Hydrogen production system and method based on manganese-based thermochemical cycle

Abstract

A heliostat field is used for heating a high-temperature aerosol reactor to a set temperature range, micro-nano particles of manganese-based oxide are input into a feeding port of the high-temperature aerosol reactor, a discharging port of the high-temperature aerosol reactor is communicated with a feeding port of an adiabatic reactor through a first discharging valve, and the adiabatic reactor is communicated with a second discharging valve through a second discharging valve. Nitrogen is introduced into the nitrogen inlet, the gas outlet is communicated with a hot end inlet of the heat exchanger, and a cold end outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with a gas inlet of the adiabatic reactor; a discharge port of the adiabatic reactor is communicated with an inlet of the separator, the separator is used for solid-gas separation, an outlet of the separator is divided into two paths, one path is communicated with the hydrogen collector, and the other path is communicated with a feed port of the high-temperature aerosol reactor through a second discharge valve. According to the invention, cyclic utilization of reaction particles in the hydrogen production process is realized, the reaction speed is accelerated, and the conversion rate is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of thermochemical hydrogen production, and particularly to a hydrogen production system and method based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle. Background Art

[0002] Searching for new energy sources with rich reserves, cleanliness, and safety is an important guarantee for promoting the energy revolution, building a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy system, and improving the energy supply guarantee capacity. At the same time, it is also the most challenging topic faced by researchers. Hydrogen has rich reserves, is clean and pollution-free, and its unit calorific value is three times that of gasoline. It is the most potential ideal energy source. The development of hydrogen energy needs to solve three key problems, namely the production, storage and transportation, and combustion of hydrogen. In terms of hydrogen production methods, approximately 50% comes from steam reforming of natural gas, 30% comes from heavy oil reforming, and 18% comes from coal gasification. When hydrogen is used as an energy source, its demand is very large, and a green and economical hydrogen production method must be sought. Using metal oxide thermochemical hydrogen production has great practical significance, but this is a very difficult research topic, and a large number of theoretical and engineering technical problems need to be solved.

[0003] In recent years, the rapidly developing thermochemical cycle technology has skipped the step of hydrogen and oxygen separation. The specific process is as follows: in the first step, a high-temperature heat source is used to decompose a metal oxide into a metal element and oxygen; in the second step, the metal element reacts with high-temperature water vapor to generate a metal oxide and hydrogen. It is reported in the literature that oxides such as ZnO, FeO, TiO, and CoO can be used for this thermochemical cycle. For example, the thermochemical cycle constructed by the ZnO / Zn redox reaction can solve the explosion problem that may occur due to the contact of hydrogen and oxygen at high temperatures, as well as the two-step thermochemical water decomposition cycle of manganese oxide and solar thermal energy to produce hydrogen. For the above hydrogen production methods, the reaction temperature is high, the hydrogen yield is low, and the material needs to be resistant to high temperature and corrosion. Although specific research has been carried out on each step of the reaction, there is very little research on the overall hydrogen production of manganese-based oxides in the literature, and the thermochemical cycle hydrogen production devices composed of manganese-based oxides at home and abroad are not yet mature. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention proposes a hydrogen production system and method based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle, which has a low reaction temperature, easily available and inexpensive raw materials, a simple process, a high hydrogen yield, and simultaneously couples metal oxide micro-nanoparticles and solar photothermal chemical water splitting for hydrogen production.

[0005] The specific technical solutions are as follows:

[0006] A hydrogen production system based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle includes: a heliostat field, a high-temperature aerosol reactor, a first discharge valve, an adiabatic reactor, a separator, a second discharge valve, and a heat exchanger;

[0007] The heliostat field is used to heat the high-temperature aerosol reactor to a set temperature range. The inlet of the high-temperature aerosol reactor inputs micronano particles of manganese-based oxide, and the outlet is connected to the inlet of the adiabatic reactor through a first discharge valve; the outlet of the adiabatic reactor is connected to the inlet of the separator. The separator is used for solid-gas separation, and its outlet is divided into two paths. One path is connected to the hydrogen collector, and the other path is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature aerosol reactor through a second discharge valve; nitrogen is introduced into the nitrogen inlet of the high-temperature aerosol reactor, and the outlet gas is connected to the hot-end inlet of the heat exchanger. The cold-end outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the adiabatic reactor;

[0008] The high-temperature aerosol reactor includes: a reaction particle flow channel, a primary heating component, a secondary heating component, a tertiary heating component, and a heat-insulating layer; the reaction particle flow channel sequentially includes a first preheating pipe section, a second preheating pipe section, and a reaction pipe section along the particle movement direction. Temperature sensors are arranged on the inner walls of each pipe section; a particle inlet and a nitrogen inlet are arranged on the inlet end face of the first preheating pipe section, and a particle outlet and an outlet gas port are arranged on the outlet end face of the reaction pipe section; the primary heating component includes a heat-conducting oil chamber coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the first preheating pipe section. Heat-conducting oil is circulated and filled in the heat-conducting oil chamber. A heat-conducting oil inlet is opened at one end, and a heat-conducting oil outlet is opened at the opposite end; the heliostat field irradiates the outer peripheral surface of the shell of the heat-conducting oil chamber; the secondary heating component is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the second preheating pipe section, and a heat-insulating layer is arranged outside it; the tertiary heating component is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the reaction pipe section, and a heat-insulating layer is arranged outside it.

[0009] Further, the secondary heating component includes an electromagnetic heating coil. The electromagnetic heating coil is uniformly wound around the outer periphery of the second preheating pipe section and is electrically connected to the control end; the electromagnetic heating coil adjusts the heating temperature under the control of the control end.

[0010] Further, the tertiary heating component includes a plurality of graphite heating rods. The graphite heating rods parallel to the axis are uniformly arranged on the outer periphery of the reaction pipe section. The graphite heating rods are electrically connected to the control end and adjust the heating temperature under the control of the control end.

[0011] Further, graphite heating rods parallel to the axis are also uniformly arranged inside the reaction pipe section and are electrically connected to the control end.

[0012] Further, the first preheating pipe section, the second preheating pipe section, and the reaction pipe section are integrally cast sliding-cast alumina protection pipes; the heat-insulating layer is made of graphite felt with a carbon content ≥ 99% and an ash content ≤ 0.1%.

[0013] Further, the heat exchanger adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The high-temperature gas output by the high-temperature aerosol reactor is input into the heat exchanger from the hot-end inlet, flows through the shell side, and is output from the hot-end outlet after heat exchange; the liquid water input from the cold-end inlet flows through the tube side, and the water vapor after heat exchange is output from the cold-end outlet.

[0014] Further, the manganese-based oxide includes lanthanum manganate or manganese sesquioxide.

[0015] A hydrogen production method based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle, implemented according to the hydrogen production system based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle, includes the following steps:

[0016] S1: Arrange the hydrogen production system based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle as required, start the heliostat field, make it reflect sunlight, and irradiate the outer peripheral surface of the housing of the primary heating component of the high-temperature aerosol reactor; introduce heat transfer oil and make it circulate in the heat transfer oil chamber; meanwhile, the secondary heating component and the tertiary heating component start to heat up.

[0017] S2: According to the temperature feedback by the temperature sensor, when the temperature in the corresponding pipe section reaches the set range, introduce reaction particles from the particle inlet; meanwhile, introduce nitrogen from the nitrogen inlet.

[0018] S3: The reaction particles are heated successively by the primary heating component, the secondary heating component, and the tertiary heating component. When the temperature in the reactor tube reaches the reaction temperature range of the set reduction reaction, the reaction particles undergo a reduction reaction at this temperature, decomposing to produce oxygen and solid products; meanwhile, water is introduced into the cold end inlet of the heat exchanger.

[0019] S4: The oxygen generated by the reduction reaction is purged by nitrogen and discharged from the high-temperature aerosol reactor into the heat exchanger to participate in heat exchange, causing the water to absorb heat and increase in temperature. After the heat exchange, the oxygen and nitrogen are collected or directly discharged into the air, and the hot water is input into the adiabatic reactor; meanwhile, the solid products generated by the reduction reaction are discharged from the high-temperature aerosol reactor through the first discharge valve and enter the adiabatic reactor; in the adiabatic reactor, the solid products obtained from the reduction reaction react with the hot water obtained from the heat exchanger to undergo a hydrolysis reaction, obtaining hydrogen and reaction particles.

[0020] S5: The products of the hydrolysis reaction are discharged from the discharge port of the adiabatic reactor and enter the separator. The separator is used to achieve solid-gas separation. The hydrogen enters the hydrogen collector, and the reaction particles enter the high-temperature aerosol reactor through the second discharge valve.

[0021] S6: Repeat S3 - S5 to realize the recycling of hydrogen production and reaction particles.

[0022] Further, the reaction particles are selected as lanthanum manganate, and the chemical formula of the reduction reaction occurring in S3 is as follows:

[0023]

[0024] The reaction temperature range of this reduction reaction is 600 - 900 °C;

[0025] The chemical formula of the hydrolysis reaction occurring in S4 is as follows:

[0026] LaMnO 3-δ (s) + H2O → LaMnO3(s) + H2↑

[0027] The reaction temperature range of this hydrolysis reaction is 0 - 80 °C.

[0028] Furthermore, manganese dioxide is selected as the reaction particles, and the chemical formula of the reduction reaction occurring in S3 is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] The reaction temperature range of this reduction reaction is 600 - 900 °C;

[0031] The chemical formula of the hydrolysis reaction occurring in S4 is as follows:

[0032] 2MnO(s) + H2O → Mn2O3(s) + H2↑

[0033] The reaction temperature range of this hydrolysis reaction is 5 - 80 °C.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0035] (1) The design of the system of the present invention realizes the recycling of reaction particles during the hydrogen production process. The design of the high-temperature aerosol reactor speeds up the reaction rate and improves the conversion rate.

[0036] (2) The reaction particles selected in the present invention are based on manganese, which is rich in content, low in price, and low in toxicity. It can withstand multiple oxidation-reduction cycles at high temperatures and can better adapt to this system; the reaction particles are micro-nano particles, which further improve the recycling ability and oxidation rate. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 is an internal structure diagram of the high-temperature aerosol reactor in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the high-temperature aerosol reactor in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the reaction tube section of the reaction particle flow channel in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] In the figure, there are a heliostat field 1, a high-temperature aerosol reactor 2, a first discharge valve 3, an adiabatic reactor 4, a separator 5, a second discharge valve 6, and a heat exchanger 7; a reaction particle flow channel 201, a particle inlet 201-1, a particle outlet 201-2, a nitrogen inlet 201-3; a primary heating assembly 202, a heat transfer oil inlet 202-1, a heat transfer oil chamber 202-2, a heat transfer oil outlet 202-3; an electromagnetic heating coil 203, a graphite heating rod 204, and a thermal insulation layer 205. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below according to the attached drawings and preferred embodiments. The purpose and effects of the present invention will become clearer. The present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with the attached drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, a hydrogen production system based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle includes: a heliostat field 1, a high-temperature aerosol reactor 2, a first discharge valve 3, an adiabatic reactor 4, a separator 5, a second discharge valve 6, and a heat exchanger 7.

[0044] The heliostat field is used to heat the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 to a set temperature range. The discharge port of the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 is communicated with the inlet of the first discharge valve 3. The outlet of the first discharge valve 3 is communicated with the feed port of the adiabatic reactor 4. The discharge port of the adiabatic reactor 4 is communicated with the inlet of the separator 5. The outlet of the separator 5 is divided into two paths. One path is communicated with the inlet of the hydrogen collector, and the other path is communicated with the inlet of the second discharge valve 6. The outlet of the second discharge valve 6 is communicated with the feed port of the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2. The feed of the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 is micro-nano particles of manganese-based oxides, and the manganese-based oxides include lanthanum manganite (LaMnO3) or manganese sesquioxide (Mn2O3).

[0045] Nitrogen is introduced into the inlet of the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2, and the outlet is communicated with the hot end inlet of the heat exchanger 7. The cold end outlet of the heat exchanger 7 is communicated with the water inlet of the adiabatic reactor 4. The heat exchanger 7 adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The high-temperature gas output by the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 is input into the heat exchanger 7 from the hot end inlet and flows through the shell side. After heat exchange, it is output from the hot end outlet. The liquid water input from the cold end inlet below flows through the tube side. After heat exchange, it is output from the cold end outlet above.

[0046] Furthermore, heat insulation materials are provided on the connecting pipes of the discharge ports and feed ports, and the outlet ports and inlet ports of the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 and the adiabatic reactor 4 to reduce heat loss.

[0047] Furthermore, the material of the adiabatic reactor 4 is selected as high-temperature resistant quartz.

[0048] AsFigure 2 , Figure 3 As shown in Figure 3 , the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 includes: a reaction particle flow channel 201, a primary heating assembly 202, an electromagnetic heating coil 203, a graphite heating rod 204, and a heat insulation layer 205.

[0049] The reaction particle flow channel 201 adopts three-stage heating and sequentially includes, along the particle flow direction: a first preheating pipe section, a second preheating pipe section, and a reaction pipe section. The inlet end face of the first preheating pipe section is provided with a particle inlet 201-1 and a nitrogen inlet 201-3, and the outlet end face of the reaction pipe section is provided with a particle outlet 201-2 and an air outlet (not shown in the figure); the first preheating pipe section, the second preheating pipe section, and the reaction pipe section are integrally cast slip-cast alumina protection pipes. In this embodiment, for the convenience of description, they are segmented according to their functions. Reaction particles enter the reaction particle flow channel 201 from the particle inlet 201-1. Synchronously, nitrogen is introduced into the reaction particle flow channel 201 from the nitrogen inlet 201-3.

[0050] The first preheating pipe section is peripherally arranged with a primary heating assembly 202. The primary heating assembly 202 includes: a housing with good thermal conductivity, a heat-conducting oil inlet 202-1, a heat-conducting oil chamber 202-2, a heat-conducting oil outlet 202-3, and a nitrogen inlet 202-4. The housing is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the first preheating pipe section and sealed. A heat-conducting oil chamber 202-2 is formed between the housing and the first preheating pipe section. One end of the heat-conducting oil chamber 202-2 is provided with a heat-conducting oil inlet 202-1, and the opposite end is provided with a heat-conducting oil outlet 202-3. The heliostat field 1 irradiates the outer peripheral surface of the housing to realize the heating of the heat-conducting oil, and then uniformly transfers the heat to the first preheating pipe section to realize the primary heating of the reaction particles.

[0051] The second preheating pipe section is evenly wound with an electromagnetic heating coil 203. The electromagnetic heating coil 203 is electrically connected to a control end (not shown in the figure) to realize electromagnetic heating and temperature rise, and then realize the secondary heating of the reaction particles in the second preheating pipe section.

[0052] As Figure 4 shown, the reaction pipe section is evenly arranged with graphite heating rods 204 parallel to the axial direction on the outer periphery. The graphite heating rods 204 are high-density graphite resistance heating elements, which are electrically connected to the control end to realize graphite heating and temperature rise, and then realize the tertiary heating of the reaction particles in the reaction pipe section. Further, graphite heating rods 204 are also evenly arranged inside the reaction pipe section to better ensure that the reaction particles in the reaction pipe section are evenly heated.

[0053] Around the periphery of the electromagnetic heating coil 203 arranged outside the second preheating pipe section and around the periphery of the graphite heating rod 204 arranged outside the reaction pipe section, a heat insulation layer 205 is arranged to maintain the hot zone and reduce heat loss. In this embodiment, the material of the heat insulation layer 205 is selected as high-purity graphite felt with a carbon content ≥ 99% and an ash content ≤ 0.1%. Temperature sensors are arranged on the inner walls of the first preheating pipe section, the second preheating pipe section, and the reaction pipe section to detect whether the temperature in the corresponding pipe section meets the requirements. The temperature sensors are electrically connected to the control end to feedback temperature data.

[0054] Based on the above hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle, a hydrogen production method based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle is proposed, including the following steps:

[0055] S1: Arrange the hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle as required, start the heliostat field 1, make it reflect sunlight, and irradiate on the outer peripheral surface of the housing of the primary heating component 202 of the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2. In this embodiment, the intensity of direct solar radiation is 1 kW / m 2 . Then introduce heat-conducting oil to make it circulate in the heat-conducting oil chamber 202-2; at the same time, the control end controls the electromagnetic heating coil 203 and the graphite heating rod 204 to start heating.

[0056] S2: According to the temperature feedback by the temperature sensor, when the temperature in the corresponding pipe section reaches the set range, introduce reaction particles (LaMnO3 or Mn2O3 micro-nano particles) from the particle inlet 201-1, and at the same time, introduce nitrogen from the nitrogen inlet 201-3.

[0057] S3: After the reaction particles are preheated by the heat-conducting oil, heated by electromagnetic heating of the electromagnetic heating coil 203, and heated by graphite heating of the graphite heating rod 204 in three stages of heating, the temperature reaches 600 - 900 °C in the final reactor tube. At this time, the reaction particles undergo a reduction reaction, decomposing to produce oxygen (g) and LaMnO 3-δ (s), or oxygen (g) and MnO(s); this reaction is an endothermic reaction, and the reaction temperature is 600 - 900 °C. At the same time, water is introduced into the cold-end inlet of the heat exchanger 7.

[0058] If the reaction particles are LaMnO3 micro-nano particles, the chemical formula for its reduction reaction is as follows:

[0059]

[0060] If the reaction particles are Mn2O3 micro-nano particles, the chemical formula for its reduction reaction is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] S4: The oxygen generated by the reduction reaction is purged by nitrogen and discharged from the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 to the heat exchanger 7 to participate in heat exchange, causing water to absorb heat and increase in temperature. After the heat exchange, the oxygen and nitrogen are collected or directly discharged into the air, and the hot water is input into the adiabatic reactor 4. Meanwhile, the solid product (LaMnO 3-δ or Mn2O3) generated by the reduction reaction is discharged from the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 through the first discharge valve 3 and enters the adiabatic reactor 4. In the adiabatic reactor 4, it undergoes a hydrolysis reaction with the hot water obtained from the heat exchanger 7 to obtain hydrogen (g) and LaMnO3(s), or hydrogen (g) and Mn2O3(s); this reaction is an exothermic reaction, and the reaction temperature is 0 - 80 °C.

[0063] For the solid product LaMnO 3-δ produced by the reduction reaction, the chemical formula for its hydrolysis reaction is:

[0064] LaMnO 3-δ (s) + H2O → LaMnO3(s) + H2↑

[0065] This reaction is an exothermic reaction, and the reaction temperature is 0 - 80 °C to ensure the full reaction of oxygen vacancies with water.

[0066] For the solid product Mn2O3 produced by the reduction reaction, the chemical formula for its hydrolysis reaction is:

[0067] 2MnO(s) + H2O → Mn2O3(s) + H2↑

[0068] This reaction is an exothermic reaction, and the reaction temperature is 5 - 80 °C. While ensuring the full reaction of oxygen vacancies with water, it maintains the existence of liquid water to avoid ice crystals from damaging the material structure.

[0069] S5: The products of the hydrolysis reaction are discharged from the discharge port of the adiabatic reactor 4 and enter the separator 5. The separator 5 is used to achieve solid-gas separation, that is, to separate LaMnO3 from hydrogen, or to separate Mn2O3 from hydrogen. Hydrogen enters the hydrogen collector, and the solid particles enter the high-temperature aerosol reactor 2 through the second discharge valve 6.

[0070] S6: Repeat S3 - S5 to achieve the cycle of hydrogen production and reaction particles.

[0071] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that the above are only preferred examples of the invention and are not used to limit the invention. Although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing examples, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the invention shall be included within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogen production system based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle, characterized in that, Including: Heliostat field, high-temperature aerosol reactor, first discharge valve, adiabatic reactor, separator, second discharge valve, heat exchanger; The heliostat field is used to heat the high-temperature aerosol reactor to a set temperature range. The inlet of the high-temperature aerosol reactor inputs micronano particles of manganese-based oxide, and the outlet is communicated with the inlet of the adiabatic reactor through the first discharge valve. The outlet of the adiabatic reactor is communicated with the inlet of the separator. The separator is used for solid-gas separation, and its outlet is divided into two paths. One path is communicated with the hydrogen collector, and the other path is communicated with the inlet of the high-temperature aerosol reactor through the second discharge valve. Nitrogen is introduced into the nitrogen inlet of the high-temperature aerosol reactor, and the outlet gas is communicated with the hot-end inlet of the heat exchanger. The cold-end outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the inlet of the adiabatic reactor; The high-temperature aerosol reactor includes: reaction particle flow channel, primary heating component, secondary heating component, tertiary heating component, heat insulation layer. The reaction particle flow channel sequentially includes a first preheating pipe section, a second preheating pipe section, and a reaction pipe section along the particle movement direction. Temperature sensors are arranged on the inner walls of each pipe section. The inlet end face of the first preheating pipe section is provided with a particle inlet and a nitrogen inlet, and the outlet end face of the reaction pipe section is provided with a particle outlet and an outlet gas port. The primary heating component includes a heat-conducting oil chamber coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the first preheating pipe section. Heat-conducting oil is circularly filled in the heat-conducting oil chamber, and a heat-conducting oil inlet is opened at one end, and a heat-conducting oil outlet is opened at the opposite end. The heliostat field irradiates on the outer peripheral surface of the shell of the heat-conducting oil chamber. The secondary heating component is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the second preheating pipe section, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside it. The tertiary heating component is coaxially arranged on the outer periphery of the reaction pipe section, and a heat insulation layer is arranged outside it.

2. The hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 1, wherein The secondary heating component includes an electromagnetic heating coil. The electromagnetic heating coil is evenly wound around the outer periphery of the second preheating pipe section and is electrically connected to the control end. The electromagnetic heating coil adjusts the heating temperature under the control of the control end.

3. The hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 1, wherein, The tertiary heating component includes a plurality of graphite heating rods. The graphite heating rods parallel to the axial direction are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the reaction pipe section. The graphite heating rods are electrically connected to the control end and adjust the heating temperature under the control of the control end.

4. The hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 3, wherein Graphite heating rods parallel to the axial direction are also evenly arranged inside the reaction pipe section and are electrically connected to the control end.

5. The hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 1, wherein The first preheating pipe section, the second preheating pipe section, and the reaction pipe section are integrally cast slip-cast alumina protection pipes. The heat insulation layer is made of graphite felt with a carbon content ≥ 99% and an ash content ≤ 0.1%.

6. The hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger adopts a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The high-temperature gas output from the high-temperature aerosol reactor is input into the heat exchanger from the hot-end inlet and flows through the shell side. After heat exchange, it is output from the hot-end outlet. The liquid water input from the cold-end inlet flows through the tube side, and the water vapor after heat exchange is output from the cold-end outlet.

7. The hydrogen production system based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 1, wherein The manganese-based oxide includes lanthanum manganate or manganese sesquioxide.

8. A hydrogen production method based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle, implemented according to the hydrogen production system based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle described in any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: Arrange the hydrogen production system based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle as required, start the heliostat field, make it reflect sunlight and irradiate on the outer peripheral surface of the shell of the primary heating component of the high-temperature aerosol reactor. Introduce heat-conducting oil and make it circulate in the heat-conducting oil chamber. At the same time, the secondary heating component and the tertiary heating component start to heat; S2: According to the temperature feedback from the temperature sensor, when the temperature in the corresponding pipe section reaches the set range, reaction particles are introduced from the particle inlet; meanwhile, nitrogen is introduced from the nitrogen inlet. S3: The reaction particles are heated successively by the primary heating component, the secondary heating component, and the tertiary heating component. When the temperature in the reactor tube reaches the reaction temperature range of the set reduction reaction, the reaction particles undergo a reduction reaction at this temperature, decomposing to produce oxygen and solid products; meanwhile, water is introduced into the cold end inlet of the heat exchanger. S4: The oxygen generated by the reduction reaction is purged by nitrogen and discharged from the high-temperature aerosol reactor into the heat exchanger to participate in heat exchange, causing the water to absorb heat and increase in temperature. After the heat exchange, the oxygen and nitrogen are collected or directly discharged into the air, and the hot water is input into the adiabatic reactor; meanwhile, the solid products generated by the reduction reaction are discharged from the high-temperature aerosol reactor through the first discharge valve and enter the adiabatic reactor; in the adiabatic reactor, the solid products obtained from the reduction reaction react with the hot water obtained from the heat exchanger to undergo a hydrolysis reaction, obtaining hydrogen and reaction particles. S5: The products of the hydrolysis reaction are discharged from the discharge port of the adiabatic reactor and enter the separator. The separator is used to achieve solid-gas separation. Hydrogen enters the hydrogen collector, and the reaction particles enter the high-temperature aerosol reactor through the second discharge valve. S6: Repeat the execution of S3 - S5 to achieve the recycling of hydrogen production and reaction particles.

9. The hydrogen production method based on the manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reaction particles are selected as lanthanum manganate, and the chemical formula of the reduction reaction occurring in S3 is as follows: The reaction temperature range of this reduction reaction is 600 - 900 °C. The chemical formula of the hydrolysis reaction occurring in S4 is as follows: LaMnO 3-δ (s) + H2O → LaMnO3(s) + H2↑ The reaction temperature range of this hydrolysis reaction is 0 - 80 °C.

10. The hydrogen production method based on a manganese-based thermochemical cycle according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reaction particles are selected as manganese(III) oxide, and the chemical formula of the reduction reaction occurring in S3 is as follows: The reaction temperature range of this reduction reaction is 600 - 900 °C. The chemical formula of the hydrolysis reaction occurring in S4 is as follows: 2MnO(s)+H2O→Mn2O3(s)+H2↑ The reaction temperature range of this hydrolysis reaction is 5 - 80 °C.

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