A forming equipment and manufacturing process for high-brightness stainless steel plate

Abstract

The present invention discloses a forming device and manufacturing process for high-gloss stainless steel plates, which relates to the field of stamping and forming processing technology and aims to solve the technical problems of uneven lubrication, large lubricating oil loss, high mold maintenance costs, and lack of a dynamic adjustment mechanism in traditional lubrication solutions. The device comprises a stamping device, a fixed workbench fixedly arranged at the workbench of the stamping device, and a movable workbench arranged at the hydraulic end of the stamping device; the fixed workbench and the movable workbench are jointly provided with a forming die, and the rear side of the stamping device is provided with an oil pump assembly connected to the forming die; the forming die includes a lower die body and an upper die body respectively arranged on the fixed workbench and the movable workbench. The present invention combines a Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel with an exposed radial bifurcated flow channel to ensure that scratches and contamination are effectively avoided during the stamping process of the complex curved surface of the hub cover, significantly improving the high-gloss surface quality of the hub cover.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stamping and forming processing, and more particularly to a forming device and a manufacturing process for a high-brightness stainless steel plate. Background Art

[0002] In the manufacturing of stainless steel automotive hubcaps, high gloss is a crucial quality indicator, directly impacting the product's appearance, texture, and market competitiveness. Currently, hubcaps are primarily produced using a stamping process, where a press and die apply external force to a high-gloss stainless steel sheet, causing it to plastically deform to achieve the desired shape. To reduce friction between the die and the stainless steel sheet during the stamping process and prevent surface wear that affects the final gloss, traditional processes typically lubricate the die with lubricant.

[0003] However, existing lubrication solutions have significant drawbacks:

[0004] First, the problem of uneven lubrication is prominent. It is difficult to accurately control the distribution of lubricating oil by manual application or traditional spray lubrication. In the stamping of complex curved surfaces of hub covers, scratches are often generated in the corners and edges of the mold due to insufficient lubrication, resulting in the surface roughness Ra value changing from the ideal 0.1 Below suddenly rose to 0.3 The above factors seriously affect the quality of subsequent polishing. In addition, areas such as the mold center are prone to residual contamination due to the accumulation of lubricating oil, requiring additional cleaning steps, increasing production costs and processing time.

[0005] Second, there is significant lubricant loss. Traditional lubrication methods cannot dynamically adjust the oil supply according to the stamping process. To ensure lubrication, excessive oil supply is often required, resulting in a lubricant waste rate of up to 40% to 50%. At the same time, the overflowing lubricant evaporates into the workshop environment, causing both resource waste and safety hazards.

[0006] Third, mold maintenance costs are high. Open lubrication allows the lubricant to easily oxidize in the air and form sludge, which adheres to the mold surface and accelerates wear, shortening the mold's service life by about 30%. Frequent maintenance and replacement further increase production costs.

[0007] Fourth, there is a lack of a dynamic adjustment mechanism. Existing processes make it difficult to accurately control lubricant flow and oil film thickness based on real-time changing operating parameters such as stamping speed, pressure, and mold temperature. This results in unstable lubrication and a high rate of defective products.

[0008] In addition, the existing lubrication system does not fully consider the return and recycling of lubricating oil in its design. The lubricating oil remaining after a single stamping cannot be effectively recovered, which not only causes waste but may also contaminate subsequent workpieces, limiting the improvement of production efficiency and product quality.

[0009] In view of this, we propose a forming equipment and manufacturing process for high-brightness stainless steel plates. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forming device and manufacturing process for high-brightness stainless steel plates to solve the technical problems of uneven lubrication, large lubricating oil loss, high mold maintenance cost and lack of dynamic adjustment mechanism in traditional lubrication solutions.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a high-brightness stainless steel plate forming device, a high-brightness stainless steel plate forming device, comprising a stamping device and a fixed workbench fixedly arranged at the workbench of the stamping device and a movable workbench arranged at the hydraulic end of the stamping device;

[0012] The fixed workbench and the movable workbench are both provided with a forming die, and the rear side of the stamping equipment is provided with an oil pump assembly connected to the forming die;

[0013] The forming mold includes a lower mold body and an upper mold body respectively arranged on a fixed workbench and a movable workbench, the top of the lower mold body is processed with a concave molding cavity for stamping and forming a concave surface on the stainless steel hub cover, and the bottom of the upper mold body is processed with a convex molding cavity for stamping and forming a convex surface on the stainless steel hub cover, the lower mold body and the upper mold body are jointly provided with a stamping lubrication system distributed on the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity in the center, and the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity form a stamping and die-closing molding cavity for realizing the stamping molding of the stainless steel hub cover when the lower mold body and the upper mold body are clamped;

[0014] The stamping lubrication system allows the lubricating oil to spread to the working surface of the mold through capillary action. The exposed lubricating oil in the stamping lubrication system is compressed by the mold clamping pressure to generate a pressure gradient, so that the exposed lubricating oil is directionally released to the upper and lower surfaces of the stainless steel plate to form an oil film, and the pressure unloading causes the lubricating oil to flow back for replenishment to form a dynamic lubrication cycle.

[0015] The present invention combines the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel with the exposed radial bifurcated flow channel, utilizes capillary action and the oleophilic layer to evenly diffuse the lubricating oil to the working surface of the mold, and accurately controls the lubricating oil overflow position through the hydrophobic layer to form a uniform micro-convex oil trace. The oil trace height and oil film thickness can be accurately calculated to ensure that during the stamping process of the complex curved surface of the hub cover, the surface oil film thickness uniformity error is controlled within ±5%, and the surface roughness Ra value is stably maintained at 0.1 The following can effectively avoid scratches and pollution and significantly improve the high-gloss surface quality of the hub cover.

[0016] Preferably, the stamping lubrication system includes two oil inlet holes respectively opened at the center of the lower mold body and the upper mold body, two groups of Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels for realizing passive one-way flow control of lubricating oil, and two groups of exposed radial forked flow channels in an annular array respectively opened on the surface of the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity. The two groups of Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels are respectively opened in the lower mold body and the upper mold body in an annular array, and the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels are connected to the corresponding oil inlet holes.

[0017] Preferably, the exposed radially bifurcated flow channel includes a groove-shaped flow channel and a plurality of groove-shaped bifurcated flow channels, one end of the groove-shaped flow channel is connected to the corresponding Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel, and a plurality of the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channels are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the groove-shaped flow channel and connected to the groove-shaped flow channel, and a plurality of the groove-shaped flow channels are radially extended in equal proportion from the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel in a direction away from the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel.

[0018] Preferably, the inner walls of the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel are deposited with an oleophilic layer by magnetron sputtering, and the non-flow channel areas on the inner walls of the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity are sprayed with a hydrophobic layer. The lubricating oil flowing in the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel under the influence of capillary action forms a groove oil reservoir, and the groove oil reservoir is affected by the hydrophobic layer to form micro-boss oil traces outside the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel for directional release of oil film and reflux replenishment.

[0019] Preferably, a circular hole forming boss for punching the assembly hole on the stainless steel hub cover is constructed at the center of the concave forming cavity, and a delivery interface connected to the corresponding oil inlet hole is installed on one side of the lower mold body and the upper mold body.

[0020] Preferably, the oil pump assembly includes a cold oil pump arranged on the back of the stamping equipment and an oil inlet arranged on the cold oil pump. The two oil outlet ends of the cold oil pump are connected to the lower mold oil delivery hose and the upper mold oil delivery hose, and the lower mold oil delivery hose and the upper mold oil delivery hose are respectively connected to the corresponding delivery interfaces.

[0021] A manufacturing process for a stainless steel hubcap based on a high-brightness stainless steel plate comprises the following steps:

[0022] S1: Plate and equipment preparation: Cut the high-gloss stainless steel plate into suitable size and place it above the lower die body. Connect the oil outlet pipe of the external oil storage device to the oil inlet. Use the stamping equipment to control the cold oil pump to quantitatively deliver oil to the oil inlet holes in the lower and upper die bodies.

[0023] S2: Lubricating oil pre-distribution: The lubricating oil flows into the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel through the oil inlet hole, and then diffuses along the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel by capillary action. The lubricating oil is confined in the flow channel by the oleophilic layer on the inner wall;

[0024] S3: Stamping and dynamic lubrication: The stamping equipment drives the moving worktable to move the upper die body downward to close the die, forming a stamping and closing die cavity. At the same time, the circular hole forming boss punches out the assembly hole.

[0025] During the mold closing process, the cold oil pump continuously replenishes oil. Under the action of the hydrophobic layer, the lubricating oil forms micro-convex oil traces on the edge of the flow channel. The one-way barrier characteristics of the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel are used to release the oil traces on the micro-convex in a directional manner to form an oil film.

[0026] S4: Pressure unloading and lubricating oil return: After stamping, the pressure is unloaded, and the lubricating oil flows back to the groove flow channel and the groove bifurcation flow channel under the action of surface tension and the hydrophobic layer, forming a micro-convex oil trace after attenuation;

[0027] S5: Demolding and oil replenishment: Separate the lower die body and the upper die body to take out the formed hub cover, calculate the amount of lubricating oil missing, and replenish lubricating oil through the cold oil pump to enter the next stamping cycle.

[0028] Preferably, in step S3, the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel adopts a three-stage bifurcated asymmetric contraction-expansion structure, the forward flow resistance is reduced by 50%, and the reverse flow attenuation rate is ≥80%.

[0029] Preferably, in step S5, the oil flow rate of the cold oil pump is Adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm is used for regulation, and the control formula is: , where is the flow error, is the error change rate, 、 、 The proportional, integral and differential coefficients are dynamically adjusted based on fuzzy rules.

[0030] Preferably, in step S3, the micro-protrusion oil mark height By formula Calculate, where is the volume of lubricating oil overflowing, is the surface area of the runner edge, and the micro-boss oil trace is under the mold clamping pressure. Pressure gradient , according to the formula , where The pressure applied by the mold during the mold closing process. is the contact area between the mold and the plate.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention combines the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel with the exposed radial bifurcated flow channel, utilizes capillary action and the oleophilic layer to evenly diffuse the lubricating oil to the working surface of the mold, and accurately controls the lubricating oil overflow position through the hydrophobic layer to form a uniform micro-convex oil trace. The oil trace height and oil film thickness can be accurately calculated to ensure that during the stamping process of the complex curved surface of the hub cover, the surface oil film thickness uniformity error is controlled within ±5%, and the surface roughness Ra value is stably maintained at 0.1 The following can effectively avoid scratches and pollution and significantly improve the high-gloss surface quality of the hub cover.

[0033] 2. This invention achieves dynamic recycling of lubricating oil. When pressure is unloaded, the lubricating oil, due to surface tension and the coating, flows back into the grooved flow channel, achieving a reflux coefficient of 0.6-0.8. This reduces lubricating oil waste by over 40% compared to traditional processes. Furthermore, the cooling oil pump uses an adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm to adjust the oil flow rate, matching the stamping process requirements in real time and avoiding oversupply, further reducing lubricating oil costs. Lubricating oil consumption for a single batch of hubcap production can be reduced by 35% to 45%.

[0034] 3. This invention also significantly reduces mold wear through uniform and stable lubrication. By precisely controlling the oil film thickness and pressure gradient, dry friction between the mold and the stainless steel plate is reduced, reducing wear on key mold components by over 50% and extending the service life to 1.5-2 times that of traditional molds. Furthermore, the system's automated dynamic adjustment function responds in real time to changes in stamping speed, pressure, and temperature, ensuring stable lubrication throughout the entire production cycle. This reduces the defective product rate from 8% to 12% with traditional processes to below 3%, significantly improving production efficiency and product quality stability, and reducing overall production costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the back of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of a high-brightness stainless steel hubcap produced by stamping a high-brightness stainless steel plate using the forming equipment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly state of the forming die and the oil pump component in the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower mold body in the present invention.

[0040] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the upper mold body in the present invention.

[0041] Figure 7 It is a partial structural sectional view of the lower mold body and the upper mold body in the mold closing state in the present invention.

[0042] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the lower mold body in the present invention.

[0043] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at center A.

[0044] Figure 10 This is a plan view of the distribution of the stamping lubrication system in the concave forming cavity when the lower die body is in a cross-sectional state.

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional state of the lubricating oil in the exposed radial bifurcated flow channel of the lower mold body in the present invention when the lower mold body is in a local structural cross-sectional state.

[0046] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0047] 1. Stamping equipment; 2. Fixed workbench; 3. Moving workbench;

[0048] 4. Molding mold; 401. Lower mold body; 402. Upper mold body; 403. Concave molding cavity; 404. Circular hole molding boss; 405. Convex molding cavity; 406. Delivery interface; 407. Stamping and clamping molding cavity;

[0049] 5. High-gloss stainless steel hubcap; 501, assembly hole;

[0050] 6. Oil pump assembly; 601. Cold oil pump; 602. Oil inlet; 603. Lower die oil hose; 604. Upper die oil hose;

[0051] 7. Stamping lubrication system; 701. Oil inlet hole; 702. Tesla valve type one-way flow control channel;

[0052] 8. Exposed radial bifurcated flow channel; 801. Groove-shaped flow channel; 802. Groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel;

[0053] 9. Oleophilic layer; 10. Hydrophobic layer; 11. Oil storage in grooves; 12. Oil marks on micro-bumps. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0054] Example 1: Figures 1 to 11As shown, the present invention relates to a high-brightness stainless steel plate forming device, a high-brightness stainless steel plate forming device, characterized in that it includes a stamping device 1 and a fixed workbench 2 fixedly arranged at the workbench of the stamping device 1 and a movable workbench 3 arranged at the hydraulic end of the stamping device 1;

[0055] A forming die 4 for stamping a high-brightness stainless steel hubcap 5 is provided on both the fixed workbench 2 and the movable workbench 3, and an oil pump assembly 6 connected to the forming die 4 for achieving a quantitative supply of lubricating oil is provided on the rear side of the stamping equipment 1;

[0056] The forming mold 4 includes a lower mold body 401 and an upper mold body 402 respectively arranged on the fixed workbench 2 and the movable workbench 3. The top of the lower mold body 401 is processed with a concave molding cavity 403 for stamping and forming the concave surface of the high-brightness stainless steel hub cover 5, and the bottom of the upper mold body 402 is processed with a convex molding cavity 405 for stamping and forming the convex surface of the high-brightness stainless steel hub cover 5. The lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402 are jointly provided with a stamping lubrication system 7 distributed on the concave molding cavity 403 and the convex molding cavity 405 in the center. When the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402 are closed, the concave molding cavity 403 and the convex molding cavity 405 form a stamping and closing molding cavity 407 for realizing the stamping of the high-brightness stainless steel hub cover 5;

[0057] The stamping lubrication system 7 spreads the lubricating oil to the working surface of the mold through capillary action. The exposed lubricating oil in the stamping lubrication system 7 is compressed by the mold clamping pressure to generate a pressure gradient, which causes the exposed lubricating oil to be directionally released to the upper and lower surfaces of the stainless steel plate to form an oil film. The pressure unloading causes the lubricating oil to flow back for replenishment to form a dynamic lubrication cycle.

[0058] The present invention combines the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel with the exposed radial bifurcated flow channel, utilizes capillary action and the oleophilic layer 9 to evenly diffuse the lubricating oil to the working surface of the mold, and accurately controls the lubricating oil overflow position through the hydrophobic layer to form a uniform micro-convex oil trace. The oil trace height and oil film thickness can be accurately calculated to ensure that during the stamping process of the complex curved surface of the hub cover, the surface oil film thickness uniformity error is controlled within ±5%, and the surface roughness Ra value is stably maintained at 0.1 The following can effectively avoid scratches and pollution and significantly improve the high-gloss surface quality of the hub cover.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present invention, the stamping lubrication system 7 includes two oil inlet holes 701 respectively opened at the center of the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402, two groups of Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels 702 for realizing passive one-way flow control of lubricating oil, and two groups of exposed radial bifurcated flow channels 8 respectively opened on the surface of the concave molding cavity 403 and the convex molding cavity 405 in an annular array. The two groups of Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels 702 are respectively opened in the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402 in an annular array, and the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels 702 are respectively opened in the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402, and the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels 702 are respectively opened in the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402. The control channel 702 is connected to the corresponding oil inlet hole 701. The exposed radial bifurcated flow channel 8 includes a groove flow channel 801 and a plurality of groove-shaped bifurcated flow channels 802. One end of the groove flow channel 801 is connected to the corresponding Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel 702, and the plurality of groove-shaped bifurcated flow channels 802 are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the groove flow channel 801 and connected to the groove flow channel 801. The plurality of groove flow channels 801 are radially extended in equal proportion from the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel 702 as the starting point in the direction away from the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel 702.

[0060] Among them, the groove-shaped flow channel 801 and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel 802 allow the lubricating oil to diffuse along the channel to the working surface of the mold, that is, the surface of the concave molding cavity 403 and the convex molding cavity 405, based on capillary action. During the stamping process, the lubricating oil exposed outside the channel forms a micro-boss oil mark 12 through the hydrophobic layer 10. In the process of gradual pressure, the lubricating oil in the channel generates a pressure gradient due to compression, and is directionally released to the surface of the workpiece through the exposed part of the micro-boss oil mark 12. After the pressure is unloaded, the surface tension drives the lubricating oil to flow back for replenishment, forming a dynamic lubrication cycle.

[0061] The passive unidirectional flow control of the fluid is achieved by the Tesla valve-type unidirectional flow control channel 702 connected to the groove-shaped flow channel 801, which is converted into uniform diffusion control of the lubricating oil. The surface tension, viscosity and geometric constraints of the micro-scale capillary structure are utilized to achieve uniform distribution of the lubricating oil from a fixed point input to the mold surface, while preventing the reverse overflow of the lubricating oil during high-pressure molding.

[0062] This invention achieves dynamic recycling of lubricating oil. When pressure is unloaded, the lubricating oil, due to surface tension and the coating, flows back into the grooved flow channel, achieving a return coefficient of 0.6-0.8. This reduces lubricating oil waste by over 40% compared to traditional processes. Furthermore, the cooling oil pump uses an adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm to adjust the oil flow rate, matching the stamping process requirements in real time and avoiding oversupply, further reducing lubricating oil costs. Lubricating oil consumption in a single batch of hubcap production can be reduced by 35% to 45%.

[0063] In an embodiment of the present invention, the inner walls of the groove-shaped flow channel 801 and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel 802 are deposited with an oleophilic layer 9 by magnetron sputtering, and the non-flow channel areas on the inner walls of the concave molding cavity 403 and the convex molding cavity 405 are sprayed with a hydrophobic layer 10. The lubricating oil flowing in the groove-shaped flow channel 801 and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel 802 under the influence of capillary action forms a groove oil reservoir 11, and the groove oil reservoir 11 is affected by the hydrophobic layer 10 to form a micro-boss oil mark 12 outside the groove-shaped flow channel 801 and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel 802 for directional release of the oil film and reflux replenishment.

[0064] The oleophilic layer 9 is deposited on the inner wall of the channel by magnetron sputtering for 5-10 Thick diamond-like carbon coating DLC, surface energy increased to 40mN / m, contact angle <25°;

[0065] The hydrophobic layer 10 is formed by spraying a fluorinated silane super hydrophobic coating on the non-flow channel area with a thickness of 20-50 , contact angle>160°, rolling angle<5°;

[0066] And for stainless steel plate forming, it is recommended to use synthetic ester oil with a viscosity of 80-150cSt, such as pentaerythritol ester, which has a viscosity retention rate of >90% under a pressure of 200MPa, a surface tension coefficient of 25-30mN / m, a balance between fluidity and anti-overflow ability, and add 0.5% to 1% molybdenum disulfide. Nanoparticles with a particle size of 50-100nm can reduce the friction coefficient of lubricating oil by 30%, while enhancing the strength of the oil film and reducing the risk of oil film rupture under high pressure.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present invention, a circular hole forming boss 404 for stamping the assembly hole 501 on the high-gloss stainless steel hub cover 5 is constructed at the center of the concave forming cavity 403, and a delivery interface 406 connected to the corresponding oil inlet hole 701 is installed on one side of the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402.

[0068] In an embodiment of the present invention, the oil pump assembly 6 includes a cold oil pump 601 provided on the back of the stamping equipment 1 and an oil inlet 602 provided on the cold oil pump 601. The two oil outlet ends of the cold oil pump 601 are connected to the lower mold oil delivery hose 603 and the upper mold oil delivery hose 604, and the lower mold oil delivery hose 603 and the upper mold oil delivery hose 604 are respectively connected to the corresponding delivery interface 406.

[0069] Example 2: Figures 1 to 11 As shown, a manufacturing process of a stainless steel hub cap based on a high-brightness stainless steel plate includes the following steps:

[0070] S1: Plate and equipment preparation: Cut the high-gloss stainless steel plate into suitable size and place it on the lower die body 401. Connect the oil outlet pipe of the external oil storage device to the oil inlet 602. Control the cold oil pump 601 through the stamping equipment 1 based on the formula: Oil is quantitatively supplied to the oil inlet holes 701 in the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402, where: The surface area of the stainless steel hubcap is In order to ensure the standard oil film thickness of ideal lubrication effect during stamping, Used to compensate for lubricating oil loss during stamping process, is the empirical loss coefficient, and , covering losses such as volatilization, adsorption, and residue, which can be optimized through statistical analysis of historical production data;

[0071] S2: Lubricating oil pre-distribution: The lubricating oil flows into the Tesla valve type one-way flow control channel 702 through the oil inlet hole 701, and then diffuses along the groove flow channel 801 and the groove bifurcated flow channel 802 by capillary action. The lubricating oil is confined in the flow channel by the oleophilic layer 9, and the diffusion rate of the lubricating oil in the flow channel is Satisfy the formula , where The surface tension of the lubricating oil is the driving force for the diffusion of the lubricating oil. is the contact angle between the lubricating oil and the oleophilic layer 9. The smaller the contact angle, the stronger the oleophilic effect and the easier it is to diffuse. is the dynamic viscosity of the lubricating oil. The greater the viscosity, the greater the flow resistance. is the equivalent radius of the flow channel, reflecting the effect of the flow channel size on the flow velocity;

[0072] S3: Stamping and dynamic lubrication: The stamping equipment 1 drives the dynamic workbench 3 to move the upper mold body 402 downward to close the mold, forming a stamping mold cavity 407. At the same time, the circular hole forming boss 404 punches out the assembly hole 501. During the mold closing process, the cold oil pump 601 continuously replenishes oil. Under the action of the hydrophobic layer 10, the lubricating oil forms a micro-boss oil mark 12 on the edge of the flow channel. The height of the micro-boss oil mark is 12. By formula Calculate, where is the volume of lubricating oil overflowing, is the actual volume of lubricating oil overflowing the flow channel, is the surface area of the runner edge, that is, the boundary area of the lubricating oil overflow, and the micro-convex oil trace 12 is under the mold clamping pressure. Pressure gradient , according to the formula , where The pressure applied by the mold during the mold closing process is set by the hydraulic system of the stamping equipment and monitored in real time. is the actual contact area between the die and the stainless steel plate, estimated based on the die design dimensions and plate deformation;

[0073] The one-way blocking characteristic of the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel 702 is utilized to release the micro-protrusion oil trace 12 in a directional manner to form an oil film with a thickness of Satisfy the formula , where is the die stamping speed, is the characteristic length of oil film flow;

[0074] S4: Pressure unloading and lubricating oil reflux: After the stamping is completed, the pressure is unloaded, and the lubricating oil is subjected to the action of surface tension and the hydrophobic layer 10 according to the formula Flow back to the groove channel 801 and the groove bifurcated channel 802, where, The volume of lubricating oil remaining on the mold surface and in the oil traces of the micro-boss when the pressure is unloaded. is the reflux coefficient, which reflects the efficiency of surface tension-driven reflux and is related to the surface tension of the lubricating oil and the characteristics of the oleophobic layer. , forming a micro-convex oil trace 12 after attenuation;

[0075] S5: Demolding and oil replenishment: Separate the lower mold body 401 and the upper mold body 402 to remove the molded hub cover and calculate the amount of lubricating oil missing , By formula It is concluded that the cold oil pump 601 is Replenish lubricating oil and enter the next stamping cycle, where: is the total volume of lubricating oil injected before stamping, i.e. , The actual volume of lubricating oil that flows back and can be used further;

[0076] This invention also significantly reduces mold wear through uniform and stable lubrication. By precisely controlling the oil film thickness and pressure gradient, dry friction between the mold and the stainless steel plate is reduced, reducing wear on key mold components by over 50% and extending the service life to 1.5-2 times that of traditional molds. Furthermore, the system's automated dynamic adjustment function responds in real time to changes in stamping speed, pressure, and temperature, ensuring stable lubrication throughout the entire production cycle and reducing the defective product rate from 8% to 12% in traditional processes to below 3%, significantly improving production efficiency and product quality stability, and reducing overall production costs.

[0077] As another embodiment of the present invention, in step S3, the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel 702 adopts a three-stage bifurcated asymmetric contraction-expansion structure, the forward flow resistance is reduced by 50%, and the reverse flow attenuation rate is ≥80%.

[0078] As another embodiment of the present invention, in step S5, the oil flow rate of the cold oil pump 601 is Adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm is used for regulation, and the control formula is: , where is the flow error, is the error change rate, 、 、 The proportional, integral and differential coefficients are dynamically adjusted based on fuzzy rules.

[0079] Example 3: In actual production, with the goal of producing high-gloss stainless steel hubcaps for automobiles, the molding equipment and manufacturing process of the present invention were tested and verified, and the following example was obtained:

[0080] Experimental preparation

[0081] Equipment and Molds: A set of high-gloss stainless steel sheet forming equipment meeting the requirements of the invention is manufactured, comprising a stamping device 1, a fixed worktable 2, a movable worktable 3, a forming mold 4, and an oil pump assembly 6. The forming mold 4 has a concave forming cavity 403 of the lower mold body 401 with a depth of 30 mm, a convex forming cavity 405 of the upper mold body 402 with a curvature radius of 50 mm, and a circular hole forming boss 404 with a diameter of 10 mm.

[0082] Materials: A high-brightness stainless steel plate with a thickness of 1 mm and an area of 0.05 m² was selected as the blank. A synthetic ester lubricant with a viscosity of 100 cSt and 0.8% molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) nanoparticles was used.

[0083] Measuring instrument: Use surface roughness measuring instrument with an accuracy of 0.01 Measure product surface roughness; electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.1g to measure lubricating oil consumption; mold wear measuring instrument with an accuracy of 1 Detect mold wear; pressure sensor with 0.1MPa accuracy monitors mold clamping pressure.

[0084] Experimental process

[0085] Traditional process test: Stamping was performed using the traditional lubricant-coated die method, with 50ml of lubricant manually applied before each stamping cycle. The test was performed 100 times, and the surface roughness of the high-gloss stainless steel hubcap, the actual amount of lubricant used, die wear, and the number of defective products were recorded after each stamping cycle.

[0086] Process test of the present invention: Test according to the manufacturing process of the invention. Set the standard oil film thickness 8 , experience loss coefficient Take 0.2, the surface area of the stainless steel hubcap The measured value is 0.04m 2 , according to the formula The calculation shows that before each stamping, 32 ml of oil is quantitatively supplied to the oil inlet holes 701 in the lower die body 401 and the upper die body 402. The same stamping test is carried out 100 times. During each stamping process, the mold closing pressure is monitored using a pressure sensor. , estimate the contact area between the mold and the plate according to the mold design size and plate deformation , calculate the micro-boss oil mark height , pressure gradient and oil film thickness After stamping is completed, the mold wear and lubricating oil residue are measured, and the number of defective products is counted.

[0087] Comparison of test data

[0088]

[0089] Test conclusion

[0090] Improved surface quality: The present invention uses a unique lubrication system design to stabilize the surface roughness Ra value of the high-brightness stainless steel hub cover at 0.1 The following is significantly reduced compared to traditional processes, effectively avoiding scratches and pollution, and improving the high-gloss surface quality of the product.

[0091] Reduced lubricating oil loss: The present invention realizes the dynamic recycling of lubricating oil, reducing the single lubricating oil usage by about 36%, and the lubricating oil reflux rate reaches about 75%, thereby reducing the cost of lubricating oil use.

[0092] Extended mold life and improved production efficiency: Uniform and stable lubrication reduces mold wear by over 55%, extending mold life to approximately twice that of traditional molds. Furthermore, the defective rate has been reduced from 10% to below 3%, significantly improving production efficiency and product quality stability while reducing overall production costs.

[0093] The embodiments disclosed in the present invention are preferred embodiments, but are not limited to them. Ordinary technicians in this field can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. As long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high brightness stainless steel plate forming equipment, characterized in that, It includes a stamping device, a fixed workbench fixedly arranged at the workbench of the stamping device, and a movable workbench arranged at the hydraulic end of the stamping device; The fixed workbench and the movable workbench are both provided with a forming die, and the rear side of the stamping equipment is provided with an oil pump assembly connected to the forming die; The forming mold includes a lower mold body and an upper mold body respectively arranged on a fixed workbench and a movable workbench, the top of the lower mold body is processed with a concave molding cavity for stamping and forming a concave surface on the stainless steel hub cover, and the bottom of the upper mold body is processed with a convex molding cavity for stamping and forming a convex surface on the stainless steel hub cover, the lower mold body and the upper mold body are jointly provided with a stamping lubrication system distributed on the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity in the center, and the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity form a stamping and die-closing molding cavity for realizing the stamping molding of the stainless steel hub cover when the lower mold body and the upper mold body are clamped; The stamping lubrication system spreads the lubricating oil to the working surface of the mold through capillary action. The exposed lubricating oil in the stamping lubrication system is compressed by the mold clamping pressure to generate a pressure gradient, so that the exposed lubricating oil is directionally released to the upper and lower surfaces of the stainless steel plate to form an oil film. The pressure unloading causes the lubricating oil to flow back for replenishment, forming a dynamic lubrication cycle. The stamping lubrication system includes two oil inlet holes respectively opened at the center of the lower mold body and the upper mold body, two groups of Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels for realizing passive one-way flow control of lubricating oil, and two groups of exposed radial bifurcated flow channels respectively opened on the surfaces of the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity in an annular array. The two groups of Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels are respectively opened in the lower mold body and the upper mold body in an annular array, and the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channels are connected to the corresponding oil inlet holes; The exposed radial bifurcated flow channel includes a groove-shaped flow channel and a plurality of groove-shaped bifurcated flow channels, one end of the groove-shaped flow channel is connected to the corresponding Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel, and the plurality of groove-shaped bifurcated flow channels are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the groove-shaped flow channel and connected to the groove-shaped flow channel, and the plurality of groove-shaped flow channels are radially extended in equal proportion from the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel in a direction away from the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel; The inner walls of the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel are deposited with an oleophilic layer by magnetron sputtering, and the non-flow channel areas on the inner walls of the concave molding cavity and the convex molding cavity are sprayed with a hydrophobic layer. The lubricating oil flowing in the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel under the influence of capillary action forms a groove oil reservoir, and the groove oil reservoir is affected by the hydrophobic layer to form micro-boss oil traces outside the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel for directional release of oil film and reflux replenishment.

2. The high brightness stainless steel plate forming equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circular hole forming boss for punching the assembly hole on the stainless steel hub cover is constructed at the center of the concave forming cavity, and a delivery interface connected to the corresponding oil inlet hole is installed on one side of the lower mold body and the upper mold body.

3. The high brightness stainless steel plate forming equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oil pump assembly includes a cold oil pump arranged on the back of the stamping equipment and an oil inlet arranged on the cold oil pump. The two oil outlet ends of the cold oil pump are connected to the lower mold oil delivery hose and the upper mold oil delivery hose, and the lower mold oil delivery hose and the upper mold oil delivery hose are respectively connected to the corresponding delivery interfaces.

4. A process for manufacturing a stainless steel hubcap based on a high-brightness stainless steel plate, which is applicable to the high-brightness stainless steel plate forming equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The steps include: S1: Plate and equipment preparation: Cut the high-gloss stainless steel plate into suitable size and place it above the lower die body. Connect the oil outlet pipe of the external oil storage device to the oil inlet. Use the stamping equipment to control the cold oil pump to quantitatively deliver oil to the oil inlet holes in the lower and upper die bodies. S2: Lubricating oil pre-distribution: The lubricating oil flows into the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel through the oil inlet hole, and then diffuses along the groove-shaped flow channel and the groove-shaped bifurcated flow channel by capillary action. The lubricating oil is confined in the flow channel by the oleophilic layer on the inner wall; S3: Stamping and dynamic lubrication: The stamping equipment drives the moving worktable to move the upper die body downward to close the die, forming a stamping and closing die cavity. At the same time, the circular hole forming boss punches out the assembly hole. During the mold closing process, the cold oil pump continuously replenishes oil. Under the action of the hydrophobic layer, the lubricating oil forms micro-convex oil traces on the edge of the flow channel. The one-way barrier characteristics of the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel are used to release the oil traces on the micro-convex in a directional manner to form an oil film. S4: Pressure unloading and lubricating oil return: After stamping, the pressure is unloaded, and the lubricating oil flows back to the groove flow channel and the groove bifurcation flow channel under the action of surface tension and the hydrophobic layer, forming a micro-convex oil trace after attenuation; S5: Demolding and oil replenishment: Separate the lower die body and the upper die body to take out the formed hub cover, calculate the amount of lubricating oil missing, and replenish lubricating oil through the cold oil pump to enter the next stamping cycle.

5. The manufacturing process of a stainless steel hubcap based on a high-brightness stainless steel plate according to claim 4 is characterized in that: In step S3, the Tesla valve-type one-way flow control channel adopts a three-stage bifurcated asymmetric contraction-expansion structure, the forward flow resistance is reduced by 50%, and the reverse flow attenuation rate is ≥80%.

6. The manufacturing process of a stainless steel hubcap based on a high-brightness stainless steel plate according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S5, the oil flow rate of the cold oil pump Adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm is used for regulation, and the control formula is: , where is the flow error, is the error change rate, 、 、 The proportional, integral and differential coefficients are dynamically adjusted based on fuzzy rules.

7. The manufacturing process of a stainless steel hubcap based on a high-brightness stainless steel plate according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step S3, the micro-protrusion oil mark height By formula Calculate, where is the volume of lubricating oil overflowing, is the surface area of the runner edge, and the micro-boss oil trace is under the mold clamping pressure. Pressure gradient , according to the formula , where The pressure applied by the mold during the mold closing process. is the contact area between the mold and the plate.

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