Automatic continuous device for preparing biochar from hermetia illucens pupa shells

Abstract

The invention mainly relates to an automatic continuous device for preparing biochar from hermetia illucens pupa shells, which is used for carbonizing dried hermetia illucens pupa shells and comprises a continuous carbonization device, a combustion device, a nitrogen supply device, a combustion-supporting device and an electric control device. According to the invention, the dry hermetia illucens pupae shells in the continuous carbonization device are continuously heated through heat flow, so that the dry hermetia illucens pupae shells are heated and smoldered in an anaerobic state, and finally are subjected to thermal cracking to obtain the biochar, so that the dry hermetia illucens pupae shells can be continuously subjected to thermal cracking to obtain the biochar, and tar is not generated in the process; the problem of pipeline blockage is avoided, the productivity of the biochar can be greatly improved, and meanwhile, the maintenance and repair cost of equipment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a device for preparing biochar from black soldier fly pupal cases and an automated continuous device, particularly a continuous carbonization device for continuously carbonizing and drying black soldier fly pupal cases to obtain a biochar preparation device for biochar. Background Art

[0002] For example, in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN218146493U, "A Biochar Preparation Device", this creation discloses a biochar preparation device, including a crushing device, a feeding device installed below the crushing device, and a pyrolysis furnace at the end of the feeding device. This creation cuts and crushes the material in different directions by setting blades that rotate horizontally and vertically, and realizes repeated cutting of materials larger than the preset particle size through an arc-shaped filter screen, thereby ensuring that the material particles for carbonization meet the requirements and improving the carbonization effect. In addition, automatic feeding and discharging of the carbonization furnace are also realized.

[0003] Another Chinese Patent Publication No. CN103788974A, "A Continuous Biochar Production Equipment and Method", this creation discloses a continuous biochar production equipment and method, which can solve the problem that tar is easy to block the pipeline during the pyrolysis process of biomass, and recycle the pyrolysis oil and syngas generated during the pyrolysis process into the stove for heating and combustion, that is, solve the energy problem during the carbonization process, and can realize the continuous batch production of biochar under slow heating conditions for biomass.

[0004] However, the continuous biochar production and the structure of the biochar preparation device in the above-mentioned previous cases are complex, and the tar generated during the pyrolysis process in the above-mentioned previous cases is prone to block the pipeline after long-term operation. Due to the complex structure, the maintenance cost is relatively high when the equipment fails, and the equipment maintenance cost is also relatively high. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the inventor of the present invention proposes a device for preparing biochar from black soldier fly pupal cases and an automated continuous device for carbonizing the dried black soldier fly pupal cases, aiming to continuously pyrolyze the dried black soldier fly pupal cases into biochar, and no tar will be generated during the process, avoiding the problem of pipeline blockage, which can greatly improve the production capacity of biochar and reduce the equipment maintenance and repair costs at the same time.

[0006] The present invention includes: a continuous carbonization device having a heating chamber and a carbonization chamber. The heating chamber has a heating space, and the carbonization chamber has a carbonization space. The heating chamber surrounds the carbonization chamber. The heating chamber is provided with a smoke exhaust port and an opening. The heating space communicates with the outside through the smoke exhaust port. The carbonization chamber has a feed port and a discharge port. The carbonization space communicates with the outside through the feed port and the discharge port. A spiral push rod is installed in the carbonization chamber. The spiral push rod defines a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to a motor. The spiral push rod is driven by the motor to rotate. The second end is located at the discharge port. When the spiral push rod is driven by the motor to rotate, the spiral push rod spirally drives from the first end to the second end. A combustion device is connected to the continuous carbonization device. The combustion device has a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber has a combustion space. The combustion space is connected to the heating space through the opening. A combustible material is accommodated in the combustion space. The combustible material generates a heat flow by combustion. The heat flow flows through the opening into the heating space and leaves the heating space through the smoke exhaust port. Thus, the carbonization chamber is continuously heated by the heat flow. A nitrogen supply device is connected to the carbonization chamber. The nitrogen supply device supplies nitrogen to the carbonization space. An auxiliary combustion device is connected to the combustion device. The auxiliary combustion device supplies combustion-supporting gas to the combustion space to assist the combustion of the combustible material. An electric control device is signal-connected to the motor, the combustion device, the nitrogen supply device, and the auxiliary combustion device. The electric control device sends signals to control the operation of the motor, the combustion device, the nitrogen supply device, and the auxiliary combustion device. The dried black soldier fly pupa shells enter the carbonization space through the feed port. The dried black soldier fly pupa shells are heated and smoldered in an anaerobic state in the carbonization space. The spiral push rod stirs and pushes the dried black soldier fly pupa shells, causing the dried black soldier fly pupa shells to thermally crack into a biochar. The biochar is pushed by the spiral push rod to the discharge port.

[0007] Further, the feed port is a tapered port with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part.

[0008] Further, the discharge port has a discharge valve.

[0009] Further, the discharge valve is connected to the electric control device. The electric control device sends signals to control the operation of the discharge valve.

[0010] Further, the auxiliary combustion device is a blower. The combustion-supporting gas includes oxygen, fluorine, or chlorine.

[0011] Further, the temperature at which the dried black soldier fly pupa shells are heated and smoldered in the carbonization space is between 199°C and 799°C.

[0012] According to the above technical features, the following effects can be achieved: 1. The present invention indirectly heats and dries the black soldier fly pupal cases with heat flow, allowing the dried black soldier fly pupal cases to be heated and smoldered in an anaerobic state, so that the dried black soldier fly pupal cases are continuously pyrolyzed into biochar. No tar is produced during the pyrolysis of the dried black soldier fly pupal cases, so there is no problem of pipeline blockage. This can significantly increase the production capacity of biochar and reduce the maintenance and repair costs of equipment at the same time.

[0013] 2. The present invention reuses biological wastes such as dried black soldier fly pupal cases. The biochar produced helps to improve the soil and increase crop yields. By utilizing the characteristics of biochar in the soil to retain water, breathe, retain fertilizers, fix carbon, and promote microbial activities, it reduces farmers' dependence on chemical fertilizers and pesticides and enhances environmental awareness. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic view showing the signal connection of the electric control device in an embodiment of the present invention to a motor, a nitrogen supply device, a combustion assisting device, and a discharge valve.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic view showing that in an embodiment of the present invention, the dried black soldier fly pupal cases are continuously pyrolyzed into biochar by heat flow, and the biochar is collected by a collection bucket.

[0017] Explanation of the Reference Numerals in the Drawings: 1 continuous carbonization device; 11 heating chamber; 111 heating space; 112 smoke exhaust port; 113 opening; 12 carbonization chamber; 121 carbonization space; 122 feed inlet; 123 discharge outlet; 124 discharge valve; 13 screw push rod; 131 first end; 132 second end; 14 motor; 2 combustion device; 21 combustion chamber; 211 combustion space; 3 nitrogen supply device; 4 combustion assisting device; 5 electric control device; A combustible; B dried black soldier fly pupal cases; C biochar; D collection bucket. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0018] Combining the above technical features, the main effects of the device for preparing biochar from black soldier fly pupal cases and the automatic continuous type of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following embodiments.

[0019] First, please refer to Figure 1 , and describe the structure of an embodiment of the present invention, including main components such as a continuous carbonization device 1, a combustion device 2, a nitrogen supply device 3, a combustion assisting device 4, and an electric control device 5.

[0020] The continuous carbonization device 1 is used to carry out the carbonization reaction. It is made of steel plates and is internally provided with refractory materials to prevent the continuous carbonization device 1 from being damaged. The continuous carbonization device 1 has a heating chamber 11 and a carbonization chamber 12. The heating chamber 11 surrounds the carbonization chamber 12. The heating chamber 11 is used to heat the carbonization chamber 12 and has a heating space 111 inside, while the carbonization chamber 12 has a carbonization space 121 inside. A smoke exhaust port 112 is provided above the heating chamber 11. The smoke exhaust port 112 in this embodiment presents the form of a chimney. An opening 113 is provided below the heating chamber 11, and the heating space 111 communicates with the outside through the smoke exhaust port 112. The carbonization chamber 12 is used to carry out the carbonization reaction. It has a feed port 122 above and a discharge port 123 on the side. The feed port 122 is a tapered port that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom, and a discharge valve 124 is provided at the discharge port 123. The carbonization space 121 communicates with the outside through the feed port 122 and the discharge port 123. The carbonization chamber 12 is also equipped with a spiral push rod 13. The spiral push rod 13 defines a first end 131 and a second end 132. The first end 131 is connected to a motor 14, and the second end 132 is located at the discharge port 123. Driving the motor 14 can make the spiral push rod 13 rotate. When the spiral push rod 13 rotates driven by the motor 14, the spiral push rod 13 is spirally driven from the first end 131 to the second end 132.

[0021] The combustion device 2 is used to generate a heat flow to heat the carbonization chamber 12. The combustion device 2 is also made of steel plates and is internally provided with refractory materials to prevent the combustion device 2 from being damaged. The combustion device 2 is connected to the continuous carbonization device 1. The combustion device 2 is provided with a combustion chamber 21. The combustion chamber 21 has a combustion space 211. The combustion space 211 is connected to the heating space 111 through the opening 113. A combustible substance A is accommodated in the combustion space 211. When the combustible substance A burns, it will generate a heat flow. The heat flow flows through the opening 113 to the heating space 111, thereby continuously heating the carbonization chamber 12. Finally, the heat flow will leave the heating space 111 from the smoke exhaust port 112.

[0022] The nitrogen supply device 3 is used to supply nitrogen to the carbonization space 121 to prevent excessive oxygen in the carbonization space 121 and avoid generating harmful substances during the pyrolysis process.

[0023] The combustion assisting device 4 is used to help the combustible substance A burn continuously to generate a greater heat flow. The combustion assisting device 4 is connected to the combustion device 2. The combustion assisting device 4 supplies a combustion assisting gas to the combustion space 211. The combustion assisting device 4 in this embodiment is a blower, and the combustion assisting gas is taken as oxygen as an example, but it is not limited to this in actual use. For example, the combustion assisting gas can include oxygen, fluorine, or chlorine, and it also has the effect of assisting combustion.

[0024] The electronic control device 5 is used to control the operation of the motor 14, the combustion device 2, the nitrogen supply device 3, the combustion-supporting device 4, and the discharge valve 124. The electronic control device 5 is signal-connected to the motor 14, the nitrogen supply device 3, the combustion-supporting device 4, and the discharge valve 124. Thus, the operation of the motor 14, the nitrogen supply device 3, the combustion-supporting device 4, and the discharge valve 124 can be remotely controlled through the electronic control device 5.

[0025] Continue to refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , which describes the process of continuously carbonizing the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B in the embodiments of the present invention. First, collect the pupal shells shed after the emergence of black soldier fly adults, crush the black soldier fly pupal shells through a 60- to 180-mesh sieve, and dry them to a moisture content of less than 10%, thus obtaining the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B.

[0026] Next, put the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B into the carbonization space 121 through the feed port 122, and operate the electronic control device 5 to start the motor 14, the combustion device 2, the nitrogen supply device 3, and the combustion-supporting device 4. The motor 14 will drive the spiral push rod 13 to rotate. The heat received by the carbonization space 121 is provided by the combustion device 2. In the combustion device 2, the combustible A in the combustion space 211 is supplied with oxygen and supported for combustion by the combustion-supporting device 4 (blower), so that the combustible A generates a heat flow. The heat flow will pass through the heating space 111 to heat the carbonization chamber 12 and be discharged from the smoke outlet 112. The heat flow can keep the temperature of the carbonization space 121 at 199°C to 799°C. The dried black soldier fly pupal shells B will be heated and smoldered in the carbonization space 121 in an anaerobic state. At this time, the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B will be stirred by the spiral push rod 13. During the process, the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B will thermally decompose into biochar C. During the process of the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B thermally decomposing into biochar C, the rotating spiral push rod 13 will push the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B towards the discharge port 123, but at this time the discharge valve 124 is in a closed state, so the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B will not flow out from the discharge port 123. When the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B are completely transformed into biochar C, the discharge valve 124 can be opened through the electronic control device 5. The biochar C will be pushed out from the discharge port 123 by the spiral push rod 13 and fall into the collection bucket D, thus completing the collection of biochar C. It is worth mentioning that the difference in the heating and smoldering temperature will cause the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B to thermally decompose into biochar C suitable for different application fields. The biochar C materials obtained by thermally decomposing the dried black soldier fly pupal shells B at different smoldering temperatures have different application occasions, such as biochar C suitable for the energy storage field and the energy conversion field, or biochar C suitable for use as supercapacitor and anode materials.

[0027] Based on the descriptions of the above embodiments, the operation, use, and effects of the present invention can be fully understood. The above embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of implementation of the present invention cannot be limited thereby. That is, simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of the present invention and the content of the invention description all fall within the scope covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for preparing biochar from black soldier fly pupa shells and an automated continuous device, which is used for drying black soldier fly pupa shells for carbonization, is characterized in that, Comprising: A continuous carbonization device having a heating chamber and a carbonization chamber. The heating chamber has a heating space, and the carbonization chamber has a carbonization space. The heating chamber surrounds the carbonization chamber. The heating chamber is provided with a smoke exhaust port and an opening. The heating space communicates with the outside through the smoke exhaust port. The carbonization chamber has a feed port and a discharge port. The carbonization space communicates with the outside through the feed port and the discharge port. A spiral push rod is installed in the carbonization chamber. The spiral push rod defines a first end and a second end. The first end is connected to a motor. The spiral push rod is driven by the motor to rotate. The second end is located at the discharge port. When the spiral push rod is driven by the motor to rotate, the spiral push rod spirally drives from the first end to the second end; A combustion device connected to the continuous carbonization device. The combustion device has a combustion chamber. The combustion chamber has a combustion space. The combustion space is connected to the heating space through the opening. A combustible material is accommodated in the combustion space. The combustible material generates a heat flow by combustion. The heat flow flows through the opening to the heating space and leaves the heating space through the smoke exhaust port. Thus, the carbonization chamber is continuously heated by the heat flow; A nitrogen supply device connected to the carbonization chamber. The nitrogen supply device supplies nitrogen to the carbonization space; An auxiliary combustion device connected to the combustion device. The auxiliary combustion device supplies combustion-supporting gas to the combustion space to assist the combustible material in burning; An electric control device is signal-connected to the motor, the combustion device, the nitrogen supply device and the auxiliary combustion device. The electric control device sends signals to control the operations of the motor, the combustion device, the nitrogen supply device and the auxiliary combustion device; The dried black soldier fly pupa shells enter the carbonization space through the feed port. The dried black soldier fly pupa shells are heated and smoldered in an anaerobic state in the carbonization space, and the dried black soldier fly pupa shells are stirred and pushed by the spiral push rod, so that the dried black soldier fly pupa shells are pyrolyzed into a biochar, and the biochar is pushed by the spiral push rod to the discharge port.

2. The device for preparing biochar from black soldier fly pupal cases and the automated continuous device according to claim 1, wherein The feed port is a tapered port with a wider upper part and a narrower lower part.

3. The device for preparing biochar and automated continuous type from black soldier fly pupal cases according to claim 1, wherein The discharge port has a discharge valve.

4. The device for preparing biochar from black soldier fly pupal cases and the automated continuous device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The discharge valve is connected to the electric control device. The electric control device sends signals to control the operation of the discharge valve.

5. The device for preparing biochar from black soldier fly pupal cases and the automated continuous device according to claim 1, wherein The auxiliary combustion device is a blower, and the combustion-supporting gas includes oxygen, fluorine or chlorine.

6. The biochar preparation and automated continuous device from black soldier fly pupal cases according to claim 1, wherein, The temperature at which the dried black soldier fly pupa shells are heated and smoldered in the carbonization space is between 199 °C and 799 °C.

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