An axle housing positioning device, machine tool and method

Abstract

An automobile axle housing positioning device, machine tool and method relate to the field of automobile part machining technology; the device comprises a mounting plate, the front end surface of the mounting plate is detachably connected with a driving mechanism and a gas supply mechanism, and the lower end of the driving mechanism is detachably connected with a positioning mechanism; the positioning mechanism comprises a connecting part, the lower part of the connecting part is pivotally connected with an adjusting part, and the adjusting part is pneumatically connected with the gas supply mechanism; the machine tool comprises a numerical control device and a main shaft head, and further comprises the automobile axle housing positioning device; the method comprises adjusting the spacing and position of two sliding blocks; the extension length of two adjusting studs is adjusted, so that the angle of the adjusting part is adjusted; the positioning mechanism is driven to move downward, so that the two adjusting parts are in pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece, until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted in place; the axle housing workpiece is clamped, the positioning mechanism is driven to move upward to a predetermined position, and positioning is completed. The device has the advantages of high positioning efficiency, flexible contact with the workpiece, and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of automotive parts processing technology, and in particular to an automotive axle housing positioning device, machine tool, and method. Background Technology

[0002] As a key component of the automotive chassis transmission system, the axle housing bears the heavy responsibility of bearing pressure, transmitting force, and protecting core transmission components. In the manufacturing process of medium and heavy-duty axle housings, a crucial step is machining the upper bore, including the inner surface, the upper end face, and multiple threaded holes and locating pin holes distributed on the upper end face. Its machining accuracy directly affects the overall vehicle performance and driving safety. Currently, this is mainly done using vertical machining centers. In terms of fixtures and tooling, the rotational positioning of the axle housing workpiece around its axis is paramount to ensuring machining accuracy.

[0003] CN207058149U discloses a flexible hydraulic clamp for a small vertical machining center used on a vehicle axle, including a clamp base. The clamp base is characterized by having a bottom auxiliary support cylinder, a side clamping cylinder, a cantilevered reinforcing ring large-face horizontal calibration cylinder mechanism, and a slide. The cantilevered reinforcing ring large-face horizontal calibration cylinder mechanism is composed of a leveling cylinder and a leveling arm. The slide is connected to a shaft head support positioning V-block, a main clamping cylinder, and a flange end face indirect positioning and measuring mechanism. The flange end face indirect positioning and measuring mechanism is composed of a positioning cylinder and a positioning body. A lead screw and a handwheel are provided on the slide, and the lateral distance is adjusted via the lead screw and handwheel.

[0004] While existing technologies have addressed the accuracy and efficiency issues in machining the pipa holes on axle housings to some extent, several shortcomings remain. First, current technologies struggle to achieve precise positioning of the upper surface of the pipa holes required for rework, lacking multi-dimensional angle adjustment capabilities and failing to meet multi-angle positioning requirements under special machining needs. Second, the positioning components of existing technologies lack flexibility, unable to adapt to precise positioning of workpieces with different hole diameters, thus limiting their applicability. Furthermore, the structures of existing technologies are relatively complex and bulky, with narrow operating ranges and poor flexibility. Regarding positioning accuracy and reliability, the workpiece contact method employed in existing technologies results in poor positioning precision and lacks effective means of testing positioning reliability. Finally, existing technologies often employ traditional hydraulic control methods, which may cause bending deformation of the axle housing workpiece during positioning due to its own weight or rigid contact, lacking flexible control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automotive axle housing positioning device, machine tool, and method, which has the advantages of high positioning efficiency and accuracy, flexible contact with the workpiece, multi-angle adjustment capability, light weight, low manufacturing cost, and wide applicability. It can solve the problems of existing technologies, such as lack of multi-angle adjustment function, poor positioning accuracy, poor versatility, and easy bending deformation.

[0006] This invention provides the following solutions

[0007] A positioning device for an automotive axle housing includes a mounting plate, a drive mechanism and an air supply mechanism detachably connected to the front end of the mounting plate, and a positioning mechanism detachably connected to the lower end of the drive mechanism; the positioning mechanism includes a connecting component, an adjusting component pivotally connected to the lower part of the connecting component, and the adjusting component being pneumatically connected to the air supply mechanism.

[0008] The adjustment component is a part that directly contacts the bridge housing workpiece. It is driven to move up and down by the drive mechanism to adjust and position the workpiece. Air is supplied to it by the air supply mechanism, and the workpiece positioning is identified by air tightness detection.

[0009] Furthermore, the connecting component includes a connecting seat, and an adjusting component is pivotally connected to the lower part of the connecting seat; threaded through holes are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting seat, and adjusting studs are threadedly connected to the threaded through holes, with the adjusting studs exposed above and below the upper and lower end faces of the connecting seat, respectively; a locking nut is threadedly connected to the upper end of each adjusting stud, and the lower ends of the two adjusting studs respectively contact the left and right sides of the upper surface of the adjusting component; a slider is slidably connected to the bottom of the adjusting component, and a positioning component is detachably connected to the bottom end of each slider, the positioning component being connected to the air supply mechanism through a pipe.

[0010] The threaded through hole is connected to an adjusting stud, which can be rotated to adjust the extension length, thereby adjusting the angle of the adjusting component; the upper end of the adjusting stud is connected to a locking nut to lock the adjusting stud and prevent it from moving up and down; the spacing of the positioning components can be adjusted by a slider to accommodate the positioning of bridge housing workpieces with different piezore diameters; the air supply mechanism supplies air to the positioning components, and the air tightness test identifies whether the workpiece has been positioned.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes an adjusting plate, on the upper surface of which a pivot is fixedly connected. The pivot has a conical structure. A connecting groove is provided at the center of the connecting seat, and the pivot is rotatably accommodated in the connecting groove. A pin hole is provided at the upper part of the pivot. Through holes are provided at the middle of the front and rear faces of the connecting seat corresponding to the pin hole positions. Both through holes communicate with the connecting groove. A pin is rotatably sleeved in both through holes and the pin hole. The front end of the pin protrudes from the front wall of the connecting seat. A limiting pin hole is provided at the front end of the pin, and a limiting pin is detachably connected in the limiting pin hole.

[0012] The pivot can rotate around the pin, thereby adjusting the angle; the limiting pin limits the pin, preventing it from sliding out of the through hole.

[0013] Furthermore, an angle indicator is fixedly connected to the front end face of the connecting seat. The angle indicator includes an angle disk and a pointer. The angle disk is fixedly connected to the middle of the front end face of the connecting seat. The angle disk has a semi-circular ring structure, and the center of the angle disk is coaxial with the pin shaft. The angle disk is provided with a scale. The upper end of the pointer is rotatably sleeved on the pin shaft between the limiting pin and the front end face of the connecting seat. Under the action of its own gravity, the pointer points vertically downward. The pointer and the angle disk cooperate to indicate the tilt angle of the adjustment plate.

[0014] Furthermore, a limiting plate is detachably connected to the front end of the bottom of the adjusting plate. The limiting plate has an L-shaped structure. A guide groove is provided in the middle of the long arm end face of the limiting plate. A slide rail is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the adjusting plate along the length direction. Two sliders are slidably connected on the slide rail. A limiting stud is fixedly connected to the front end of each slider. The two limiting studs are slidably sleeved in the guide groove. A wing nut is threaded to the front end of each limiting stud.

[0015] The limiting stud is slidably sleeved in the guide groove, which plays a role in stabilizing and guiding; rotating the wing nut can lock the slider relative to the limiting plate.

[0016] Furthermore, a positioning component is detachably connected to the lower end of the slider. The positioning component includes an airtight assembly. The airtight assembly includes a positioning block, which is detachably connected to the lower end of the slider. The positioning block has a cuboid structure, and air holes are provided on its side walls. An airtight connector is threaded into the air holes and located on the outer side wall of the positioning block. A ball groove is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning block. The airtight connector communicates with the ball groove through the air holes. An airtight ball is slidably accommodated within the ball groove, and the airtight ball can make sealing contact with the air holes. A spring is provided between the top wall of the ball groove and the airtight ball. An end cap is provided below the airtight ball. It is detachably connected to the lower surface of the positioning block; the end cap has a ball hole in the middle, in which the airtight ball can be accommodated. The bottom end of the ball hole has an inwardly recessed limiting flange. The airtight ball can partially protrude and stop outside the inwardly recessed limiting flange, and can roll into contact with the upper surface of the automobile axle housing; the positioning component also includes an airtight detection switch, which is detachably connected to the bottom right side of the front end face of the mounting plate. The upper end of the airtight detection switch has an air inlet, which is connected to the air supply mechanism through a pipe; the lower end of the airtight detection switch has two air outlets, which are connected to the airtight components on the left and right sliders respectively through pipes.

[0017] The airtight connector connects to the ball groove through an air hole to form a gas passage. The airtight ball and the air hole can make a sealed contact to open and close the gas passage. A spring is installed between the top wall of the ball groove and the airtight ball to keep the gas passage open in the free state. The airtight ball can protrude partially and stop at the limiting flange to allow the airtight ball to slide up and down in the ball hole without sliding out of the ball hole. The airtight detection switch is used to detect the airtight signal and send it to the machine tool control system.

[0018] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes a guide rod cylinder, the cylinder barrel of which is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate; an air supply mechanism is detachably connected to the upper right side of the front end face of the mounting plate; the air supply mechanism is connected to a reversing valve via a pipe, the reversing valve is detachably connected to the middle right side of the front end face of the mounting plate, and the reversing valve is connected to the guide rod cylinder via a pipe; a slot is provided on the outer side wall of the guide rod cylinder along the vertical direction, and a magnetic switch is slidably connected in the slot; an air pipe connector is threaded to the top of the outer side wall of the guide rod cylinder, and the air pipe connector is connected to the reversing valve via a pipe; a pilot speed control valve is threaded to the bottom of the outer side wall of the guide rod cylinder, and the pilot speed control valve is connected to the reversing valve via a pipe, and the air pipe connector is also connected to the pilot speed control valve via a pipe; a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder, and the lower surface of the connecting plate is detachably connected to the upper surface of the connecting seat of the positioning mechanism.

[0019] The reversing valve is connected to the guide rod cylinder via a pipe and is used to control the airflow to control the extension and retraction of the guide rod cylinder. The magnetic switch can slide up and down to adjust its position and then be fixed. Its function is to detect the piston position of the guide rod cylinder through magnetic force. The magnetic switch is electrically connected to the machine tool control system. When the piston reaches the height of the magnetic switch, it sends a signal to the machine tool control system, which then controls the piston to stop rising. The air pipe connector is connected to the reversing valve via a pipe and is used to supply air to the upper chamber of the guide rod cylinder. The pilot speed control valve is connected to the reversing valve via a pipe. Its function is to close the air passage of the lower chamber of the guide rod cylinder, so that the extension and retraction end of the guide rod cylinder will not descend due to its own weight, thereby accurately controlling the position and height of the extension and retraction end.

[0020] Furthermore, the driving mechanism includes an electric telescopic rod, which is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate; a connecting plate is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod, and the lower surface of the connecting plate is detachably connected to the upper surface of the connecting seat of the positioning mechanism.

[0021] Using an electric telescopic rod instead of a guide rod cylinder, reversing valve, and magnetic switch for telescopic drive, the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the machine tool, and the telescopic position of the electric telescopic rod can be directly controlled by the machine tool, which can improve control accuracy and speed.

[0022] A machine tool includes a CNC device and a spindle head, and also includes the aforementioned automotive axle housing positioning device. The mounting plate is detachably connected to the outer side wall of the spindle head by bolts. The adjustment components of the drive mechanism, the air supply mechanism, and the positioning mechanism are electrically connected to the CNC device.

[0023] The automotive axle housing positioning device can move together with the spindle head, resulting in a wider range of operation and better flexibility. Each component of the device is electrically connected to the CNC device, enabling automated control and saving labor. Furthermore, the machine tool possesses all the advantages of the automotive axle housing positioning device.

[0024] A method for positioning an automotive axle housing, based on the aforementioned machine tool, includes the following steps:

[0025] Adjust the distance and position of the two sliders;

[0026] Adjust the extension length of the two adjusting studs to adjust the angle of the adjusting component;

[0027] The drive positioning mechanism moves downward, causing the two adjusting components to make pressure contact with the surface of the axle housing workpiece until the angle of the axle housing workpiece is adjusted to the correct position.

[0028] The bridge housing workpiece is clamped, and the driving positioning mechanism is moved upward to the predetermined position to complete the positioning.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] The automotive axle housing positioning device, machine tool, and method provided by this invention can achieve multi-angle positioning. The positioning mechanism adopts pneumatic control, which is more flexible and will not cause bending deformation to the axle housing workpiece during the positioning process. It directly reduces damage to the spindle, resulting in lower manufacturing and maintenance costs. It is lighter in weight and simpler in structure, and can be detachably installed on the machine tool spindle head and moved together, with a wider range of application and better flexibility. The positioning action is controlled by the machine tool program, achieving one-step positioning and improving the positioning efficiency of the axle housing workpiece. The use of an airtight ball to contact the workpiece makes the positioning more accurate, and the reliability of the positioning is tested through airtightness, significantly improving the certainty and reliability of the positioning. The spacing of the positioning components is adjustable, which can adapt to the positioning of axle housing workpieces with different aperture diameters. It avoids the interference of the spindle, broaching tool, and other mechanisms on the positioning in traditional positioning methods. The device is electrically connected to the CNC device of the machine tool to achieve automated control, saving time and effort. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0032] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the automobile axle housing positioning device of the present invention;

[0033] Appendix Figure 2 This is an exploded view of a portion of the positioning mechanism described in this invention;

[0034] Appendix Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the positioning component described in this invention;

[0035] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the end cap structure described in this invention;

[0036] Appendix Figure 5 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the machine tool described in this invention;

[0037] Appendix Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the automobile axle housing positioning method described in this invention.

[0038] In the picture:

[0039] 1. Mounting plate; 2. Drive mechanism; 21. Guide rod cylinder; 211. Connecting plate; 22. Reversing valve; 23. Air pipe connector; 24. Pilot speed control valve; 25. Magnetic switch; 3. Positioning mechanism; 31. Connecting component; 311. Connecting seat; 3111. Connecting groove; 3112. Through hole; 312. Adjusting stud; 313. Locking nut; 314. Pin; 315. Limit pin; 316. Angle indicator; 3161. Pointer; 3162. Angle disc; 32. Adjusting component; 321. Adjusting plate; 322. Pivot; 3221, Pin hole; 323, Slide rail; 324, Slider; 3241, Limiting stud; 3242, Wing nut; 325, Positioning component; 3251, Air tightness detection switch; 3252, Air tightness assembly; 3253, Positioning block; 32531, Ball groove; 32532, Air hole; 3254, Air tightness connector; 3255, Air tightness ball; 3256, Spring; 3257, End cap; 32571, Ball hole; 32572, Limiting flange; 326, Limiting plate; 3261, Guide groove; 4, Air supply mechanism; 5, Spindle head. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application. The singular forms “a,” “said,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms, and “multiple” generally includes at least two unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0042] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0043] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc., may be used in the embodiments of this application, these descriptions should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the descriptions. For example, first may also be referred to as second without departing from the scope of the embodiments of this application, and similarly, second may also be referred to as first.

[0044] Depending on the context, the words “if” or “suppose” as used here can be interpreted as “when” or “in response to determination” or “in response to detection.” Similarly, depending on the context, the phrases “if determination” or “if detection (of the stated condition or event)” can be interpreted as “when determination” or “in response to determination” or “when detection (of the stated condition or event)” or “in response to detection (of the stated condition or event).”

[0045] It should also be noted that the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that an article or device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such an article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the article or device that includes said element.

[0046] It should be noted that any symbols and / or numbers present in the specification that are not marked in the accompanying drawings are not reference numerals.

[0047] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides an automotive axle housing positioning device, including a mounting plate 1. The rear end face of the mounting plate 1 is detachably connected to the spindle head 5 of a machine tool. The front end face of the mounting plate 1 is detachably connected to a drive mechanism 2. The lower end of the drive mechanism 2 is detachably connected to a positioning mechanism 3. The lower end of the positioning mechanism 3 can contact the upper edge of the pipa hole of the axle housing workpiece.

[0048] Specifically, the mounting plate 1 has a rectangular structure, and the drive mechanism 2 includes a guide rod cylinder 21. The cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder 21 is bolted to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. An air supply mechanism 4 is bolted to the upper right side of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. In this embodiment, the air supply mechanism 4 is a pneumatic triplet used to provide compressed air with stable pressure. The pneumatic triplet is connected to a reversing valve 22 through a pipe. The reversing valve 22 is bolted to the middle right side of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. The reversing valve 22 is connected to the guide rod cylinder 21 through a pipe and is used to control the airflow to control the extension and retraction of the guide rod cylinder 21. A slot is provided on the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder 21 along the vertical direction. A magnetic switch 25 is slidably connected in the slot. The magnetic switch 25 can slide up and down to adjust its position and be fixed. Its function is to detect the piston position of the guide rod cylinder 21 through magnetic force. The magnetic switch 25 is electrically connected to the machine tool control system. When the piston reaches the height of the magnetic switch 25, it sends a signal to the machine tool control system, which then controls the piston to stop rising. The top of the outer wall of the guide rod cylinder 21 is threaded with an air pipe connector 23, which is connected to the reversing valve 22 through a pipe. The bottom of the outer wall of the guide rod cylinder 21 is threaded with a pilot speed control valve 24, which is connected to the reversing valve 22 through a pipe. Its function is to close the air passage of the lower chamber of the guide rod cylinder 21, so that the extension end of the guide rod cylinder 21 will not descend due to its own weight. The air pipe connector 23 is also connected to the pilot speed control valve 24 through a pipe. The lower end of the extension end of the guide rod cylinder 21 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 211. The connecting plate 211 has a rectangular plate structure, and the lower surface of the connecting plate 211 is bolted with a positioning mechanism 3.

[0049] Specifically, please refer to Figures 2 to 4As shown, the positioning mechanism 3 includes a connecting component 31, which includes a connecting seat 311. The connecting seat 311 is a rectangular strip structure with a connecting groove 3111 at its center. Threaded through holes are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting seat 311. Adjusting studs 312 are threaded into the threaded through holes, allowing for adjustment of their extension length by rotation. A locking nut 313 is threaded onto the upper end of the adjusting stud 312 to lock it in place, preventing it from moving up or down. An adjusting component 32 is pivotally connected to the lower part of the connecting seat 311. The adjusting component 32 includes an adjusting plate 321, with a pivot 322 fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the adjusting plate 321. The pivot 322 has a conical structure and can be rotatably housed in the connecting groove 3111. The upper part of the pivot 322 is provided with a pin hole 3221. The front end face and the middle part of the rear end face of the connecting seat 311 are respectively provided with through holes 3112. Both through holes 3112 are connected to the connecting groove 3111. The two through holes 3112 and the pin hole 3221 are rotatably sleeved with a pin 314. The pivot 322 can rotate around the pin 314. The front end of the pin 314 protrudes outside the front end wall of the connecting seat 311. The front end of the pin 314 is provided with a limiting pin hole. A limiting pin 315 can be detachably connected in the limiting pin hole to limit the pin and prevent the pin 314 from sliding out of the through hole 3112.

[0050] The lower end of the adjusting stud 312 contacts the left and right sides of the upper surface of the adjusting plate 321 to adjust the angle of the adjusting plate 321. An angle indicator 316 is fixedly connected to the front end face of the connecting seat 311. The angle indicator 316 includes an angle disk 3162 and a pointer 3161. The angle disk 3162 is fixedly connected to the middle of the front end face of the connecting seat 311. The angle disk 3162 has a semi-circular ring structure, and its center is coaxial with the pin 314. The angle disk 3162 is provided with a scale. The upper end of the pointer 3161 is slidably sleeved on the pin 314 between the limiting pin 315 and the front end face of the connecting seat 311. Under the action of its own gravity, the pointer 3161 points vertically downward. The pointer 3161 and the angle disk 3162 cooperate to indicate the current tilt angle of the adjusting plate 321.

[0051] A limiting plate 326 is bolted to the front end of the bottom of the adjusting plate 321. The limiting plate 326 has an L-shaped structure and a guide groove 3261 in the middle of the limiting plate 326 to provide a stable guiding function. A slide rail 323 is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the adjusting plate 321 along the left and right direction. A slider 324 is slidably connected near both ends of the slide rail 323. A limiting stud 3241 is fixedly connected to the front end of the slider 324. The limiting stud 3241 is slidably sleeved in the guide groove 3261. A wing nut 3242 is threaded to the front end of the limiting stud 3241. Rotating the wing nut 3242 can lock the slider 324 relative to the limiting plate 326.

[0052] The lower end of the slider 324 is bolted to a positioning component 325. The positioning component 325 positions the workpiece through an airtightness test, and includes an airtight assembly 3252 and an airtightness detection switch 3251. The airtight assembly 3252 includes a positioning block 3253, which is bolted to the lower end of the slider 324. The positioning block 3253 has a cuboid structure, and air holes 32532 are provided on its side wall. An airtight connector 3254 is internally threaded into the air holes 32532. The airtight connector 3254 is provided with... A ball groove 32531 is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning block 3253, which is placed on the outer wall of the positioning block 3253. The airtight connector 3254 is connected to the ball groove 32531 through the air hole 32532 to form a gas passage. An airtight ball 3255 is slidably connected in the ball groove 32531. The airtight ball 3255 is made of metal and can be sealed to the air hole 32532 to realize the opening and closing of the gas passage. A spring 3256 is provided between the top wall of the ball groove 32531 and the airtight ball 3255. Its function is to keep the air passage open in the free state; an end cap 3257 is provided below the airtight ball 3255, and the end cap 3257 is detachably connected to the lower surface of the positioning block 3253; a ball hole 32571 is provided in the middle of the end cap 3257, and the airtight ball 3255 can be accommodated in the ball hole 32571. A limiting flange 32572 is provided at the bottom end of the ball hole 32571, and the airtight ball 3255 can partially protrude and stop at the limiting flange 32572, so that the airtight ball 3255 can be accommodated in the ball hole 32571. 571 slides up and down and cannot slide out of the ball hole 32571; the air tightness detection switch 3251 is bolted to the bottom right side of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. The upper end of the air tightness detection switch 3251 is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the pneumatic triplet through a pipe. The lower end of the air tightness detection switch 3251 is provided with two air outlets, which are connected to the air tightness components 3252 on the left and right sliders 324 through pipes respectively. The air tightness detection switch 3251 is used to detect the air tightness signal and send it to the machine tool control system.

[0053] The gas supplied by the pneumatic triplet flows into the airtight assembly 3252 through the airtightness detection switch 3251 and flows out from the bottom of the airtight ball 3255 cover. The airtight ball 3255 protrudes from the lower end of the end cover 3257 and is used to contact the workpiece surface, generating a downward force on the workpiece. The airtight ball 3255 moves in the opposite direction under the reaction force, compressing the spring 3256 until it seals against the air hole 32532, preventing the gas from flowing out. At this time, the airtightness detection switch 3251 detects the airtightness signal and sends it to the machine tool control system. When the gas does not flow out from either of the two airtight assemblies 3252, the positioning is considered successful.

[0054] Please see Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment also provides a machine tool, including a spindle head 5 and the aforementioned automobile axle housing positioning device. The mounting plate 1 of the device is detachably connected to the outer wall of the spindle head 5 by bolts and can move together with the spindle head 5.

[0055] Please see Figure 6 As shown, this embodiment also provides a method for positioning an automotive axle housing, based on the aforementioned machine tool, including the following steps:

[0056] Adjust the spacing and position of the two sliders 324;

[0057] Adjust the extension length of the two adjusting studs 312 to adjust the angle of the adjusting component 32;

[0058] The drive positioning mechanism 3 moves downward, so that the two adjusting components 32 make pressure contact with the surface of the bridge housing workpiece until the angle of the bridge housing workpiece is adjusted to the correct position.

[0059] The bridge housing workpiece is clamped, and the positioning mechanism 3 is driven to move upward to the predetermined position to complete the positioning.

[0060] Specifically, the bridge housing workpiece is placed on the machine tool fixture, with the journals on both sides placed on V-clamps, and the pipa holes facing upwards. The fixture used is a common type in the industry and will not be described in detail. The distance between the two sliders 324 is adjusted according to the diameter of the pipa holes, and the positions of the two sliders 324 are adjusted until the midpoint of the line connecting the two sliders 324 coincides vertically with the center of the pipa holes. Then, the wing nuts are tightened to lock the two sliders 324 onto the limit plate 326. When the subsequent processed products are the same, no further adjustment is required. When the subsequent processed products are different, adjustment is required. Generally, product changes on the production line are not frequent. Therefore, when frequent product changes are required, the travel position can be adjusted when programming the machine tool worktable positioning and movement.

[0061] Then, according to the positioning requirements of the axle housing workpiece, the horizontal angle of the adjusting plate 321 is adjusted by adjusting the extension length of the two adjusting studs 312. Under normal processing requirements, the adjusting plate 321 needs to be adjusted to be horizontal, that is, the pointer 3161 is vertically downward under the action of gravity and points to the zero-degree position in the middle of the angle plate 3162, and then the locking nut 313 is tightened to fix it. Under special processing requirements such as rework, it is necessary to adjust according to the specific requirements. For example, if the axle housing workpiece needs to be rotated 2° clockwise around the axis, the pointer 3161 can be made to point to the 2° position on the angle plate 3162 by adjusting the extension length of the studs 312, and then fixed.

[0062] The bridge housing workpiece moves to the positioning position along with the machine tool table. The positioning device moves downward to the working position along with the machine tool spindle head 5. If it is a small vertical machining center, the position of the machine tool spindle head 5 is low, so it does not need to move downward. The positioning mechanism 3 moves downward under the drive of the guide rod cylinder 21. The two airtight balls 3255 contact the workpiece surface and exert force on the workpiece. The airtight balls 3255 move in the opposite direction under the reaction force, compressing the spring 3256. Finally, they make sealing contact with the air hole 32532 on the inner wall of the ball groove 32531, thus closing the air passage. When the airflow cannot flow out, the airtightness detection switch 3251 detects that the gas on both sides is not flowing out. The workpiece angle is adjusted to the correct position. The airtightness detection switch 3251 sends the workpiece angle adjustment signal to the machine tool control system. The machine tool controls the fixture to perform the clamping action. After clamping is completed, the positioning mechanism 3 moves upward under the drive of the guide rod cylinder 21 until the magnetic switch 25 is triggered, and the upward movement stops. At the same time, the machine tool program controls the closing of the pilot speed control valve 24 so that the extension end of the guide rod cylinder 21 will not sink due to its own weight, causing machining interference.

[0063] At this point, the flexible positioning of the bridge housing is complete, and the machine tool can proceed with subsequent processing steps.

[0064] Example 2: This example provides an automotive axle housing positioning device. Based on Example 1, an electric telescopic rod (not shown in the drawings) is used to replace the guide rod cylinder 21, the reversing valve 22, and the magnetic switch 25 for telescopic drive, which can improve control accuracy and speed.

[0065] Specifically, the mounting plate 1 has a rectangular structure, and the drive mechanism 2 includes an electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate 1. The electric telescopic rod is electrically connected to the machine tool, and the telescopic position of the electric telescopic rod is directly controlled by the machine tool. A connecting plate 211 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod. The connecting plate 211 has a rectangular plate structure, and a positioning mechanism 3 is bolted to the lower surface of the connecting plate 211.

[0066] This embodiment also provides a machine tool, including a CNC device and a spindle head 5, and also includes the aforementioned automobile axle housing positioning device. The mounting plate 1 of the device is detachably connected to the outer side wall of the spindle head 5 by bolts and can move together with the spindle head 5. The adjustment components 32 of the drive mechanism 2, the air supply mechanism 4 and the positioning mechanism 3 are electrically connected to the CNC device.

[0067] This embodiment also provides a method for positioning an automotive axle housing, based on the aforementioned machine tool, including the following steps:

[0068] Adjust the spacing and position of the two sliders 324;

[0069] Adjust the extension length of the two adjusting studs 312 to adjust the angle of the adjusting component 32;

[0070] The drive positioning mechanism 3 moves downward, so that the two adjusting components 32 make pressure contact with the surface of the bridge housing workpiece until the angle of the bridge housing workpiece is adjusted to the correct position.

[0071] The bridge housing workpiece is clamped, and the positioning mechanism 3 is driven to move upward to the predetermined position to complete the positioning.

[0072] Example 3: This example provides an automotive axle housing positioning device. Based on Example 1 or 2, the airtight ball 3255 can be replaced with a ceramic material, which is hard and wear-resistant, extending its service life.

[0073] This embodiment also provides a machine tool, including a CNC device and a spindle head 5, and also includes the aforementioned automobile axle housing positioning device. The mounting plate 1 of the device is detachably connected to the outer side wall of the spindle head 5 by bolts and can move together with the spindle head 5. The adjustment components 32 of the drive mechanism 2, the air supply mechanism 4 and the positioning mechanism 3 are electrically connected to the CNC device.

[0074] This embodiment also provides a method for positioning an automotive axle housing, based on the aforementioned machine tool, including the following steps:

[0075] Adjust the spacing and position of the two sliders 324;

[0076] Adjust the extension length of the two adjusting studs 312 to adjust the angle of the adjusting component 32;

[0077] The drive positioning mechanism 3 moves downward, so that the two adjusting components 32 make pressure contact with the surface of the bridge housing workpiece until the angle of the bridge housing workpiece is adjusted to the correct position.

[0078] The bridge housing workpiece is clamped, and the positioning mechanism 3 is driven to move upward to the predetermined position to complete the positioning.

[0079] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A positioning device for an automobile axle housing, characterized in that, The device includes a mounting plate (1), the front end of which is detachably connected to a drive mechanism (2) and an air supply mechanism (4), and the lower end of the drive mechanism (2) is detachably connected to a positioning mechanism (3); the positioning mechanism (3) includes a connecting component (31), and the lower part of the connecting component (31) is pivotally connected to an adjusting component (32), which is pneumatically connected to the air supply mechanism (4); The connecting component (31) includes a connecting seat (311), and an adjusting component (32) is pivotally connected to the lower part of the connecting seat (311). Threaded through holes are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the connecting seat (311). Adjusting studs (312) are threadedly connected to the threaded through holes, and the upper and lower ends of the adjusting studs (312) are respectively exposed outside the upper and lower end faces of the connecting seat (311). A locking nut (313) is threadedly connected to the upper end of each adjusting stud (312). The lower ends of the two adjusting studs (312) respectively contact the left and right sides of the upper surface of the adjusting component (32). A slider (324) is slidably connected to the bottom of the adjusting component (32). A positioning component (325) is detachably connected to the bottom end of each slider (324). The positioning component (325) is connected to the gas supply mechanism (4) through a pipe. The lower end of the slider (324) is detachably connected to a positioning component (325), the positioning component (325) including an airtight assembly (3252); the airtight assembly (3252) includes a positioning block (3253), the positioning block (3253) is detachably connected to the lower end of the slider (324), the positioning block (3253) has a cuboid structure, and an air hole (32532) is provided on the side wall of the positioning block (3253), and an airtight connector (3254) is internally threaded into the air hole (32532). Furthermore, the airtight connector (3254) is disposed on the outer wall of the positioning block (3253), and a ball groove (32531) is provided at the center of the lower surface of the positioning block (3253). The airtight connector (3254) is connected to the ball groove (32531) through the air hole (32532). An airtight ball (3255) is slidably accommodated in the ball groove (32531), and the airtight ball (3255) can make sealed contact with the air hole (32532). A spring (3) is provided between the top wall of the ball groove (32531) and the airtight ball (3255). 256); An end cap (3257) is provided below the airtight ball (3255), and the end cap (3257) is detachably connected to the lower surface of the positioning block (3253); a ball hole (32571) is provided in the middle of the end cap (3257), and the airtight ball (3255) can be accommodated in the ball hole (32571). The bottom end of the ball hole (32571) is provided with an inwardly recessed limiting flange (32572). The airtight ball (3255) can partially protrude and stop outside the inwardly recessed limiting flange (32572), and can be connected to the automobile axle housing. The upper surface of the device is in rolling contact; the positioning component (325) also includes an airtightness detection switch (3251), which is detachably connected to the bottom right side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1). The upper end of the airtightness detection switch (3251) is provided with an air inlet, which is connected to the air supply mechanism (4) through a pipe; the lower end of the airtightness detection switch (3251) is provided with two air outlets, which are connected to the airtightness components (3252) on the left and right sliders (324) through pipes.

2. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting component (32) includes an adjusting plate (321), and a pivot (322) is fixedly connected to the center of the upper surface of the adjusting plate (321). The pivot (322) has a conical structure. A connecting groove (3111) is provided at the center of the connecting seat (311), and the pivot (322) is rotatably accommodated in the connecting groove (3111). A pin hole (3221) is provided at the upper part of the pivot (322), and the middle of the front end face and the rear end face of the connecting seat (311) are... A through hole (3112) is provided corresponding to the pin hole (3221). Both through holes (3112) are connected to the connecting groove (3111). A pin (314) is rotatably sleeved in both through holes (3112) and the pin hole (3221). The front end of the pin (314) protrudes outside the front wall of the connecting seat (311). A limiting pin hole is provided at the front end of the pin (314). A limiting pin (315) is detachably connected in the limiting pin hole.

3. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, An angle indicator (316) is fixedly connected to the front end face of the connecting seat (311). The angle indicator (316) includes an angle disk (3162) and a pointer (3161). The angle disk (3162) is fixedly connected to the middle of the front end face of the connecting seat (311). The angle disk (3162) has a semi-circular ring structure. The center of the angle disk (3162) is coaxial with the pin (314). The angle disk (3162) is provided with a scale. The upper end of the pointer (3161) is rotatably sleeved on the pin (314) between the limiting pin (315) and the front end face of the connecting seat (311). Under the action of its own gravity, the pointer (3161) points vertically downward. The pointer (3161) and the angle disk (3162) cooperate to indicate the tilt angle of the adjustment plate (321).

4. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom front end of the adjusting plate (321) is detachably connected to a limiting plate (326), which has an L-shaped structure. A guide groove (3261) is provided in the middle of the long arm end face of the limiting plate (326). A slide rail (323) is fixedly connected to the middle of the bottom surface of the adjusting plate (321) along the length direction. Two sliders (324) are slidably connected on the slide rail (323). A limiting stud (3241) is fixedly connected to the front end of each slider (324). The two limiting studs (3241) are slidably sleeved in the guide groove (3261). A wing nut (3242) is threaded to the front end of each limiting stud (3241).

5. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The driving mechanism (2) includes a guide rod cylinder (21), the cylinder barrel of which is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1); an air supply mechanism (4) is detachably connected to the upper right side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1); the air supply mechanism (4) is connected to a reversing valve (22) via a pipe, the reversing valve (22) is detachably connected to the middle right side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1), and the reversing valve (22) is connected to the guide rod cylinder (21) via a pipe; a slot is provided on the outer side wall of the cylinder barrel of the guide rod cylinder (21) in the vertical direction, and a magnetic switch (25) is slidably connected in the slot; the guide rod cylinder... The top of the outer wall of the cylinder (21) is threaded with an air pipe connector (23), which is connected to the reversing valve (22) through a pipe; the bottom of the outer wall of the guide rod cylinder (21) is threaded with a pilot speed control valve (24), which is connected to the reversing valve (22) through a pipe, and the air pipe connector (23) is also connected to the pilot speed control valve (24) through a pipe; the lower end of the telescopic end of the guide rod cylinder (21) is fixedly connected with a connecting plate (211), and the lower surface of the connecting plate (211) is detachably connected to the upper surface of the connecting seat (311) of the positioning mechanism (3).

6. The automotive axle housing positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive mechanism (2) includes an electric telescopic rod, which is detachably connected to the left side of the front end face of the mounting plate (1); the lower end of the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod is fixedly connected to a connecting plate (211), and the lower surface of the connecting plate (211) is detachably connected to the upper surface of the connecting seat (311) of the positioning mechanism (3).

7. A machine tool, comprising a CNC device and a spindle head (5), characterized in that, It also includes the automotive axle housing positioning device as described in any one of claims 2-6, wherein the mounting plate (1) is detachably connected to the outer side wall of the spindle head (5) by bolts; the adjustment components (32) of the drive mechanism (2), the air supply mechanism (4) and the positioning mechanism (3) are electrically connected to the CNC device respectively.

8. A method for positioning an automobile axle housing, characterized in that, Based on the machine tool according to claim 7, the following steps are included: Adjust the spacing and position of the two sliders (324); Adjust the extension length of the two adjusting studs (312) to adjust the angle of the adjusting component (32); The drive positioning mechanism (3) moves downward, so that the two adjusting components (32) make pressure contact with the surface of the bridge housing workpiece until the angle of the bridge housing workpiece is adjusted to the correct position; The bridge housing workpiece is clamped, and the positioning mechanism (3) is driven to move upward to the predetermined position to complete the positioning.

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