0081] In some embodiments of the present invention, the analysis and statistics are specifically as follows:

[0082] Perform a Person correlation analysis on the dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gas, the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface, the reservoir water body information, and the meteorological information. At the same time, use Origin software to perform a linear regression analysis, and finally use SPSS software to perform a multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, obtain the correlation chart between the environmental factors and the greenhouse gas emissions from the water body.

[0083] It can be understood that the correlation chart reveals the linear relationship between each environmental factor and the greenhouse gas emissions from the water body, providing a data basis for obtaining the optimal parameters of the environmental factors subsequently.

[0084] In some embodiments of the present invention, when performing the overall assessment of the current greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, obtain the optimal parameters of the environmental factors of the reservoir according to the correlation chart, and then compare the optimal parameters of the environmental factors with the environmental factor information detected in real time to obtain the difference between the optimal parameters of the environmental factors and the environmental factor information detected in real time; when performing an overall adjustment of the environmental factors of the reservoir, formulate an environmental transformation plan according to the difference, and perform an overall adjustment of the reservoir according to the environmental transformation plan.

[0085] Specifically, the difference is the gap between the water temperature of the reservoir, the total nitrogen content of the water body, the total phosphorus content of the water body, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body, and the organic carbon content of the water body at this time and the optimal water temperature, the optimal total nitrogen content of the water body, the optimal total phosphorus content of the water body, the optimal dissolved oxygen concentration of the water body, and the optimal organic carbon content of the water body. Subsequently, appropriate amounts of filter-feeding fish are released and appropriate amounts of aquatic plants are planted in the reservoir according to the specific gap to overall adjust the reservoir environment.

[0086] It can be understood that filter-feeding fish feed on algae in the water. Releasing filter-feeding fish can inhibit the growth of algae in the water, and thus overall regulate the total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content in the water body; the developed root systems of aquatic plants can absorb the organic carbon in the water body. By planting an appropriate amount of aquatic plants, the organic carbon content of the water body can be overall regulated.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the specific method for real-time adjustment of the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir is as follows:

[0088] When it is detected that the water temperature of the water body is higher than the optimal temperature in the correlation chart, first raise the water level of the reservoir, then increase the discharge volume, and accelerate the flow rate;

[0089] When it is detected that the total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content of the water body are higher than the optimal content in the correlation chart, quantitative dredging of the reservoir is carried out;

[0090] When it is detected that the dissolved oxygen content of the water body is lower than the optimal content in the correlation chart, turn on the aeration equipment;

[0091] When it is detected that the organic carbon content of the water body is higher than the optimal content in the correlation chart, increase the hydraulic retention time and organic load of the biofilm reactor.

[0092] It can be understood that short-term regulation of the water temperature is achieved through the water level adjustment facilities (such as gates) and water flow control equipment (such as water pumps) of the reservoir. When it is monitored that the water temperature is too high during the summer stratification period, resulting in a decrease in the solubility of greenhouse gases and an increase in emissions, increase the discharge volume of the reservoir. According to the reservoir capacity, water flow conditions, and the difference between the current temperature and the optimal water temperature, calculate the appropriate discharge flow rate, and by opening the gate, mix the low-temperature water at the bottom layer with the high-temperature water at the surface layer to reduce the water temperature stratification phenomenon, thereby reducing the surface water temperature and reducing the release of greenhouse gases.

[0093] It can be understood that dredging the reservoir reduces the release of phosphorus and nitrogen elements in the bottom mud, and realizes short-term regulation of the total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content of the water body; the specific dredging quantity is calculated based on the difference between the detected total nitrogen content and total phosphorus content of the water body and the optimal content.

[0094] It can be understood that by turning on the aeration equipment and injecting air or pure oxygen into the water body, the dissolved oxygen content in the water body can be increased in a short time, promoting the decomposition of organic matter by aerobic microorganisms and reducing the generation of greenhouse gases in the anaerobic environment; the specific oxygen injection volume is calculated according to the difference between the monitored dissolved oxygen content and the optimal content.

[0095] It can be understood that increasing the hydraulic retention time parameter of the biofilm reactor can increase the contact time between the water body microorganisms and the biofilm reactor, and increasing the organic load of the biofilm reactor can provide a large amount of nutrients for the microorganisms. At the same time, increasing the hydraulic retention time and organic load of the biofilm reactor can cause a large number of water body microorganisms to multiply, and a large number of microorganisms can quickly decompose the organic carbon in the water body; the specific parameters to be adjusted are calculated according to the difference between the monitored organic carbon content in the water body and the optimal content.

[0096] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it is still possible to modify the specific implementation manners of the present invention or make equivalent replacements, and any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Uniformly set multiple sampling sites in each area of the reservoir to collect water samples, meteorological information, and greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere; Detect the collected water samples to obtain reservoir water body information, and perform first processing on the detected water body information to obtain the dissolved concentration characteristics of greenhouse gases in the water samples; Perform second processing on the obtained reservoir water body information, meteorological information, greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere, and dissolved concentration characteristics of greenhouse gases in the water samples to obtain the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface of the reservoir; Analyze and statistically process the obtained dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gases, the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface, reservoir water body information, and meteorological information, and draw a correlation chart of each environmental factor and the greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir; Real-time monitor the environmental factor information of the reservoir through the sampling sites, based on the obtained correlation chart, conduct an overall assessment of the current greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, and make an overall adjustment to the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir according to the assessment results; Set multiple aeration devices and biofilm reactors in the reservoir water body; Compare the monitored environmental factor information with the correlation chart in real time, and make real-time adjustments to the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir according to the comparison results.

2. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to claim 1, wherein The reservoir water body information includes: water flow rate, water flow velocity, water level, total nitrogen content, total phosphorus content, water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration in the water body, PH, and dissolved organic carbon content in the water body; the meteorological information includes: air pressure, air temperature, and wind speed.

3. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The greenhouse gases include: CO2, CH4, and N2O; the environmental factors include water temperature information, total nitrogen content in the water body, total phosphorus content in the water body, dissolved oxygen concentration in the water body, and organic carbon content in the water body.

4. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific first processing is: use a gas chromatograph to detect the dissolved concentration of the greenhouse gas after the water sample is balanced, obtain the Henry's constant of the greenhouse gas at this temperature according to the water temperature information of the water sample, then obtain the gas solubility of the greenhouse gas through Henry's law, and finally, based on the dissolved concentration of the greenhouse gas after the balance and the gas solubility of the greenhouse gas, obtain the dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gas in the water sample.

5. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific second processing is: Obtain the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient through the collected wind speed information and temperature, obtain the exchange coefficients of each greenhouse gas according to the sulfur hexafluoride exchange coefficient, and use the thin boundary layer method to obtain the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface of the greenhouse gas.

6. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific analysis and statistics are: Perform Person correlation analysis on the dissolved concentration characteristics of the greenhouse gas, the greenhouse gas flux at the water-air interface, reservoir water body information, and meteorological information. At the same time, use Origin software to perform linear regression analysis, and finally use SPSS software to perform multiple linear regression analysis. Based on the comprehensive analysis results, obtain the correlation chart of the environmental factors and the greenhouse gas emissions of the water body.

7. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to claim 1, characterized in that, When conducting the overall assessment of the current greenhouse gas emissions of the reservoir, the optimal parameters of the environmental factors of the reservoir are obtained according to the correlation chart, and then by comparing the optimal parameters of the environmental factors with the information of the environmental factors detected in real time, the difference between the optimal parameters of the environmental factors and the information of the environmental factors detected in real time is obtained.

8. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to any one of claims 1 or 7, characterized in that When making an overall adjustment to the environmental factors of the reservoir, an environmental renovation plan is formulated according to the difference, and the reservoir is overall adjusted according to the environmental renovation plan.

9. The gas emission method for improving the greenhouse effect of a reservoir according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The specific method for making real-time adjustment to the environmental factor parameters of the reservoir is as follows: When it is detected that the water temperature is higher than the optimal temperature in the correlation chart, first raise the water level of the reservoir, then increase the water discharge volume, and accelerate the flow rate; When it is detected that the total nitrogen content and the total phosphorus content of the water body are higher than the optimal content in the correlation chart, quantitative dredging of the reservoir is carried out; When it is detected that the dissolved oxygen content of the water body is lower than the optimal content in the correlation chart, turn on the oxygenation equipment; When it is detected that the organic carbon content of the water body is higher than the optimal content in the correlation chart, increase the hydraulic retention time and the organic load of the biofilm reactor.

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