Multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of polishing, in particular to a multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly system and method. Comprising the following steps: acquiring and normalizing cylinder inner wall data, polishing and grinding assembly data and three-dimensional point cloud data of the cylinder inner wall; calculating by using a surface feature extraction algorithm to obtain surface roughness and normal vectors of different sampling points; calculating the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point on the surface of the inner wall of the cylinder by using a dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm; and a polishing force calculation algorithm is used for obtaining the polishing force of each sampling point on the surface of the inner wall of the air cylinder, polishing is carried out, after one-time polishing process is completed, the surface roughness of all the sampling points is collected and calculated again, and the surface roughness is compared with the target roughness. The technical problems that a traditional air cylinder inner wall surface detection method depends on a contact type measuring instrument, errors caused by physical contact may be introduced, and tiny geometrical characteristics of the air cylinder inner wall surface are difficult to accurately capture are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of polishing, and particularly to a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding assembly system and method for the inner wall of a cylinder. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of the industrialization process, the precision machining of the inner wall of a cylinder is particularly important in the field of mechanical engineering. The surface quality of the inner wall of the cylinder directly affects the working efficiency, service life and performance stability of the equipment. Therefore, the requirements for the grinding and polishing technology of the inner wall of the cylinder are getting higher and higher.

[0003] Traditional methods for grinding and polishing the inner wall of a cylinder adopt manual or mechanized fixed methods. Although they can meet certain processing requirements, there is still a large room for improvement in efficiency and quality when dealing with workpieces with complex shapes and difficult to adjust. In addition, in practical applications, the inner wall of the cylinder often has irregular geometric shapes, making it difficult for traditional single-angle and fixed-position grinding and polishing methods to handle various complex surface morphologies of the inner wall of the cylinder, especially in the cleaning and polishing of the inner wall of irregular cylinders, which poses great challenges.

[0004] In order to improve the machining accuracy and surface quality of the inner wall of the cylinder, a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding assembly system and method for the inner wall of the cylinder have been gradually developed. Through reasonable angle adjustment, the grinding and polishing tool can apply force evenly in different directions, so as to achieve better processing effects. Compared with traditional fixed-angle tools, the multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding assembly system for the inner wall of the cylinder can be finely adjusted according to the actual shape, material and processing requirements of the inner wall of the cylinder, realizing uniform and stable grinding and polishing effects. It not only solves the problem of uneven surface roughness caused by fixed angles in traditional methods for detecting the surface of the inner wall of the cylinder, but also greatly improves the grinding efficiency, reduces the generation of defective products and lowers the production cost.

[0005] With the continuous development and application of technology, the future multi-angle adjustable grinding and polishing technology for the inner wall of the cylinder is expected to become the mainstream technology in the field of cylinder processing, providing efficient and precise processing means for industrial production.

[0006] However, the existing methods for the polishing and grinding assembly of the inner wall of the cylinder have the following technical problems: Traditional methods for detecting the surface of the inner wall of the cylinder rely on contact measuring instruments, which may introduce errors caused by physical contact and are difficult to accurately capture the minute geometric features on the surface of the inner wall of the cylinder; The polishing angle is not dynamically adjusted according to the specific situation of the surface roughness, resulting in low polishing efficiency or unsatisfactory polishing effect, and even may cause local excessive wear; Existing methods for detecting the surface of the inner wall of the cylinder may lead to excessive application of polishing force, causing surface damage to the inner wall of the cylinder, excessive wear of the polishing and grinding assembly, and insufficient polishing force resulting in incomplete polishing. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present invention provides a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component system and method for the inner wall of a cylinder to solve the problems that the traditional detection method for the inner wall surface of a cylinder relies on contact measuring instruments, which may introduce errors caused by physical contact and it is difficult to accurately capture the minute geometric features of the inner wall surface of the cylinder; the polishing angle is not dynamically adjusted according to the specific situation of the surface roughness, resulting in low polishing efficiency or unsatisfactory polishing effect, and even possible local excessive wear; the existing detection methods for the inner wall surface of the cylinder may cause surface damage to the inner wall of the cylinder due to excessive application of polishing force, excessive wear of the polishing and grinding components, and incomplete polishing due to insufficient polishing force.

[0008] A multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component system and method for the inner wall of a cylinder according to the present invention specifically includes the following technical solutions:

[0009] A multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component method for the inner wall of a cylinder includes the following steps:

[0010] S1: Obtain and normalize the data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding components, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder to obtain the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding components, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder; based on the normalized three-dimensional point cloud data, use a surface feature extraction algorithm to calculate the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points.

[0011] S2: Based on the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points, use a dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder.

[0012] S3: Based on the optimal polishing angle and the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding components, use a polishing force calculation algorithm to obtain the polishing force of each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder; perform polishing based on the optimal polishing angle and the polishing force of the sampling points. After completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points, and compare the surface roughness with the target roughness.

[0013] Preferably, the S1 specifically includes:

[0014] For the surface feature extraction algorithm, based on the spatial position of each sampling point, determine the set of neighborhood points of the sampling point. By calculating the Euclidean distance between the sampling point and the neighborhood points, sum up all the sampling points in the set of neighborhood points and calculate the average value to obtain the surface roughness of the sampling point.

[0015] Preferably, the S1 specifically includes:

[0016] In the implementation process of the surface feature extraction algorithm, a weighted covariance matrix is constructed. By performing eigenvalue decomposition on the weighted covariance matrix, the eigenvectors of the weighted covariance matrix are obtained, and the eigenvector corresponding to the minimum eigenvalue is the normal vector of the sampling point.

[0017] Preferably, the S2 specifically includes:

[0018] The dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm selects the polishing angle that makes the polishing effect optimal by minimizing the objective function; the construction of the objective function combines two factors: the surface roughness of different sampling points and the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, the S2 specifically includes:

[0020] In the implementation process of the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm, the polishing angle is adjusted by solving the minimum value of the objective function, the objective function value corresponding to the polishing angle of each sampling point is calculated, and the polishing angle corresponding to the minimum value is selected as the optimal polishing angle.

[0021] Preferably, the S3 specifically includes:

[0022] In the implementation process of the polishing force calculation algorithm, the equivalent elastic modulus, the equivalent contact curvature radius, and the elastic deformation amount are combined to calculate the basic contact force.

[0023] Preferably, the S3 specifically includes:

[0024] In the implementation process of the polishing force calculation algorithm, the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point is converted into a cosine value to adjust the direction of the basic contact force; by combining the basic contact force and the cosine value of the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point, the polishing force of the sampling point is finally obtained.

[0025] Preferably, the S3 specifically includes:

[0026] Polishing is performed based on the optimal polishing angle and the polishing force of the sampling point; after one polishing process is completed, the surface roughness of all sampling points is re-collected and calculated until the surface roughness of all sampling points is less than or equal to the target roughness, then polishing stops, otherwise, continue polishing.

[0027] A multi-angle adjustable inner wall polishing and grinding component system for a cylinder includes the following parts:

[0028] A data acquisition module, a surface feature extraction module, a dynamic polishing angle optimization module, a polishing force calculation module, and a polishing stop judgment module;

[0029] Data acquisition module: Obtain the data of the inner wall of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder, normalize the data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder, output the normalized three-dimensional point cloud data to the surface feature extraction module, and output the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly to the polishing force calculation module;

[0030] Surface feature extraction module: Based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the data acquisition module, use the surface feature extraction algorithm to calculate the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points, and output the surface roughness and normal vector to the dynamic polishing angle optimization module;

[0031] Dynamic polishing angle optimization module: Based on the surface roughness and normal vector of the surface feature extraction module, use the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm to calculate the best polishing angle of each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and output the best polishing angle to the polishing force calculation module and the polishing stop judgment module;

[0032] Polishing force calculation module: Based on the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder of the data acquisition module, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the best polishing angle of the dynamic polishing angle optimization module, use the polishing force calculation algorithm to calculate the polishing force of the sampling point, and output the polishing force of the sampling point to the polishing stop judgment module;

[0033] Polishing stop judgment module: Polish based on the best polishing angle of the dynamic polishing angle optimization module and the polishing force of the sampling point of the polishing force calculation module. After completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points until the surface roughness of all sampling points is less than or equal to the target roughness, then stop polishing, otherwise, continue polishing.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are:

[0035] 1. Use a non-contact three-dimensional scanning device (such as a laser scanner or a structured light scanner) to collect and normalize the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and calculate the surface roughness and normal vector through the surface feature extraction algorithm, accurately obtain the three-dimensional geometric shape and surface features of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, can comprehensively understand the distribution of surface roughness, and the calculation of the normal vector provides accurate direction guidance for the subsequent polishing process, ensuring that the polishing operation can conform to the surface morphology of the inner wall of the cylinder as much as possible, and optimizing the surface treatment effect.

[0036] 2. Based on the surface roughness and normal vectors at different sampling points, calculate the optimal polishing angle for each sampling point, aiming to minimize the objective function and maximize the polishing effect. The movement direction of the polishing and grinding component is precisely adjusted to best match the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, thereby improving the polishing efficiency, avoiding unnecessary wear, and extending the service life of the polishing and grinding component.

[0037] 3. Through a polishing force calculation method based on Hertz contact theory and combined with the optimal polishing angle, precise mechanical modeling is achieved, optimizing the contact behavior between the polishing and grinding component and the inner wall surface of the cylinder, ensuring uniform distribution of the polishing force, improving the machining accuracy of the inner wall surface of the cylinder. The introduction of the optimal polishing angle highly aligns the direction of the polishing force with the surface normal vector, significantly improving the removal efficiency of surface roughness, reducing ineffective wear, extending the service life of the polishing and grinding component, protecting the surface quality of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and providing reliable support for industrial polishing. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0038] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of a system for a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component for the inner wall of a cylinder according to the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a method for a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component for the inner wall of a cylinder according to the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0040] In order to further elaborate on the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended invention purpose, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present invention belongs.

[0042] The following specifically describes the specific solutions of a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component system and method for the inner wall of a cylinder provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0043] Refer to the attached Figure 1 , which shows a structural diagram of a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component system for the inner wall of a cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes the following parts:

[0044] Data acquisition module, surface feature extraction module, dynamic polishing angle optimization module, polishing force calculation module, polishing stop judgment module;

[0045] Data acquisition module: Obtain the data of the inner wall of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder, normalize the data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder, output the normalized three-dimensional point cloud data to the surface feature extraction module, and output the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly to the polishing force calculation module;

[0046] Surface feature extraction module: Based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the data acquisition module, use the surface feature extraction algorithm to calculate the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points, and output the surface roughness and normal vector to the dynamic polishing angle optimization module;

[0047] Dynamic polishing angle optimization module: Based on the surface roughness and normal vector of the surface feature extraction module, use the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and output the optimal polishing angle to the polishing force calculation module and the polishing stop judgment module;

[0048] Polishing force calculation module: Based on the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly of the data acquisition module, and the optimal polishing angle of the dynamic polishing angle optimization module, use the polishing force calculation algorithm to calculate the polishing force of the sampling point, and output the polishing force of the sampling point to the polishing stop judgment module;

[0049] Polishing stop judgment module: Polish based on the optimal polishing angle of the dynamic polishing angle optimization module and the polishing force of the sampling point of the polishing force calculation module. After completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points until the surface roughness of all sampling points is less than or equal to the target roughness, then stop polishing, otherwise, continue polishing.

[0050] Refer to Attachment Figure 2 , which shows a flowchart of a method for a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding assembly for the inner wall of a cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Obtain and normalize the data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder to obtain the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder; Based on the normalized three-dimensional point cloud data, use the surface feature extraction algorithm to calculate the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points;

[0052] Obtain the data of the inner wall of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder through a non-contact three-dimensional scanning device (such as a laser scanner or a structured light scanner), and form a three-dimensional point cloud data set, denoted as: D = {P i(x i , y i , z i ) | i = 1, 2, ..., n}, where P i (x i , y i , z i ) represents the i-th sampling point with coordinates (x i , y i , z i ), x i represents the coordinate value of the i-th sampling point along the X-axis in three-dimensional space, y i represents the coordinate value of the i-th sampling point along the Y-axis in three-dimensional space, z i represents the coordinate value of the i-th sampling point along the Z-axis in three-dimensional space; n represents the total number of sampling points;

[0053] Normalize the data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding component, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder to obtain the normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding component, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder. The normalized data of the inner wall of the cylinder and the polishing and grinding component include, but are not limited to, the polishing area, equivalent elastic modulus, equivalent contact curvature radius, elastic deformation amount, etc. The normalization method is a well-known technical means to those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here;

[0054] In order to accurately extract the geometric features of the inner wall surface of the cylinder to guide the polishing process of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, based on the normalized three-dimensional point cloud data, use the surface feature extraction algorithm to calculate the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points;

[0055] The surface feature extraction algorithm needs to determine the neighborhood around each sampling point. The determination of the neighborhood point set is based on the spatial position of each sampling point. By defining a neighborhood radius, all neighborhood points around a sampling point are found. Specifically, for each sampling point, calculate the Euclidean distance between the sampling point and the surrounding neighborhood points, and select all sampling points with a distance less than or equal to the set neighborhood radius to form a neighborhood point set;

[0056] The neighborhood point set is represented as follows:

[0057] S i = {P j | ||P i - P j || ≤ r}, j ≠ i

[0058] where S i represents the neighborhood point set of the i-th sampling point, including all sampling points that satisfy ||P i - P j || ≤ r and j ≠ i; Pi Denotes the i-th sampling point, which serves as the center point for determining the surrounding neighborhood points; P j Denotes the j-th sampling point, i.e., the point adjacent to the sampling point P in the three-dimensional point cloud data i ; ||P i -P j || represents the Euclidean distance between the i-th sampling point and the j-th sampling point; r represents the neighborhood radius, which is used to define the neighborhood range and filter the neighborhood points. It can be specifically set according to the specific implementation scenario and is not limited here;

[0059] After determining the set of neighborhood points of the sampling point, the surface roughness of the sampling point is calculated using a surface feature extraction algorithm. Specifically, by calculating the Euclidean distance between the sampling point and the neighborhood points, further summing up all the sampling points in the neighborhood point set and calculating the average value, the surface roughness of the sampling point is obtained, which reflects the unevenness of the local surface around the sampling point. The higher the surface roughness, the more severe the unevenness of the local surface around the sampling point;

[0060] The calculation formula for the surface roughness of the sampling point is:

[0061]

[0062] where R i represents the surface roughness of the i-th sampling point; |S i | represents the number of sampling points in the neighborhood point set of the i-th sampling point; represents the summation of all sampling points in the neighborhood point set;

[0063] The calculation of the normal vector is the core step in the surface feature extraction algorithm and is directly related to the angle adjustment during the polishing process. To calculate the normal vector, the surface feature extraction algorithm constructs a weighted covariance matrix that reflects the geometric relationship between the sampling point and the neighborhood points. The weight of each neighborhood point decays exponentially according to the Euclidean distance between the neighborhood point and the sampling point. The closer the point, the greater the weight and the stronger the influence;

[0064] The calculation formula for the weighted covariance matrix is:

[0065]

[0066] where C i represents the weighted covariance matrix, which is used to describe the distribution characteristics of the neighborhood points of the i-th sampling point, used to calculate the normal vector, and reflects the direction characteristics of the local surface around the sampling point; (P j -P i ) represents the vector from the i-th sampling point to the j-th sampling point; (P j -P i )T It represents the transpose of the vector from the i-th sampling point to the j-th sampling point; T represents transpose; exp represents the exponential decay function, which reflects that the closer the Euclidean distance between the neighborhood point and the sampling point is, the greater the weight and the stronger the influence; h represents the weight decay parameter, which is used to control the decay degree of the Euclidean distance between the neighborhood point and the sampling point.

[0067] By performing eigenvalue decomposition on the weighted covariance matrix, the eigenvectors of the weighted covariance matrix can be obtained, and the eigenvector corresponding to the minimum eigenvalue is the normal vector of the sampling point.

[0068] S2. Based on the surface roughness and normal vectors of different sampling points, use the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal polishing angle for each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder.

[0069] Based on the surface roughness and normal vectors of different sampling points, use the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal polishing angle for each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder to achieve the optimal polishing effect.

[0070] The dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm selects the polishing angle that makes the polishing effect optimal by minimizing the objective function.

[0071] The construction of the objective function takes into account two main factors: the surface roughness of different sampling points and the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder.

[0072] During the polishing process, the surface roughness is closely related to the polishing angle. When the polishing angle changes, the contact mode between the polishing and grinding component and the inner wall surface of the cylinder will be different, thus affecting the efficiency of surface roughness removal. If the polishing angle is closer to the ideal value, the polishing efficiency is higher and the surface roughness can be quickly reduced. On the contrary, if the polishing angle deviates from the ideal value, the polishing efficiency decreases and the speed of surface roughness removal slows down. Specifically, the cosine function will be used to characterize the influence of the change in the polishing angle on the surface roughness removal.

[0073] During the polishing process, the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component should be aligned with the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder as much as possible, which can maximize the polishing effect. If the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder is too large, the polishing effect will decrease significantly and the wear will also increase. To quantify this effect, the dot product of the movement direction vector of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder is calculated to evaluate the alignment degree between the two. When the movement direction vector of the polishing and grinding component is close to the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, the value of the dot product will be close to 1, indicating that the two are almost completely aligned, thus making the polishing effect optimal. When the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder is extremely large, the value of the dot product tends to 0, indicating that the polishing effect is significantly reduced.

[0074] By solving the minimum value of the objective function, adjust the polishing angle, calculate the objective function value corresponding to the polishing angle of each sampling point, and select the polishing angle corresponding to the minimum value as the optimal polishing angle.

[0075] The calculation formula for the optimal polishing angle is:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, represents the optimal polishing angle for each sampling point. By solving the minimum value of the objective function, the optimal polishing angle is obtained to maximize the polishing effect. represents solving the optimal polishing angle that can minimize the objective function. represents the objective function. represents the influence of the polishing angle on the surface roughness removal efficiency; R i represents the surface roughness of the i-th sampling point; θ i represents the polishing angle of the i-th sampling point, that is, the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder; cos(θ i ) represents the cosine value of the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, which is used to quantify the alignment degree between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder. represents ensuring the matching of the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal direction of the inner wall surface of the cylinder by optimizing the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder, so as to improve the polishing efficiency; α represents the polishing effect adjustment coefficient, which is used to control the influence of the movement direction of the polishing and grinding component and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder on the polishing effect, and can be specifically set according to the specific implementation scenario and is not limited here. represents the normal vector of the i-th sampling point. represents the movement direction vector of the polishing and grinding component. represents the dot product of the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder and the movement direction vector of the polishing and grinding assembly; represents the magnitude of the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder; represents the magnitude of the movement direction vector of the polishing and grinding assembly; 2 represents the square operation, which is used to amplify the influence of the difference in the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding assembly and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder on the objective function, so that when the difference between the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder and the movement direction of the polishing and grinding assembly is extremely large, the value of the objective function will increase, thereby punishing the mismatched directions and promoting the search for the best matching direction;

[0078] By continuously calculating and adjusting the polishing angle of each sampling point until an optimal polishing angle is obtained, the surface roughness of each sampling point is minimized, and at the same time, the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding assembly and the normal vector of the inner wall surface of the cylinder is made as close to the ideal state as possible. The optimal polishing angle can significantly improve the polishing efficiency and ensure the best polishing effect on the inner wall surface of the cylinder;

[0079] S3. Based on the optimal polishing angle, the normalized inner wall data of the cylinder, and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, use the polishing force calculation algorithm to obtain the polishing force of each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder; based on the optimal polishing angle and the polishing force of the sampling point, perform polishing. After completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points, and compare the surface roughness with the target roughness;

[0080] Based on the optimal polishing angle, the normalized inner wall data of the cylinder, and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, use the polishing force calculation algorithm to calculate the polishing force of each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder;

[0081] The polishing force calculation algorithm calculates the polishing force when the polishing and grinding assembly contacts the inner wall of the cylinder based on the existing Hertz contact theory; combines the equivalent elastic modulus, the equivalent contact curvature radius, and the elastic deformation amount to calculate the basic contact force; further converts the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point into a cosine value to adjust the direction of the basic contact force; finally, obtains the polishing force of the sampling point by combining the basic contact force and the cosine value of the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point.

[0082] The calculation formula for the polishing force of the sampling point is:

[0083]

[0084] where, F i represents the polishing force of the i-th sampling point, that is, the force exerted by the polishing and grinding assembly when it contacts the inner wall surface of the cylinder at the i-th sampling point; represents the constant coefficient in the Hertz contact theory; E *It represents the equivalent elastic modulus, comprehensively describing the elastic characteristics when the polishing and grinding component contacts the inner wall material of the cylinder, reflecting the deformation ability of the inner wall material of the cylinder under the action of external force. The larger the equivalent elastic modulus, the harder the inner wall material of the cylinder and the greater the polishing force. The calculation method of the equivalent elastic modulus is a well-known technical means for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here; It represents the square root of the equivalent contact curvature radius at the i-th sampling point, reflecting the geometric characteristics at the contact point between the polishing and grinding component and the inner wall surface of the cylinder. The equivalent contact curvature radius affects the contact area between the polishing and grinding component and the inner wall surface of the cylinder and the distribution of the polishing force. The calculation method of the equivalent contact curvature radius is a well-known technical means for those skilled in the art and will not be elaborated here; δ i It represents the elastic deformation amount that occurs when the polishing and grinding component contacts the inner wall surface of the cylinder at the i-th sampling point, directly affecting the magnitude of the polishing force. In the Hertz contact theory, the polishing force is proportional to the 3 / 2 power of the elastic deformation amount; It represents the basic contact force; It represents the cosine value of the optimal polishing angle at the i-th sampling point;

[0085] The direction of the polishing force is optimized through the optimal polishing angle, reducing ineffective wear and improving the consistency of the surface quality of the inner wall of the cylinder. Based on the existing Hertz contact theory calculations, the mechanical model is ensured to be scientific and reliable, adapting to different types of polishing and grinding components, enhancing the versatility;

[0086] Furthermore, polish based on the optimal polishing angle and the polishing force at the sampling point; after completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points until the surface roughness of all sampling points is less than or equal to the target roughness, then stop polishing, otherwise, continue polishing.

[0087] In summary, a system and method for a multi-angle adjustable polishing and grinding component for the inner wall of a cylinder are completed.

[0088] The sequence of the invention embodiments is only for description and does not represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0089] Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner. For the same or similar parts between each embodiment, reference can be made to each other. The key point of each embodiment is to illustrate the differences from other embodiments.

[0090] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements on some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for a cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly that can be adjusted at multiple angles, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1: Obtain and normalize the data of the cylinder inner wall, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the cylinder inner wall to obtain the normalized data of the cylinder inner wall, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the cylinder inner wall; Based on the normalized three-dimensional point cloud data, use the surface feature extraction algorithm to calculate the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points; S2: Based on the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points, use the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point on the surface of the cylinder inner wall; S3: Based on the optimal polishing angle and the normalized data of the cylinder inner wall and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, use the polishing force calculation algorithm to obtain the polishing force of each sampling point on the surface of the cylinder inner wall; Polish based on the optimal polishing angle and the polishing force of the sampling point. After completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points, and compare the surface roughness with the target roughness.

2. A method for a multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The S1 specifically includes: The surface feature extraction algorithm determines the set of neighborhood points of the sampling point based on the spatial position of each sampling point, calculates the Euclidean distance between the sampling point and the neighborhood points, sums up all the sampling points in the neighborhood point set and calculates the average value to obtain the surface roughness of the sampling point.

3. A method for an inner wall polishing and grinding assembly of a cylinder with multi-angle adjustability according to claim 2, characterized in that, The S1 specifically includes: In the implementation process of the surface feature extraction algorithm, a weighted covariance matrix is constructed, and through eigenvalue decomposition of the weighted covariance matrix, the eigenvectors of the weighted covariance matrix are obtained. The eigenvector corresponding to the minimum eigenvalue is the normal vector of the sampling point.

4. A method for a multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that The S2 specifically includes: The dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm selects the polishing angle that makes the polishing effect optimal by minimizing the objective function; The construction of the objective function combines two factors: the surface roughness of different sampling points and the angle between the movement direction of the polishing and grinding assembly and the normal vector of the cylinder inner wall surface.

5. A method for a multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that The S2 specifically includes: In the implementation process of the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm, the polishing angle is adjusted by solving the minimum value of the objective function, calculates the objective function value corresponding to the polishing angle of each sampling point, and selects the polishing angle corresponding to the minimum value as the optimal polishing angle.

6. A method for a multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that The S3 specifically includes: In the implementation process of the polishing force calculation algorithm, the equivalent elastic modulus, the equivalent contact curvature radius, and the elastic deformation amount are combined to calculate the basic contact force.

7. A method for a multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that, The S3 specifically includes: In the implementation process of the polishing force calculation algorithm, the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point is converted into a cosine value to adjust the direction of the basic contact force; By combining the basic contact force and the cosine value of the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point, the polishing force of the sampling point is finally obtained.

8. A method for a multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that, The S3 specifically includes: Polish based on the optimal polishing angle and the polishing force of the sampling point; After completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points. Stop polishing until the surface roughness of all sampling points is less than or equal to the target roughness, otherwise, continue polishing.

9. A multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding component system is applied to the multi-angle adjustable cylinder inner wall polishing and grinding component method described in claim 1, and is characterized in that Including the following parts: Data acquisition module, surface feature extraction module, dynamic polishing angle optimization module, polishing force calculation module, polishing stop judgment module; Data acquisition module: Obtain the inner wall data of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, collect the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder, normalize the inner wall data of the cylinder, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the three-dimensional point cloud data of the inner wall of the cylinder, and output the normalized three-dimensional point cloud data to the surface feature extraction module, and output the normalized inner wall data of the cylinder and the data of the polishing and grinding assembly to the polishing force calculation module; Surface feature extraction module: Based on the three-dimensional point cloud data of the data acquisition module, use the surface feature extraction algorithm to calculate the surface roughness and normal vector of different sampling points, and output the surface roughness and normal vector to the dynamic polishing angle optimization module; Dynamic polishing angle optimization module: Based on the surface roughness and normal vector of the surface feature extraction module, use the dynamic polishing angle optimization algorithm to calculate the optimal polishing angle of each sampling point on the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and output the optimal polishing angle to the polishing force calculation module and the polishing stop judgment module; Polishing force calculation module: Based on the normalized inner wall data of the cylinder of the data acquisition module, the data of the polishing and grinding assembly, and the optimal polishing angle of the dynamic polishing angle optimization module, use the polishing force calculation algorithm to calculate the polishing force of the sampling point, and output the polishing force of the sampling point to the polishing stop judgment module; Polishing stop judgment module: Polishing is carried out based on the optimal polishing angle of the dynamic polishing angle optimization module and the polishing force of the sampling point of the polishing force calculation module. After completing one polishing process, re-collect and calculate the surface roughness of all sampling points until the surface roughness of all sampling points is less than or equal to the target roughness, then stop polishing, otherwise, continue polishing.

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