Straw returning device and use method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a straw returning device and a method of use, wherein the straw returning device comprises an outer shell, a cutting wheel, a first grinding wheel, a shredding wheel and a first shredding wheel; the cutting wheel is used to harvest the stem portion of the straw, and the stem portion is sequentially crushed by the first grinding wheel, torn by the shredding wheel and crushed by the first shredding wheel before being discharged from the outer shell; the shredding wheel comprises multiple rows of first rollers and multiple rows of second rollers; each row of second rollers and its adjacent row of first rollers form a tearing group, the first rollers of the same tearing group penetrate into the stem portion to fix the stem portion, and the second rollers penetrate into the stem portion while being able to move back and forth along the axial direction of the roller shaft, thereby tearing the stem portion and destroying the fiber structure of the stem portion in the circumferential direction, so that the stem portion can be crushed more thoroughly when shredded by the first shredding wheel, thereby accelerating its decomposition efficiency in the soil.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a straw returning device and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Straw return equipment is a mechanical equipment used to return agricultural waste, such as rice straw, wheat straw, corn straw, etc., to the fields after processing. Crushing the straw and spreading it into the farmland can increase the soil organic matter content, improve the soil structure, and reduce the pollution of straw burning to the environment. However, when crushing the straw, the straw is usually broken axially. Since the straw has more fibers in the stem, the axial fracture usually retains more complete fiber structure, which is not conducive to the invasion of microorganisms and the decomposition process is relatively slow. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The invention provides a straw returning device and a use method thereof, so as to solve the problem that the existing straw is not completely crushed, thereby affecting the decomposition efficiency.

[0004] The straw returning device and the use method of the present invention adopt the following technical solutions:

[0005] A straw returning device comprises a shell, a cutting wheel, a first grinding wheel, a shredding wheel and a first chopping wheel; a first feed plate is installed in the shell for receiving the stems of the straw harvested by the cutting wheel, the axes of the first grinding wheel, the shredding wheel and the first chopping wheel are horizontal and parallel and are sequentially installed above the first feed plate in the shell; the stems are sequentially crushed by the first grinding wheel, torn by the shredding wheel and crushed by the first chopping wheel and then discharged from the shell; the shredding wheel comprises a roller shaft, a sliding rod and a synchronization ring, the roller shaft is rotatably mounted on the shell and a sliding rod is arranged along its axis around the circumference of the roller shaft There are multiple rows of first needle rollers distributed at intervals; there are multiple sliding rods, which are distributed circumferentially around the roller shaft and are all installed on the roller shaft for sliding along the axial direction of the roller shaft. Multiple second needle rollers are arranged on the sliding rod along the axial direction of the roller shaft; one end of the multiple sliding rods is connected through a synchronous ring coaxial with the roller shaft; the second needle rollers on each sliding rod and a row of first needle rollers outside the adjacent roller shaft form a tearing group, and the sliding rod rotates synchronously with the roller shaft and reciprocates along the axial direction of the roller shaft. The first needle rollers of the same tearing group press the rod part while the second needle rollers reciprocate to tear the rod part.

[0006] Optionally, a straw returning device also includes a rooting wheel, a second grinding wheel and a second chopping wheel, the rooting wheel is parallel to the cutting wheel and is located on the rear side of the cutting wheel along the direction of travel of the outer shell; a second feed plate is also installed in the outer shell for receiving the roots and soil of the straw dug out by the rooting wheel; the axes of the second grinding wheel and the second chopping wheel are horizontal and parallel and are both installed above the second feed plate; the roots and soil on the second feed plate are successively ground by the second grinding wheel and chopped by the second chopping wheel and then discharged from the outer shell.

[0007] Optionally, a first conveyor belt is installed in the housing, and the first conveyor belt is used to convey the stems of the straw harvested by the cutting wheel to the first conveying plate.

[0008] Optionally, one end of the roller shaft is fixedly connected to a push wheel, and the end face of the push wheel close to the roller shaft is a wavy surface; a push rod is installed on the synchronous ring for rotation around its circumference, the push rod is parallel to the roller shaft and is installed on the outer shell along its axial direction and is restricted from rotation by the outer shell, a boss is fixed on the push rod, and a first elastic member is provided between the boss and the outer shell, the first elastic member prompts the push rod to abut against the wavy surface of the push wheel, and the push rod moves back and forth along its axial direction under the joint action of the first elastic member and the push wheel, and then drives the sliding rod to move back and forth through the synchronous ring.

[0009] Optionally, the second rolling wheel includes a core shaft and a rolling cylinder, the core shaft is rotatably mounted on the outer shell, and the rolling cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the core shaft, and can rotate synchronously with the core shaft and move axially relative to the core shaft; a top wheel is fixed to one end of the core shaft, and the end face of the top wheel close to the core shaft is a wavy surface; a push rod is installed at one end of the rolling cylinder, the push rod is parallel to the core shaft, and slides circumferentially with the end face of the rolling cylinder around the rolling cylinder; the push rod is slidably mounted on the outer shell along its axial direction and is restricted from rotating by the outer shell; a baffle is fixed to the outside of the push rod, and a second elastic member is provided between the baffle and the outer shell, and the second elastic member causes the push rod to abut against the wavy surface of the end face of the top wheel; the push rod moves back and forth along its axial direction under the joint action of the second elastic member and the top wheel, thereby driving the rolling cylinder to move back and forth along its axial direction.

[0010] Optionally, the first feed plate and the second feed plate are both tilted, with the side of the first feed plate close to the first grinding wheel higher than the side close to the first chopping wheel, and the side of the second feed plate close to the second grinding wheel higher than the side close to the second chopping wheel.

[0011] Optionally, a second conveyor belt is further provided in the shell, and the second conveyor belt is used to transport the roots and soil dug out by the root digging wheel to the second conveying plate.

[0012] Optionally, a first discharge port and a second discharge port are provided on the outer shell, and the first discharge port and the second discharge port are both flared and located at the rear side of the moving direction of the outer shell; the first discharge port is connected to the top of the first feed plate; the second discharge port is located below the first discharge port and is connected to the top of the second feed plate; along the moving direction of the outer shell, the discharge position of the second discharge port is located at the rear side of the discharge position of the first discharge port.

[0013] Optionally, there are two first discharge openings, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the first chopping wheel, and the second discharge opening is located below and in the middle of the two first discharge openings.

[0014] A method for using a straw returning device, applicable to the above-mentioned straw returning device, comprises the following steps:

[0015] S10, installing the housing on a movable mechanical device, and using the mechanical device to drive the housing to move;

[0016] S20, starting the cutting wheel and the rooting wheel to rotate, respectively harvesting the stem and root of the straw, and sending the stem to the first conveyor plate, and sending the root and soil to the second conveyor plate; and starting the first grinding wheel, the shredding wheel and the first chopping wheel to grind, tear and crush the stem, respectively, and starting the second grinding wheel and the second chopping wheel to grind and crush the root, respectively;

[0017] S30, discharging the crushed stems and roots, and covering the crushed roots and soil carried by the roots on the crushed stems.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the straw returning equipment of the present invention is provided with a shredding wheel, and the first roller and the second roller on the shredding wheel act together. The two rows of first rollers and the second roller in the same tearing group are closer together and can penetrate into the flattened rod at the same time. The first roller penetrates into the rod to fix the rod, and the second roller penetrates into the rod and can move back and forth along the axial direction of the roller shaft, thereby tearing the rod and destroying the fiber structure of the rod in the circumferential direction. When it is chopped by the first shredding wheel, it can be crushed more thoroughly, thereby accelerating its decomposition efficiency in the soil.

[0019] Furthermore, a root digging wheel is provided to dig out the roots of the straw, and the roots and the soil carried by the roots are crushed, and the crushed roots and soil are covered on top of the crushed stem. Since the roots and soil are heavy and dense, they help to fix the stem to prevent it from being blown away by the wind, and help to reduce water erosion, and avoid the stem from being washed away by water after heavy rainfall; further, the stem is covered under the soil and roots, and the moisture in the soil can further promote the decomposition of the stem. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of a straw returning device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 A side view of the overall structure of an embodiment of a straw returning device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the cross section along the AA direction;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 2 Schematic cross-section diagram along the middle BB direction (the dotted lines in the figure indicate the discharge ranges of the first and second discharge ports);

[0025] Figure 5 A top view of the overall structure of an embodiment of a straw returning device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic cross-section in the CC direction;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic structural diagram of a first grinding wheel, a shredding wheel, a first chopping wheel, a second grinding wheel, and a second chopping wheel in an embodiment of a straw returning device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of the second grinding wheel in an embodiment of a straw returning device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 8 The enlarged schematic diagram of point D in the middle;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a shredding wheel in an embodiment of a straw returning device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of point E in the middle.

[0032] In the figure: 100, housing; 110, first feed plate; 120, second feed plate; 130, first discharge port; 140, second discharge port; 150, guide plate; 160, first motor; 210, cutting wheel; 220, first conveyor belt; 230, first grinding wheel; 240, shredding wheel; 241, roller; 242, sliding rod; 243, synchronizer ring; 244, first needle roller; 245, second needle roller; 246, push wheel; 247, push rod; 248, first elastic member; 250, first shredding wheel; 310, root digging wheel; 320, second grinding wheel; 321, core shaft; 322, grinding cylinder; 323, top wheel; 324, push rod; 325, second elastic member; 330, second shredding wheel; 340, second conveyor belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] An embodiment of a straw returning device of the present invention is as follows Figures 1 to 11 As shown, the housing 100 , the cutting wheel 210 , the first grinding wheel 230 , the tearing wheel 240 and the first shredding wheel 250 are included.

[0035] A first feed plate 110 is mounted within the housing 100 to receive the stems of the straw harvested by the cutting wheel 210. The axes of the first grinding wheel 230, the shredding wheel 240, and the first chopping wheel 250 are horizontally and parallelly mounted above the first feed plate 110 within the housing 100. Assuming the housing 100 moves from rear to front, the cutting wheel 210, the first grinding wheel 230, the shredding wheel 240, and the first chopping wheel 250 are sequentially arranged from front to back, with their axes extending horizontally perpendicular to the direction of travel of the housing 100. As the cutting wheel 210 rotates, it cuts the straw and transports it from above from front to back. The specific structure is conventional and will not be described in detail here. The first grinding wheel 230, the shredding wheel 240, and the first chopping wheel 250 rotate in the same direction, opposite to the direction of rotation of the cutting wheel 210. The first grinding wheel 230, the tearing wheel 240 and the first chopping wheel 250 can be driven by separate driving members, or can be connected to each other via a transmission belt and driven by one driving member.

[0036] The stem of the straw is sequentially crushed by the first grinding wheel 230 , torn by the shredding wheel 240 , and crushed by the first chopping wheel 250 before being discharged from the casing 100 .

[0037] The shredder wheel 240 includes a roller shaft 241, a sliding rod 242, and a synchronizer ring 243. The roller shaft 241 is rotatably mounted on the housing 100 and is circumferentially provided with multiple rows of first needle rollers 244. Each row of first needle rollers 244 is spaced apart along its axial direction. Multiple sliding rods 242 are circumferentially distributed around the roller shaft 241 and are axially slidably mounted on the roller shaft 241. Multiple second needle rollers 245 are axially provided on the sliding rods 242. Specifically, the sliding rods 242 and the roller shaft 241 engage via keyways along the axial direction of the roller shaft 241, enabling the sliding rods 242 to slide axially relative to the roller shaft 241 and rotate synchronously with it. The second needle rollers 245 and the first needle rollers 244 both extend radially along the roller shaft 241, with their ends facing away from the central axis of the roller shaft 241 located on the same circumferential surface coaxial with the roller shaft 241. One end of the plurality of sliding rods 242 is connected via a synchronizing ring 243 coaxial with the roller shaft 241. The second needle rollers 245 on each sliding rod 242 and the adjacent row of first needle rollers 244 outside the roller shaft 241 form a tearing group. The sliding rods 242 rotate synchronously with the roller shaft 241 while reciprocating along the axial direction of the roller shaft 241. The first needle rollers 244 of the same tearing group press against the rod portion, while the second needle rollers 245 reciprocate and tear the rod portion.

[0038] During use, the shell 100 moves from back to front, and the cutting wheel 210 rotates to cut off the stem of the straw. After the first feed plate 110 receives the stem, it is first crushed by the first grinding wheel 230 to facilitate the penetration of the first roller 244 and the second roller 245 of the shredding wheel 240. The two rows of first rollers 244 and second rollers 245 of the same tearing group are close to each other and can penetrate the flattened stem at the same time. The first roller 244 penetrates the stem to fix the stem, and the second roller 245 penetrates the stem and can reciprocate axially along the roller shaft 241, thereby tearing the stem and destroying the fiber structure of the stem in the circumferential direction. When it is chopped by the first shredding wheel 250, it can be crushed more thoroughly, thereby accelerating its decomposition efficiency in the soil.

[0039] In this embodiment, a straw returning device further includes a digging wheel 310, a second grinding wheel 320, and a second chopping wheel 330. The digging wheel 310 is parallel to the cutting wheel 210 and is located behind the cutting wheel 210 in the direction of travel of the housing 100. The digging wheel 310 rotates in the same direction as the cutting wheel 210 and can be driven by a separate drive element or connected by a transmission belt and driven by a single drive element. The specific structure of the digging wheel 310 is prior art and will not be described in detail. A second conveyor plate 120 is also installed within the housing 100 to receive the roots and soil removed by the rooting wheel 310. The axes of the second grinding wheel 320 and the second chopping wheel 330 are both horizontal and parallel and are mounted above the second conveyor plate 120. The second grinding wheel 320 and the second chopping wheel 330 rotate in the same direction, opposite to the direction of rotation of the rooting wheel 310. The second grinding wheel 320 and the second chopping wheel 330 can be driven by separate drivers or connected by a transmission belt and driven by a single driver. The roots and soil on the second conveyor plate 120 are subsequently crushed by the second grinding wheel 320 and chopped by the second chopping wheel 330 before being discharged from the housing 100.

[0040] In this embodiment, a first conveyor belt 220 is installed within the housing 100. The first conveyor belt 220 is used to transport the stems of the straw harvested by the cutting wheel 210 to the first conveyor plate 110. A second conveyor belt 340 is also installed within the housing 100. The second conveyor belt 340 is used to transport the roots and soil excavated by the root digging wheel 310 to the second conveyor plate 120. The first conveyor belt 220 and the second conveyor belt 340 are respectively mounted on a set of pulleys rotatably mounted on the housing 100. The cutting wheel 210 can be connected to the pulleys of the first conveyor belt 220 via a transmission belt and then driven by a drive member. The root digging wheel 310 can be connected to the pulleys of the second conveyor belt 340 via a transmission belt and then driven by a drive member.

[0041] In this embodiment, one end of the roller shaft 241 is fixedly connected to a push wheel 246, and the end surface of the push wheel 246 close to the roller shaft 241 is a wavy surface; a push rod 247 is installed on the synchronous ring 243 to rotate around its circumference, and the push rod 247 is parallel to the roller shaft 241 and is installed on the shell 100 along its axial sliding and is restricted from rotation by the shell 100, and a boss is fixed on the push rod 247, and a first elastic member 248 is provided between the boss and the shell 100, and the first elastic member 248 prompts the push rod 247 to abut against the wavy surface of the push wheel 246, and the push rod 247 moves back and forth along its axial direction under the joint action of the first elastic member 248 and the push wheel 246, and then drives the sliding rod 242 to move back and forth through the synchronous ring 243.

[0042] In this embodiment, the second grinding wheel 320 includes a core shaft 321 and a grinding cylinder 322. The core shaft 321 is rotatably mounted on the housing 100, and the grinding cylinder 322 is coaxially sleeved on the core shaft 321, and can rotate synchronously with the core shaft 321 and move axially relative to the core shaft 321; a top wheel 323 is fixed to one end of the core shaft 321, and the end surface of the top wheel 323 close to the core shaft 321 is a wavy surface; a top rod 324 is installed at one end of the grinding cylinder 322, and the top rod 324 is parallel to the core shaft 321 and is aligned with the grinding cylinder 322. The end surface of the top wheel 323 slides circumferentially around the rolling drum 322. The push rod 324 is axially slidably mounted on the housing 100 and is restricted from rotation by the housing 100. A baffle is fixed to the outside of the push rod 324, and a second elastic member 325 is provided between the baffle and the housing 100. The second elastic member 325 forces the push rod 324 to abut against the wavy surface of the end surface of the top wheel 323. The push rod 324 reciprocates along its axial direction under the combined action of the second elastic member 325 and the top wheel 323, thereby driving the rolling drum 322 to reciprocate along its axial direction. The first elastic member 248 and the second elastic member 325 are both springs.

[0043] In this embodiment, the first grinding wheel 230 and the shredding wheel 240 are connected by a transmission belt, and the shredding wheel 240 and the first shredding wheel 250 are connected by a transmission belt. A first motor 160 is mounted within the housing 100. The first motor 160 engages with the ring gears mounted on the core shafts 321 of the first grinding wheel 230 and the second grinding wheel 320 via two gears, thereby driving the first grinding wheel 230 and the second grinding wheel 320 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction. The cutting wheel 210 is connected to the pulley of the first conveyor belt 220 by a transmission belt, and the rooting wheel 310 is connected to the pulley of the second conveyor belt 340 by a transmission belt. The cutting wheel 210 and the rooting wheel 310 are also connected by a transmission belt. A second motor is also mounted within the housing 100. The output shaft of the second motor is connected to the cutting wheel 210 by a transmission belt, thereby driving the rooting wheel 310, the first conveyor belt 220, and the second conveyor belt 340 to rotate synchronously and in the same direction.

[0044] In this embodiment, both the first conveyor plate 110 and the second conveyor plate 120 are inclined. The side of the first conveyor plate 110 near the first grinding wheel 230 is higher than the side near the first chopping wheel 250, and the side of the second conveyor plate 120 near the second grinding wheel 320 is higher than the side near the second chopping wheel 330. The side of the first conveyor plate 110 near the first grinding wheel 230 is a first arcuate segment coaxial with the first grinding wheel 230, increasing the area of ​​compression of the first grinding wheel 230 against the rods on the first conveyor plate 110. The side of the second conveyor plate 120 near the first grinding wheel 230 is a second arcuate segment coaxial with the second grinding wheel 320, increasing the area of ​​compression of the second grinding wheel 320 against the roots on the second conveyor plate 120. The end of the first conveyor belt 220 near the first conveyor plate 110 is higher than the end near the cutting wheel 210, and the end near the first conveyor plate 110 is higher than the first conveyor plate 110. An end of the second conveyor belt 340 close to the second conveyor plate 120 is higher than an end close to the root digging wheel 310 , and an end close to the second conveyor plate 120 is higher than the second conveyor plate 120 .

[0045] In this embodiment, two material guide plates 150 are further provided in the outer shell 100. The two material guide plates 150 are located on the upper side of the second conveyor belt 340, and guide the roots and soil on the second conveyor belt 340 to fall to the second material conveying plate 120 in the middle of the axial direction of the second rolling wheel 320, so as to prevent the rolling cylinder 322 of the second rolling wheel 320 from not rolling the roots into place when it moves back and forth along its axial direction.

[0046] In this embodiment, the housing 100 is provided with a first discharge port 130 and a second discharge port 140. Both the first discharge port 130 and the second discharge port 140 are flared and located behind the housing 100 in the direction of travel. The first discharge port 130 communicates with the top of the first feed plate 110; the second discharge port 140 is located below the first discharge port 130 and communicates with the top of the second feed plate 120. Along the direction of travel of the housing 100, the discharge position of the second discharge port 140 is located behind the discharge position of the first discharge port 130. Fans are installed in both the first and second discharge ports 130, 140, to disperse and eject the stems, roots, and soil.

[0047] In this embodiment, there are two first discharge ports 130 , which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the first chopping wheel 250 , and the second discharge port 140 is located below and in the middle of the two first discharge ports 130 .

[0048] When using the straw returning device of the present invention, the outer shell 100 needs to be installed on a movable mechanical device, and the mechanical device is used to drive the outer shell 100 to move, and the first motor 160 and the second motor (not shown in the figure) are started. The first motor 160 drives the cutting wheel 210, the root digging wheel 310, the first conveyor belt 220 and the second conveyor belt 340 to rotate, and the second motor drives the first grinding wheel 230, the tearing wheel 240, the first chopping wheel 250, the second grinding wheel 320 and the second chopping wheel 330 to rotate, and the rotation directions of the first motor 160 and the second motor are opposite.

[0049] When the cutting wheel 210 rotates, it cuts off the stem of the straw and brings the stem to the first conveyor belt 220 as it rotates. The first conveyor belt 220 sends the stem to the first feed plate 110. When the first grinding wheel 230 rotates, it grinds the stem on the first feed plate 110. Since the first feed plate 110 is inclined and the first grinding wheel 230 tends to push the stem toward the shredding wheel 240 when it rotates, the flattened stem moves to the lower side of the shredding wheel 240. When the shredding wheel 240 rotates, the first roller needle 244 and the second roller needle 245 of the same tearing group penetrate into the stem. The first roller needle 244 penetrates into the stem to fix it, and the second roller needle 245 moves back and forth along the axial direction of the roller shaft 241 with the sliding rod 242 to tear the stem, thereby destroying the fiber structure of the stem in the circumferential direction. The torn rod portion moves to the lower side of the first shredding wheel 250 under the action of the inclined first conveying plate 110 and the rotation of the shredding wheel 240 , and the first shredding wheel 250 cuts and shreds the rod portion.

[0050] As the digging wheel 310 rotates, it excavates the roots of the straw, carrying some soil with it. The roots and the soil they carry are then conveyed to the second conveyor belt 340. The second conveyor belt 340 then conveys the roots and soil to the second feed plate 120. The crushing drum 322 of the second grinding wheel 320 reciprocates along the axis of the core shaft 321 as it rotates, improving the crushing effect on the roots and reducing the chance of soil clumping. Because the second feed plate 120 is tilted and the second grinding wheel 320 rotates, it tends to push the roots and soil toward the second chopping wheel 330. This causes the crushed roots and soil to move to the underside of the second chopping wheel 330, where they are shredded as the second chopping wheel 330 rotates.

[0051] The crushed roots and soil on the second conveying plate 120 are discharged from the second discharge port 140, and the crushed rods on the first conveying plate 110 are discharged from the first discharge port 130. The first discharge port 130 is closer to the front than the second discharge port 140, and the rods will be discharged before the roots, so that the crushed roots and soil discharged from the second discharge port 140 cover the crushed rods. Since the roots and soil are heavy and dense, they help to fix the rods to prevent them from being blown away by the wind, and help to reduce water erosion, avoiding the rods from being washed away by water after heavy rainfall; further, the rods are covered under the soil and roots, and the moisture in the soil can further promote the decomposition of the rods.

[0052] A method for using a straw returning device, applicable to the above-mentioned straw returning device, comprises the following steps:

[0053] S10, installing the housing 100 on a movable mechanical device, and using the mechanical device to drive the housing 100 to move;

[0054] S20, the cutting wheel 210 and the root digging wheel 310 are started to rotate, respectively harvesting the stem and root of the straw, and sending the stem to the first conveyor plate 110, and sending the root and soil to the second conveyor plate 120; the first grinding wheel 230, the shredding wheel 240 and the first chopping wheel 250 are started to grind, tear and crush the stem, respectively, and the second grinding wheel 320 and the second chopping wheel 330 are started to grind and crush the root, respectively;

[0055] S30, discharging the crushed stems and roots, and covering the crushed roots and soil carried by the roots on the crushed stems.

[0056] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw returning equipment, characterized by: It includes an outer shell, a cutting wheel, a first grinding wheel, a shredding wheel and a first chopping wheel; a first feed plate is installed in the outer shell for receiving the stems of the straw harvested by the cutting wheel, and the axes of the first grinding wheel, the shredding wheel and the first chopping wheel are horizontal and parallel and are installed in sequence above the first feed plate in the outer shell; the stems are successively crushed by the first grinding wheel, torn by the shredding wheel and crushed by the first chopping wheel and then discharged from the outer shell; the shredding wheel includes a roller shaft, a sliding rod and a synchronous ring, the roller shaft is rotatably installed in the outer shell and a plurality of rows of first roller needles are arranged around the outer shell in an axially spaced manner; there are multiple sliding rods, which are distributed circumferentially around the roller shaft and all slide along the axial direction of the roller shaft The cam is mounted on the roller shaft, and a plurality of second needle rollers are arranged on the sliding rod along the axial direction of the roller shaft; the sliding rod and the roller shaft are matched through a keyway along the axial direction of the roller shaft, and the second needle roller and the first needle roller both extend radially along the roller shaft, so that the sliding rod can slide axially relative to the roller shaft and rotate synchronously with the roller shaft, and the ends of the second needle roller and the first needle roller away from the central axis of the roller shaft are located on the same circumferential surface of the roller shaft, and one end of the plurality of sliding rods is connected by a synchronous ring coaxial with the roller shaft; the second needle roller on each sliding rod and a row of first needle rollers outside the adjacent roller shaft form a tearing group, and the sliding rod rotates synchronously with the roller shaft and moves back and forth along the axial direction of the roller shaft. The first needle roller of the same tearing group presses the rod part while the second needle roller reciprocates the tearing rod part; one end of the roller shaft is fixedly connected to a push wheel, and the end surface of the push wheel close to the roller shaft is a wave surface; a push rod is installed on the synchronous ring to rotate around its circumference, and the push rod is parallel to the roller shaft and is installed on the shell along its axial direction and is restricted by the shell in rotation; a boss is fixed on the push rod, and a first elastic member is provided between the boss and the shell, and the first elastic member causes the push rod to abut against the wave surface of the push wheel, and the push rod reciprocates along its axial direction under the joint action of the first elastic member and the push wheel, and then drives the sliding rod to reciprocate through the synchronous ring; it also includes digging roots The outer shell is provided with a first discharge port and a second discharge port, and the discharge position of the second discharge port is located at the rear side of the discharge position of the first discharge port along the moving direction of the outer shell, and the first discharge port and the second discharge port are located at the rear side of the moving direction of the outer shell, the first discharge port is communicated with the upper part of the first discharge port, and the second discharge port is located below the first discharge port and communicated with the upper part of the second discharge port.

2. The straw returning equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root digging wheel is parallel to the cutting wheel and is located at the rear side of the cutting wheel along the traveling direction of the shell; the axes of the second grinding wheel and the second chopping wheel are both horizontal and parallel and are both installed above the second conveying plate.

3. The straw returning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first conveyor belt is installed in the shell, and the first conveyor belt is used to convey the stems of the straw harvested by the cutting wheel to the first conveying plate.

4. The straw returning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second rolling wheel includes a core shaft and a rolling cylinder. The core shaft is rotatably installed on the outer shell, and the rolling cylinder is coaxially sleeved on the core shaft and can rotate synchronously with the core shaft and move axially relative to the core shaft; a top wheel is fixed to one end of the core shaft, and the end face of the top wheel close to the core shaft is a wavy surface; a push rod is installed at one end of the rolling cylinder, the push rod is parallel to the core shaft, and slides circumferentially with the end face of the rolling cylinder around the rolling cylinder; the push rod is slidably installed on the outer shell along its axial direction and is restricted from rotation by the outer shell; a baffle is fixed to the outside of the push rod, and a second elastic member is provided between the baffle and the outer shell, and the second elastic member causes the push rod to abut against the wavy surface of the end face of the top wheel; the push rod moves back and forth along its axial direction under the joint action of the second elastic member and the top wheel, thereby driving the rolling cylinder to move back and forth along its axial direction.

5. The straw returning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first conveying plate and the second conveying plate are both inclined, with the side of the first conveying plate close to the first grinding wheel higher than the side close to the first chopping wheel, and the side of the second conveying plate close to the second grinding wheel higher than the side close to the second chopping wheel.

6. The straw returning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: A second conveyor belt is also provided in the shell, and is used for conveying the roots and soil dug out by the root digging wheel to the second conveying plate.

7. The straw returning equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first discharge port and the second discharge port are both flared.

8. The straw returning equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: There are two first discharge ports, which are spaced apart along the axial direction of the first chopping wheel, and the second discharge port is located below the middle of the two first discharge ports.

9. A method for using a straw returning device, applicable to the straw returning device according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S10, installing the housing on a movable mechanical device, and using the mechanical device to drive the housing to move; S20, starting the cutting wheel and the rooting wheel to rotate, respectively harvesting the stem and root of the straw, and sending the stem to the first conveyor plate, and sending the root and soil to the second conveyor plate; and starting the first grinding wheel, the shredding wheel and the first chopping wheel to grind, tear and crush the stem, respectively, and starting the second grinding wheel and the second chopping wheel to grind and crush the root, respectively; S30, discharging the crushed stems and roots, and covering the crushed roots and soil carried by the roots on the crushed stems.

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