Production process of hot rolling compression spring

Abstract

The invention discloses a production process of a hot rolling compression spring, and relates to the field of springs, and the production process is characterized by comprising the following steps: S1, shaping two ends of a steel material; s2, softening the steel; s3, rolling is carried out; s4, the spring falls off; s5, spring conveying; s6, adjusting the distance between the rings of the spring; s7, cooling the spring; s8, tempering is conducted; and S9, polishing. The shaping cavity is located above the furnace, the furnace needs to calcine the two ends of the steel to be softened, the temperature in the furnace is high, the furnace can increase the temperature in the shaping cavity through heat conduction, the temperature in the shaping cavity is high, and therefore the heat dissipation speed of the spring can be reduced; according to the spring quenching and annealing device, an operator can have more time to adjust the distance between springs, the temperature of the springs can be guaranteed before quenching, and therefore after the springs are quenched and annealed, the hardness and toughness of the springs can be improved, and the overall strength and service life of the springs are guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of springs, and more particularly to a production process for hot-rolled compression springs. Background Art

[0002] Hot rolled compression springs are a type of spring made of steel or other metal materials, usually produced through a heat treatment process. Due to the heat treatment, hot rolled springs usually have higher strength and toughness than cold rolled springs, and are suitable for bearing larger loads, so they are often used in heavy machinery and industrial equipment.

[0003] Before coiling, the existing spring needs to heat the steel to the recrystallization temperature, and then install the heated steel on a hot coil spring machine to coil it into shape. After the steel is coiled into a spring, people need to quench and temper the spring to improve the overall hardness and toughness of the spring. After grinding and polishing the spring, the spring is finally inspected for quality.

[0004] The existing hot coil spring machine includes a steel shaft, which can rotate and move forward and backward. A fixing piece is provided at one end of the steel shaft. After the fixing piece clamps one end of the steel material on the outer peripheral wall of the steel shaft, the steel shaft is rotated and driven to move forward, so that the steel material is curled and formed on the steel shaft. After the steel material is curled into a spring, the temperature on the spring is relatively high, which is convenient for shaping the spring. People will check the spacing between each circle of the spring. If it is found that the spacing at some positions does not meet the requirements, people will use mechanical means to adjust the spacing of the spring. After the spring spacing is adjusted, people will place the spring in an oil pool for cooling, thereby improving the hardness and toughness of the spring.

[0005] Before the spring enters the oil pool, its temperature generally cannot be too low, and generally needs to be higher than 800 degrees Celsius. If the temperature is lower, the complete quenching effect may not be achieved, resulting in insufficient hardness and strength of the material. When the spring is adjusted in mechanical means, it takes a certain amount of time, especially for large or long springs. At this time, a large amount of heat will be lost on the spring. If people operate for too long, the temperature of the spring surface will not be enough, thereby affecting the subsequent quenching effect. Because of the above reasons, the operator must adjust the spring spacing quickly, which increases the difficulty of the operator's operation.

[0006] Therefore, new solutions need to be proposed to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0007] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a production process for a hot-rolled compression spring.

[0008] The above technical objectives of the present invention are achieved through the following technical solutions: A production process of a hot-rolled compression spring comprises the following steps: S1. Plasticize both ends of the steel. Put one end of the steel into a furnace for heating, and then flatten the heated end of the steel through a cone press. After the steel cools down, repeat the above steps to flatten the other end of the steel, so that both ends of the steel are rectangular. S2. Soften the steel. Put the steel that has gone through step S1 into a heating furnace for heating to soften the steel, which is convenient for subsequent coiling. S3. Coil. Fix one end of the steel that has gone through step S2 on the steel shaft of a hot coiling spring machine through a fixing part. The steel shaft rotates and drives the steel shaft to move forward, so that the steel is coiled on the steel shaft to form a spring. S4. Spring detachment. Remove the fixing part from the steel shaft and drive the steel shaft to move backward until the steel shaft is completely withdrawn from the spring. Operators use a clamp to hold the spring to ensure the stability of the spring's fall. S5. Spring transfer. The spring falls on a shock-absorbing platform. Operators move the spring along the slope beside the shock-absorbing platform to a shaping cavity located above the furnace. S6. Adjust the distance between the coils of the spring. Operators use mechanical means to adjust the distance between the coils of the spring located in the shaping cavity so that the distance between the coils of the spring meets the requirements. S7. Spring cooling. Open the partition plate between the shaping cavity and the oil pool, so that the spring rolls into the oil pool from the shaping cavity. S8. Tempering. Fish out the spring that has gone through step S7 from the oil pool. After cooling and cleaning the spring, put it into a tempering furnace for heating. After heating, wait for the spring to cool naturally. S9. Grinding. Grind both ends of the spring and the surface of the spring to remove burrs and oxides on the surface of the spring.

[0009] The present invention is further configured as follows: The hot coiling spring machine includes a frame, a mounting plate and a sliding seat. The sliding seat is slidably connected to the frame. The mounting plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the frame. The steel shaft is installed on the front side of the sliding seat. A through hole for the steel shaft to pass through is provided on the mounting plate. A number of guiding members are installed on the front side of the mounting plate. The guiding members are used to support the steel. A circular groove communicating with the through hole is provided on the front side of the mounting plate. A resisting ring is arranged in the circular groove. The inner diameter of the resisting ring is equal to the diameter of the through hole. An electric cylinder is installed on the rear side of the mounting plate. The output end of the electric cylinder passes through the mounting plate and is fixedly connected to the resisting ring. The resisting ring can move back and forth.

[0010] The present invention is further configured as follows: The shock-absorbing table is located on the front side of the hot coil spring machine. The ramp is located between the oil pool and the shock-absorbing table. Baffles are provided on both sides of the ramp and the shock-absorbing table. The shock-absorbing table includes a base platform and a shock-absorbing plate. A receiving cavity is formed on the top surface of the base platform. A number of elastic members are installed in the receiving cavity. One end of the elastic member abuts against the bottom surface of the shock-absorbing plate. One side of the ramp is integrally formed with the base platform.

[0011] The present invention is further configured as follows: The shaping cavity is located at one end of the ramp facing away from the base platform. The bottom wall of the shaping cavity is inclined. A scale bar is installed on the bottom wall of the shaping cavity. The length direction of the scale bar is arranged along the inclined direction of the bottom wall.

[0012] The present invention is further configured as follows: A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the partition plate. The partition plate rotates along the center line of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is located below the shaping cavity.

[0013] The present invention is further configured as follows: Heat insulation plates are provided on all inner walls of the furnace except the inner top wall.

[0014] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The shaping cavity is located above the furnace. Since the furnace needs to heat both ends of the steel to soften them, the temperature inside the furnace is relatively high. The furnace can increase the temperature inside the shaping cavity through heat conduction. The temperature in the shaping cavity is relatively high, which can reduce the speed of heat dissipation of the spring, enabling the operator to have more time to adjust the spacing of the springs. Moreover, the shaping cavity and the oil pool are separated by a partition plate. When the operator finishes shaping, just opening the partition plate can push the spring into the oil pool for cooling, reducing the time required for transporting the spring to the oil pool. Through the above settings, the applicant reduces the spring transportation time and increases the temperature in the shaping cavity to gain more time for the operator to shape the spring, thereby reducing the operation difficulty of the operator. And the heat used in the shaping cavity comes from the furnace, enabling the heat in the furnace to be utilized by the shaping cavity when heating one end of the steel, improving the energy utilization rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the oil pool, shock-absorbing table and hot coil spring machine in the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the oil pool, shock-absorbing table and hot coil spring machine in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 3 is Figure 2 an enlarged schematic view of part A in Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention for showing the structure of the shock-absorbing table Figure 5 For Figure 4 the enlarged schematic view of part B in

[0016] In the figure: 1, furnace; 2, shaping cavity; 3, oil pool; 4, frame; 5, mounting plate; 6, sliding seat; 7, steel shaft; 8, through hole; 9, guide; 10, circular groove; 11, abutting ring; 12, electric cylinder; 13, slope; 14, base; 15, shock-absorbing plate; 16, accommodating cavity; 17, elastic member; 18, scale bar; 19, partition plate. Specific embodiments

[0017] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0018] A production process of hot-rolled compression springs, as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, includes the following steps: S1. Shaping both ends of the steel. One end of the steel is put into the furnace 1 for heating, and then the heated end of the steel is flattened by a cone press. After the steel cools, repeat the above steps to flatten the other end of the steel so that both ends of the steel are rectangular. By pressing both ends of the steel into a rectangular shape by a cone press, when the subsequent steel is formed into a spring, both ends of the spring are rectangular. The rectangular ends can help the spring disperse the force during work, reduce the risk of concentrated stress, and thus extend the service life of the spring.

[0019] S2. Softening the steel. The steel after step S1 is put into a heating furnace for heating to soften the steel, which is convenient for subsequent coiling. S3. Coiling. One end of the steel after step S2 is fixed on the steel shaft 7 of the hot coiling spring machine through a fixing member. The steel shaft 7 rotates and drives the steel shaft 7 to move forward, so that the steel is coiled on the steel shaft 7 to form a spring. S4. Spring detachment. The fixing member is removed from the steel shaft 7, and the steel shaft 7 is driven to move backward until the steel shaft 7 is completely withdrawn from the spring. The operator uses a fixture to hold the spring to ensure the stability of the spring's fall. S5. Spring transfer. The spring falls on the shock-absorbing table, and the operator moves the spring along the slope 13 beside the shock-absorbing table to the shaping cavity 2 above the furnace 1. By directly extracting the steel shaft 7 from the center of the spring, the spring can automatically fall off the steel shaft 7. During the process of the spring detaching, people use a fixture to hold the spring, so that the spring remains balanced during the falling process. And the shock-absorbing platform is set so that when the spring falls to the ground, there is a shock-absorbing platform for buffering, reducing the impact of the spring on the ground. Also, the spring can be transported along the slope 13. Compared with the prior art of using a fixture for clamping and transportation, the transportation speed of the spring is faster and it is more labor-saving for the operator to transport.

[0020] S6, Adjust the distance between the coils of the spring. The operator uses mechanical means to adjust the distance between the coils of the spring located in the shaping cavity 2 so that the distance between the coils of the spring meets the requirements. S7, Cool the spring. Open the partition plate 19 between the shaping cavity 2 and the oil pool 3 so that the spring rolls into the oil pool 3 from the shaping cavity 2. S8, Tempering. Fish out the spring that has gone through step S7, cool and clean the spring, and then put it into the tempering furnace 1 for heating. After heating, wait for the spring to cool naturally. S9, Grinding. Grind both ends of the spring and the surface of the spring to remove the burrs and oxides on the surface of the spring.

[0021] The shaping cavity 2 is located above the furnace 1. Since the furnace 1 needs to forge and soften both ends of the steel, the temperature inside the furnace 1 is relatively high. The furnace 1 can increase the temperature inside the shaping cavity 2 through heat conduction. The temperature in the shaping cavity 2 is relatively high, which can reduce the heat dissipation speed of the spring, enabling the operator to have more time to adjust the distance between the coils of the spring. Also, the shaping cavity 2 and the oil pool 3 are separated by the partition plate 19. When the operator finishes shaping, just open the partition plate 19 to push the spring into the oil pool 3 for cooling, reducing the time required for transporting the spring to the oil pool 3. Through the above settings, the applicant reduces the spring transportation time and increases the temperature in the shaping cavity 2 to gain more time for the operator to shape the spring, thereby reducing the operation difficulty of the operator. And the heat used in the shaping cavity 2 comes from the furnace 1, so that when heating one end of the steel, the heat in the furnace 1 can also be utilized by the shaping cavity 2, improving the energy utilization rate.

[0022] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the hot coil spring machine includes a frame 4, a mounting plate 5 and a sliding seat 6. The sliding seat 6 is slidably connected to the frame 4, the mounting plate 5 is fixedly connected to the front side of the frame 4, the steel shaft 7 is installed on the front side of the sliding seat 6, and a through hole 8 for the steel shaft 7 to pass through is opened on the mounting plate 5. The sliding seat 6 slides back and forth on the frame 4 to control the length of the steel shaft 7 exposed outside the through hole 8. A number of guide members 9 are installed on the front side of the mounting plate 5. The guide members 9 are used to support the steel material. Specifically, the guide members 9 are slidably connected to the mounting plate 5. The guide members 9 include a shell and a fixed pulley. An annular groove is opened on the outer peripheral wall of the fixed pulley. The fixed pulley is rotatably connected to the shell. When the steel material needs to be curled and formed on the steel shaft 7, people put the steel material in the annular groove on the fixed pulley, and fix one end of the steel material on the steel shaft 7 through a fixing member. In the process of rotation and movement of the steel shaft 7, the fixed pulley will rotate to guide the movement of the steel shaft 7. The annular groove can limit the movement of the steel material with the movement of the steel column to ensure the stability of the steel material.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a circular groove 10 connected to the through hole 8 is opened on the front side of the mounting plate 5, and a resistance ring 11 is arranged in the circular groove 10. The inner diameter of the resistance ring 11 is equal to the diameter of the through hole 8. An electric cylinder 12 is installed on the rear side of the mounting plate 5. The output end of the electric cylinder 12 passes through the mounting plate 5 and is fixedly connected to the resistance ring 11. The resistance ring 11 can move forward and backward. In the normal state, the resistance ring 11 is accommodated in the circular groove 10. After the steel is curled into a spring on the steel shaft 7, the electric cylinder 12 is driven to move the resistance ring 11 forward until the resistance ring 11 moves to the front side of the guide member 9 and the downward projection surface of the resistance ring 11 is on the shock absorbing table. After the steel shaft 7 is moved into place, the operator removes the fixings on the steel shaft 7, and then drives the steel shaft 7 to move backward. During the movement of the steel shaft 7 backward, the spring moves backward with the steel shaft 7 until one end of the spring contacts the abutment ring 11. At this time, the steel shaft 7 continues to move backward. Since the spring is contacted by the abutment ring 11, the spring cannot move toward the through hole 8 until the steel shaft 7 is completely separated from the spring. During this process, the operator clamps the spring with a clamp to stabilize the spring during the falling process. This arrangement ensures that the spring will not interfere with the guide member 9 during the falling process, ensuring that the falling position of the spring can be on the shock absorbing platform.

[0024] like Figure 4As shown in the figure, the shock-absorbing platform is located on the front side of the hot coil spring machine. The ramp 13 is located between the oil pool 3 and the shock-absorbing platform. Baffles are provided on both sides of the ramp 13 and the shock-absorbing platform. The shock-absorbing platform includes a base 14 and a shock-absorbing plate 15. A receiving cavity 16 is formed on the top surface of the base 14. A number of elastic members 17 are installed in the receiving cavity 16. One end of the elastic member 17 abuts against the bottom surface of the shock-absorbing plate 15. The receiving cavity 16 includes a small rectangular cavity and a large rectangular cavity that are interconnected. The small rectangular cavity is located below the large rectangular cavity. One end of the elastic member 17 is fixed to the bottom of the small rectangular cavity. The cross-sectional shape of the shock-absorbing plate 15 is the same as that of the large rectangular cavity. After the spring is separated from the steel shaft 7, the spring moves downward to the shock-absorbing platform under the action of the fixture. After the spring contacts the shock-absorbing plate 15, a number of elastic members 17 will give an upward force to the shock-absorbing plate 15. This force will reduce the impact when the spring falls, preventing the spring from deforming due to the large impact force when it falls, and ensuring the safety of the spring. One side of the ramp 13 is integrally formed with the base 14. After the spring is on the shock-absorbing platform, the spring is pushed onto the ramp 13, so that the spring falls into the shaping cavity 2 along the ramp 13. During the process of the spring rolling along the ramp 13, the operator passes the fixture through the center of the spring, so that the fixture restricts the spring from rolling and makes the spring roll slowly, preventing the kinetic energy of the spring from rolling from being too large.

[0025] As Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown in the figure, the shaping cavity 2 is located at one end of the ramp 13 facing away from the base 14. The bottom wall of the shaping cavity 2 is inclined. A scale bar 18 is installed on the bottom wall of the shaping cavity 2. The length direction of the scale bar 18 is arranged along the inclined direction of the bottom wall. The distance between the bottom wall and the ground is smaller as it is farther away from the hot coil spring machine. Such a setting makes the spring fall into the shaping cavity 2. Since the bottom wall of the shaping cavity 2 is inclined, one end of the spring will abut against the inner wall of the shaping cavity 2. At this time, people can use mechanical means such as metal clips for adjustment. The setting of the scale bar 18 is convenient for the operator to judge whether the gap between the coils of the spring is too large and whether adjustment is needed. The slope of the part of the ramp 13 close to the shaping cavity 2 is relatively gentle, so as to facilitate the operator to stand, enabling the operator to stand on the ramp 13 to adjust the distance between the coils of the spring. A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the partition plate 19. The partition plate 19 rotates along the center line of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is located below the shaping cavity 2. After the operator adjusts the distance, the operator rotates the partition plate 19 towards the direction of the oil pool 3 and makes the partition plate 19 form a downward inclined plane. The operator pushes the spring towards the partition plate 19, so that the spring rolls towards the oil pool 3 under the action of inertia.

[0026] As Figure 4 shown in the figure, a retaining hopper is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the oil pool 3. Before the spring enters the oil pool 3, it first enters the retaining hopper. After the spring is stationary in the retaining hopper, the retaining hopper rotates downward, so that the spring enters the industrial oil in the oil pool 3 to be cooled, thus completing the quenching process of the spring.

[0027] As Figure 4 shown, in this process, step S1 is completed in the basement floor of the factory building, while steps S2 to S9 are all completed on the first floor of the factory building, so that the furnace 1 is located below the shaping cavity 2. A heat-conducting member for conducting heat is provided between the furnace 1 and the shaping cavity 2. The heat-conducting member is a metallic material with a melting point higher than that of steel. Heat-insulating plates are provided on all inner walls of the furnace 1 except for the inner top wall. The heat-insulating plates can prevent the temperature of the outer wall of the furnace 1 from being too high. Since the top wall of the furnace 1 needs to conduct heat through the heat-conducting member, no heat-insulating plate needs to be added, so that the temperature in the furnace 1 can be utilized to a certain extent.

[0028] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A production process of a hot-rolled compression spring, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Plastic shaping at both ends of the steel: Put one end of the steel into the furnace (1) for heating, and then flatten the heated end of the steel by a cone press. After the steel cools, repeat the above steps to flatten the other end of the steel so that both ends of the steel are rectangular; S2. Softening the steel: Put the steel after step S1 into a heating furnace for heating to soften the steel for subsequent coiling; S3. Coiling: Fix one end of the steel after step S2 on the steel shaft (7) of the hot coiling spring machine through a fixing member. The steel shaft (7) rotates and drives the steel shaft (7) to move forward, so that the steel is coiled on the steel shaft (7) to form a spring; S4. Spring detachment: Remove the fixing member from the steel shaft (7), and drive the steel shaft (7) to move backward until the steel shaft (7) is completely withdrawn from the spring. The operator uses a clamp to hold the spring to ensure the stability of the spring's fall; S5. Spring transfer: The spring falls on the shock-absorbing table, and the operator moves the spring along the slope (13) beside the shock-absorbing table to the shaping cavity (2) above the furnace (1); S6. Adjusting the distance between the coils of the spring: The operator uses mechanical means to adjust the distance between the coils of the spring in the shaping cavity (2) so that the distance between the coils of the spring meets the requirements; S7. Spring cooling: Open the partition plate (19) between the shaping cavity (2) and the oil pool (3), so that the spring rolls into the oil pool (3) from the shaping cavity (2); S8. Tempering: Fish out the spring after step S7 from the oil pool (3), cool and clean the spring, and then put it into a tempering furnace (1) for heating. After heating, wait for the spring to cool naturally; S9. Grinding: Grind both ends and the surface of the spring to remove burrs and oxides on the surface of the spring.

2. The production process of a hot-rolled compression spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot coiling spring machine includes a frame (4), a mounting plate (5) and a sliding seat (6). The sliding seat (6) is slidably connected to the frame (4). The mounting plate (5) is fixedly connected to the front side of the frame (4). The steel shaft (7) is installed on the front side of the sliding seat (6). A through hole (8) for the steel shaft (7) to pass through is opened on the mounting plate (5). A number of guiding members (9) are installed on the front side of the mounting plate (5). The guiding members (9) are used to support the steel. A circular groove (10) communicating with the through hole (8) is opened on the front side of the mounting plate (5). A resisting ring (11) is arranged in the circular groove (10). The inner diameter of the resisting ring (11) is equal to the diameter of the through hole (8). An electric cylinder (12) is installed on the rear side of the mounting plate (5). The output end of the electric cylinder (12) passes through the mounting plate (5) and is fixedly connected to the resisting ring (11). The resisting ring (11) can move back and forth.

3. The production process of a hot coiled compression spring according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock-absorbing table is located on the front side of the hot coil spring machine. The ramp (13) is located between the oil tank (3) and the shock-absorbing table. Baffles are provided on both sides of the ramp (13) and the shock-absorbing table. The shock-absorbing table comprises a base (14) and a shock-absorbing plate (15). A receiving cavity (16) is formed in the top surface of the base (14). A number of elastic members (17) are installed in the receiving cavity (16). One end of the elastic member (17) abuts against the bottom surface of the shock-absorbing plate (15). One side of the ramp (13) is integrally formed with the base (14).

4. The production process of a hot coiled compression spring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shaping cavity (2) is located at one end of the ramp (13) facing away from the base (14). The bottom wall of the shaping cavity (2) is inclined. A scale bar (18) is installed on the bottom wall of the shaping cavity (2). The length direction of the scale bar (18) is arranged along the inclined direction of the bottom wall.

5. The production process of a hot-rolled compression spring according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rotating shaft is fixedly connected to the partition plate (19). The partition plate (19) rotates along the center line of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is located below the shaping cavity (2).

6. The production process of a hot coiled compression spring according to claim 1, characterized in that: Heat insulation plates are provided on all inner walls of the furnace (1) except the inner top wall.

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