Microorganism and organism synergistic efficient soil improvement method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly relates to a microorganism and organism synergistic efficient soil improvement method, which comprises the following steps of: separating strains from soil to be improved, independently culturing, then carrying out mixed culture, matching the independently cultured strains or the mixed strains subjected to mixed culture with wormcast according to requirements, and regulating and controlling the ratio, so as to obtain the improved soil. According to the method, on the basis of an informationized experiment database and an intelligent strain sample culture system, a quick response chain from experiment to task development to production is established, soil improvement is efficiently and specifically implemented, in the improvement process, the type of the wormcast organic fertilizer is selected according to the soil improvement condition, and the improvement efficiency is improved. The improvement effect is regulated and controlled through hierarchical addition, and the improvement method is simple, convenient and easy to implement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and particularly to a method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms. Background Art

[0002] The technology of soil microbial improvement is one of the key technologies to solve problems such as soil compaction and salinization. However, for a long time, the single variety of microbial additives, unstable effects, and high improvement costs have severely restricted its large-scale application. In addition, another major restricting factor for its large-scale application is that the introduction of targeted microbial improvement programs for the soil to be improved in different regions and different environments lags behind. Moreover, there is also a lack of a rapid response mechanism in the whole process from the introduction of the improvement program to the cultivation of microorganisms and then to the formation of soil improvement operation capacity. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To solve the problems in the background art, the present invention provides a method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1: Sampling the soil of the test plot to obtain a soil sample;

[0007] S2: Analyzing the structure, physical and chemical properties of the soil sample to determine the soil type;

[0008] S3: Isolating microbial strains from the soil sample, and inoculating the microbial strains with a nitrogen fixation amount greater than the nitrogen fixation amount threshold, a phosphorus solubilization amount greater than the phosphorus solubilization amount threshold, or a growth hormone production amount greater than the growth hormone production amount threshold into a primary culture container respectively for separate culture;

[0009] S4: Based on the soil type, determining the required strains and the addition amount, and according to the set strains and addition amount, the controller controls the sampling device to sample from the primary culture container in S3, and inoculates the taken out multiple strains into a secondary culture container for mixed culture;

[0010] S5: Mixing the mixed strains after the end of the mixed culture in S4 with vermicompost, or mixing the single strain after the end of the separate culture in S3 with vermicompost to improve the soil;

[0011] The separate cultivation in step S3 or the mixed cultivation in step S4 is realized by a strain cultivation system, which includes an independent cultivation module, an automatic metering and mixing module, a controller, and a cultivation environment maintenance device. The automatic metering and mixing module is used to automatically control the sampling amount of the sampling device according to the set strains and addition amounts, place each single strain taken out from the primary cultivation container into the secondary cultivation container, mix them evenly and cultivate them.

[0012] The strain cultivation system communicates with the soil information data platform, obtains soil basic information and soil experiment data from the soil information data platform, updates the primary cultivation strain library according to the obtained soil basic information and soil experiment data, and generates a secondary cultivation plan.

[0013] The independent cultivation module consists of multiple independent primary cultivation containers, and each primary cultivation container is equipped with an independent temperature, humidity, and ventilation volume control system.

[0014] The controller is used to monitor the operating states of the primary cultivation container, secondary cultivation container, and sampling device in real time according to the set cultivation conditions of each single strain or mixed strain, sampling strains and addition amounts, and mixing time, and automatically control the operation of related equipment according to the set parameters.

[0015] Among them, the primary cultivation container or secondary cultivation container is made of transparent glass or plastic; the secondary cultivation container is equipped with a stirring device.

[0016] The environment maintenance device is connected to the controller and automatically adjusts its operating state according to the set parameters, and is used to provide stable temperature, humidity, and oscillation conditions for the cultivation process.

[0017] For a method for synergistic and efficient soil improvement by microorganisms and organisms as described above, it can further lie in that in step S1, the soil of the test plot is sampled to obtain a soil sample, which is obtained by dividing the test plot into multiple areas according to the checkerboard method, and sampling the soil layer within 20 cm deep in each area by the five-point sampling method and mixing them.

[0018] For a method for synergistic and efficient soil improvement by microorganisms and organisms as described above, it can further lie in that in step S2, the structure, physical and chemical properties of the soil sample are analyzed to determine the soil type, specifically:

[0019] Measure the particle size and organic matter content of the soil sample. If the average particle size is less than the average particle size threshold and the organic matter content is less than the organic matter content threshold, the soil type is severe; otherwise, it is mild.

[0020] A method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms as described above may further lie in that in step S3, separating microbial strains from soil samples includes:

[0021] After ion beam mutagenesis of the microbial strains in the soil samples, preliminary screening of the mutagenized strains is carried out using traditional plate screening, and high-throughput screening technology is used to screen the preliminarily screened strains. Microbial strains with a nitrogen fixation amount greater than the nitrogen fixation threshold, a phosphorus solubilization amount greater than the phosphorus solubilization threshold, or a growth hormone yield greater than the growth hormone yield threshold are separated.

[0022] In addition, the earthworm manure in step S5 has a neutral pH, a particle size greater than the preset particle size, and an organic matter content greater than the preset content.

[0023] The present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0024] After separating the strains derived from the soil to be improved, the present invention separately cultures them and then co-cultures them. According to requirements, the separately cultured strains or the mixed strains after co-culturing are paired with earthworm manure, and the ratio is adjusted to obtain a functional earthworm manure bio-fertilizer. During the improvement process, the type of earthworm manure organic fertilizer is selected according to the soil improvement situation, and hierarchical addition is realized to regulate the improvement effect. This improvement method is simple and easy to implement.

[0025] Based on the synergistic action mechanism of microorganisms and organisms, relying on an information-based experimental database and an intelligent strain culture system, the present invention establishes a rapid response chain from experiment to task formulation and then to production, and efficiently and pertinently implements soil improvement. When culturing strains, the integrated separate culture and co-culture are realized through the strain culture system. Among them, based on the single strain of separate culture, according to the set strain and addition amount, the sampling amount of the sampling device is automatically controlled, and the operation is automated and intelligent.

[0026] The earthworm manure bio-fertilizer of the present invention not only gives play to the synergistic effect of the strains and earthworm manure, improves soil quality and soil fertility, but also makes full use of and adapts to the local soil environment, realizing economic value while protecting the environment. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main improvement method flow of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0028] Example 1

[0029] The present invention provides a method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms. The basic route is to first analyze the structure, physical and chemical properties of soil samples to determine the soil type. After the separated strains are cultured separately, they are then cultured in combination. According to requirements, the strains cultured separately or the mixed strains after combined culture are combined with earthworm manure, and the ratio is regulated to obtain functional earthworm manure bio-fertilizer for soil improvement. In terms of software and hardware support, the present invention establishes an information-based soil information data platform and an intelligent strain culture system.

[0030] Specifically, the method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms of the present invention is as Figure 1 shown, and includes the following steps:

[0031] S1: Take samples of the soil in the test plot to obtain soil samples.

[0032] Specifically, according to the checkerboard method, the test plot is divided into multiple areas, and each area is sampled for the soil layer within 20 cm deep by the five-point sampling method and mixed to obtain.

[0033] The scientific sampling method is convenient for subsequent determination of soil type and strain screening, more reasonable, and then formulate a precise soil improvement strategy for the soil to be improved.

[0034] S2: Analyze the structure, physical and chemical properties of the soil samples to determine the soil type.

[0035] Specifically:

[0036] Measure the particle size and organic matter content of the soil samples. If the average particle size is less than the average particle size threshold and the organic matter content is less than the organic matter content threshold, the soil type is severe; otherwise it is mild.

[0037] For example, if the average particle size is less than the average particle size threshold, it indicates that the soil has poor air permeability and is prone to hardening, which affects crop growth. The lack of organic matter content reflects insufficient soil fertility.

[0038] If the soil type is ignored, the existing methods are only to blindly apply functional microbial inoculants or organic fertilizers, without considering the real soil environment of the crops, and do not fundamentally solve the problem from the soil source, which will affect the crop absorption capacity and even accelerate soil deterioration, making it difficult to meet the requirements and level of agricultural production.

[0039] The present invention starts from the soil type of the soil to be improved, formulates corresponding improvement strategies, improves soil fertility, and is suitable for cultivation.

[0040] S3: Isolate microbial strains from the soil samples, and inoculate the microbial strains with nitrogen fixation amount greater than the nitrogen fixation amount threshold, phosphorus solubilization amount greater than the phosphorus solubilization amount threshold or growth hormone production greater than the growth hormone production threshold into the primary culture containers respectively for separate culture.

[0041] The operations include:

[0042] including:

[0043] After subjecting the microbial strains in the soil sample to ion beam mutagenesis, the mutagenized strains are initially screened using traditional plate screening, and the initially screened strains are screened using high-throughput screening technology. Microbial strains with a nitrogen fixation amount greater than the nitrogen fixation amount threshold, a phosphorus solubilization amount greater than the phosphorus solubilization amount threshold, or a growth hormone production amount greater than the growth hormone production amount threshold are isolated.

[0044] Considering the diversity and complexity of the microbial environment, if other functional strains are directly introduced, it may have an antagonistic effect on other microorganisms, thereby affecting the balance of the local soil internal microenvironment. According to the actual situation of the local soil, the present invention selects strains according to local conditions and maximizes their utilization.

[0045] Due to the establishment of an information-based soil information data platform, the basic soil information of the target improved land (including the name / code of the improvement task, the improvement area, the improvement technical requirements, etc.), the soil type analysis data obtained in step S2, and the cultured strain information in step S3 are all uploaded to the soil information data platform. The intelligent strain culture system can communicate with the soil information data platform, obtain the above basic information from the soil information data platform, and accordingly update the primary culture strain library and generate a secondary culture plan in the next stage.

[0046] S4: Based on the soil type, determine the required strains and the addition amounts. According to the set strains and addition amounts, the controller controls the sampling device to sample from the primary culture container in S3, and inoculates the various strains taken out into the secondary culture container for mixed culture.

[0047] In the strain culture of the present invention, the integration of separate culture and mixed culture is realized, making the actual operation automated and intelligent. Specifically:

[0048] The separate culture in step S3 or the mixed culture in step S4 is realized through a strain culture system. The strain culture system includes an independent culture module, an automatic metering and mixing module, a controller, and a culture environment maintenance device. The automatic metering and mixing module is used to automatically control the sampling amount of the sampling device according to the set strains and addition amounts, place each single strain taken out from the primary culture container into the secondary culture container, and mix and culture them evenly.

[0049] For example, when a single strain grows to an appropriate stage (such as the late logarithmic growth phase) in its respective culture stage, the corresponding volume or quantity of the culture solution or bacterial suspension of each single strain is accurately aspirated according to the set ratio through a sterile pipetting device or other similar metering devices.

[0050] The independent culture module is composed of multiple independent primary culture containers, and each primary culture container is equipped with an independent temperature, humidity, and ventilation control system.

[0051] The controller is used to monitor the operating states of the primary culture containers, secondary culture containers, and sampling devices in real time according to the set culture conditions of each single strain or mixed strains, the sampled strains and their addition amounts, and the mixing time, and automatically control the operation of relevant equipment according to the set parameters.

[0052] Among them, the primary culture container or secondary culture container is made of transparent glass or plastic, which is convenient for observing the growth of strains; the secondary culture container is equipped with a stirring device to ensure sufficient mixing of the strains and facilitate subsequent mixed culture.

[0053] The environment maintenance equipment, such as a constant temperature incubator, a humidity regulator, a shaker, etc., is connected to the controller and automatically adjusts its operating state according to the set parameters, and is used to provide stable temperature, humidity, and oscillation conditions for the culture process.

[0054] In the actual operation process, after setting various parameters (culture temperature, culture humidity, ventilation volume, sampling volume, mixing time, etc.), the controller controls the operation of each device and records it to ensure the convenient culture of strains.

[0055] Since the intelligent strain culture system communicates with the soil information data platform in real time, it can automatically obtain the soil basic information of the target improved land, including the improvement task name / code, improvement area, improvement technical requirements, etc., from the soil information data platform. The soil information data platform has also collected the soil type analysis data obtained in step S2 and the culture strain information in step S3. Therefore, the primary culture strain library of the strain culture base is a process of continuous updating and improvement according to the soil improvement tasks. After running for a period of time, it has been able to screen out the strains frequently used in production operations and carry out large-scale cultivation, and continuously update (replace or supplement) the cultivated strains. Therefore, in many cases, the present invention can achieve the following rapid response: when the soil information data platform receives a new soil improvement task, the soil improvement plan can be matched through the historical data of the soil information data platform, and when generating the secondary culture plan in step S4 according to the new soil improvement plan, the secondary culture can be directly started based on the strains being cultured in the primary culture strain library.

[0056] S5: Mix the mixed strains after the end of the mixed culture in S4 or the single strain after the end of the single culture in S3 with vermicompost to improve the soil.

[0057] Among them, the earthworm cast has a neutral pH, a particle size larger than a preset particle size, and an organic matter content greater than a preset content. Preferably, the earthworm cast has the characteristics of an aggregate structure, good air permeability, and is rich in various organic matters, and is suitable for soil remediation.

[0058] After separating the strains derived from the soil to be improved in the present invention, they are cultured separately and then mixed. According to the needs, the strains after separate culture or the mixed strains after mixed culture are combined with the earthworm cast, and the ratio is adjusted to obtain a functional earthworm cast bio-fertilizer. During the improvement process, the type of earthworm cast organic fertilizer is selected according to the soil improvement situation, and hierarchical addition is implemented to control the improvement effect. This improvement method is simple and easy to implement. In particular, by establishing an information-based soil information data platform and an intelligent strain culture system in the present invention, not only can a soil improvement plan be quickly obtained with the help of rich historical data, but also the pre-industrialization culture of strains becomes possible, which greatly shortens the response cycle of the entire process and provides conditions for expanding the soil improvement method of the present invention on a larger area and to a greater extent.

[0059] The earthworm cast bio-fertilizer of the present invention not only exerts the synergistic effect of the strains and the earthworm cast to improve the soil quality and increase the soil fertility, but also makes full use of and adapts to the local soil environment, realizing economic value while protecting the environment.

[0060] It should be noted that although the present invention is based on a soil improvement plan that synergizes microorganisms and earthworm cast, for those skilled in the art, simply replacing the earthworm cast with other animal waste fertilizers should be regarded as an equivalent solution to the present invention and is within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms, characterized in that It includes the following steps: S1: Sampling the soil of the test plot to obtain soil samples; S2: Analyzing the structure, physical and chemical properties of the soil samples to determine the soil type; S3: Isolating microbial strains from the soil samples, and inoculating the microbial strains with nitrogen fixation amount greater than the nitrogen fixation amount threshold, phosphorus solubilization amount greater than the phosphorus solubilization amount threshold, or growth hormone yield greater than the growth hormone yield threshold into the primary culture containers respectively for separate culture; S4: Based on the soil type, determining the required strains and addition amounts. According to the set strains and addition amounts, the controller controls the sampling device to sample from the primary culture containers in S3, and inoculates the taken multiple strains into the secondary culture containers for mixed culture; S5: Mixing the mixed strains after the end of the mixed culture in S4 with vermicompost, or mixing the single strain after the end of the separate culture in S3 with vermicompost to improve the soil; The separate culture in step S3 or the mixed culture in step S4 is realized through a strain culture system. The strain culture system includes an independent culture module, an automatic metering and mixing module, a controller, and a culture environment maintenance device. The automatic metering and mixing module is used to automatically control the sampling amount of the sampling device according to the set strains and addition amounts, place each single strain taken out from the primary culture containers into the secondary culture containers, and mix and culture them evenly.

2. The microbial and biological collaborative and highly efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, wherein The strain culture system communicates with the soil information data platform, obtains the soil basic information and soil experiment data from the soil information data platform, updates the primary culture strain library according to the obtained soil basic information and soil experiment data, and generates a secondary culture plan.

3. The microbial and biological collaborative and highly efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, characterized in that The independent culture module consists of multiple independent primary culture containers, and each primary culture container is equipped with an independent temperature, humidity, and ventilation control system.

4. The microbial and biological synergistic and efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, wherein The controller is used to monitor the operating states of the primary culture containers, secondary culture containers, and sampling device in real time according to the set culture conditions, sampling strains and addition amounts, and mixing time of each single strain or mixed strains, and automatically control the operation of relevant equipment according to the set parameters.

5. The microbial and biological synergistic and highly efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, wherein, The environment maintenance device is connected to the controller and automatically adjusts its operating state according to the set parameters, and is used to provide stable temperature, humidity, and oscillation conditions for the culture process.

6. The microbial and biological collaborative and highly efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, characterized in that The primary culture container or secondary culture container is made of transparent glass or plastic; the secondary culture container is equipped with a stirring device.

7. The microbial and biological collaborative and highly efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, for analyzing the structure, physical and chemical properties of the soil samples to determine the soil type, specifically: Measuring the particle size and organic matter content of the soil samples. If the average particle size is less than the average particle size threshold and the organic matter content is less than the organic matter content threshold, the soil type is severe; otherwise, it is mild.

8. The microbial and biological synergistic and highly efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, isolating microbial strains from the soil samples includes: After ion beam mutagenesis of the microbial strains in the soil samples, using traditional plate screening to preliminarily screen the mutagenized strains, and using high-throughput screening technology to screen the preliminarily screened strains, and isolating the microbial strains with nitrogen fixation amount greater than the nitrogen fixation amount threshold, phosphorus solubilization amount greater than the phosphorus solubilization amount threshold, or growth hormone yield greater than the growth hormone yield threshold.

9. The microbial and biological collaborative and highly efficient soil improvement method according to claim 1, characterized in that The earthworm cast in step S5 has a neutral pH, a particle size larger than a preset particle size, and an organic matter content greater than a preset content.

10. The method for synergistically and efficiently improving soil by microorganisms and organisms according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S1, the soil of the test plot is sampled to obtain a soil sample, which is obtained by dividing the test plot into multiple zones according to the checkerboard method, and sampling the soil layer within 20 cm deep in each zone using the five-point sampling method and mixing them.

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