Intelligent potato collecting and discharging system of potato collecting box type potato combine harvester

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent potato collecting and discharging system of a potato collecting box type potato combine harvester, which is characterized in that a plurality of rollers are arranged on the plate surface of one side of the spoon-shaped bottom of a spoon-shaped hopper vertical plate, and two hopper guide rails are arranged on the plate surface of one side, provided with the rollers, of the hopper vertical plate along two edges connected with the spoon-shaped bottom; cylinder bodies of the two tensioning cylinders are hinged to the outer side plate faces of the sides, provided with the chain wheel shafts, of the two hopper vertical plates respectively, the tail ends of cylinder rods of the two tensioning cylinders are hinged to the two ends of the chain wheel shafts respectively, and a sensor is installed on the edge, away from the spoon-shaped bottom, of the hopper vertical plate without the overturning plate. The plate faces, provided with the II arm guide rails, of the two II arm vertical plates face the inner side, the II arm guide rails on the two II arm vertical plates are located in the same plane, a sensor is installed on the edge, not provided with the II arm guide rail, of each II arm vertical plate, and a sensor is installed on the edge, not provided with the IV arm guide rail, of the IV arm vertical plate. High-efficiency low-loss intelligent potato collecting and discharging can be achieved, and the intelligent sensing reliability in the operation process is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention provides an intelligent potato collecting and discharging system for a box-type potato combine harvester, belonging to the field of potato whole-process mechanization equipment, and is mainly used for the collection and discharging and loading of potatoes after the potato combine harvester harvests potatoes. Background Art

[0002] At present, most potato combine harvesters are not equipped with a potato collecting box. During the harvesting operation, a special transport vehicle needs to follow the combine harvester in the field for harvesting. There are also some potato combine harvesters equipped with a potato collecting box, but the equipped potato collecting box not only has a small capacity, but also the position of the discharging end of the discharging device of the potato combine harvester is not easy to adjust. Often, the position of the discharging end is too low, and even touches the potatoes in the transport vehicle and cannot discharge, or the position is too high, resulting in the potatoes being damaged due to excessive dropping height; when the potatoes around the discharging end in the transport vehicle box are piled up relatively high, it is necessary to rely on the potatoes to slide down by themselves to continue discharging, which will also cause damage to the potatoes, or the position of the transport vehicle needs to be adjusted to continue discharging. In addition, when the transport vehicle is already full of potatoes and there are still potatoes in the discharging device, after stopping discharging, some potatoes always stay on the discharging conveyor belt. The support cylinder supporting the discharging conveyor belt not only is damaged due to working under a large load for a long time, but also causes the potatoes on the discharging conveyor belt to be damaged due to bumps or even fall to the ground during the potato combine harvester harvesting operation.

[0003] Looking at the current situation of the potato mechanized harvesting equipment industry, there is an urgent need for an intelligent potato collecting and discharging system for a box-type potato combine harvester that can collect the potatoes harvested by the potato combine harvester and smoothly discharge the potatoes onto the transport vehicle when a certain amount is collected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent potato collecting and discharging system with a box-type structure, which has a large potato collecting capacity, a high degree of automation, simple and convenient discharging, high harvesting quality, and the potatoes on the discharging conveyor belt can return to the potato collecting box after the transport vehicle is full.

[0005] Its technical solution is as follows: It includes a frame and an intelligent discharging system. The main beam of the frame is connected to the towing frame of the potato combine harvester at the front end in the advancing direction of the potato combine harvester. A support arm extends upward from the front end of the main beam of the frame. A ground wheel is installed below the rear end of the main beam of the frame and is supported on the ground by the ground wheel. The intelligent discharging system includes a discharging hopper, a hopper cylinder, a II-arm assembly, a II-stage cylinder, a III-arm assembly, a III-stage cylinder, a IV-arm assembly, a IV-stage cylinder, and a discharging conveyor belt. The discharging hopper includes a hopper vertical plate, rollers, hopper guide rails, hopper chutes, connecting rod bars, a turning plate, a turning cylinder, a chain reversing assembly, a tensioning cylinder, and a sensor. Multiple rollers are installed on one side plate surface of the "spoon" - shaped bottom of the hopper vertical plate in the shape of a "spoon". The multiple rollers are arranged in two arcs with equal centers and unequal radii. Two hopper guide rails are provided along each of the two sides where the hopper vertical plate with multiple rollers is connected to the "spoon" - shaped bottom. A hopper chute is provided along one side where the other side plate surface of the hopper vertical plate is connected to the "spoon" - shaped bottom. The two hopper vertical plates are connected together by multiple connecting rod bars and are parallel to each other. The plate surfaces of the two hopper vertical plates with multiple rollers face inward, and the centers of the arcs where the multiple rollers are located are on the same straight line. A notch is opened on the side of one hopper vertical plate away from the "spoon" - shaped bottom. One long edge of the turning plate is provided with a turning arm and is hinged at the bottom of the notch of the hopper vertical plate through the long edge with the turning arm. The cylinder body of the turning cylinder is hinged on the outer side plate surface of the side of the hopper vertical plate where the notch is opened. The end of the cylinder rod of the turning cylinder is hinged at the end of the turning arm of the turning plate. The two ends of the shaft of the chain reversing assembly are supported at one end away from the "spoon" - shaped bottom of the two sides where the hopper vertical plates are connected to the "spoon" - shaped bottom and where no hopper chute is provided. The cylinder bodies of the two tensioning cylinders are respectively hinged on the outer side plate surfaces of the sides of the two hopper vertical plates where the sprocket shafts are installed. The ends of the cylinder rods of the two tensioning cylinders are respectively hinged at both ends of the sprocket shaft. A sensor is installed at the edge of the hopper vertical plate without the turning plate away from the "spoon" - shaped bottom. The discharging hopper is hinged on the support arm extending upward from the front end of the main beam of the frame through the two hopper vertical plates. The cylinder bodies of the two hopper cylinders are hinged at the position of the support arm of the frame close to the main beam. The ends of the cylinder rods of the two hopper cylinders are respectively hinged at the positions of the two hopper vertical plates of the discharging hopper close to the hopper chute. The II - arm assembly includes a II - arm vertical plate, II - arm guide rails, II - arm chutes, connecting rod bars, a sensor, a II - arm telescopic plate, a II - arm telescopic arm, and rollers. Two II - arm guide rails are provided along one side of one side plate surface of the II - arm vertical plate. A II - arm chute is provided on the other side plate surface along the side where the II - arm guide rails are provided. The two II - arm vertical plates are connected together by multiple connecting rod bars and are parallel to each other. The plate surfaces of the two II - arm vertical plates with II - arm guide rails face inward, and the II - arm guide rails on the two II - arm vertical plates are in the same plane. A sensor is installed at the edge of one II - arm vertical plate without the II - arm guide rails.One end of a short side of the II-arm telescopic plate extends along the length direction of the short side to form a II-arm telescopic arm, and a roller is installed at the end of the II-arm telescopic arm. One ends of the short sides of the two II-arm telescopic plates, which are away from the II-arm telescopic arm, are respectively hinged to one ends of the edges, provided with II-arm guide rails, of two II-arm vertical plates connected together by the connecting rod of the II-arm assembly; One ends of the two II-arm vertical plates of the II-arm assembly, to which the II-arm telescopic plates are hinged, are respectively hinged to one ends of the two hopper vertical plates of the discharge hopper, which are away from the chain reversing assembly. The two rollers installed at the ends of the II-arm telescopic arms of the II-arm telescopic plates are respectively slidably installed in the hopper slideways arranged on the outer sides of the two hopper vertical plates of the discharge hopper; The cylinder bodies of the two II-stage cylinders are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two hopper vertical plates of the discharge hopper, near the II-arm assembly, and the ends of the cylinder rods of the II-stage cylinders are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the II-arm vertical plates of the II-arm assembly, near the discharge hopper; The III-arm assembly includes III-arm vertical plates, III-arm guide rails, connecting rods, III-arm telescopic plates, III-arm telescopic arms and rollers. One side plate surface of the III-arm vertical plate is provided with two III-arm guide rails along one edge. The two III-arm vertical plates are connected together by multiple connecting rods and the two III-arm vertical plates are parallel to each other. The plate surfaces of the two III-arm vertical plates, provided with III-arm guide rails, face inwards and the III-arm guide rails on the two III-arm vertical plates are in the same plane; One end of a short side of the III-arm telescopic plate extends along the length direction of the short side to form a III-arm telescopic arm, and a roller is installed at the end of the III-arm telescopic arm. One ends of the short sides of the two III-arm telescopic plates, which are away from the III-arm telescopic arm, are respectively hinged to one ends of the edges, provided with III-arm guide rails, of two III-arm vertical plates connected together by the connecting rod of the III-arm assembly; One ends of the two III-arm vertical plates of the III-arm assembly, to which the III-arm telescopic plates are hinged, are respectively hinged to one ends of the two II-arm vertical plates of the II-arm assembly, which are away from the discharge hopper. The two rollers installed at the ends of the III-arm telescopic arms of the III-arm telescopic plates are respectively slidably installed in the II-arm slideways arranged on the outer sides of the two II-arm vertical plates of the II-arm assembly; The cylinder bodies of the two III-stage cylinders are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two II-arm vertical plates of the II-arm assembly, near the III-arm assembly, and the ends of the cylinder rods of the III-stage cylinders are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the III-arm vertical plates of the III-arm assembly, near the II-arm assembly; The IV-arm assembly includes IV-arm vertical plates, IV-arm guide rails, connecting rods, sensors, chain drive assemblies, discharge drives, chain transmission assemblies and chain guards. One side plate surface of the IV-arm vertical plate is provided with two IV-arm guide rails along one edge. The two IV-arm vertical plates are connected together by multiple connecting rods and the two IV-arm vertical plates are parallel to each other; The plate surfaces of the two IV-arm vertical plates, provided with IV-arm guide rails, face inwards and the IV-arm guide rails on the two IV-arm vertical plates are in the same plane. A sensor is installed at the edge of one IV-arm vertical plate where no IV-arm guide rail is provided; The two ends of the shaft of the chain drive assembly are supported at one ends of the IV-arm guide rails arranged on the two IV-arm vertical plates. The two discharge drives are respectively installed on the inner side plate surfaces of the two IV-arm vertical plates. The extended ends of the shafts of the two discharge drives, after passing through the IV-arm vertical plates, are respectively connected to the shaft of the chain drive assembly through the chain transmission assembly. A chain guard is installed outside the chain drive assembly;One end of the two IV-arm vertical plates of the IV-arm assembly, which is far from the chain drive assembly, is respectively hinged to one end of the two III-arm vertical plates of the III-arm assembly, which is far from the II-arm assembly. The cylinder bodies of the two IV-class cylinders are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two III-arm vertical plates of the III-arm assembly near the IV-arm assembly, and the ends of the cylinder rods of the IV-class cylinders are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the IV-arm vertical plates of the IV-arm assembly far from the chain drive assembly. The discharge conveyor belt includes a discharge chain, a connecting rod, and a buffer belt. Among them, two discharge chains connected end to end to form a loop are connected into a loop-shaped conveyor belt through multiple connecting rods, and a loop-shaped buffer belt is laid outside the loop-shaped conveyor belt. The discharge conveyor belt is hung on the chain reversing assembly of the discharge hopper and the chain drive assembly of the IV-arm assembly. The upper and lower sections of the discharge conveyor belt are respectively supported on the hopper guide rail of the discharge hopper, the II-arm guide rail of the II-arm assembly, the III-arm guide rail of the III-arm assembly, and the IV-arm guide rail of the IV-arm assembly, and are tensioned by the tensioning cylinder of the discharge hopper.

[0006] Compared with the current situation in the existing field, in the present invention, since a sensor is installed on the discharge hopper, when it detects that the potatoes in the discharge hopper reach the set upper limit, the control system sends an instruction to the potato conveying device of the previous potato and stone conveying device, automatically adjusts the discharging end above the II-arm assembly to continue the harvesting operation, so as to store more potatoes. Therefore, the storage capacity of potatoes is large; since sensors are installed on both the II-arm assembly and the IV-arm assembly, when the collecting box and the area above the II-arm assembly are both filled with potatoes, the sensor on the II-arm assembly sends a discharging reminder to the driver through the control system. Then, when the sensor installed on the IV-arm assembly detects that the transport vehicle is in place, the control system sends a start instruction to the discharging drive of the IV-arm assembly of the intelligent discharging system, and drives the discharging conveyor belt to start running through the chain drive assembly for discharging operation. Therefore, the degree of automation is high; when the sensor installed on the IV-arm assembly detects that the distance between the discharging end of the IV-arm assembly and the bottom of the transport vehicle box or the potatoes in the vehicle box is greater than or less than the set distance, the control system sends instructions to the hopper cylinder, the second-stage cylinder and the third-stage cylinder to adjust the height of the discharging end of the IV-arm assembly, ensuring the smooth and orderly discharging process, and avoiding the potatoes from being damaged by skin breakage due to excessive dropping height. Therefore, the harvesting quality is good; when the sensor installed on the IV-arm assembly detects that the height of the potatoes around the discharging end of the IV-arm assembly in the transport vehicle is relatively high, while the height of the potatoes on the other side in the left-right direction of the transport vehicle box is relatively low, the control system sends an instruction to the fourth-stage cylinder to adjust the front-back position of the discharging end of the IV-arm assembly, so as to discharge the potatoes into various positions in the transport vehicle. Therefore, the distribution is uniform; when the sensor installed on the IV-arm assembly detects that the heights of the potatoes around the discharging end of the IV-arm assembly in the transport vehicle and on both the left and right sides of the transport vehicle box are relatively high, while the height of the potatoes at the other end in the front-back direction of the transport vehicle box is relatively low, the control system sends a reminder to the driver to move the vehicle, so that the transport vehicle driver can move the transport vehicle and then continue discharging. Therefore, it is convenient and fast; when the sensors installed on the discharge hopper and above the II-arm assembly detect that the potatoes in the discharge hopper and the II-arm assembly have been discharged completely, the control system sends a no-material reminder to the driver and stops discharging, so as to continue the harvesting operation; when the sensor installed on the IV-arm assembly detects that the transport vehicle is full of potatoes, the control system sends a full reminder to the driver and stops discharging. At the same time, the control system sends a reverse instruction to the discharging drive of the IV-arm assembly, and the discharging conveyor belt runs in the reverse direction, sending all the potatoes on the discharging conveyor belt back into the discharge hopper, thereby reducing the loads of the hopper cylinder, the second-stage cylinder, the third-stage cylinder and the fourth-stage cylinder, and avoiding the potatoes from being damaged by skin breakage or even falling to the ground due to jolting, further improving the harvesting quality. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007] Figure 1 is an axonometric view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is the present invention Figure 1 an axonometric view of the discharging system of the shown embodiment; Figure 3 is the isometric view of the discharge hopper of the embodiment shown in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 4 is the isometric view of the II arm assembly of the embodiment shown in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 5 is the isometric view of the III arm assembly of the embodiment shown in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 6 is the isometric view of the IV arm assembly of the embodiment shown in the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 7 is the isometric view of the discharge conveyor belt of the embodiment shown in the present invention Figure 2 ; Detailed implementation manners

[0008] 1. Frame 8. Intelligent discharging system 81. Discharge hopper 810. Hopper vertical plate 811. Roller 812. Hopper guide rail 813. Hopper slideway 814. Link rod 815. Flip plate 816. Flip cylinder 817. Chain reversing assembly 818. Tensioning cylinder 819. Sensor 82. Hopper cylinder 83. II arm assembly 830. II arm vertical plate 831. II arm guide rail 832. II arm slideway 833. II arm telescopic plate 834. II arm telescopic arm 84. II - stage cylinder 85. III arm assembly 850. III arm vertical plate 851. III arm guide rail 852. III arm telescopic plate 853. III arm telescopic arm 86. III - stage cylinder 87. IV arm assembly 870. IV arm vertical plate 871. IV arm guide rail 872. Chain drive assembly 873. Discharge drive 874. Chain drive assembly 875. Chain guard 88. IV - stage cylinder 89. Discharge conveyor belt 890. Discharge chain 891. Connecting rod 892. Buffer belt

[0009] In Figures 1-7In the illustrated embodiment: The front end of the main beam of the frame 1 in the advancing direction of the potato combine harvester is connected to the towing frame of the potato combine harvester. A support arm extends upward from the front end of the main beam of the frame 1. A ground wheel is installed below the rear end of the main beam of the frame 1 and is supported on the ground by the ground wheel. The hopper vertical plate 810 of the discharge hopper 81 of the intelligent discharge system 8 is in a "spoon" shape. A plurality of rollers 811 are installed on one side plate surface of the "spoon" bottom of the hopper vertical plate 810. The plurality of rollers 811 are arranged in two arcs with equal centers and unequal radii; Two hopper guide rails 812 are provided along the two sides where the side plate surface of the hopper vertical plate 810 with the plurality of rollers 811 is connected to the "spoon" bottom. A hopper slideway 813 is provided along one side where the other side plate surface of the hopper vertical plate 810 is connected to the "spoon" bottom; The two hopper vertical plates 810 are connected together by a plurality of connecting rods 814, and the two hopper vertical plates 810 are parallel to each other. The side plate surfaces of the two hopper vertical plates 810 on which the plurality of rollers 811 are installed face inward, and the centers of the arcs where the plurality of rollers 811 are located are on the same straight line; A notch is opened on the side of one hopper vertical plate 810 away from the "spoon" bottom. One long side edge of the turning plate 815 is provided with a turning arm and is hinged to the bottom of the notch of the hopper vertical plate 810 through the long side with the turning arm. The cylinder body of the turning plate cylinder 816 is hinged to the outer side plate surface of the side of the hopper vertical plate 810 where the notch is opened. The end of the cylinder rod of the turning plate cylinder 816 is hinged to the end of the turning arm of the turning plate 815; In non-working states such as when transferring plots, the cylinder rod of the turning plate cylinder 816 retracts and drives the turning plate 815 to turn to the horizontal state around the hinge axis to facilitate the retraction and extension of the potato conveying device of the previous potato and stone conveying device. The two ends of the shaft of the chain reversing assembly 817 are supported at one end of the side where the two hopper vertical plates 810 are connected to the "spoon" bottom and where the hopper slideway 813 is not provided, away from the "spoon" bottom. The cylinder bodies of the two tension cylinders 818 are respectively hinged to the outer side plate surfaces of the sides of the two hopper vertical plates 810 where the sprocket shaft 817 is installed. The ends of the cylinder rods of the two tension cylinders 818 are respectively hinged to the two ends of the sprocket shaft 817 to ensure that the discharge conveyor belt 89 is always in a tensioned state regardless of the positions of the II-arm assembly 83, the III-arm assembly 85, and the IV-arm assembly 87, and to ensure the normal operation of the discharge conveyor belt 89. A sensor 819 is installed at the edge of the hopper vertical plate 810 without the turning plate 815, away from the "spoon" bottom. When the sensor 819 of the discharge hopper 81 detects that the potatoes in the discharge hopper 81 reach the set upper limit, the potato conveying device of the previous potato and stone conveying device automatically adjusts the discharge end above the II-arm assembly 83; The discharge hopper 81 is hinged to the support arm extending upward from the front end of the main beam of the frame 1 through the two hopper vertical plates 810. The cylinder bodies of the two hopper cylinders 82 are hinged to the support arm of the frame 1 near the main beam. The ends of the cylinder rods of the two hopper cylinders 82 are respectively hinged to the two hopper vertical plates 810 of the discharge hopper 81 near the hopper slideway 813.On one side plate surface of the II-arm vertical plate 830 of the II-arm assembly 83, two II-arm guide rails 831 are provided along one edge, and an II-arm slideway 832 is provided on the other side plate surface along the edge where the II-arm guide rails 831 are provided; two II-arm vertical plates 830 are connected together by multiple connecting rod bars 814, and the two II-arm vertical plates 830 are parallel to each other. The plate surfaces of the two II-arm vertical plates 830 where the II-arm guide rails 831 are provided face inwards, and the II-arm guide rails 831 on the two II-arm vertical plates 830 are located in the same plane; a sensor 819 is installed at the edge of one II-arm vertical plate 830 where the II-arm guide rail 831 is not provided. When the sensor 819 of the II-arm assembly 83 detects that the potatoes above the II-arm assembly 83 reach the set upper limit, it reminds the driver to stop the harvesting operation and prepare for discharging; at one end of a short side of the II-arm telescopic plate 833, an II-arm telescopic arm 834 extends along the length direction of the short side. A roller 811 is installed at the end of the II-arm telescopic arm 834. One ends of the short sides of the two II-arm telescopic plates 833 far from the II-arm telescopic arm 834 are respectively hinged to one ends of the edges where the II-arm guide rails 831 are provided on the two II-arm vertical plates 830 connected together by the connecting rod bars 814 of the II-arm assembly 83; one ends of the two II-arm vertical plates 830 of the II-arm assembly 83 where the II-arm telescopic plates 833 are hinged are respectively hinged to one ends of the two hopper vertical plates 810 of the discharge hopper 81 far from the chain commutation assembly 817. The two rollers 811 installed at the ends of the II-arm telescopic arms 834 of the II-arm telescopic plates 833 are respectively slidably installed in the hopper slideways 813 provided on the outer sides of the two hopper vertical plates 810 of the discharge hopper 81; the cylinder bodies of the two II-stage cylinders 84 are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two hopper vertical plates 810 of the discharge hopper 81 near the II-arm assembly 83, and the ends of the cylinder rods of the II-stage cylinders 84 are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the II-arm vertical plates 830 of the II-arm assembly 83 near the discharge hopper 81; when the cylinder rods of the II-stage cylinders 84 extend and contract and drive the II-arm assembly 83 to swing around the hinge axis with the discharge hopper 81, the two rollers 811 at the ends of the II-arm telescopic arms 834 always freely roll and slide in the hopper slideways 813 of the hopper vertical plates 810.On one side surface of the vertical plate 850 of the third arm assembly 85, two third arm guide rails 851 are provided along one edge. Two vertical plates 850 of the third arm are connected together by multiple connecting rods 814, and the two vertical plates 850 of the third arm are parallel to each other. The surfaces of the two vertical plates 850 of the third arm with the third arm guide rails 851 face inward, and the third arm guide rails 851 on the two vertical plates 850 of the third arm are located in the same plane. At one end of a short side of the third arm telescopic plate 852, a third arm telescopic arm 853 extends along the length direction of the short side. A roller 811 is installed at the end of the third arm telescopic arm 853. The ends of the short sides of the two third arm telescopic plates 852 away from the third arm telescopic arm 853 are respectively hinged to one end of the edges of the two vertical plates 850 of the third arm with the third arm guide rails 851 connected together by the connecting rods 814 of the third arm assembly 85. One end of the two vertical plates 850 of the third arm assembly 85 hinged with the third arm telescopic plate 852 is respectively hinged to one end of the two vertical plates 830 of the second arm assembly 83 away from the discharge hopper 81. The two rollers 811 installed at the ends of the third arm telescopic arms 853 of the third arm telescopic plates 852 are respectively slidably installed in the second arm slideways 832 provided on the outer sides of the two vertical plates 830 of the second arm assembly 83. The cylinder bodies of the two third-stage cylinders 86 are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two vertical plates 830 of the second arm assembly 83 near the third arm assembly 85, and the ends of the cylinder rods of the third-stage cylinders 86 are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the vertical plates 850 of the third arm assembly 85 near the second arm assembly 83. When the cylinder rods of the third-stage cylinders 86 extend and retract and drive the third arm assembly 85 to swing around the hinge axis with the second arm assembly 83, the two rollers 811 at the ends of the third arm telescopic arms 853 always freely roll and slide in the second arm slideways 832 of the second arm assembly 83. On one side surface of the vertical plate 870 of the fourth arm assembly 87, two fourth arm guide rails 871 are provided along one edge. Two vertical plates 870 of the fourth arm are connected together by multiple connecting rods 814, and the two vertical plates 870 of the fourth arm are parallel to each other. The surfaces of the two vertical plates 870 of the fourth arm with the fourth arm guide rails 871 face inward, and the fourth arm guide rails 871 on the two vertical plates 870 of the fourth arm are located in the same plane. A sensor 819 is installed at the edge of one vertical plate 870 of the fourth arm without the fourth arm guide rail 871. When the sensor 819 of the fourth arm assembly 87 detects that the distance between the discharge end of the fourth arm assembly 87 and the bottom of the carriage of the transport vehicle or the sweet potatoes in the carriage is greater than or less than the set distance, the control system issues commands to the hopper cylinder 82, the second-stage cylinder 84, and the third-stage cylinder 86, and adjusts the height of the discharge end of the fourth arm assembly 87 by the extension and retraction of the cylinder rods of the hopper cylinder 82, the second-stage cylinder 84, and the third-stage cylinder 86.Both ends of the shaft of the chain drive assembly 872 are supported at one end of the IV-arm guide rail 871 provided on the two-piece IV-arm vertical plate 870. Two unloading drives 873 are respectively installed on the inner side plate surfaces of the two-piece IV-arm vertical plates 870. The extended ends of the shafts of the two unloading drives 873 passing through the IV-arm vertical plates 870 are respectively connected to the shaft of the chain drive assembly 872 through the chain drive components 874. A chain guard 875 is installed outside the chain drive assembly 872. One ends of the two-piece IV-arm vertical plates 870 of the IV-arm assembly 87 away from the chain drive assembly 872 are respectively hinged to one ends of the two-piece III-arm vertical plates 850 of the III-arm assembly 85 away from the II-arm assembly 83. The cylinder bodies of the two-piece IV-stage cylinders 89 are respectively hinged on the outer sides of the two-piece III-arm vertical plates 850 of the III-arm assembly 85 near the IV-arm assembly 87. The ends of the cylinder rods of the IV-stage cylinders 89 are respectively hinged on the outer sides of the IV-arm vertical plates 870 of the IV-arm assembly 87 away from the chain drive assembly 872. When the sensor 819 of the IV-arm assembly 87 detects that the height of the potato blocks around the unloading end of the IV-arm assembly 87 in the transport vehicle carriage is relatively high while the height of the potato blocks on the other side in the transport vehicle carriage is relatively low, the control system issues an instruction to the IV-stage cylinders 89, and adjusts the position of the unloading end of the IV-arm assembly 87 through the telescoping of the cylinder rods of the IV-stage cylinders 89. The two unloading chains 890 of the unloading conveyor belt 89 connected end to end to form a loop are connected into a looped conveyor belt through multiple connecting rods 891. A looped buffer belt 892 is laid outside the looped conveyor belt. The unloading conveyor belt 89 is hung on the chain reversing assembly 817 of the unloading hopper 81 and the chain drive assembly 872 of the IV-arm assembly 87. The upper and lower sections of the unloading conveyor belt 89 are respectively supported on the hopper guide rail 812 of the unloading hopper 81, the II-arm guide rail 831 of the II-arm assembly 83, the III-arm guide rail 851 of the III-arm assembly 85, and the IV-arm guide rail 871 of the IV-arm assembly 87, and are tensioned by the tensioning cylinder 818 of the unloading hopper 81.

[0010] Its working principle is as follows: The tractor pulls the potato combine harvester to the potato planting plot to be harvested. After alignment is completed, the control system issues instructions to the hopper cylinder, the II-stage cylinder, and the III-stage cylinder, and the intelligent unloading system is in the working state.

[0011] When the potato collection box and the II-arm assembly are filled with potatoes, the sensor installed above the II-arm assembly sends a unloading reminder to the driver through the control system. When the transport vehicle is in place, start the unloading drive of the IV-arm assembly of the intelligent unloading system, and drive the unloading conveyor belt to start running through the chain drive assembly, and the potatoes above the potato collection box and the II-arm assembly are orderly transported into the transport vehicle.

[0012] When the sensor installed on the IV-arm assembly detects that the distance between the unloading end of the IV-arm assembly and the bottom of the transport vehicle carriage or the potato blocks in the carriage is greater than or less than the set distance, the control system issues instructions to the hopper cylinder, the II-stage cylinder, and the III-stage cylinder, and adjusts the height of the unloading end of the IV-arm assembly through the telescoping of the cylinder rods of the hopper cylinder, the II-stage cylinder, and the III-stage cylinder to ensure the smooth and orderly unloading process.

[0013] When the sensor installed on the IV - arm assembly detects that the height of potato blocks around the discharge end of the IV - arm assembly in the transport vehicle is relatively high, while the height of potato blocks on the other side in the left - right direction inside the transport vehicle compartment is relatively low, the control system issues an instruction to the IV - stage cylinder, and adjusts the front - rear position of the discharge end of the IV - arm assembly through the telescoping of the IV - stage cylinder rod, so as to discharge the potatoes to the other side of the transport vehicle.

[0014] When the sensors installed on the IV - arm assembly detect that the heights of potato blocks around the discharge end of the IV - arm assembly in the transport vehicle and on both the left and right sides inside the transport vehicle compartment are relatively high, while the height of potato blocks at the other end in the front - rear direction inside the transport vehicle compartment is relatively low, the control system issues a reminder to the driver to move the vehicle, so that the transport vehicle driver can move the transport vehicle in time to continue discharging.

[0015] When the sensors installed above the discharge hopper and the II - arm assembly detect that the discharging of potatoes in the discharge hopper and the II - arm assembly is completed, the control system issues a no - material reminder to the driver and stops discharging.

[0016] When the sensor installed on the IV - arm assembly detects that the transport vehicle is full of potatoes, the control system issues a full - load reminder to the driver and stops discharging. At the same time, the control system issues a reverse instruction to the discharge drive of the IV - arm assembly, and drives the discharge conveyor belt to run in the reverse direction through the chain drive assembly and the chain drive assembly. All the potatoes on the discharge conveyor belt are sent back into the discharge hopper, so as to reduce the loads of the hopper cylinder, the II - stage cylinder, the III - stage cylinder and the IV - stage cylinder, and avoid the potatoes from being damaged by bumps or even falling to the ground.

Claims

1. The intelligent potato unloading system of the potato combine harvester with a potato collecting box, comprising a frame (1) and an intelligent unloading system (8), wherein the front end of the main beam of the frame (1) facing the advancing direction of the potato combine harvester is connected to the towing frame of the potato combine harvester, a support arm extends upward from the front end of the main beam of the frame (1), ground wheels are installed below the rear end of the main beam of the frame (1), and the frame is supported on the ground through the ground wheels; it is characterized in that: The intelligent unloading system (8) includes a discharge hopper (81), a hopper cylinder (82), a second-arm assembly (83), a second-stage cylinder (84), a third-arm assembly (85), a third-stage cylinder (86), a fourth-arm assembly (87), a fourth-stage cylinder (88), and a discharge conveyor belt (89). The discharge hopper (81) includes a hopper vertical plate (810), rollers (811), hopper guide rails (812), hopper chutes (813), connecting rod bars (814), a turning plate (815), a turning cylinder (816), a chain reversing assembly (817), a tensioning cylinder (818), and a sensor (819). On one side surface of the "spoon”-shaped bottom of the hopper vertical plate (810) in the shape of a "spoon”, multiple rollers (811) are installed. The multiple rollers (811) are arranged in two arcs with equal centers and unequal radii. On the side surface of the hopper vertical plate (810) where the multiple rollers (811) are installed, two hopper guide rails (812) are provided along the two sides connected to the "spoon”-shaped bottom. On the other side surface of the hopper vertical plate (810), a hopper chute (813) is provided along one side connected to the "spoon”-shaped bottom. The two hopper vertical plates (810) are connected together by multiple connecting rod bars (814), and the two hopper vertical plates (810) are parallel to each other. The side surfaces of the two hopper vertical plates (810) on which the multiple rollers (811) are installed face inwards, and the centers of the arcs where the multiple rollers (811) are located are on the same straight line. A notch is formed on the edge of one hopper vertical plate (810) away from the "spoon”-shaped bottom. One long side edge of the turning plate (815) is provided with a turning arm and is hinged to the bottom of the notch of the hopper vertical plate (810) through the long side provided with the turning arm. The cylinder body of the turning cylinder (816) is hinged to the outer side surface of the edge of the hopper vertical plate (810) where the notch is formed, and the end of the cylinder rod of the turning cylinder (816) is hinged to the end of the turning arm of the turning plate (815). The two ends of the shaft of the chain reversing assembly (817) are supported at one end away from the "spoon”-shaped bottom of the two sides where the hopper vertical plates (810) are connected to the "spoon”-shaped bottom and where the hopper chute (813) is not provided. The cylinder bodies of the two tensioning cylinders (818) are respectively hinged to the outer side surfaces of the sides of the two hopper vertical plates (810) where the sprocket shafts (817) are installed, and the ends of the cylinder rods of the two tensioning cylinders (818) are respectively hinged to both ends of the sprocket shaft (817). A sensor (819) is installed at the edge of the hopper vertical plate (810) without the turning plate (815) away from the "spoon”-shaped bottom. The discharge hopper (81) is hinged to the support arms extending upwards from the front end of the main beam of the frame (1) through the two hopper vertical plates (810). The cylinder bodies of the two hopper cylinders (82) are hinged to the support arms of the frame (1) near the main beam, and the ends of the cylinder rods of the two hopper cylinders (82) are respectively hinged to the two hopper vertical plates (810) of the discharge hopper (81) near the hopper chute (813);The II-arm assembly (83) includes a II-arm vertical plate (830), II-arm guide rails (831), II-arm slideways (832), connecting rod bars (814), sensors (819), a II-arm telescopic plate (833), a II-arm telescopic arm (834), and rollers (811). On one side plate surface of the II-arm vertical plate (830), two II-arm guide rails (831) are provided along one edge. On the other side plate surface along the edge where the II-arm guide rails (831) are provided, II-arm slideways (832) are provided. Two II-arm vertical plates (830) are connected together by multiple connecting rod bars (814), and the two II-arm vertical plates (830) are parallel to each other. The plate surfaces of the two II-arm vertical plates (830) with the II-arm guide rails (831) face inward, and the II-arm guide rails (831) on the two II-arm vertical plates (830) are in the same plane. A sensor (819) is installed at the edge of one II-arm vertical plate (830) where no II-arm guide rail (831) is provided. At one end of a short side of the II-arm telescopic plate (833), a II-arm telescopic arm (834) extends along the length direction of the short side. Rollers (811) are installed at the ends of the II-arm telescopic arms (834). The ends of the short sides of the two II-arm telescopic plates (833) away from the II-arm telescopic arms (834) are respectively hinged to one ends of the edges with the II-arm guide rails (831) of the two II-arm vertical plates (830) connected together by the connecting rod bars (814) of the II-arm assembly (83). One ends of the two II-arm vertical plates (830) of the II-arm assembly (83) hinged with the II-arm telescopic plates (833) are respectively hinged to one ends of the two hopper vertical plates (810) of the discharge hopper (81) away from the chain reversing assembly (817). The two rollers (811) installed at the ends of the II-arm telescopic arms (834) of the II-arm telescopic plates (833) are respectively slidably installed in the hopper slideways (813) provided on the outer sides of the two hopper vertical plates (810) of the discharge hopper (81). The cylinder bodies of the two stage-II cylinders (84) are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two hopper vertical plates (810) of the discharge hopper (81) near the II-arm assembly (83). The ends of the cylinder rods of the stage-II cylinders (84) are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the II-arm vertical plates (830) of the II-arm assembly (83) near the discharge hopper (81). The III-arm assembly (85) includes a III-arm vertical plate (850), III-arm guide rails (851), connecting rod bars (814), a III-arm telescopic plate (852), a III-arm telescopic arm (853), and rollers (811). On one side plate surface of the III-arm vertical plate (850), two III-arm guide rails (851) are provided along one edge. Two III-arm vertical plates (850) are connected together by multiple connecting rod bars (814), and the two III-arm vertical plates (850) are parallel to each other. The plate surfaces of the two III-arm vertical plates (850) with the III-arm guide rails (851) face inward, and the III-arm guide rails (851) on the two III-arm vertical plates (850) are in the same plane;One end of a short side of the III-arm telescopic plate (852) extends along the length direction of the short side to have a III-arm telescopic arm (853). A roller (811) is installed at the end of the III-arm telescopic arm (853). The ends of the short sides of two III-arm telescopic plates (852) away from the III-arm telescopic arm (853) are respectively hinged to one end of the edges provided with III-arm guide rails (851) of two III-arm vertical plates (850) connected together by a connecting plate rod (814) of the III-arm assembly (85). One end of the two III-arm vertical plates (850) of the III-arm assembly (85) hinged with the III-arm telescopic plate (852) is respectively hinged to one end of the two II-arm vertical plates (830) of the II-arm assembly (83) away from the discharge hopper (81). Two rollers (811) installed at the ends of the III-arm telescopic arms (853) of the III-arm telescopic plate (852) are respectively slidably installed in II-arm slideways (832) arranged on the outer sides of the two II-arm vertical plates (830) of the II-arm assembly (83). The cylinder bodies of two third-stage cylinders (86) are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two II-arm vertical plates (830) of the II-arm assembly (83) near the III-arm assembly (85). The ends of the cylinder rods of the third-stage cylinders (86) are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the III-arm vertical plates (850) of the III-arm assembly (85) near the II-arm assembly (83). The IV-arm assembly (87) includes an IV-arm vertical plate (870), an IV-arm guide rail (871), a connecting plate rod (814), a sensor (819), a chain drive assembly (872), a discharge drive (873), a chain transmission assembly (874), and a chain guard (875). Among them, two IV-arm guide rails (871) are arranged along one side of one side plate of the IV-arm vertical plate (870). Two IV-arm vertical plates (870) are connected together by multiple connecting plate rods (814) and the two IV-arm vertical plates (870) are parallel to each other. The side plates of the two IV-arm vertical plates (870) provided with IV-arm guide rails (871) face inward and the IV-arm guide rails (871) on the two IV-arm vertical plates (870) are in the same plane. A sensor (819) is installed at the edge of one IV-arm vertical plate (870) where no IV-arm guide rail (871) is provided. The two ends of the shaft of the chain drive assembly (872) are supported at one end of the IV-arm guide rails (871) arranged on the two IV-arm vertical plates (870). Two discharge drives (873) are respectively installed on the inner side plates of the two IV-arm vertical plates (870). The extended ends of the shafts of the two discharge drives (873) passing through the IV-arm vertical plates (870) are respectively connected to the shaft of the chain drive assembly (872) through the chain transmission assembly (874). A chain guard (875) is installed outside the chain drive assembly (872);One end of the two IV-arm vertical plates (870) of the IV-arm assembly (87) away from the chain drive assembly (872) is respectively hinged to one end of the two III-arm vertical plates (850) of the III-arm assembly (85) away from the II-arm assembly (83). The cylinder bodies of the two IV-stage cylinders (88) are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the two III-arm vertical plates (850) of the III-arm assembly (85) near the IV-arm assembly (87). The ends of the cylinder rods of the IV-stage cylinders (88) are respectively hinged to the outer sides of the IV-arm vertical plates (870) of the IV-arm assembly (87) away from the chain drive assembly (872). The discharge conveyor belt (89) includes a discharge chain (890), a connecting rod (891), and a buffer belt (892). Two discharge chains (890) connected end to end to form a loop are connected into a looped conveyor belt through multiple connecting rods (891), and a looped buffer belt (892) is laid on the outside of the looped conveyor belt. The discharge conveyor belt (89) is hung on the chain reversing assembly (817) of the discharge hopper (81) and the chain drive assembly (872) of the IV-arm assembly (87). The upper and lower sections of the discharge conveyor belt (89) are respectively supported on the hopper guide rail (812) of the discharge hopper (81), the II-arm guide rail (831) of the II-arm assembly (83), the III-arm guide rail (851) of the III-arm assembly (85), and the IV-arm guide rail (871) of the IV-arm assembly (87), and is tensioned by the tensioning cylinder (818) of the discharge hopper (81).;

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