Lignite dry distillation upgrading system and upgrading process thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a lignite dry distillation upgrading system and an upgrading process thereof, and the upgrading system comprises a first conveying line used for conveying lignite; a first temperature control system is arranged in the first fluidized bed furnace and used for setting the working temperature of the first fluidized bed furnace, providing a high-temperature heat source and removing water outside lignite; the second conveying line is used for conveying the lignite from which the external water is removed; the dry distillation furnace is used for pyrolyzing the lignite without the external water and removing the water in the lignite; a temperature control system II is arranged in the second fluidized bed furnace and is used for setting the working temperature of the dry distillation furnace; the interior of the dry distillation furnace is in a vacuum state; water outside the lignite is removed through the first fluidized bed furnace, water in the lignite is removed through the dry distillation furnace with the vacuum interior, and the quality of the lignite is remarkably improved and energy consumption is reduced by accurately controlling the removal temperature of the outer water and the inner water and the treatment environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lignite purification, and particularly to a lignite dry distillation upgrading system and its upgrading process. Background Art

[0002] As an important fossil energy, lignite is widely distributed globally. Especially in China, its reserves are abundant, accounting for about 60% of the global total reserves. However, the quality of lignite is generally low, containing a large amount of moisture and impurities, which not only reduces its combustion efficiency but also increases the costs of transportation and storage. Therefore, upgrading lignite to remove moisture and impurities and improve its calorific value and utilization efficiency has important economic and environmental significance.

[0003] The moisture in lignite is mainly divided into two parts: external moisture and internal moisture. The external moisture is relatively easy to remove, while the removal of internal moisture is more difficult. Traditional lignite upgrading methods often fail to effectively remove internal moisture, resulting in poor upgrading effects.

[0004] Defects of the Existing Technology

[0005] Incomplete removal of external moisture: Traditional methods often use relatively low temperatures in the external moisture removal stage, resulting in incomplete removal of external moisture, which affects subsequent internal moisture removal and upgrading effects.

[0006] Difficult removal of internal moisture: Due to the complexity of the internal structure of lignite, it is difficult to effectively remove internal moisture by conventional methods, resulting in limited increase in the calorific value of upgraded lignite.

[0007] High energy consumption and large pollution: Some upgrading methods have high energy consumption during the treatment process and are prone to generating harmful gases and waste water, causing pollution to the environment.

[0008] Lack of systematicness and automation: Traditional upgrading methods often lack systematicness and automation, resulting in complex operations and low efficiency.

[0009] Therefore, a lignite dry distillation upgrading system and its upgrading process are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0010] In view of this, embodiments of the present invention hope to provide a lignite dry distillation upgrading system and its upgrading process to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art, and at least provide a beneficial option.

[0011] The technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention is implemented as follows:

[0012] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a lignite dry distillation upgrading system, including:

[0013] A first conveying route for conveying lignite;

[0014] The first fluidized bed furnace is internally provided with a temperature control system 1 for setting the working temperature of the first fluidized bed furnace, providing a high-temperature heat source, and removing the external water of lignite.

[0015] The second conveying route is used to convey the lignite after removing the external water.

[0016] The retort furnace is used to pyrolyze the lignite after removing the external water and remove the internal water of the lignite.

[0017] The second fluidized bed furnace is internally provided with a temperature control system 2 for setting the working temperature of the retort furnace.

[0018] The inside of the retort furnace is in a vacuum state.

[0019] In some embodiments, it further includes:

[0020] The feeding bin is used to convey lignite into the first conveying route.

[0021] The finished product bin is used to store the upgraded good-quality coal.

[0022] In some embodiments, it further includes:

[0023] The first cyclone dust collector is used to remove the dust particles in the flue gas during the operation of the first fluidized bed furnace.

[0024] The spray tower is used for desulfurization and dust removal, and at the same time removes the dust particles in the flue gas.

[0025] In some embodiments, the flue gas discharge pipeline of the retort furnace is connected to the spray tower through the carbonization furnace tail gas fan.

[0026] In some embodiments, the outlet pipeline of the first cyclone dust collector is connected to the inlet pipeline of the spray tower through the tail gas fan.

[0027] In some embodiments, it further includes a second cyclone dust collector for removing the dust particles in the flue gas during the operation of the retort tower, and the outlet pipeline of the second cyclone dust collector is connected to the second fluidized bed furnace through the gas blower.

[0028] Second, the present invention also provides a lignite retorting and upgrading process, including the following steps:

[0029] S1. Adopt the loose selection method to remove the impurities in the lignite.

[0030] S2. Convey the lignite to the first fluidized bed furnace through the first conveying route, and set the working temperature in the first fluidized bed furnace through the temperature control system 1. The working temperature in the first fluidized bed furnace is 350 - 550 °C, and the working time is 20 - 30 min. After removing the external water of the lignite in an aerobic environment, enter the next step.

[0031] S3. Convey the lignite after removing external water into the retort furnace through the second conveying route, and set the working temperature in the retort furnace through the temperature control system two in the second fluidized bed furnace. The working temperature in the retort furnace is 280 - 300 °C, and the working time is 20 - 30 min. Remove the internal water in the lignite in an oxygen-free environment.

[0032] S4. Cool to obtain good-quality coal and store it in the finished product bin.

[0033] In some embodiments, it further includes:

[0034] The flue gas generated during the removal of external and internal water from lignite is purified by the first cyclone dust collector, the second cyclone dust collector, and the spray tower.

[0035] Due to the adoption of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, it has the following advantages:

[0036] The present invention removes the external water of lignite by using the first fluidized bed furnace and removes the internal water of lignite by using the retort furnace with internal vacuum. By precisely controlling the removal temperature of external and internal water and the treatment environment, the quality of lignite is significantly improved and the energy consumption is reduced.

[0037] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the above-described illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0039] Figure 1 It is the system module diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0040] In the following, only some exemplary embodiments are simply described. As those skilled in the art can recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the drawings and the description are considered to be exemplary in nature rather than restrictive.

[0041] It should be noted that terms such as "first", "second", "symmetric", "array", etc. are only used for the purpose of distinguishing descriptions and position descriptions, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, those defined with features such as "first", "symmetric", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features; similarly, when there is no numerical limitation on certain features in the form of words such as "two", "three", etc., it should be noted that such features also explicitly or implicitly include one or more feature quantities;

[0042] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, terms such as "installed", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense; for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integrally formed one; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, a welding connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components or the interaction relationship between two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in combination with the drawings of the specification and specific circumstances.

[0043] Embodiment 1

[0044] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

[0045] As Figure 1 shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a lignite dry distillation and upgrading system, including:

[0046] The first conveying route 2, which is used for conveying lignite;

[0047] The first fluidized bed furnace 3, with a temperature control system I installed inside, which is used to set the working temperature of the first fluidized bed furnace 3, provide a high-temperature heat source, and remove the external water of lignite;

[0048] The second conveying route 8, which is used for conveying the lignite after removing the external water;

[0049] The dry distillation furnace 13, which is used for pyrolyzing the lignite after removing the external water and removing the internal water of lignite;

[0050] The second fluidized bed furnace 12, with a temperature control system II installed inside, which is used to set the working temperature of the dry distillation furnace 13;

[0051] The inside of the dry distillation furnace 13 is in a vacuum state;

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the working temperature is precisely controlled through the first temperature control system, providing a high-temperature heat source environment for lignite. This step effectively removes the external water on the surface of lignite, laying a foundation for subsequent treatment. Further treatment in the retort furnace 13: After removing the external water, the lignite enters the retort furnace through the second conveying route 8 and is further pyrolyzed at high temperature to remove the internal water of the lignite. This step-by-step treatment ensures the comprehensive removal of water and improves the upgrading efficiency of lignite.

[0053] A first temperature control system and a second temperature control system are respectively arranged inside the first fluidized bed furnace 3 and the second fluidized bed furnace 12, which can precisely set and control the working temperature, ensuring the stability and consistency during the treatment process and avoiding poor upgrading effects caused by temperature fluctuations.

[0054] Both the first temperature control system and the second temperature control system include:

[0055] Temperature sensors: Installed at the outlet of the flue gas desulfurization tower and inside the furnace chamber of the fluidized bed furnace, used to monitor the furnace temperature in real time.

[0056] Pressure transmitters: Installed at positions such as the blower air box, used to monitor the furnace pressure.

[0057] Controllers: Receive signals from temperature sensors and pressure transmitters, and process these data to control actuators such as coal feeders and blowers.

[0058] Actuators: Include coal feeders, blowers, return air dampers, and induced draft fans, and adjust operation parameters according to the instructions of the controller to affect the furnace temperature and pressure.

[0059] In this embodiment, specifically: It also includes:

[0060] The feeding bin 1, used to convey lignite into the first conveying route 2;

[0061] The finished product bin 15, used to store the upgraded good-quality coal.

[0062] In this embodiment, specifically: It also includes:

[0063] The first cyclone dust collector 7, used to remove dust particles in the flue gas during the operation of the first fluidized bed furnace 3;

[0064] The spray tower 5, used for desulfurization and dust removal, and simultaneously removing dust particles in the flue gas;

[0065] By cooperating with the first cyclone dust collector 7 and the spray tower 5, the tail gas can be further purified.

[0066] In this embodiment, specifically: The flue gas exhaust pipeline of the retort furnace 13 is connected to the spray tower 5 through the carbonization furnace tail gas fan 4. By using one spray tower 5, the purification of the flue gas during the removal of internal and external water can be completed, achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0067] In this embodiment, specifically: The outlet pipe of the first cyclone dust collector 7 is communicated with the inlet pipe of the spray tower 5 through the tail gas fan 6.

[0068] In this embodiment, specifically: It further includes a second cyclone dust collector 9 for removing dust particles in the flue gas during the operation of the dry distillation tower 13, and the outlet pipe of the second cyclone dust collector 9 is communicated with the second fluidized bed furnace 12 through the gas induced draft fan 11.

[0069] Second, the present invention also provides a lignite dry distillation upgrading process, including the following steps:

[0070] S1. Adopt the loose selection method to remove impurities in the lignite;

[0071] S2. Convey the lignite to the first fluidized bed furnace 3 through the first conveying route 2, and set the working temperature in the first fluidized bed furnace 3 through the temperature control system one. The working temperature in the first fluidized bed furnace 3 is 350 - 550 °C, and the working time is 20 - 30 min. Remove the external water in the lignite in an aerobic environment and then enter the next step;

[0072] S3. Convey the lignite after removing the external water into the dry distillation furnace 13 through the second conveying route 8, and set the working temperature in the dry distillation furnace 13 through the temperature control system two in the second fluidized bed furnace 12. The working temperature in the dry distillation furnace 13 is 280 - 300 °C, and the working time is 20 - 30 min. Remove the internal water in the lignite in an anaerobic environment;

[0073] S4. Cool to obtain good-quality coal and store it in the finished product bin 15.

[0074] In this embodiment, specifically: It further includes:

[0075] The flue gas generated during the removal of the external water and internal water of the lignite is purified by the first cyclone dust collector 7, the second cyclone dust collector 9 and the spray tower 5.

[0076] In this embodiment, the upgrading system and upgrading process of the present invention can also be used to upgrade long-flame coal.

[0077] Embodiment 2

[0078] Lignite pretreatment: Feed the raw lignite into the pretreatment device through the conveying equipment, and the internal temperature of the device is set to 350 °C. At this temperature, the external water on the surface of the lignite begins to evaporate, and at the same time, part of the water inside the lignite also begins to migrate outward. Through a period of preheating treatment, most of the external water is removed, and the water content of the lignite is significantly reduced.

[0079] Aerobic removal of external water: The preheated lignite enters the aerobic external water removal device, and the internal temperature of this device is maintained between 350 - 550 °C, preferably 400 - 500 °C. Within this temperature range, the remaining external water on the surface of the lignite continues to evaporate, and at the same time, the organic substances on the surface of the lignite begin to be partially oxidized, releasing heat and further promoting the evaporation of water. Through this step, the external water on the surface of the lignite is basically removed.

[0080] Anaerobic removal of internal water: The lignite after aerobic external water treatment enters the anaerobic internal water removal device, and the internal temperature of this device is set at 280 °C. In this anaerobic environment, the water inside the lignite begins to evaporate and escape, and at the same time, the organic matter inside the lignite undergoes a pyrolysis reaction to produce valuable products such as semi-coke and coal tar. Through this step, the water inside the lignite is effectively removed, and the calorific value is significantly increased.

[0081] Product collection and storage: The upgraded lignite (i.e., good-quality coal) is sent into the collection device for storage through a conveying device. At the same time, by-products such as semi-coke and coal tar generated during the anaerobic internal water removal process can also be collected and utilized.

[0082] When the present invention is in operation: By precisely controlling the removal temperature of external water and internal water and the treatment environment, a significant improvement in the quality of lignite and a reduction in energy consumption are achieved.

[0083] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claimed rights.

Claims

1. A lignite dry distillation and upgrading system, characterized in that, Including: The first conveying route (2) for conveying lignite; The first fluidized bed furnace (3) with a temperature control system I inside, used to set the working temperature of the first fluidized bed furnace (3), provide a high-temperature heat source, and remove the external moisture of lignite; The second conveying route (8) for conveying the lignite after removing the external moisture; The retort furnace (13) for pyrolyzing the lignite after removing the external moisture and removing the internal moisture of lignite; The second fluidized bed furnace (12) with a temperature control system II inside, used to set the working temperature of the retort furnace (13); The inside of the retort furnace (13) is in a vacuum state.

2. The lignite dry distillation and upgrading system according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes: The feeding bin (1) for conveying lignite into the first conveying route (2); The finished product bin (15) for storing the upgraded good-quality coal.

3. The lignite dry distillation and upgrading system according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes: The first cyclone dust collector (7) for removing dust particles in the flue gas during the operation of the first fluidized bed furnace (3); The spray tower (5) for desulfurization and dust removal, and also removing dust particles in the flue gas.

4. A lignite dry distillation and upgrading system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The flue gas discharge pipe of the retort furnace (13) is connected to the spray tower (5) through the carbonization furnace tail gas fan (4).

5. The lignite dry distillation and upgrading system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outlet pipe of the first cyclone dust collector (7) is connected to the inlet pipe of the spray tower (5) through the tail gas fan (6).

6. The lignite dry distillation and upgrading system according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes the second cyclone dust collector (9) for removing dust particles in the flue gas during the operation of the retort tower (13), and the outlet pipe of the second cyclone dust collector (9) is connected to the second fluidized bed furnace (12) through the gas blower (11).

7. A lignite dry distillation and upgrading process according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1. Adopt the loose selection method to remove impurities in lignite; S2. Convey the lignite to the first fluidized bed furnace (3) through the first conveying route (2), and set the working temperature inside the first fluidized bed furnace (3) through the temperature control system I. The working temperature inside the first fluidized bed furnace (3) is 350 - 550 °C, and the working time is 20 - 30 min. Remove the external moisture of lignite in an aerobic environment and then enter the next step; S3. Convey the lignite after removing the external moisture into the retort furnace (13) through the second conveying route (8), and set the working temperature inside the retort furnace (13) through the temperature control system II in the second fluidized bed furnace (12). The working temperature inside the retort furnace (13) is 280 - 300 °C, and the working time is 20 - 30 min. Remove the internal moisture of lignite in an anaerobic environment; S4. Cool to obtain good-quality coal and store it in the finished product bin (15).

8. A lignite dry distillation and upgrading process according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes: The flue gas generated during the removal of the external and internal moisture of lignite is purified by the first cyclone dust collector (7), the second cyclone dust collector (9) and the spray tower (5).

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