Fertilizer adding device for plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of fertilization structures, and discloses a fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising: a main tank body for fixing and mounting all structures of the unmanned aerial vehicle fertilizer adding device; and the bucket-shaped tank is positioned below the main tank body and is used for guiding and discharging the fertilizer. Different types of fertilizers can be classified and stored through the bin-dividing temporary storage mechanism. Various fertilizers can be separately stored by utilizing the design of an internal partition plate and a material placing barrel, quantitative blanking is performed through a set mechanical structure, uniform and accurate fertilization is ensured, a built-in unpowered linkage mechanism is driven by utilizing the opposite windward direction during flight, and fan blades drive a linkage main shaft to rotate in a main tank body, so that the fertilizer can be uniformly and accurately applied. According to the utility model, the spiral conveying blades in the bucket-shaped tank below are driven to promote the mixing and conveying of the fertilizer, the mixed fertilizer can be effectively sprayed onto crops through the spray irrigation pipe additionally arranged on the side wall of the bucket-shaped tank, and meanwhile, the spread blades at the bottom can further spread the sprayed fertilizer.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizing structures, and particularly to a fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Background Art

[0002] In modern agricultural planting, in order to prevent and solve pest problems and supplement nutrients for crops, fertilization is an essential task. Most agricultural fertilization in our country mainly relies on manual labor. For example, when applying basal fertilizer for wheat sowing, farmers need to grab the fertilizer by hand and scatter it into the field, which is a labor-intensive task; when encountering fertilizers that have caked due to moisture, they need to be crushed by hand before spreading, which is likely to cause damage to the human hand.

[0003] Traditional UAV fertilization equipment usually requires an external power source (such as fuel or electricity) to drive the fertilization machinery. At the same time, it is difficult to achieve precise control of the fertilization amount and uniform distribution. Especially in large-area or irregular terrain farmland, traditional UAV fertilization equipment is often bulky, not easy to operate in complex terrains, and has limited fertilization speed. When replacing or replenishing fertilizers, traditional equipment may be relatively cumbersome and time-consuming. In the case where fertilization is not required, if the added non-powered fertilization system is still turned on, it may accidentally apply fertilizers to areas or crops that do not need fertilization, resulting in waste of resources and potential environmental risks. If the non-powered fertilization system cannot be turned off as needed, it may increase the complexity of operation, and the operator needs to pay extra attention to controlling the switch of the fertilization system to avoid unnecessary operation errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a fertilizer adding device for a plant protection UAV, which solves the problems of external power drive, difficult precise fertilization control, complex operation, resource waste, and environmental risks existing in traditional UAV fertilization equipment.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A fertilizer adding device for a plant protection UAV, comprising: A main tank body, used for fixing and installing all structures of the UAV fertilizer adding equipment; A hopper-shaped tank is located below the main tank body, used for guiding the discharge of fertilizers; A rotor inlay frame is located above the main tank body, and is used to cooperate with the card slot opened at the top for sleeving a non-powered drive structure; A fixed top plate is located above the main tank body, used for fixing and installing the UAV hanging structure; A T-shaped fixing beam is located above the fixed top plate, used to strengthen the structural stability when the UAV is lifted; A spray irrigation pipe is located at the side of the rotor inlay frame, used for directly discharging the stored fertilizers of the device; The hanging locking mechanism is located above the fixed top plate and cooperates with the inlaid cylinder to be used for hanging connection with the drone at any time and locking and opening the unpowered structure; The unpowered linkage mechanism is located inside the device and cooperates with the tooth key column and the material placing cylinder and uses the external wind energy to drive the fertilizer adding device; The bin temporary storage mechanism is located inside the main tank and is used for classifying and storing the fertilizer adding raw materials of the fertilizer adding device.

[0006] Preferably, the hopper-shaped tank is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main tank, the rotor inlaid frame is fixedly connected to the top of the main tank, the fixed top plate is fixedly connected to the top of the rotor inlaid frame, the rotor inlaid frame is an arc-shaped frame structure with openings on both sides, the T-shaped fixed beam is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the rotor inlaid frame, the sprinkler pipes are fixedly connected to the bottom of the side wall of the hopper-shaped tank in a uniform circumferential distribution, the hanging locking mechanism is arranged on the top of the fixed top plate, the unpowered linkage mechanism is arranged inside the main tank and extends to the inside of the rotor inlaid frame and the hopper-shaped tank, and the bin temporary storage mechanism is arranged inside the main tank.

[0007] Preferably, the hanging locking mechanism includes a three-way rotating seat, a linkage disk and an upper locking tongue assembly. The side wall of the three-way rotating seat is rotatably connected with circumferentially distributed linkage rods. The bottom end of the three-way rotating seat is fixedly connected with a linkage column. The linkage disk is located below the three-way rotating seat. The inner side wall of the linkage rod facing the fixed top plate is fixedly connected with an auxiliary moving rod. One end of the linkage rod away from the three-way rotating seat is rotatably connected with a chuck. The chuck is slidably connected in the corresponding card slot on the top of the fixed top plate. The top end of the three-way rotating seat is fixedly connected with a double-sided suspension rod. The upper locking tongue assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the linkage column.

[0008] Preferably, the unpowered linkage mechanism includes a linkage main shaft, a component passing assembly and a lower locking component. The linkage main shaft is rotatably connected inside the main tank, and at the same time, the top end and the bottom end respectively extend to the outside of the fixed top plate and the hopper-shaped tank. The part of the linkage main shaft extending into the rotor inlaid frame is fixedly connected with uniformly circumferentially distributed unpowered fan blades. The side surface of the unpowered fan blade is provided with a wind receiving inclined surface. The part of the linkage main shaft extending into the hopper-shaped tank is fixedly connected with a spiral conveying blade. The part of the linkage main shaft extending to the outside of the hopper-shaped tank is fixedly connected with uniformly distributed diffusion blades.

[0009] Preferably, the bin temporary storage mechanism includes a material placing cylinder and a classification discharging assembly. The material placing cylinder is fixedly connected inside the main tank. The inner side wall of the material placing cylinder is fixedly connected with uniformly circumferentially distributed partition plates. The partition plates divide the inner part of the material placing cylinder into multiple areas. The side wall of each area of the material placing cylinder penetrates through and is fixedly connected with a feeding inclined channel. The classification discharging assembly is arranged on the bottom wall of the material placing cylinder and corresponds to multiple partition areas.

[0010] Preferably, the upper locking tongue assembly includes a tooth key column and a conical inclined surface. The tooth key column is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the linkage column. Each tooth key connection end of the tooth key column is an arc surface structure. The conical inclined surface is arranged at the bottom end of the tooth key column and is always located above the linkage main shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the component for weighing includes a cross bracket. The cross bracket is fixedly connected to the part of the linkage main shaft extending below the material placing cylinder. An arc-shaped blocking plate is fixedly connected to the outside of the cross bracket. The arc-shaped blocking plate and the cross bracket are movably connected to the bottom wall of the material placing cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, the lower locking component includes an inlay cylinder. The inlay cylinder is fixedly connected to the top end of the linkage main shaft. A tooth key groove is arranged at the top of the inlay cylinder. A conical groove surface is arranged at the top of the tooth key groove. The tooth key connection ends between the tooth key grooves are all arc surface structures. The tooth key column can be embedded into the tooth key groove.

[0013] Preferably, the classification and discharge component includes an arc-shaped liquid discharge groove and an external discharge groove. The arc-shaped liquid discharge groove is arranged at the bottom wall of a group of partition areas inside the material placing cylinder. The external discharge grooves are distributed at the bottom walls of the remaining partition areas of the material placing cylinder.

[0014] Preferably, a circumferentially distributed side support foot is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side wall of the main tank body.

[0015] Working principle: First of all, the equipment is used as the fertilization structure of the plant protection unmanned aerial equipment. It can use the oncoming wind generated during flight after the drone is hung to perform unpowered fertilization operations. It can be used for fertilization and can also be replaced by hanging to accelerate the fertilization of the fertilization drone and the speed of fertilizer replacement and fertilization. First of all, the main tank body is the main structure of the fertilization structure, which is used to fix the unpowered structure and the fertilization structure. The side legs that can be used for support are set up on the part. When there is no need to hang, the side legs are used to stably place it on the ground. At the same time, a compartment temporary storage mechanism is opened inside the main tank body, and the compartment temporary storage mechanism is used to classify and store fertilizers. The storage barrel contained in the compartment temporary storage mechanism is the main structure for storing fertilizers. It is embedded in the inside of the main tank body, and the inside of the storage barrel is connected. Multiple groups of partition plates divide the interior of the barrel into multiple storage areas, which can be used to store nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers and dilution water respectively. Fertilizers can be added separately through the main tank body and the feeding ramps opened on the side wall of the barrel. An external discharge trough for conveying and discharging is opened below the barrel area storing nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and an arc-shaped drainage trough for conveying and discharging is opened below the area storing dilution water. The discharge area of ​​the external discharge trough is smaller than that of the arc-shaped drainage trough. At the same time, the opening position of the arc-shaped drainage trough is further away from the circular axis of the barrel relative to the external discharge trough. A bucket-shaped tank is installed at the bottom of the main tank body and the output direction of the temporary storage mechanism of the sub-bin. The bucket-shaped tank uses its own inverted cone bucket structure to be used for aggregate transportation, and multiple A sprinkler pipe is set to be used for fertilizer application, a rotor inlay frame is installed on the top of the main tank body, and the arc-shaped frame structure with openings on both sides can inlay and install the unpowered fan blades included in the unpowered linkage mechanism in the rotor inlay frame, while allowing some of the unpowered fan blades to remain in the outside environment, and the rotor inlay frame is used to connect and fix the top structure of the main tank body, and a fixed top plate is provided on the top of the rotor inlay frame, and the top surface of the fixed top plate is respectively provided with circumferentially distributed card grooves, and a T-shaped fixed beam is installed on the top of the fixed top plate, which can be used as an auxiliary load-bearing structure during hanging, and a hanging locking mechanism is provided on the top of the fixed top plate, and circumferentially distributed linkage rods are respectively installed around the three-way rotating seat contained therein, and the linkage plate contained in the hanging locking mechanism The sliding sleeve is arranged on the T-shaped fixed beam, and the auxiliary driving rod installed between the linkage rod and the linkage disk makes the linkage disk slide along the T-shaped fixed beam when the three-way rotating seat is lifted into the air, and at the same time limits the three-way rotating seat to only make linear up and down displacement movements, and the end of the linkage rod slides along the card slot installed on the fixed top plate through the installed chuck, so that the linkage rod can be synchronously unfolded along the chuck, and is engaged with the card slot on the top of the fixed top plate through the linkage rod and the chuck, which plays a hanging connection role. The double-sided suspension rods installed on the top of the three-way rotating seat can be quickly hung and lifted with the hook installed on the drone, and the unpowered linkage mechanism that uses the headwind to generate power is installed inside the main tank. The linkage main shaft contained in the unpowered linkage mechanism runs through the entire equipment from top to bottom.At its top, a lower locking component is installed, and a linkage column at the bottom end of the three-way rotating seat is installed with a hanging locking mechanism. The upper locking tongue component included can achieve mutual buckling and opening and closing. The tooth key column included in the upper locking tongue component is a tooth column structure. The inlay cylinder included in the lower locking component and the tooth key groove opened inside the inlay cylinder are tooth key groove structures. When hanging fertilization is not required, the double-sided suspension rods are separated from the hooks, causing the three-way rotating seat to drive the linkage column to descend along the linkage rod and the chuck. The conical inclined surface provided at the bottom end of the tooth key column structure can achieve rapid guiding and docking with the conical groove surface included in the lower locking component. The tooth key connection end of the tooth key column and the inner tooth groove connection end of the tooth key groove are both provided with arc surfaces, facilitating the rapid inlay of the tooth key column into the tooth key groove. The hanging locking mechanism structure stabilizes the inlay cylinder and the linkage main shaft, so that the non-powered linkage mechanism is in a closed state when hanging fertilization operation is not required. When fertilization is required, the drone flies to the top of the fertilizer adding device, hangs the double-sided suspension rods with the hooks and takes off to the airspace above the fertilization area. The upper locking tongue component included in the hanging locking mechanism is separated from the lower locking component at the top of the non-powered linkage mechanism, enabling the non-powered linkage mechanism to start operating according to the windward direction. As the drone starts flying along the fertilization area, the non-powered fan blades installed on the part of the linkage main shaft inside the rotor inlay frame improve the power of the windward surface by installing a windward inclined surface on the side, causing the non-powered fan blades to drive the linkage main shaft to rotate inside the main tank. As the linkage main shaft rotates, the part of the linkage main shaft below the sub-compartment temporary storage mechanism is installed with a component for passing through the quantitative component for docking with the classification discharge component to start the operation of temporarily storing and discharging fertilizers. The arc-shaped blocking plate included in the component for passing through the quantitative component is a large-angle arc structure and is fixed on the linkage main shaft through a cross bracket. When the linkage main shaft rotates, the arc-shaped blocking plate will sequentially open one group of the external discharge grooves of the classification discharge component and close the other groups, while the arc-shaped liquid discharge groove included in the classification discharge component remains continuously open. As multiple groups of external discharge grooves follow the arc-shaped blocking plate to be sequentially and cyclically opened, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and dilution water are sequentially blended and mixed inside the hopper-shaped tank to achieve the effect of classified and quantitative feeding of fertilizers. While the component for passing through the quantitative component rotates and operates following the linkage main shaft, the spiral conveying blades installed on the part of the linkage main shaft inside the hopper-shaped tank also continuously rotate inside the hopper-shaped tank according to the windward power of the non-powered fan blades, and the rotation of the spiral structure causes the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and dilution water to be fully mixed and simultaneously pressed and conveyed downward until reaching the spray irrigation pipe installed at the bottom of the side wall of the hopper-shaped tank, and then splashing around along the spray irrigation pipe. At the same time, the linkage main shaft drives the diffusion blades located below the spray irrigation pipe to rotate, continuously contacting and spreading the fertilizers splashed by the spray irrigation pipe, thereby increasing the area of aerial fertilization. The overall fertilizer adding device is driven by the drone and uses the windward surface generated during flight and the non-powered linkage mechanism to start fertilization and the operation of classified and quantitative feeding of fertilizers. At the same time, when the drone does not come into contact with the hoisting, the hanging locking mechanism structure unfolds and drives the lower locking tongue component and the upper locking component of the non-powered linkage mechanism to buckle with each other, so that when fertilization is not required,The unpowered linkage mechanism is in a closed state at all times.

[0016] The present invention provides a fertilizer adding device for a plant protection UAV. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention has the effects of classified storage and quantitative fertilization: Inside the fertilization system, there is a sub - warehouse temporary storage mechanism that can classify and store different types of fertilizers (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers, and dilution water). With the design of internal partition plates and material placement cylinders, various fertilizers can be stored separately and quantitatively discharged through the set mechanical structure, ensuring the uniformity and accuracy of fertilization.

[0017] 2. The present invention has the effects of power utilization and transmission mechanism: Utilize the oncoming wind during flight to drive the built - in unpowered linkage mechanism (such as unpowered fan blades). These fan blades drive the linkage main shaft to rotate inside the main tank body, thereby driving the spiral conveying blades in the hopper - shaped tank below, promoting the mixing and conveying of fertilizers. Through the sprinkler pipe installed on the side wall of the hopper - shaped tank, the mixed fertilizers can be effectively sprayed onto the crops. At the same time, the diffusion blades at the bottom will further disperse the sprayed fertilizers, increasing the fertilization coverage area.

[0018] 3. The present invention has a hanging and locking mechanism: It is equipped with a complex hanging and locking mechanism and a three - way rotating seat, enabling the UAV to quickly attach and release the fertilizer adding device. When fertilization is not required, the fertilization system can be fixed on the ground, making its unpowered structure in a closed state. Using this fertilization system can improve the flexibility and efficiency of fertilization operations, especially in areas with complex terrains or areas that are difficult for manual access. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention Figure 3 ; Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention Figure 4 ; Figure 5 is a schematic cross - sectional view of the main structure of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic installation diagram of the hanging and locking mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the hanging and locking mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the unpowered linkage mechanism structure of the present invention; Figure 9Schematic diagram of the structural combination of the lower latch assembly and the upper latch assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the hopper-shaped tank of the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the bin temporary storage mechanism of the present invention.

[0020] Among them, 1, main tank body; 2, hopper-shaped tank; 3, rotor inlay frame; 4, fixed top plate; 5, T-shaped fixed beam; 6, sprinkler pipe; 7, hanging locking mechanism; 8, powerless linkage mechanism; 9, bin temporary storage mechanism; 10, side support feet; 71, three-way rotating seat; 72, linkage rod; 73, linkage column; 74, linkage disk; 75, auxiliary moving rod; 76, chuck; 77, double-sided suspension rod; 78, tooth key column; 79, conical inclined surface; 81, linkage main shaft; 82, inlay cylinder; 83, tooth key groove; 84, conical groove surface; 85, powerless fan blade; 86, wind-receiving inclined surface; 87, cross bracket; 88, arc baffle; 89, spiral conveyor blade; 810, diffusion blade; 91, material placement cylinder; 92, partition board; 93, feeding inclined channel; 94, arc drain tank; 95, external discharge tank. Specific embodiments

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 - appendix Figure 3, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, comprising: a main tank body 1, which is used to fix and install all structures of the fertilizer adding equipment of the unmanned aerial vehicle; a hopper-shaped tank 2 is located below the main tank body 1 and is used for guiding and discharging fertilizers; a rotor inlay frame 3 is located above the main tank body 1 and is used to sleeve a non-powered drive structure in cooperation with a card slot opened at the top; a fixed top plate 4 is located above the main tank body 1 and is used to fix and install the hanging structure of the unmanned aerial vehicle; a T-shaped fixing beam 5 is located above the fixed top plate 4 and is used to strengthen the structural stability during the hoisting of the unmanned aerial vehicle. The hopper-shaped tank 2 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main tank body 1, the rotor inlay frame 3 is fixedly connected to the top of the main tank body 1, the rotor inlay frame 3 is an arc-shaped frame structure with openings on both sides, the fixed top plate 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the rotor inlay frame 3, the T-shaped fixing beam 5 is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the rotor inlay frame 3, spray irrigation pipes 6 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the side wall of the hopper-shaped tank 2 in a uniform circular distribution, a hanging locking mechanism 7 is arranged on the top of the fixed top plate 4, a non-powered linkage mechanism 8 is arranged inside the main tank body 1 and extends to the inside of the rotor inlay frame 3 and the hopper-shaped tank 2, a sub-compartment temporary storage mechanism 9 is arranged inside the main tank body 1, the spray irrigation pipes 6 are located on the side of the rotor inlay frame 3 and are used to directly discharge the stored fertilizers of the device. The bottom of the side wall of the main tank body 1 is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed side support feet 10. First of all, as the fertilization structure of the plant protection unmanned flight equipment, this device can use the oncoming wind generated during flight after being hung by the unmanned aerial vehicle to perform non-powered fertilization operations, and can be used for fertilization or can be replaced by hanging to accelerate the fertilization, fertilizer replacement and fertilizer adding speed of the fertilization unmanned aerial vehicle. First of all, the main tank body 1 is used as the main structure of this fertilization structure to fix the non-powered structure and the fertilization structure, and side support feet 10 for support are erected on its part. When not hanging, the erected side support feet 10 are used to stably place on the ground. At the same time, a sub-compartment temporary storage mechanism 9 is opened inside the main tank body 1, and the sub-compartment temporary storage mechanism 9 is used for classified storage of fertilizers. The hopper-shaped tank 2 is installed at the bottom end of the main tank body 1 and the output direction of the sub-compartment temporary storage mechanism 9. The hopper-shaped tank 2 can be used for aggregate transportation by its own inverted conical bucket structure, and multiple groups of spray irrigation pipes 6 installed on the side wall of the hopper-shaped tank 2 are used for fertilizer application. The rotor inlay frame 3 is installed on the top of the main tank body 1. Its arc-shaped frame structure with openings on both sides can inlay and install the non-powered fan blades 85 included in the non-powered linkage mechanism 8 inside the rotor inlay frame 3, and at the same time enable part of the non-powered fan blades 85 to remain in the external environment, and the rotor inlay frame 3 is used to connect and fix the top structure of the main tank body 1. A fixed top plate 4 is opened at the top of the rotor inlay frame 3, and circumferentially distributed card slots are respectively arranged on the top surface of the fixed top plate 4, and a T-shaped fixing beam 5 is installed on the top of the fixed top plate 4, which can be used as an auxiliary load-bearing structure during hanging.

[0023] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - attached Figure 9, the hanging locking mechanism 7 is located above the fixed top plate 4 and cooperates with the inlay cylinder 82 to be used for hanging connection with the drone at any time and locking and opening the powerless structure. The hanging locking mechanism 7 includes a three-way rotating seat 71, a linkage disk 74 and an upper locking tongue assembly. The side wall of the three-way rotating seat 71 is rotatably connected with circumferentially distributed linkage rods 72. The bottom end of the three-way rotating seat 71 is fixedly connected with a linkage column 73. The linkage disk 74 is located below the three-way rotating seat 71. The inner side wall of the linkage rod 72 facing the fixed top plate 4 is fixedly connected with an auxiliary driving rod 75. One end of the linkage rod 72 away from the three-way rotating seat 71 is rotatably connected with a chuck 76. The chuck 76 is slidably connected in a corresponding slot on the top of the fixed top plate 4. The top end of the three-way rotating seat 71 is fixedly connected with a double-sided suspension rod 77. The upper locking tongue assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the linkage column 73. The upper locking tongue assembly includes a tooth key column 78 and a conical inclined surface 79. The tooth key column 78 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the linkage column 73. Each tooth key connection end of the tooth key column 78 is an arc surface structure. The conical inclined surface 79 is arranged at the bottom end of the tooth key column 78. The conical inclined surface 79 is always located above the linkage main shaft 81. A hanging locking mechanism 7 is arranged on the top of the fixed top plate 4. Circumferentially distributed linkage rods 72 are respectively installed around the three-way rotating seat 71 included in it. At the same time, the linkage disk 74 included in the hanging locking mechanism 7 is slidably sleeved on the T-shaped fixed beam 5. The auxiliary driving rod 75 installed between the linkage rod 72 and the linkage disk 74 enables the linkage disk 74 to slide along the T-shaped fixed beam 5 when the three-way rotating seat 71 is lifted off the ground, and at the same time restricts the three-way rotating seat 71 to only make linear up and down displacement movements. The end of the linkage rod 72 slides along the slot installed on the fixed top plate 4 through the installed chuck 76, enabling the linkage rod 72 to expand synchronously along the chuck 76, and engaging with the slot on the top of the fixed top plate 4 through the linkage rod 72 and the chuck 76 to play a role in hanging connection. The double-sided suspension rod 77 installed at the top end of the three-way rotating seat 71 can be quickly hooked and lifted with the hook installed on the drone. The powerless linkage mechanism 8 that generates power by the oncoming wind is installed inside the main tank body 1. The linkage main shaft 81 included in the powerless linkage mechanism 8 penetrates through the whole equipment up and down. The lower locking component installed at its top end and the upper locking tongue assembly included in the linkage column 73 at the bottom end of the three-way rotating seat 71 can be mutually buckled and opened and closed.

[0024] Please refer to the appendix Figure 1 - appendix Figure 9, the power-free linkage mechanism 8 is located inside the device. It cooperates with the tooth key column 78 and the material placing cylinder 91 and uses external wind energy to drive the fertilizer adding device. The power-free linkage mechanism 8 includes a linkage main shaft 81, a component passing assembly and a lower locking assembly. The linkage main shaft 81 is rotatably connected inside the main tank body 1, and at the same time, the top and bottom extend to the outside of the fixed top plate 4 and the hopper-shaped tank 2 respectively. The part of the linkage main shaft 81 extending into the rotor inlay frame 3 is fixedly connected with evenly circumferentially distributed power-free fan blades 85. The side of the power-free fan blade 85 is provided with a wind-receiving inclined surface 86. The part of the linkage main shaft 81 extending into the hopper-shaped tank 2 is fixedly connected with a spiral conveying blade 89. The part of the linkage main shaft 81 extending outside the hopper-shaped tank 2 is fixedly connected with evenly distributed diffusion blades 810. The component passing assembly includes a cross bracket 87. The cross bracket 87 is fixedly connected to the part of the linkage main shaft 81 extending below the material placing cylinder 91. An arc-shaped blocking plate 88 is fixedly connected to the outside of the cross bracket 87. The arc-shaped blocking plate 88 and the cross bracket 87 are movably connected to the bottom wall of the material placing cylinder 91. The lower locking assembly includes an inlay cylinder 82. The inlay cylinder 82 is fixedly connected to the top end of the linkage main shaft 81. A tooth key groove 83 is provided at the top of the inlay cylinder 82. A conical groove surface 84 is provided at the top of the tooth key groove 83. The tooth key connection ends between the tooth key grooves 83 are all of arc-shaped surface structures. The tooth key column 78 can be embedded into the tooth key groove 83. The tooth key column 78 included in the upper lock tongue assembly is of tooth column structure. The inlay cylinder 82 included in the lower locking assembly and the tooth key groove 83 opened inside the inlay cylinder 82 are of tooth key groove structure. When no hanging fertilization is required, the double-sided suspension rods 77 are disengaged from the hooks, so that the three-way rotating seat 71 drives the linkage column 73 to descend along the linkage rod 72 and the chuck 76. The conical inclined surface 79 provided at the bottom end of the tooth key column 78 structure and the conical groove surface 84 included in the lower locking assembly can achieve rapid guiding docking. The tooth key connection end of the tooth key column 78 and the inner tooth groove connection end of the tooth key groove 83 are both provided with arc-shaped surfaces, which is convenient for the tooth key column 78 to be quickly inlaid into the tooth key groove 83. The inlay cylinder 82 and the linkage main shaft 81 are stabilized by using the hanging locking mechanism 7, so that the power-free linkage mechanism 8 is in a closed state when no hanging fertilization operation is required. When fertilization is required, the unmanned aerial vehicle flies to the top of the fertilizer adding device, hangs the double-sided suspension rods 77 with the hooks and takes off to the air above the fertilization area. The upper lock tongue assembly included in the hanging locking mechanism 7 is disengaged from the lower locking assembly at the top of the power-free linkage mechanism 8, so that the power-free linkage mechanism 8 can start to operate according to the windward. As the unmanned aerial vehicle starts to fly along the fertilization area, the power-free fan blades 85 installed on the part of the linkage main shaft 81 located inside the rotor inlay frame 3 improve the power of the windward surface by adding the wind-receiving inclined surface 86 on the side, so that the power-free fan blades 85 drive the linkage main shaft 81 to rotate inside the main tank body 1. As the linkage main shaft 81 rotates, the component passing assembly installed on the part of the linkage main shaft 81 located below the bin temporary storage mechanism 9 and docked with the classification discharge assembly starts to carry out the operation of discharging the temporarily stored fertilizer.The component passes through the arc-shaped baffle 88 contained in the component, which is a large-angle arc structure, and is fixed on the linkage main shaft 81 through the cross bracket 87. When the linkage main shaft 81 rotates, the arc-shaped baffle 88 will sequentially open one of the external discharge grooves 95 of the classification and discharge component and close the rest. The arc-shaped liquid discharge groove 94 contained in the classification and discharge component is continuously open. As the multiple groups of external discharge grooves 95 follow the arc-shaped baffle 88 to be sequentially and cyclically opened, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and dilution water are sequentially blended and mixed inside the hopper-shaped tank 2 to achieve the effect of classified and quantitative feeding of fertilizers. While the component for weighing passes through and operates following the rotation of the linkage main shaft 81, the spiral conveying blade 89 installed on the part of the linkage main shaft 81 inside the hopper-shaped tank 2 also continuously rotates inside the hopper-shaped tank 2 according to the windward power of the non-powered fan blade 85, and the rotation of the spiral structure causes the nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers and dilution water to be fully mixed and simultaneously pressed and conveyed downward until it reaches the sprinkler pipe 6 installed at the bottom of the side wall of the hopper-shaped tank 2, and then splashes around along the sprinkler pipe 6. At the same time, the linkage main shaft 81 drives the diffusion blade 810 located below the sprinkler pipe 6 to rotate, continuously contacting and scattering the fertilizers splashed by the sprinkler pipe 6, thereby increasing the area of aerial fertilization. The overall fertilizer adding device is driven by a drone, and uses the windward surface generated during flight and the non-powered linkage mechanism 8 to start the fertilization and the classified and quantitative feeding operation of fertilizers. At the same time, when the drone does not come into contact with the suspension, the structure of the hanging locking mechanism 7 unfolds and drives the lower lock tongue component to engage with the upper lock buckle component of the non-powered linkage mechanism 8, so that when fertilization is not required, the non-powered linkage mechanism 8 is always in a closed state.

[0025] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 - Attachment Figure 11, the bin temporary storage mechanism 9 is located inside the main tank body 1 and is used for classifying and storing the fertilization raw materials of the fertilization device. The bin temporary storage mechanism 9 includes a material placement cylinder 91 and a classification discharge assembly. The material placement cylinder 91 is fixedly connected inside the main tank body 1. The inner side wall of the material placement cylinder 91 is fixedly connected with partition plates 92 evenly distributed in a circumferential manner. The partition plates 92 divide the interior of the material placement cylinder 91 into multiple regions. The side wall at each region position of the material placement cylinder 91 penetrates and is fixedly connected with an inclined feeding chute 93. The classification discharge assembly is arranged on the bottom wall of the material placement cylinder 91 and corresponds to multiple partition regions. The classification discharge assembly includes an arc-shaped liquid discharge groove 94 and an external discharge chute 95. The arc-shaped liquid discharge groove 94 is arranged on the bottom wall of a group of partition regions inside the material placement cylinder 91, and the external discharge chute 95 is distributed on the bottom wall of the remaining partition regions of the material placement cylinder 91. The material placement cylinder 91 included in the bin temporary storage mechanism 9 serves as the main structure for storing fertilizers and is embedded inside the main tank body 1. The interior of the material placement cylinder 91 is divided into multiple storage regions by multiple partition plates 92, which can be used to store nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizers, and dilution water respectively. Fertilizers can be filled into the material placement cylinder 91 through the inclined feeding chutes 93 opened on the side walls of the main tank body 1 and the material placement cylinder 91. An external discharge chute 95 for conveying and discharging materials is opened below the region of the material placement cylinder 91 for storing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, and an arc-shaped liquid discharge groove 94 for conveying and discharging is also opened below the region for storing dilution water. The discharge area of the external discharge chute 95 is smaller than that of the arc-shaped liquid discharge groove 94. At the same time, the opening position of the arc-shaped liquid discharge groove 94 is more deviated from the center of the circle of the material placement cylinder 91 relative to the external discharge chute 95.

[0026] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle, characterized in that, Comprising: A main tank body (1) for fixing and installing all structures of the drone fertilizer adding device; A hopper-shaped tank (2) is located below the main tank body (1) for guiding and discharging fertilizers; A rotor inlay frame (3) is located above the main tank body (1) and is used to sleeved with a non-powered drive structure in cooperation with a card slot opened at the top; A fixed top plate (4) is located above the main tank body (1) for fixing and installing a drone hanging structure; A T-shaped fixed beam (5) is located above the fixed top plate (4) for strengthening the structural stability during the hoisting of the drone; A sprinkler pipe (6) is located on the side of the rotor inlay frame (3) for directly discharging the stored fertilizers of the device; A hanging locking mechanism (7) is located above the fixed top plate (4) and is used to be connected with the drone for hanging at any time and locking and opening the non-powered structure in cooperation with an inlay cylinder (82); A non-powered linkage mechanism (8) is located inside the device and is used to drive the fertilizer adding device by cooperating with a tooth key column (78) and a material placing cylinder (91) and using external wind energy; A bin temporary storage mechanism (9) is located inside the main tank body (1) for classifying and storing the fertilizer adding raw materials of the fertilizer adding device.

2. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hopper-shaped tank (2) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the main tank body (1), the rotor inlay frame (3) is fixedly connected to the top of the main tank body (1), the rotor inlay frame (3) is an arc-shaped frame structure with openings on both sides, the fixed top plate (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the rotor inlay frame (3), the T-shaped fixed beam (5) is fixedly connected to the center of the top of the rotor inlay frame (3), the sprinkler pipe (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the side wall of the hopper-shaped tank (2) in a uniformly circumferential distribution, the hanging locking mechanism (7) is arranged on the top of the fixed top plate (4), the non-powered linkage mechanism (8) is arranged inside the main tank body (1) and extends into the rotor inlay frame (3) and the hopper-shaped tank (2), and the bin temporary storage mechanism (9) is arranged inside the main tank body (1).

3. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection UAV according to claim 1, wherein, The hanging locking mechanism (7) includes a three-way rotating seat (71), a linkage disc (74) and an upper locking tongue assembly. The side wall of the three-way rotating seat (71) is rotatably connected with circumferentially distributed linkage rods (72). The bottom end of the three-way rotating seat (71) is fixedly connected with a linkage column (73). The linkage disc (74) is located below the three-way rotating seat (71). The inner side wall of the linkage rod (72) facing the fixed top plate (4) is fixedly connected with an auxiliary moving rod (75). One end of the linkage rod (72) away from the three-way rotating seat (71) is rotatably connected with a chuck (76). The chuck (76) is slidably connected in a corresponding card slot on the top of the fixed top plate (4). The top end of the three-way rotating seat (71) is fixedly connected with a double-sided suspension rod (77). The upper locking tongue assembly is arranged at the bottom end of the linkage column (73).

4. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection UAV according to claim 1, characterized in that, The unpowered linkage mechanism (8) includes a linkage main shaft (81), a component passing assembly and a lower locking component. The linkage main shaft (81) is rotatably connected inside the main tank body (1), and at the same time, the top and bottom respectively extend to the outside of the fixed top plate (4) and the hopper-shaped tank (2). The part of the linkage main shaft (81) extending into the rotor inlay frame (3) is fixedly connected with evenly circumferentially distributed unpowered fan blades (85). The side surface of the unpowered fan blade (85) is provided with a windward inclined surface (86). The part of the linkage main shaft (81) extending into the hopper-shaped tank (2) is fixedly connected with a spiral conveying blade (89). The part of the linkage main shaft (81) extending outside the hopper-shaped tank (2) is fixedly connected with evenly distributed diffusion blades (810).

5. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bin temporary storage mechanism (9) includes a material placing cylinder (91) and a classification discharge assembly. The material placing cylinder (91) is fixedly connected inside the main tank body (1). The inner side wall of the material placing cylinder (91) is fixedly connected with evenly circumferentially distributed partition plates (92). The partition plates (92) divide the inside of the material placing cylinder (91) into multiple areas. The side wall at each area position of the material placing cylinder (91) penetrates and is fixedly connected with a feeding chute (93). The classification discharge assembly is arranged on the bottom wall of the material placing cylinder (91) and corresponds to multiple partition areas.

6. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 3, wherein The upper locking tongue assembly includes a tooth key column (78) and a conical inclined surface (79). The tooth key column (78) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the linkage column (73). Each tooth key connection end of the tooth key column (78) is an arc surface structure. The conical inclined surface (79) is arranged at the bottom end of the tooth key column (78), and the conical inclined surface (79) is always located above the linkage main shaft (81).

7. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that The component passing assembly includes a cross bracket (87). The cross bracket (87) is fixedly connected to the part of the linkage main shaft (81) extending below the material placing cylinder (91). The outer side of the cross bracket (87) is fixedly connected with an arc-shaped blocking plate (88). The arc-shaped blocking plate (88) and the cross bracket (87) are movably connected to the bottom wall of the material placing cylinder (91).

8. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 4, wherein, The lower locking component includes an inlay cylinder (82). The inlay cylinder (82) is fixedly connected to the top end of the linkage main shaft (81). The top of the inlay cylinder (82) is provided with a tooth key groove (83). The top of the tooth key groove (83) is provided with a conical groove surface (84). The tooth key connection ends between the tooth key grooves (83) are all arc surface structures. The tooth key column (78) can be embedded in the tooth key groove (83).

9. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 5, characterized in that, The classification discharge assembly includes an arc-shaped liquid discharge groove (94) and an external discharge groove (95). The arc-shaped liquid discharge groove (94) is arranged on the bottom wall of a group of partition areas inside the material placing cylinder (91). The external discharge grooves (95) are distributed on the bottom walls of the remaining partition areas of the material placing cylinder (91).

10. The fertilizer adding device for a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the side wall of the main tank body (1) is fixedly connected with circumferentially distributed side support feet (10).

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