Harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure and application of livestock and poultry manure in preparation of organic fertilizer

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection and bio-organic fertilizers, and particularly discloses harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure and application of the livestock and poultry manure in preparation of an organic fertilizer. Comprising the steps of solid-liquid separation, chemical disinfection, biological fermentation, post-treatment and the like. And carrying out solid-liquid separation by a plate-and-frame filter pressing method, disinfecting by adopting a low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution, and adjusting the pH value. Then, the solid excrement is subjected to aerobic composting fermentation, and specific aerobic microorganisms are utilized; the liquid sewage is subjected to anaerobic fermentation, and specific anaerobic microorganisms are utilized. And performing high-temperature steam treatment, drying and freeze-drying on the solid fertilizer subjected to aerobic composting to obtain organic fertilizer powder. And further treating biogas residues generated by anaerobic fermentation into a fertilizer additive or a feed additive. Particularly, the preparation of the feed additive relates to the cleaning, drying, crushing and bacterium-enzyme combined fermentation of biogas residues, and the biogas residues are mixed with natural extracts such as glycyrrhizin and aloe polysaccharide. The whole treatment method realizes resource utilization of the livestock and poultry manure, and has environmental protection and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the fields of environmental protection and biological organic fertilizers, and specifically discloses a harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure and its application in the preparation of organic fertilizers. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of modern agriculture, the livestock and poultry breeding industry has made great contributions to the global food supply. However, with the expansion of the breeding scale and the improvement of the intensification degree, the generation amount of livestock and poultry manure has increased sharply, posing a serious threat to the environment and ecosystem. Traditional livestock and poultry manure treatment methods, such as direct discharge and simple composting, not only cannot effectively remove the harmful substances therein, but may also cause problems such as water pollution, soil degradation, and air odor, seriously affecting the quality of life of surrounding residents and the sustainable development of the ecological environment.

[0003] In order to solve the problem of livestock and poultry manure treatment, scientific researchers and technicians have continuously explored new treatment methods and technologies in order to achieve the harmless, reduction, and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. At present, livestock and poultry manure treatment technologies are mainly divided into three categories: physical treatment, chemical treatment, and biological treatment.

[0004] Physical treatment technologies mainly remove solid particles, moisture, etc. in livestock and poultry manure through physical methods. Commonly used methods include solid-liquid separation, filtration, precipitation, centrifugation, etc. Solid-liquid separation is the primary step in livestock and poultry manure treatment, separating the solids from the liquids in the manure through means such as screening and pressing, providing convenience for subsequent treatment. However, simple physical treatment can only remove some pollutants and cannot fundamentally solve the pollution problem of livestock and poultry manure.

[0005] Chemical treatment technologies use chemical reagents to react with harmful substances in livestock and poultry manure to achieve the purpose of removing pollutants. Commonly used chemical reagents include disinfectants, acid-base regulators, flocculants, etc. Disinfectants such as hydrogen peroxide and sodium hypochlorite can effectively kill pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs in livestock and poultry manure; acid-base regulators such as sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid can adjust the pH value of livestock and poultry manure to make it more suitable for subsequent biological treatment; flocculants such as polyaluminum chloride and polyacrylamide can remove suspended solids and colloidal substances in livestock and poultry manure through adsorption, bridging, etc. However, chemical treatment technologies are prone to secondary pollution and have relatively high treatment costs, limiting their wide application.

[0006] Biological treatment technology utilizes the metabolic activities of microorganisms to convert organic matter in livestock and poultry manure into harmless or stable substances, which is an important way to realize the resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure. According to the metabolic types of microorganisms, biological treatment technology can be divided into aerobic treatment and anaerobic treatment. Aerobic treatment uses aerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter under sufficient oxygen conditions, producing harmless substances such as carbon dioxide and water; anaerobic treatment uses anaerobic microorganisms to decompose organic matter under anaerobic conditions, producing products such as biogas, biogas slurry and biogas residue. Biogas can be used as energy, and biogas slurry and biogas residue can be used as fertilizers or feed additives. Biological treatment technology has the advantages of high treatment efficiency, low cost and no secondary pollution, and is the mainstream technology for livestock and poultry manure treatment.

[0007] Although the existing technologies have achieved certain results in the treatment of livestock and poultry manure, there are still many defects.

[0008] First of all, although physical treatment technology can remove some solid particles and moisture in livestock and poultry manure, it cannot effectively remove harmful substances and pathogens in it, and the treatment effect is limited.

[0009] Secondly, although chemical treatment technology can kill pathogens, adjust the pH value, etc., it is prone to secondary pollution and the treatment cost is relatively high. For example, when using disinfectants, toxic by-products may be produced; when using acid-base regulators, the soil structure may be damaged; when using flocculants, new pollutants may be introduced.

[0010] Furthermore, although biological treatment technology has the advantages of high treatment efficiency and low cost, it is easily affected by environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, and pH value. In addition, aerobic treatment requires a large amount of oxygen, increasing the treatment cost; anaerobic treatment may produce malodorous gases, affecting the surrounding environment.

[0011] Finally, when the existing technologies treat livestock and poultry manure, they often ignore the further utilization of biogas residue. As a by-product of anaerobic fermentation, biogas residue contains rich organic matter, trace elements and bioactive substances, and has high utilization value. However, most of the existing technologies directly discharge or simply compost biogas residue, failing to fully utilize its potential value. This not only wastes resources but also may cause environmental pollution. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In view of the above problems, the present invention discloses a harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure and its application in the preparation of organic fertilizer. This method combines the advantages of physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies to achieve efficient, harmless treatment and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure.

[0013] The object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.

[0014] A method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure, comprising the following steps:

[0015] S1 Pretreatment:

[0016] Use physical methods to separate solid and liquid from livestock and poultry manure, so that the liquid content of solid manure is between 50% and 60%; collect solid manure and liquid sewage separately;

[0017] S2 Chemical disinfection:

[0018] S21 Disinfection treatment: Spray and disinfect solid manure and liquid sewage with a low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution;

[0019] S22 pH adjustment: Adjust the pH value of liquid sewage to neutral or slightly alkaline;

[0020] S3 Biological fermentation:

[0021] S31 Aerobic composting: Send solid manure into an aerobic composting fermentation tank, ferment using aerobic microorganisms, mix evenly in the tank through stirring blades, control the temperature, and ferment for 7 - 10 days;

[0022] S32 Anaerobic fermentation: Introduce liquid sewage into an anaerobic fermentation tank, ferment using anaerobic microorganisms to produce biogas and biogas residue;

[0023] S4 Post-treatment:

[0024] S41 Fertilizer treatment: Conduct high-temperature steam treatment on the solid fertilizer after aerobic composting fermentation, and then perform drying and pulverization to become organic fertilizer powder;

[0025] S42 Biogas residue discharge: Further process the biogas residue produced by anaerobic fermentation to become a fertilizer additive or a feed additive.

[0026] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned harmless treatment method of livestock and poultry manure, in the solid-liquid separation in step S1, the plate and frame filter press method is used.

[0027] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned harmless treatment method of livestock and poultry manure, in step S21, the concentration of the low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution is 0.5wt%.

[0028] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned harmless treatment method of livestock and poultry manure, the aerobic microorganisms in step S31 are composed of Cellulomonas, Azotobacter chroococcum, Lactobacillus lactis, Nocardia, Bacillus megaterium, Streptomyces somaliensis, and Paecilomyces lilacinus; the inoculation amount of each strain is not less than 1x10 6 / mL fermentation broth.

[0029] Furthermore, for the above-mentioned harmless treatment method of livestock and poultry manure, the ventilation volume in step S31 is 0.5 - 1.5 vvm, and the temperature is 30 - 45 °C.

[0030] Further, in the anaerobic fermentation in step S32 of the above-mentioned harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure, the anaerobic microorganisms are composed of Clostridium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, hydrogenotrophic methanogens, aceticlastic methanogens, and Clostridium perfringens; the inoculation amount of each bacterium is not less than 1x10 6 / mL of fermentation broth, the temperature is 25 - 50 °C, and the fermentation lasts for 15 - 30 days.

[0031] Further, in the above-mentioned harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure, in the S41 fertilizer treatment, after drying to a water content of less than 20 wt%, freeze-drying treatment is carried out, including the following steps:

[0032] a. Pre-freezing: Spread the solid fertilizer for pre-freezing, the spreading thickness is 15 - 30 cm, and rapid pre-freezing is carried out under normal pressure, the pre-freezing time is 70 - 90 min, and the pre-freezing temperature is -20 to -40 °C;

[0033] b. Freeze-drying: Add glycerol as a freeze-drying protectant with a mass fraction of 5 - 10%, put it into a freeze-dryer for freeze-drying, and the freeze-drying program is as follows:

[0034] A: -40 to -50 °C, the pressure is 450 - 550 Pa, and the freeze-drying time is 60 - 180 min;

[0035] B: -55 to -65 °C, the pressure is 250 - 350 Pa, and the freeze-drying time is 100 - 200 min;

[0036] C: -65 to -75 °C, the pressure is 100 - 150 Pa, and the freeze-drying time is 35 - 45 min;

[0037] D: Restore to normal temperature and pressure, and dry until the water content is less than 10% to obtain the organic freeze-dried powder fertilizer.

[0038] Further, in the above-mentioned harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure, in the S42 biogas residue discharge, the preparation of the fertilizer additive includes the following steps:

[0039] After naturally drying the biogas residue until the moisture is less than 15%, add 10 - 20 parts of straw powder, 5 - 10 parts of soybean dregs, 5 - 15 parts of plant ash, and 5 - 10 parts of phosphate rock powder to every 100 parts of biogas residue to prepare the fertilizer additive.

[0040] The present invention also discloses an organic fertilizer for soybean planting, which is composed of the above-mentioned organic fertilizer powder and feed additive; the organic fertilizer is composed of 100 parts of organic fertilizer powder and 10 - 15 parts of fertilizer additive by weight.

[0041] The present invention also discloses a feed additive for dairy cow feeding, which is prepared from the above-mentioned feed additive as the raw material according to the following steps:

[0042] 1) Wash, dry, and finely pulverize biogas residue to biogas residue micropowder A at the micropowder level;

[0043] 2) Add water to the biogas residue micropowder and place it in an open container as the fermentation broth. Inoculate Bacillus cereus, Trichoderma harzianum Africa, and Xanthomonas luteola, each not less than 1x10 5 / mL of the fermentation broth; at the same time, add cellulase 200 - 400 U / mL of the fermentation broth, xylanase 100 - 200 U / mL of the fermentation broth, amylase 300 - 600 U / mL of the fermentation broth, and pectinase 100 - 200 U / mL of the fermentation broth for combined bacteria-enzyme fermentation. The fermentation temperature is 30 - 40 °C, the stirring speed is 100 - 150 rpm, and the fermentation lasts for 24 - 48 h; after completion, evaporate the fermentation broth to dryness and perform low-temperature vacuum drying to prepare biogas residue micropowder B, and the drying temperature does not exceed 70 °C;

[0044] 3) By weight, uniformly mix 100 parts of biogas residue micropowder B, 10 - 20 parts of glycyrrhizin, 5 - 10 parts of aloe polysaccharide, 3 - 6 parts of green tea polyphenol, 2 - 4 parts of maca powder, and 1 - 2 parts of compound vitamins to obtain a feed additive for dairy cow feeding.

[0045] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0046] The present invention proposes a harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure and its application in the preparation of organic fertilizer. This method combines the advantages of physical, chemical, and biological treatment technologies, realizing the efficient, harmless treatment, and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure.

[0047] In the pretreatment stage, the present invention uses physical methods to separate solid and liquid in livestock and poultry manure, controlling the liquid content of solid manure between 50% and 60%, which facilitates subsequent treatment. Meanwhile, solid manure and liquid sewage are collected separately, realizing the classified treatment of livestock and poultry manure. In the chemical disinfection stage, the present invention sprays and disinfects solid manure and liquid sewage with a low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution, effectively killing pathogenic bacteria and parasite eggs. Meanwhile, the pH value of the liquid sewage is adjusted to neutral or slightly alkaline, creating favorable conditions for subsequent biological treatment. In the biological fermentation stage, the present invention uses aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation technologies to treat solid manure and liquid sewage respectively. Aerobic composting uses aerobic microorganisms for fermentation, mixing evenly in the tank through stirring blades, controlling the temperature and ventilation volume, and realizing the efficient conversion of solid manure; anaerobic fermentation uses anaerobic microorganisms for fermentation, producing biogas and biogas residues. Biogas can be used as energy, and biogas residues are used as raw materials for subsequent treatment. In the post-treatment stage, the present invention conducts high-temperature steam treatment, drying and pulverization on the solid fertilizer after aerobic composting fermentation to prepare organic fertilizer powder. Meanwhile, the biogas residues produced by anaerobic fermentation are further processed to prepare fertilizer additives or feed additives. This not only improves the utilization value of livestock and poultry manure but also realizes the recycling of resources.

[0048] In summary, the present invention realizes the efficient, harmless treatment and resource utilization of livestock and poultry manure by optimizing the treatment process and technical parameters of livestock and poultry manure. The invention has broad application prospects and significant social and economic benefits in the field of livestock and poultry manure treatment. Description of the Drawings

[0049] Figure 1 Comparison chart of soybean yield per mu in Test Example 1;

[0050] Figure 2 Comparison chart of soybean protein content in Test Example 1;

[0051] Figure 3 Comparison chart of soybean linoleic acid content in Test Example 1;

[0052] Figure 4 Comparison chart of average daily milk yield of dairy cows in Test Example 2;

[0053] Figure 5 Comparison chart of milk production quality (protein content %) of dairy cows in Test Example 2. Detailed Embodiments

[0054] A method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure, comprising the following steps:

[0055] S1 Pretreatment:

[0056] The solid-liquid separation of livestock and poultry manure is carried out by physical methods, so that the liquid content of the solid manure is between 50% and 60%; the solid manure and liquid sewage are collected separately;

[0057] S2 Chemical disinfection:

[0058] S21 Disinfection treatment: Spraying disinfection is carried out on the solid manure and liquid sewage with a low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution;

[0059] S22 pH adjustment: Adjust the pH value of the liquid sewage to neutral or slightly alkaline;

[0060] S3 Biological fermentation:

[0061] S31 Aerobic composting: The solid manure is fed into an aerobic composting fermentation tank, fermented by aerobic microorganisms, mixed evenly in the tank by stirring blades, and the temperature is controlled for 7-10 days;

[0062] S32 Anaerobic fermentation: The liquid sewage is introduced into an anaerobic fermentation tank and fermented by anaerobic microorganisms to produce biogas and biogas residue;

[0063] S4 Post-treatment:

[0064] S41 Fertilizer treatment: The solid fertilizer after aerobic composting fermentation is treated with high-temperature steam, and then dried and pulverized to become organic fertilizer powder;

[0065] S42 Biogas residue discharge: The biogas residue produced by anaerobic fermentation is further processed to become a fertilizer additive or feed additive.

[0066] In the solid-liquid separation in step S1, the plate and frame filter press method is used;

[0067] In step S21, the concentration of the low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution is 0.5 wt%;

[0068] The aerobic microorganisms in step S31 are composed of Cellulomonas, Azotobacter chroococcum, Lactobacillus lactis, Nocardia, Bacillus megaterium, Streptomyces somaliensis and Paecilomyces lilacinus; the inoculation amount of each strain is not less than 1x10 6 / mL fermentation broth;

[0069] The ventilation volume in step S31 is 0.5-1.5 vvm, and the temperature is 30-45 °C;

[0070] In the anaerobic fermentation in step S32, the anaerobic microorganisms are composed of Clostridium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hydrogenotrophic methanogens, Acetotrophic methanogens and Clostridium perfringens; the inoculation amount of each strain is not less than 1x10 6 / mL fermentation broth, the temperature is 25-50 °C, and the fermentation is carried out for 15-30 days.

[0071] In the S41 fertilizer treatment, after drying to a water content of less than 20 wt%, freeze-drying treatment is carried out, including the following steps:

[0072] a Pre-freezing: Spread the solid fertilizer and carry out pre-freezing. The spreading thickness is 15 - 30 cm. Rapid pre-freezing is carried out under normal pressure. The pre-freezing time is 70 - 90 min, and the pre-freezing temperature is -20 to -40 °C;

[0073] b Freeze-drying: Add glycerol as a freeze-drying protectant with a mass fraction of 5 - 10%, and put it into a freeze-dryer for freeze-drying. The freeze-drying procedure is as follows:

[0074] A: -40 to -50 °C, pressure 450 - 550 Pa, freeze-dry for 60 - 180 min;

[0075] B: -55 to -65 °C, pressure 250 - 350 Pa, freeze-dry for 100 - 200 min;

[0076] C: -65 to -75 °C, pressure 100 - 150 Pa, freeze-dry for 35 - 45 min;

[0077] D: Restore to normal temperature and pressure, and dry to a water content of less than 10% to obtain organic freeze-dried powder fertilizer.

[0078] In the S42 biogas residue discharge, the preparation of the fertilizer additive includes the following steps:

[0079] After naturally drying the biogas residue to a water content of less than 15%, add 10 - 20 parts of straw powder, 5 - 10 parts of soybean dregs, 5 - 15 parts of plant ash, and 5 - 10 parts of phosphate rock powder to every 100 parts of biogas residue to obtain the fertilizer additive.

[0080] An organic fertilizer for soybean planting is composed of the above organic fertilizer powder and the fertilizer additive; the organic fertilizer is composed of 100 parts of organic fertilizer powder and 10 - 15 parts of fertilizer additive by weight.

[0081] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below through the accompanying drawings and embodiments. However, it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition, in the following description, the descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present invention.

[0082] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0083] Example 1

[0084] A method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure sewage includes the following steps:

[0085] S1 Pretreatment:

[0086] Use a physical method to separate solid and liquid from livestock and poultry manure, so that the liquid content of solid manure is between 50% and 60%; collect solid manure and liquid sewage separately;

[0087] S2 Chemical disinfection:

[0088] S21 Disinfection treatment: Spray and disinfect solid manure and liquid sewage with a low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution;

[0089] S22 pH adjustment: Adjust the pH value of the liquid sewage to neutral or slightly alkaline;

[0090] S3 Biological fermentation:

[0091] S31 Aerobic composting: Feed the solid manure into an aerobic composting fermentation tank, ferment using aerobic microorganisms, mix evenly in the tank through stirring blades, control the temperature, and ferment for 7 - 10 days;

[0092] S32 Anaerobic fermentation: Introduce the liquid sewage into an anaerobic fermentation tank, ferment using anaerobic microorganisms to produce biogas and biogas residue;

[0093] S4 Post-treatment:

[0094] S41 Fertilizer treatment: Conduct high-temperature steam treatment on the solid fertilizer after aerobic composting fermentation, and then dry and crush it to become organic fertilizer powder;

[0095] S42 Biogas residue discharge: Further process the biogas residue produced by anaerobic fermentation to become a fertilizer additive.

[0096] For the solid-liquid separation in step S1, use the plate and frame filter press method;

[0097] In step S21, the concentration of the low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution is 0.5 wt%;

[0098] The aerobic microorganisms in step S31 are composed of Cellulomonas, Azotobacter chroococcum, Lactobacillus lactis, Nocardia, Bacillus megaterium, Streptomyces somaliensis, and Paecilomyces lilacinus; the inoculation amount of each bacterium is not less than 1x10 6 / mL fermentation broth;

[0099] The ventilation volume in step S31 is 0.5 - 1.5 vvm, and the temperature is 30 - 45 °C;

[0100] In the anaerobic fermentation in step S32, the anaerobic microorganisms are composed of Clostridium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hydrogenotrophic methanogens, Acetotrophic methanogens, and Clostridium perfringens; the inoculation amount of each bacterium is not less than 1x10 6 / mL of fermentation broth, at a temperature of 25 - 50 °C, fermented for 15 - 30 days.

[0101] In the S41 fertilizer treatment, after drying to a water content of less than 20 wt%, freeze-drying treatment is carried out, including the following steps:

[0102] a. Pre-freezing: Spread the solid fertilizer and carry out pre-freezing, with the spreading thickness being 15 - 30 cm, carrying out rapid pre-freezing under normal pressure, with a pre-freezing time of 70 - 90 min and a pre-freezing temperature of -20 to -40 °C;

[0103] b. Freeze-drying: Add glycerol as a freeze-drying protectant with a mass fraction of 5 - 10%, put it into a freeze-dryer for freeze-drying, and the freeze-drying program is as follows:

[0104] A: -40 to -50 °C, pressure 450 - 550 Pa, freeze-dry for 60 - 180 min;

[0105] B: -55 to -65 °C, pressure 250 - 350 Pa, freeze-dry for 100 - 200 min;

[0106] C: -65 to -75 °C, pressure 100 - 150 Pa, freeze-dry for 35 - 45 min;

[0107] D: Restore to normal temperature and pressure, dry to a water content of less than 10%, to obtain the organic freeze-dried powder fertilizer.

[0108] In the S42 biogas residue discharge, the preparation of the fertilizer additive includes the following steps:

[0109] After the biogas residue is naturally dried to a water content of less than 15%, add 10 parts of straw powder, 5 parts of soybean residue, 5 parts of plant ash, and 5 parts of phosphate rock powder to every 100 parts of biogas residue to obtain the fertilizer additive.

[0110] An organic fertilizer for soybean planting is composed of the above organic fertilizer powder and the fertilizer additive; the organic fertilizer is composed of 100 parts of organic fertilizer powder and 12 parts of fertilizer additive by weight.

[0111] Example 2

[0112] In the S42 biogas residue discharge, the preparation of the fertilizer additive includes the following steps:

[0113] After the biogas residue is naturally dried to a water content of less than 15%, add 15 parts of straw powder, 8 parts of soybean residue, 10 parts of plant ash, and 8 parts of phosphate rock powder to every 100 parts of biogas residue to obtain the fertilizer additive.

[0114] An organic fertilizer for soybean planting is composed of the above organic fertilizer powder and the fertilizer additive; the organic fertilizer is composed of 100 parts of organic fertilizer powder and 12 parts of fertilizer additive by weight.

[0115] The rest is the same as in Example 1

[0116] Example 3

[0117] In the discharge of biogas residue in S42, the preparation of the fertilizer additive includes the following steps:

[0118] After the biogas residue is naturally dried until the moisture content is lower than 15%, 20 parts of straw powder, 10 parts of soybean residue, 15 parts of plant ash, and 10 parts of phosphate rock powder are added to every 100 parts of biogas residue to obtain the fertilizer additive.

[0119] An organic fertilizer for soybean planting is composed of the above-mentioned organic fertilizer powder and the fertilizer additive; the organic fertilizer is composed of 100 parts of organic fertilizer powder and 12 parts of fertilizer additive by weight.

[0120] The rest is the same as in Example 1

[0121] Comparative Example 1

[0122] Directly use livestock and poultry manure as the organic fertilizer for soybean planting.

[0123] Comparative Example 2

[0124] Commercially available organic fertilizer (Shangguyuan Wo High-Activity Organic Fertilizer (NY884-2012), Handan Yuwo Fertilizer Industry Technology Co., Ltd.)

[0125] Test Example 1

[0126] For neutral sandy loam, within one week before soybean planting, 200 kg / mu of organic fertilizer (5 mu each for Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2, taking the average value) is spread as base fertilizer and mixed into the plough layer soil. (The soybean variety is Huaxia No. 1)

[0127] When planting soybeans, use a soybean seed and fertilizer simultaneous sowing machine, 2.0 kg of urea, 25 kg of superphosphate, and 10 kg of potassium sulfate per mu of land, and apply them 8 cm away from the seed side at a depth of 10 cm. During the planting period, normal field management such as pest control is carried out.

[0128] Compare the soybean yield per mu, the protein content of soybeans, and the content of unsaturated fatty acid linoleic acid in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2. The protein content is determined by the Kjeldahl method, and the linoleic acid content is determined by gas chromatography. The results are as Figures 1-3 shown in Table 1

[0129] Table 1 Soybean Yield and Quality Test

[0130]

[0131]

[0132] From Table 1 and Figures 1-3It can be seen from the data that the present invention processes fresh livestock and poultry manure, separates it into solid and liquid parts for separate treatment, processes the solid part into organic fertilizer powder, and processes the liquid part into fertilizer additive. It is convenient to use and the ratio is more reasonable. The new organic fertilizer for soybean cultivation is composed of 100 parts of organic fertilizer powder and 12 parts of fertilizer additive. Compared with the original livestock and poultry manure, the yield per mu has increased by nearly 10%. At the same time, it is more suitable for soybean cultivation than the commercially available organic fertilizer. From the perspective of protein content and linoleic acid content, the quality of soybeans cultivated with the organic fertilizer of the present invention has also been significantly improved, showing good market prospects.

[0133] Example 4

[0134] A harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure pollution, comprising the following steps:

[0135] S1 Pretreatment:

[0136] Use a physical method to separate the solid and liquid of livestock and poultry manure pollution, so that the liquid content of the solid manure is between 50-60%; collect the solid manure and liquid sewage separately;

[0137] S2 Chemical disinfection:

[0138] S21 Disinfection treatment: Spray and disinfect the solid manure and liquid sewage with a low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution;

[0139] S22 pH adjustment: Adjust the pH value of the liquid sewage to neutral or slightly alkaline;

[0140] S3 Biological fermentation:

[0141] S31 Aerobic composting: Feed the solid manure into an aerobic composting fermentation tank, ferment it with aerobic microorganisms, mix it evenly in the tank through stirring blades, control the temperature, and ferment for 7-10 days;

[0142] S32 Anaerobic fermentation: Introduce the liquid sewage into an anaerobic fermentation tank, ferment it with anaerobic microorganisms to produce biogas and biogas residues;

[0143] S4 Post-treatment:

[0144] S41 Fertilizer treatment: Perform high-temperature steam treatment on the solid fertilizer after aerobic composting fermentation, and then dry and crush it to become organic fertilizer powder;

[0145] S42 Biogas residue discharge: Further process the biogas residue produced by anaerobic fermentation to become a feed additive.

[0146] For the solid-liquid separation in step S1, the plate and frame pressure filtration method is used;

[0147] In step S21, the concentration of the low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution is 0.5wt%;

[0148] The aerobic microorganisms in step S31 are composed of Cellulomonas, Azotobacter chroococcum, Lactobacillus lactis, Nocardia, Bacillus megaterium, Streptomyces somaliensis, and Paecilomyces lilacinus; the inoculation amount of each strain is not less than 1x10 6 / mL of fermentation broth;

[0149] The aeration rate in step S31 is 0.5 - 1.5 vvm, and the temperature is 30 - 45 °C;

[0150] In the anaerobic fermentation of step S32, the anaerobic microorganisms are composed of Clostridium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Hydrogenotrophic methanogens, Acetotrophic methanogens, and Clostridium perfringens; the inoculation amount of each strain is not less than 1x10 6 / mL of fermentation broth, the temperature is 25 - 50 °C, and the fermentation lasts for 15 - 30 days.

[0151] A feed additive for dairy cow feeding, using the feed additive in the biogas residue discharge of S42 as the raw material, and is prepared according to the following steps:

[0152] 1) Wash, dry, and finely crush the biogas residue to biogas residue micropowder A at the micropowder level;

[0153] 2) Add water to the biogas residue micropowder and place it in an open container as the fermentation broth, inoculate Bacillus cereus, Trichoderma harzianum africana, and Xanthomonas campestris not less than 1x10 5 / mL of fermentation broth; at the same time, add cellulase 200 - 400 U / mL of fermentation broth, xylanase 100 - 200 U / mL of fermentation broth, amylase 300 - 600 U / mL of fermentation broth, and pectinase 100 - 200 U / mL of fermentation broth for combined bacteria - enzyme fermentation. The fermentation temperature is 30 - 40 °C, the stirring speed is 100 - 150 rpm, and the fermentation lasts for 24 - 48 h; after completion, evaporate the fermentation broth to dryness and perform low - temperature vacuum drying to prepare biogas residue micropowder B, and the drying temperature does not exceed 70 °C;

[0154] 3) By weight, uniformly mix 100 parts of biogas residue micropowder B, 10 parts of glycyrrhizin, 5 parts of aloe polysaccharide, 3 parts of green tea polyphenols, 2 parts of maca powder, and 1 part of compound vitamin to obtain a feed additive for dairy cow feeding.

[0155] The compound vitamin is purchased from Henan Xumutong Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Compound Vitamin Rovita).

[0156] Example 5

[0157] 3) By weight, uniformly mix 100 parts of biogas residue micropowder B, 15 parts of glycyrrhizin, 7.5 parts of aloe polysaccharide, 4.5 parts of green tea polyphenols, 3 parts of maca powder, and 1.5 parts of compound vitamin to obtain a feed additive for dairy cow feeding.

[0158] The rest is the same as in Example 4

[0159] Example 6

[0160] 3) By weight, 100 parts of biogas residue micropowder B, 20 parts of glycyrrhizin, 10 parts of aloe polysaccharide, 6 parts of green tea polyphenol, 4 parts of maca powder, and 2 parts of compound vitamins are uniformly mixed to obtain a feed additive for dairy cow feeding.

[0161] The rest is the same as in Example 4

[0162] Comparative Example 3

[0163] 3) By weight, 100 parts of biogas residue micropowder A, 10 parts of glycyrrhizin, 5 parts of aloe polysaccharide, 3 parts of green tea polyphenol, 2 parts of maca powder, and 1 part of compound vitamins are uniformly mixed to obtain a feed additive for dairy cow feeding.

[0164] This comparative example uses biogas residue micropowder A instead of fermented biogas residue micropowder B.

[0165] Comparative Example 4

[0166] This comparative example directly uses biogas residue micropowder B as a feed additive for dairy cow feeding, without including 10 parts of glycyrrhizin, 5 parts of aloe polysaccharide, 3 parts of green tea polyphenol, 2 parts of maca powder, and 1 part of compound vitamins.

[0167] Test Example 2

[0168] Verify the application of the feed additives in Examples 4 - 6 and Comparative Examples 3 - 4 in dairy cow feed.

[0169] (1) The experimental cows are Ayrshire, and 30 cows are randomly selected in each group (body weight 500 ± 100 kg, lactation period 100 ± 50 days; the experiment includes an intervention group and a control group, and the total mixed ration (TMR) of the intervention group and the control group is shown in Table 2. The feeding period is set to 90 days. The average daily milk production of the 1st - 30th day, 31st - 60th day, and 61st - 90th day of the experiment is statistically analyzed for between - group analysis, and the results are shown in Table 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0170] Table 2 Total mixed ration formula of the intervention group and the control group

[0171] wt% of treatment group wt% of control group Hay 20％ 20％ Flaked corn 30％ 40％ Concentrate feed for dairy cows 30％ 30％ Water 10％ 10％ Feed additive 10％ 0％

[0172] The dairy cow concentrate feed is purchased from Beijing Jiahe Mufeng Feed Co., Ltd. (soybean meal feed)

[0173] Table 3 Influence on the average daily milk production of dairy cows

[0174]

[0175]

[0176] As can be seen from Table 3 and Figure 4 it can be known that for the feed additive prepared in Examples 4-6 of the present invention for dairy cow feeding, when added to the mixed diet at an addition amount of 10 wt%, compared with the control example without addition, the milk yield has an increase of more than 15%. From Comparative Examples 3 and 4, it can be known that after the biogas residue is fermented to convert the biogas residue fine powder A into the biogas residue fine powder B, the milk yield can be greatly promoted. At the same time, after the biogas residue fine powder B is compounded with glycyrrhizin, aloe polysaccharide, green tea polyphenol, maca powder, and compound vitamins, the milk yield can also be increased.

[0177] (2) On the 0th day, 30th day, 60th day, and 90th day, the milk quality (protein content) of each group on the same day was respectively counted, and the results are shown in Table 4 and Figure 5 as follows.

[0178] Table 4 Influence of Feed Additive on Milk Production Quality (Protein Content) of Dairy Cows

[0179]

[0180] As can be seen from Table 4 and Figure 5 it can be known that for the feed additive prepared in Examples 4-6 of the present invention for dairy cow feeding, when added to the mixed diet at an addition amount of 10 wt%, it can promote the improvement of milk quality (protein content) and has higher nutritional value compared with adding flaky corn of the same quality.

[0181] As can be seen from the above examples, the present invention respectively uses aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation technologies to treat solid manure and liquid sewage. Aerobic composting uses aerobic microorganisms for fermentation, mixes evenly in the tank through stirring blades, and controls the temperature and ventilation volume to achieve the efficient conversion of solid manure; anaerobic fermentation uses anaerobic microorganisms for fermentation to produce biogas and biogas residue. The biogas can be used as energy, and the biogas residue is used as the raw material for subsequent treatment. In the post-treatment stage, the present invention conducts high-temperature steam treatment, drying, and pulverization on the solid fertilizer after aerobic composting fermentation to prepare organic fertilizer powder. At the same time, the biogas residue produced by anaerobic fermentation is further treated to prepare a fertilizer additive or a feed additive; this not only improves the utilization value of livestock and poultry manure but also realizes the recycling of resources.

[0182] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, based on the innovative concept of the present invention, any changes and modifications made to the embodiments described herein, or equivalent structural or equivalent process transformations made by using the content of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly applying the above technical solutions to other related technical fields, are all included in the protection scope of the present invention patent.

Claims

1. A method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1 Pretreatment: Use physical methods to separate solid and liquid from livestock and poultry manure, so that the liquid content of solid manure is between 50% and 60%; collect solid manure and liquid sewage separately; S2 Chemical disinfection: S21 Disinfection treatment: Spray and disinfect solid manure and liquid sewage with low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution; S22 pH adjustment: Adjust the pH value of liquid sewage to neutral or slightly alkaline; S3 Biological fermentation: S31 Aerobic composting: Send solid manure into an aerobic composting fermentation tank, ferment using aerobic microorganisms, mix evenly in the tank through stirring blades, control the temperature, and ferment for 7 - 10 days; S32 Anaerobic fermentation: Import liquid sewage into an anaerobic fermentation tank, ferment using anaerobic microorganisms to produce biogas and biogas residues; S4 Post-treatment: S41 Fertilizer treatment: Conduct high-temperature steam treatment on the solid fertilizer after aerobic composting fermentation, and then perform drying and pulverization to become organic fertilizer powder; S42 Biogas residue discharge: Further process the biogas residues produced by anaerobic fermentation to become fertilizer additives or feed additives.

2. The harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein For the solid-liquid separation in step S1, the plate and frame pressure filtration method is used.

3. The harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, wherein In step S21, the concentration of the low-concentration hydrogen peroxide solution is 0.5wt%.

4. A method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerobic microorganisms in the step S31 are composed of Cellulomonas, Azotobacter chroococcum, Lactobacillus lactis, Nocardia, Bacillus megaterium, Streptomyces somaliensis and Paecilomyces lilacinus; the inoculation amount of each strain is not less than 1x10 6 / mL of fermentation broth.

5. The method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ventilation volume in step S31 is 0.5 - 1.5vvm, and the temperature is 30 - 45°C.

6. The method for harmless treatment of livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S32 of anaerobic fermentation, the anaerobic microorganisms consist of Clostridium, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, hydrogenotrophic methanogens, acetotrophic methanogens, and Clostridium perfringens; the inoculation amount of each bacterium is not less than 1x10 6 / mL of fermentation broth, at a temperature of 25 - 50 °C, and fermented for 15 - 30 days.

7. The harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that In the S41 fertilizer treatment, after drying to a water content of less than 20wt%, then perform freeze-drying treatment, including the following steps: a Pre-freezing: Spread the solid fertilizer for pre-freezing, with a spreading thickness of 15 - 30 cm, perform rapid pre-freezing under normal pressure, with a pre-freezing time of 70 - 90 min, and a pre-freezing temperature of -20 to -40°C; b Freeze-drying: Add a freeze-drying protective agent glycerol with a mass fraction of 5 - 10%, put it into a freeze-dryer for freeze-drying, and the freeze-drying procedure is as follows: A: -40 to -50°C, pressure 450 - 550 Pa, freeze-dry for 60 - 180 min; B: -55 to -65°C, pressure 250 - 350 Pa, freeze-dry for 100 - 200 min; C: -65 to -75°C, pressure 100 - 150 Pa, freeze-dry for 35 - 45 min; D: Restore to normal temperature and pressure, dry to a water content of less than 10% to obtain organic freeze-dried powder fertilizer.

8. The harmless treatment method for livestock and poultry manure according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the S42 biogas residue discharge, the preparation of fertilizer additives includes the following steps: After naturally drying the biogas residues to a water content of less than 15%, add 10 - 20 parts of straw powder, 5 - 10 parts of soybean dregs, 5 - 15 parts of plant ash, and 5 - 10 parts of phosphate rock powder to every 100 parts of biogas residues to prepare fertilizer additives.

9. An organic fertilizer for soybean cultivation, characterized in that, It is composed of the organic fertilizer powder and fertilizer additives described in any one of claims 1 - 8; the organic fertilizer is composed of 100 parts of organic fertilizer powder and 10 - 15 parts of fertilizer additives by weight.

10. A feed additive for dairy cow feeding, characterized in that, Using the feed additive described in any one of claims 1 - 8 as the raw material, it is prepared according to the following steps: 1) Wash, dry, and finely pulverize the biogas residues to biogas residue fine powder A at the micro-powder level; 2) Add water to the micro - powder of biogas residue and place it in an open container as the fermentation broth. Inoculate Bacillus cereus, Trichoderma harzianum (African strain), and Xanthomonas luteola, each with a concentration not less than 1x10 5 / mL of the fermentation broth; at the same time, add cellulase at 200 - 400 U / mL of the fermentation broth, xylanase at 100 - 200 U / mL of the fermentation broth, amylase at 300 - 600 U / mL of the fermentation broth, and pectinase at 100 - 200 U / mL of the fermentation broth for combined bacteria - enzyme fermentation. The fermentation temperature is 30 - 40 °C, the stirring speed is 100 - 150 rpm, and the fermentation lasts for 24 - 48 h; after completion, evaporate the fermentation broth to dryness and perform low - temperature vacuum drying to prepare biogas residue micro - powder B, with the drying temperature not exceeding 70 °C; 3) By weight, 100 parts of biogas residue fine powder B, 10 - 20 parts of glycyrrhizin, 5 - 10 parts of aloe polysaccharide, 3 - 6 parts of green tea polyphenol, 2 - 4 parts of maca powder, and 1 - 2 parts of compound vitamins are uniformly mixed to obtain a feed additive for dairy cow feeding.

Images