Gas-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of tunnel fire prevention and control, and particularly discloses a gas-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device which comprises water curtain nozzles and a water distribution pipe, the water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of a tunnel, the tunnel is divided into a plurality of smoke control subareas, the water curtain nozzles and the water distribution pipe are arranged at the junctions of the smoke control subareas, and the width of a water curtain is not smaller than 6 m. Within the whole width range of the water curtain, the water curtain nozzles and the water distribution pipes are arranged into a plurality of rows, the distance between every two adjacent rows is 2-4 m, the horizontal distance between the water curtain nozzles is 2-3 m, the height between the water curtain nozzles and the ground is not larger than 8 m, the distance between a water splashing disc of each water curtain nozzle and the top of a tunnel is 100-200 mm, and a flow adjusting valve is arranged on each water distribution pipe. The water flow in the water distribution pipe is adjusted according to the size of a fire, and the air curtains are clamped between the water curtains. Through accurate water curtain nozzle arrangement, reasonable water distribution pipe design and efficient water flow regulation and control, continuity and uniform distribution of the water curtain are ensured, and effective control and isolation of fire smoke are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of prevention and control of tunnel fires, and specifically relates to a gas-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device. Background Art

[0002] Road tunnels and highway tunnels are key components of urban three-dimensional transportation. They play an important role in saving urban traffic space, alleviating traffic pressure, and shortening the intercity distance. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, more and more urban roads and highway tunnels are being constructed and put into use. However, tunnel fires, as a major safety hazard among them, their effective control and management have become an important topic to ensure the safe operation of tunnels.

[0003] One of the main hazards of tunnel fires is the fire smoke. The structural characteristics of tunnels, such as long distances, narrow spaces, and limited exits, cause the smoke generated during a fire to spread rapidly in the tunnel, resulting in reduced visibility and the accumulation of toxic gases, seriously threatening the safety and health of drivers and passengers. Therefore, effectively controlling and managing tunnel fire smoke has become an urgent problem to be solved. Currently, the fire protection systems in tunnels usually include automatic water sprinkler systems, water spray systems, or fire hydrants, etc. These systems have certain effects in controlling initial fires or small-scale fires, but in complex fire scenarios, especially when effective control of smoke spread is required, their effects are limited. This is mainly because the design of the water curtain system mainly focuses on simple sprinkler functions, without fully considering the optimization of the water curtain device and the improvement of the overall system efficiency. The water curtains in the prior art lack professional design, resulting in random parameter settings of the water curtain pipes and water curtain nozzles, and unable to effectively meet the tunnel fire protection requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an optimized water curtain device specifically designed for the tunnel environment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above defects or requirements for improvement in the prior art solutions, the present invention provides a gas-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device. The water curtain device is specially designed to adapt to the unique environment in the tunnel. By precisely controlling parameters such as the water curtain width, nozzle arrangement, spraying intensity, and spraying angle, it can not only control fires more effectively but also effectively limit the spread of smoke.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: An air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device, comprising a water curtain nozzle and a water distribution pipe. The water distribution pipe includes a water distribution branch pipe and a spray pipe. The spray pipe is arranged at the top of the tunnel. The tunnel is divided into multiple smoke control zones. The water curtain nozzle and the water distribution pipe are arranged at the junction of the smoke control zones. The water curtain nozzle is arranged on the spray pipe to spray and form a water curtain. The width of the water curtain is not less than 6m. Within the entire width range of the water curtain, the water curtain nozzles and the spray pipe are arranged in several rows, and the distance between adjacent rows is 2-4m, and the horizontal distance between the water curtain nozzles is 2-3m. The height of the water curtain nozzle from the ground is not higher than 8m. The splash plate of the water curtain nozzle is 100-200mm away from the top of the tunnel. A flow regulating valve is arranged on the water distribution branch pipe to adjust the water flow in the water distribution pipe according to the size of the fire. The air curtain of the air-water curtain flexible partition is clamped between the water curtains.

[0006] The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device of the present invention includes a water curtain nozzle and a water distribution pipe. These components are all arranged at the top of the tunnel. The spray pipe of the water distribution pipe is arranged at the top of the tunnel, and the water curtain nozzles are installed on these pipes. The tunnel is divided into multiple smoke control zones, and water curtain nozzles and water distribution pipes are arranged at the junction of each zone. This arrangement helps to quickly and effectively isolate each zone in case of a fire, thereby restricting the spread of smoke and fire. The width of the water curtain is designed to be not less than 6 meters to ensure sufficient coverage. The water curtain nozzles and the spray pipe are arranged in several rows, with a distance of 2 to 4 meters between each row, and the horizontal distance between the water curtain nozzles is 2 to 3 meters. This arrangement ensures the uniform distribution and continuity of the water curtain. The height of the water curtain nozzle from the ground is not higher than 8 meters, and the distance between the splash plate of the nozzle and the top of the tunnel is 100 to 200 millimeters. Such a design aims to optimize the spraying effect of the water curtain while avoiding damage to the tunnel structure. A flow regulating valve is arranged on the water distribution pipe, allowing the water flow to be adjusted according to the size of the fire, which ensures that the water curtain can provide appropriate protection in different types and scales of fires. In addition, a key feature of the present invention is that the air curtain is clamped between the water curtains. This combination uses the partition functions of gas and water, not only enhancing the smoke isolation effect but also improving the flexibility and adaptability of the entire system.

[0007] Preferably, the pressure of the water curtain nozzle is not less than 0.1MPa, and the water spraying intensity of the water curtain is not less than 2L / (s·m).

[0008] Preferably, the water curtain nozzles and the spray pipe are in three rows, and the distance between adjacent rows is 3m, and the horizontal distance between the water curtain nozzles is 2.5m.

[0009] Preferably, the distance between the splash plate of the water curtain nozzle and the top of the tunnel is 150mm.

[0010] Preferably, the working pressure of the water distribution pipe is not greater than 1.20 MPa.

[0011] Preferably, the spraying angle of the water curtain nozzle is between 30° and 45°, and the spraying speed is between 20 m / s and 30 m / s.

[0012] Preferably, the continuous water spraying time of the water curtain is not less than the fire resistance limit requirement of the setting position of the water curtain device.

[0013] Preferably, the water distribution branch pipe is connected to the water distribution loop pipe, the water distribution loop pipe is arranged in the top space of the maintenance passage or evacuation passage inside the tunnel, and one side of the water distribution loop pipe is arranged on the left line of the tunnel, and the other side is arranged on the right line of the tunnel.

[0014] Preferably, the water distribution branch pipe and the spray pipe are made of seamless steel pipes, and the connection between them is detachable. A stainless steel spherical filter screen is arranged at the joint of the water distribution branch pipe and the spray pipe.

[0015] Preferably, the stainless steel spherical filter screen is movably arranged at the joint of the water distribution pipe. When the spray pipe is disassembled, the stainless steel spherical filter screen can automatically fall off under the action of gravity. When the spray pipe is connected to the water distribution branch pipe, the stainless steel spherical filter screen is clamped between the two to keep fixed.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0017] (1) In the present invention, the design of the water curtain nozzle takes into account the optimal horizontal distance between nozzles, the reasonable height from the ground, and the appropriate distance from the tunnel top, etc. Such fine-tuned parameter design ensures that the water curtain forms a uniform and continuous barrier during spraying, effectively improving the fire prevention effect. The water curtain nozzles are arranged in a specific pattern, making the entire system produce a synergistic effect during operation, enhancing the continuity and stability of the water curtain, and thus more effectively blocking the spread of fire and smoke in case of a fire.

[0018] (2) The design of the water distribution pipe takes into account the special environment of the tunnel and the reasonable layout of the pipe in the top space of the tunnel. These parameters enable the water distribution pipe to provide efficient and stable water supply in the tunnel. The coordinated layout of the water distribution pipe and the water curtain nozzle ensures the effective operation of the entire system in different areas of the tunnel, especially at the junction of the smoke control zones, enhancing the overall performance of the tunnel fire protection.

[0019] (3) The stainless steel spherical filter screen is arranged at the joint of the water distribution pipe to filter impurities in the water and protect the nozzles from clogging, thus ensuring the long-term stable operation of the water curtain system. The movable setting of the filter screen enables the filter screen to automatically fall off under the action of gravity when the water distribution pipe is disassembled, simplifying the maintenance and replacement process. When the water distribution pipe is connected, the clamping design of the filter screen keeps it fixed, increasing the reliability and convenience of the system. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal pipeline layout of a tunnel shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic plan view of the internal pipeline layout of a tunnel shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain pipeline system shown in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic connection diagram of the water distribution branch pipe and the spray pipe in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0024] Description of the reference numerals: 1 - water curtain nozzle, 2 - water distribution pipe, 21 - water distribution branch pipe, 22 - spray pipe, 3 - tunnel, 4 - smoke control zone, 5 - flow regulating valve, 6 - water distribution loop pipe, 7 - stainless steel spherical filter, 8 - stop piece 1, 9 - stop piece 2. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0025] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the present invention.

[0026] In addition, the described features, structures or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, many specific details are provided to give a full understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present application can be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. can be adopted. In other cases, well-known methods, devices, implementations or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring various aspects of the present application.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 1-2, this embodiment provides an air - water curtain flexible partition water curtain device. The system aims to improve the smoke control efficiency and safety in the case of tunnel fires. This embodiment provides an air - water curtain flexible partition water curtain device, mainly including a water curtain sprinkler 1 and a water distribution pipe 2. This device is particularly suitable for tunnel environments and is used to effectively control and partition the smoke and flames generated during a fire. The water distribution pipe 2 includes a water distribution branch pipe 21 and a spray pipe 22. The spray pipe 22 is installed on the top of the tunnel 3 and extends along the length direction of the tunnel 3. This layout ensures the uniform distribution and efficient supply of water sources. The tunnel is divided into multiple smoke control zones 4, and water curtain sprinklers 1 and water distribution pipes 2 are provided at the junction of each zone. Such a layout helps to quickly partition different areas during a fire and control the spread of smoke and fire. The water curtain sprinkler 1 is installed on the water distribution pipe 2, and the layout ensures that the width of the water curtain is not less than 6 meters. Within the entire width range of the water curtain, the water curtain sprinklers 1 and the spray pipes 22 are arranged in several rows to ensure the continuity and coverage of the water curtain. The spacing between adjacent rows is set to 2 to 4 meters, and the horizontal distance between the water curtain sprinklers 1 is 2 to 3 meters, ensuring the uniform distribution of the water curtain. The installation height of the water curtain sprinkler 1 is not higher than 8 meters, and the distance between the splash plate of the water curtain sprinkler 1 and the top of the tunnel 3 is maintained between 100 and 200 millimeters. This design helps to optimize the formation and distribution of the water curtain. A flow regulating valve 5 is provided on the water distribution branch pipe 21, allowing the water flow to be adjusted according to the scale of the fire. This design provides flexibility, enabling the system to adapt to different degrees of fire situations. To enhance the partition effect, an air curtain is sandwiched between the water curtains. This design combines the partition advantages of gas and water, effectively improving the smoke and fire prevention effects.

[0028] When a fire occurs in the tunnel, the air - water curtain flexible partition water curtain device is quickly activated, and a continuous and stable water curtain is formed by spraying through the water curtain sprinkler 1. The width and density of the water curtain are carefully designed to effectively partition the spread of flames and smoke. The flow regulating valve 5 on the water distribution pipe 2 adjusts the water flow according to the fire situation, ensuring the effectiveness and adaptability of the water curtain. At the same time, the addition of the air curtain further enhances the partition effect.

[0029] In some embodiments, the working pressure of the water curtain sprinkler 1 is designed to be not less than 0.1 MPa. This pressure level is sufficient to ensure the formation of a continuous and uniform water barrier throughout the tunnel area, effectively isolating flames and smoke. The water spraying intensity of the water curtain sprinkler 1 is set to be not less than 2 L / (s·m), which means that at least 2 liters of water can be sprayed per second per meter width of the water curtain. Such a spraying intensity can provide sufficient water volume to cover and protect key areas in the tunnel, while effectively reducing the temperature of the fire and controlling the spread of smoke.

[0030] The setting of these technical parameters enables the water curtain sprinkler 1 to respond quickly in case of fire, forming an efficient and stable fireproof barrier. Through the combined action of the high pressure and high water spraying intensity of the sprinkler, the coverage area and protection effect of the water curtain are improved, especially showing its advantages in controlling large-scale fires and smoke diffusion. In addition, the optimization of these parameters also takes into account the energy efficiency of the system and the reliability of long-term operation.

[0031] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 , the water curtain sprinkler 1 and the spray pipe 22 are arranged in three rows. This three-row arrangement can provide a wider coverage area, ensuring the formation of a continuous and uniform water curtain across the entire width of the tunnel, effectively isolating the flame and smoke. The spacing between adjacent rows is set to be 2 to 4 meters, preferably 3 meters. This spacing range not only ensures the continuity of the water curtain but also avoids waste of water resources, ensuring effective coverage in different areas of the tunnel. The horizontal distance between the water curtain sprinklers 1 is uniformly set to be 2.5 meters. Such a distance setting helps to achieve uniform distribution of the water curtain, while enhancing the flexibility and adaptability of the entire system, especially when dealing with fires of different scales and types.

[0032] This arrangement of the water curtain sprinkler 1 and the spray pipe 22 is particularly suitable for environments such as large tunnels with long distances and narrow spaces. Its arrangement takes into account the requirements of these special structures. Therefore, this technical solution can provide effective protection in various tunnel fire scenarios, enhancing safety and reliability.

[0033] In some embodiments, the distance between the splash plate and the top of the tunnel 3 is 150 millimeters. This distance is determined through calculation and experiment, being close enough to ensure the effectiveness and uniformity of water curtain spraying, and far enough to avoid damage to the top structure of the tunnel 3. When water is sprayed out from the water curtain sprinkler 1 through the splash plate, it can be more evenly distributed, forming a continuous and effective water curtain barrier.

[0034] In some embodiments, the working pressure of the distribution pipe 2 is specifically set to not be greater than 1.20 MPa. Setting 1.20 MPa as the maximum working pressure of the distribution pipe is based on various considerations. This pressure level is sufficient to ensure the formation of an effective water curtain barrier in the tunnel, while also avoiding potential pipe damage or system failures caused by excessive pressure.

[0035] In some embodiments, the spraying angle of the water curtain nozzle 1 is set between 30° and 45°. This angle range can ensure that the water curtain covers a sufficient area while preventing the water flow from directly impacting the tunnel wall or equipment, avoiding possible damage. The spraying speed of the water curtain nozzle 1 is set between 20m / s and 30m / s. This speed range not only ensures that the water curtain can quickly reach the target area and cover the entire tunnel width, but also helps the water curtain form fine water droplets in the air, improving its effect in fire extinguishing and smoke control. In addition, the continuous spraying time of the water curtain is designed to be not less than the fire resistance limit requirement of the installation location of the water curtain device. This means that the water curtain can continuously operate during a fire until it exceeds the required fire resistance time for this area. This design ensures that in extreme fire situations, the water curtain can continuously and effectively operate, providing lasting fire protection and smoke control, thereby protecting the tunnel structure and ensuring personnel safety.

[0036] Please refer to Figure 3 , in the above embodiments, the distribution branch pipe 21 is connected to the distribution loop pipe 6. The distribution loop pipe 6 is arranged in the overhead space of the tunnel internal maintenance passage or evacuation passage. The advantage of this layout design is that it does not interfere with the basic structure and use of the tunnel, and at the same time is convenient for daily inspection and maintenance. Especially when it is located at the top of the tunnel, automatic spraying can be realized under the action of gravity.

[0037] In addition, one side of the distribution loop pipe 6 is arranged on the left line of the tunnel, and the other side is arranged on the right line of the tunnel. The distribution loop pipe 6 is arranged along the left and right lines of the tunnel. Such a layout can achieve an effective circulation with the water source. This circulating layout has multiple advantages. First, it ensures a uniform distribution of water pressure and water flow throughout the length of the tunnel. No matter where a fire occurs in the tunnel, the water curtain can be quickly and evenly deployed. Second, this arrangement improves the reliability of the system. Even if a part of the loop fails, the other parts can still maintain normal operation, ensuring continuous water supply for the water curtain device. Through the cooperation of the loop with the left and right lines of the tunnel, the water supply system can effectively maintain a stable water flow supply. In the event of a fire, this stable water flow supply is crucial for quickly controlling the fire and smoke. In addition, this design also helps to reduce the pressure loss of the water flow during long-distance transportation, thereby maintaining the optimal working state of the water curtain device.

[0038] In the above embodiments, both the distribution pipe 2 and the distribution loop pipe 6 are made of seamless steel pipes. Seamless steel pipes are selected because of their high strength, corrosion resistance and durability, and are suitable for long-term use in environments such as tunnels. A detachable connection method is adopted between the distribution branch pipe 21 and the spray pipe 22 of the distribution pipe 2. This design makes the operation simpler and faster when maintenance or pipe replacement is required, while maintaining the integrity and safety of the system.

[0039] In addition, a stainless-steel spherical filter screen 7 is provided at the joint between the water distribution branch pipe 21 and the spray pipe 22 of the water distribution pipe 2. This filter screen is designed to prevent impurities from entering the nozzle, avoid blockage, and ensure the normal operation of the water curtain system. The spherical design has a better filtering effect. The water distribution branch pipe 21 and the spray pipe 22 can be connected by threads or other means. The stainless-steel spherical filter screen 7 is movably arranged at the joint of the water distribution pipe 2. When the water distribution pipe 2 is disassembled, the stainless-steel spherical filter screen 7 can automatically fall off under the action of gravity. The replacement operation of this filter screen is convenient and the disassembly and assembly are simple. As an independent component, the filter screen will not cause mechanical damage to the joint and the water distribution pipe during disassembly and assembly. When the spray pipe 22 of the water distribution pipe 2 is reconnected to the water distribution branch pipe 21, a first stop piece 8 and a second stop piece 9 are respectively arranged on the spray pipe 22 and the water distribution branch pipe 21. The stainless-steel spherical filter screen 7 can be clamped between the two to keep it fixed. No additional locking device is required. It can be reliably fixed during use to prevent falling off and ensure a stable filtering function.

[0040] The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device provided by the present invention effectively improves the efficiency and safety of dealing with tunnel fires through a series of innovative designs. This system comprehensively considers the particularity of the tunnel environment. Through precise water curtain nozzle arrangement, reasonable water distribution pipe design, and efficient water flow regulation, it ensures the continuity and uniform distribution of the water curtain, realizes effective control and isolation of fire smoke, and thus protects the safety of personnel and structures in the tunnel. In addition, the selection of seamless steel pipe material for the water distribution pipe and its detachable connection design, combined with the movable setting of the stainless-steel spherical filter screen, not only improves the reliability and durability of the entire system, but also greatly simplifies the maintenance and cleaning process and reduces the long-term operation and maintenance costs.

[0041] In summary, the air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device of the present invention is a comprehensive solution designed for tunnel fire protection. It not only solves the problem of smoke control in traditional fire protection systems, but also greatly improves the ability to deal with tunnel fires and the overall performance of the system through its efficient, reliable and easy-to-maintain design.

[0042] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them; under the idea of the present invention, the technical features in the above embodiments or different embodiments can also be combined, and the steps can be implemented in any order, and there are many other changes in different aspects of the present invention as described above. For the sake of brevity, they are not provided in detail; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gas-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device, comprising a water curtain nozzle (1) and a water distribution pipe (2). The water distribution pipe (2) includes a water distribution branch pipe (21) and a spray pipe (22). The spray pipe (22) is arranged at the top of the tunnel (3). The tunnel (3) is divided into multiple smoke control zones (4). The water curtain nozzle (1) and the water distribution pipe (2) are arranged at the junction of the smoke control zones. The water curtain nozzle (1) is arranged on the spray pipe (22) to spray and form a water curtain, characterized in that: The width of the water curtain is not less than 6 m. Within the entire width range of the water curtain, the water curtain nozzles (1) and the spray pipes (22) are arranged in several rows, and the spacing between adjacent rows is 2 - 4 m. The horizontal distance between the water curtain nozzles (1) is 2 - 3 m. The height of the water curtain nozzles (1) from the ground is not higher than 8 m. The distance between the splash plate of the water curtain nozzles (1) and the tunnel top is 100 - 200 mm. A flow regulating valve (5) is provided on the water distribution branch pipe (21) to adjust the water flow in the water distribution pipe (2) according to the size of the fire. The air curtain of the air - water curtain flexible partition is clamped between the water curtains.

2. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 1, wherein: The pressure of the water curtain nozzles (1) is not less than 0.1 MPa, and the water spraying intensity of the water curtain is not less than 2 L / (s·m).

3. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water curtain nozzles (1) and the spray pipes (22) are arranged in three rows, and the spacing between adjacent rows is 3 m. The horizontal distance between the water curtain nozzles (1) is 2.5 m.

4. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between the splash plate of the water curtain nozzles (1) and the top of the tunnel (3) is 150 mm.

5. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working pressure of the water distribution pipe (2) is not greater than 1.20 MPa.

6. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying angle of the water curtain nozzles (1) is between 30° and 45°, and the spraying speed is between 20 m / s and 30 m / s.

7. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The continuous water spraying time of the water curtain is not less than the fire resistance limit requirement of the installation location of the water curtain device.

8. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The water distribution branch pipe (21) is connected to the water distribution loop pipe (6). The water distribution loop pipe is arranged in the top space of the maintenance passage or evacuation passage inside the tunnel. One side of the water distribution loop pipe is arranged on the left line of the tunnel, and the other side is arranged on the right line of the tunnel.

9. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The water distribution branch pipe (21) and the spray pipe (22) are made of seamless steel pipes, and the connection between them is detachable. A stainless - steel spherical filter screen (7) is provided at the joint of the water distribution branch pipe (21) and the spray pipe (22).

10. The air-water curtain flexible partition water curtain device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The stainless - steel spherical filter screen (7) is movably arranged at the joint of the water distribution pipe (2). When the spray pipe (22) is disassembled, the stainless - steel spherical filter screen can automatically fall off under the action of gravity. When the spray pipe (22) is connected to the water distribution branch pipe (21), the stainless - steel spherical filter screen (7) is clamped between them to keep fixed.

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