Reservoir anti-icing device of pumped storage power station
By laying electromagnets and guide rails around the reservoir, the reciprocating motion of iron blocks and eddy currents are used to heat the water surface, the problem of icing in reservoirs in high altitude areas is solved, anti-icing measures are simplified, and resource consumption is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510738630.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-08
AI Technical Summary
The existing pumped storage power station reservoirs are susceptible to large temperature differences and light in high altitude areas. Conventional anti-icing measures require a lot of manpower and resources, which is inconvenient to implement.
Electromagnets and guide rails are arranged on the circumferential edge of the reservoir, and the reciprocating movement of the iron block and the permanent magnets generate eddy current to generate heating, preventing ice from forming by disturbing and heating the water surface.
It realizes simple and efficient reservoir ice protection, reduces human resource needs, and prevents the ice from affecting power generation safety.
Smart Images
Figure CN120273294A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to an ice prevention device for a pumped - storage power station reservoir, belonging to the technical field of reservoir anti - freezing in hydropower and water conservancy projects. Background Art
[0002] Pumped - storage power stations play roles such as peak shaving and frequency modulation, and can ensure the safety of the power system, promote the large - scale development and consumption of the system energy. A pumped - storage power station generally includes an upper reservoir, a lower reservoir, a water conveyance system, a power generation plant, etc. The upper and lower reservoirs generally require a storage capacity of about several million or tens of millions of cubic meters.
[0003] Currently, more and more pumped - storage power stations are located in high - altitude areas in the southwest and northwest of China, facing adverse environments such as thin and dry air and large temperature differences between day and night. During the day, the sunshine time is long. Affected by sunlight, the temperature rises and the body feels comfortable. However, at night, the wind is strong and the temperature drops rapidly to below zero. The reservoirs of pumped - storage power stations face the risk of icing. Especially for the upper reservoir, its altitude is even above 4000m, and the problem of ice prevention in the reservoir basin is prominent. Common anti - ice measures mainly focus on how to break the ice or reduce the harm brought by ice slag to the project. For example, de - icing devices such as ice - breaking ships are used to remove ice in time to avoid the continuous thickening of the ice layer and the generation of large ice - pulling damage, which requires a lot of manpower and resources and is inconvenient to implement. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide an ice - prevention structure for a pumped - storage power station reservoir, which is more convenient to implement.
[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above - mentioned technical problem is: an ice - prevention device for a pumped - storage power station reservoir, including a pumped - storage reservoir. A plurality of electromagnets are arranged at intervals around the circumferential edge of the pumped - storage reservoir. Guide rails are fixedly arranged in the area below each electromagnet on the panel of the pumped - storage reservoir. The guide rails are arranged obliquely along the up - and - down extension direction of the panel of the pumped - storage reservoir. An iron block that reciprocally moves along the guide rails is installed on the guide rails. The iron block is provided with an iron - block return spring. When the iron - block return spring is in a natural state, the iron block is above the normal storage water level of the pumped - storage reservoir. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnet attracts the iron block to move upward. When the electromagnet is de - energized, the iron block moves downward under the action of its own gravity, and the iron block can overcome the elastic force of the iron - block return spring under the action of inertia force and move below the normal storage water level of the pumped - storage reservoir. Permanent magnets are fixedly arranged on both sides of the guide rails. The permanent magnets are arranged in the interval area between the highest point and the lowest point of the travel of the iron block, so that eddy currents can be generated and heat can be generated when the iron block reciprocally moves along the guide rails. The electromagnet is provided with a switch circuit for controlling its cyclic energization and de - energization.
[0006] A further preferred solution is: the iron - block return spring is arranged on the side of the iron block close to the electromagnet.
[0007] A further preferred solution is as follows: It includes a switch housing and a cam. The cam is rotatably arranged within the switch housing, and a motor for driving its rotation is provided for the cam; the switch circuit of the electromagnet includes a first moving contact and a second moving contact. The first ends of the first moving contact and the second moving contact are respectively rotatably arranged within the switch housing, and the rotation axis lines of the first ends of the first moving contact and the second moving contact are both parallel to the rotation axis line of the cam; the first moving contact and the second moving contact are respectively provided with switch springs. When the switch springs are in the natural state, the first moving contact and the second moving contact are arranged relatively, and the electromagnet is in the power-off state correspondingly; the second ends of the first moving contact and the second moving contact are both located on the rotation path of the convex part of the cam. The convex part of the cam can drive the second ends of the first moving contact and the second moving contact to contact each other so that the electromagnet is in the power-on state correspondingly.
[0008] A further preferred solution is as follows: It further includes a controller and a temperature sensor for detecting the ambient temperature. The temperature sensor and the motor provided for the cam are both electrically connected to the controller.
[0009] A further preferred solution is as follows: The circumferential direction of the energy storage reservoir has a circumferential reservoir road, and a wind power generation set is arranged on the circumferential reservoir road. The wind power generation set is provided with a battery system, and the battery system provides power for the switch circuit of the electromagnet.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: When the anti-icing device needs to work, only the electromagnet needs to be intermittently and cyclically powered on and off, so that the iron block can continuously make reciprocating movements to impact and disturb the water surface; at the same time, permanent magnets are arranged on both sides of the movement track of the iron block, so that the iron block can generate eddy currents and heat, and can heat the local water body. Through the dual effects of "disturbing" and "heating", the anti-icing purpose is achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 is the overall elevation layout schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the partial schematic diagram of the arrangement area of the electromagnet and the iron block in Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the switch circuit of the electromagnet in the present invention.
[0012] In the figure, the markings are: energy storage reservoir 1, electromagnet 2, first moving contact 21, second moving contact 22, switch spring 23, switch housing 24, guide rail 3, iron block 4, iron block return spring 5, permanent magnet 6, cam 7, convex part 71, wind power generation set 8, circumferential reservoir road 9, excavation slope 10, normal storage level of the reservoir 11. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
[0013] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0014] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the present invention includes an energy storage reservoir 1, which refers to the upper reservoir or the lower reservoir in a pumped-storage power station, especially the upper reservoir. In the present invention, a plurality of electromagnets 2 are arranged at intervals around the circumferential edge of the energy storage reservoir 1. A guide rail 3 is fixedly arranged in the lower area of each electromagnet 2 on the panel of the energy storage reservoir 1. The guide rail 3 is arranged obliquely along the up-and-down extension direction of the panel of the energy storage reservoir 1; an iron block 4 that reciprocates along the guide rail 3 is installed on the guide rail 3. The iron block 4 is provided with an iron block return spring 5. When the iron block return spring 5 is in a natural state, the iron block 4 is located above the normal storage water level of the energy storage reservoir 1; when the electromagnet 2 is energized, the electromagnet 2 attracts the iron block 4 to move upward; when the electromagnet 2 is de-energized, the iron block 4 moves downward under the action of its own gravity, and the iron block 4 can overcome the elastic force of the iron block return spring 5 under the action of inertial force and move below the normal storage water level of the energy storage reservoir 1 (after the kinetic energy of the iron block 4 is consumed during the process of disturbing the water surface and the spring vibrates back and forth, it returns to its original state under the action of the return spring force of the iron block return spring 5); permanent magnets 6 are fixedly arranged on both sides of the guide rail 3, and the permanent magnets 6 are arranged in the interval area between the highest point and the lowest point of the stroke of the iron block 4, so that eddy currents can be generated and heat can be generated when the iron block 4 reciprocates along the guide rail 3; the electromagnet 2 is provided with a switch circuit for controlling its cyclic energization and de-energization.
[0015] It should be noted that the present invention is mainly applicable to the upper reservoir of a pumped-storage power station in high-altitude areas, where the wind energy is sufficient and the temperature difference between day and night is relatively large. During the day, the anti-icing device does not need to work, and the upper reservoir of the pumped-storage power station can normally discharge water for power generation. At night, the pumped-storage power station does not work, and before the anti-icing device is enabled, the upper reservoir can be pre-set to the normal storage water level. In addition, anti-icing only needs to prevent the water surface from freezing around; if the central part of the reservoir freezes and is not connected to the reservoir perimeter, during power generation, as the reservoir water level slowly drops, the ice blocks will also slowly drop to the bottom of the reservoir, which will not affect power generation or cause adverse effects. After the temperature rises during the day, these ice layers will naturally melt and disappear. Therefore, several groups of electromagnets 2, iron blocks 4 and related supporting components can be pre-arranged around the energy storage reservoir 1 of the present invention. After the anti-icing device is enabled, under the control of the switch circuit, the electromagnet 2 is continuously and periodically energized and de-energized. The iron block 4 makes periodic reciprocating motions along the guide rail 3 under the action of the electromagnet 2 and the iron block return spring 5, and impacts and disturbs the water surface; at the same time, the iron block 4 periodically cuts the magnetic induction lines generated by the permanent magnet 6 to generate eddy currents and heat. When the iron block 4 contacts the water body, it can heat the water, and the anti-icing purpose is achieved by "disturbing the water surface" and "heating the water body".
[0016] The iron block reset spring 5 can be an ordinary cylindrical spring. In order to avoid its long-term immersion in water affecting its service life, the preferred arrangement is that the iron block reset spring 5 is arranged on the side of the iron block 4 close to the electromagnet 2, that is, one end of the iron block reset spring 5 is fixedly connected to the iron block 4, and the other end is connected to the spring fixed fulcrum arranged close to the electromagnet 2. The spring fixed fulcrum can be the fixed shell of the electromagnet 2 or other fixed components.
[0017] There are many ways to implement the switch circuit of the electromagnet 2. In order to make the structure simple and reliable, the present invention specifically adopts the following scheme. The present invention includes a switch housing 24 and a cam 7. The cam 7 is rotatably arranged in the switch housing 24. The cam 7 is equipped with a motor to drive it to rotate. The switch circuit of the electromagnet 2 includes a first moving contact 21 and a second moving contact 22. The first end of the first moving contact 21 and the first end of the second moving contact 22 are rotatably arranged in the switch housing 24, respectively, and the rotation axis center line of the first end of the first moving contact 21 and the rotation axis center line of the first end of the second moving contact 22 are both The first moving contact 21 and the second moving contact 22 are parallel to the rotation axis of the cam 7; the first moving contact 21 and the second moving contact 22 are respectively provided with a switch spring 23. When the switch spring 23 is in the natural state, the first moving contact 21 and the second moving contact 22 are arranged opposite to each other, and the electromagnet 2 is in the power-off state accordingly; the second end of the first moving contact 21 and the second end of the second moving contact 22 are both located on the rotation path of the raised portion 71 of the cam 7, and the raised portion 71 of the cam 7 can drive the second end of the first moving contact 21 and the second end of the second moving contact 22 to contact each other so that the electromagnet 2 is in the power-on state accordingly. It can be understood that when the raised portion 71 of the cam 7 rotates over the area where the first moving contact 21 and the second moving contact 22 are located, under the action of the reset elastic force of the switch spring 23, the first moving contact 21 and the second moving contact 22 are restored to the separated state, and the electromagnet 2 is in the power-off state accordingly, so that the electromagnet 2 is cyclically powered on and off during the continuous rotation of the cam 7. The switch spring 23 can be a cylindrical spring or a torsion spring, which can be installed in a suitable corresponding position.
[0018] In certain preferred embodiments, the present invention can also utilize a temperature sensor for linkage control with the switch circuit of the electromagnet 2. Specifically, the present invention further includes a controller and a temperature sensor for detecting the ambient temperature. The temperature sensor and the motor provided with the cam 7 are electrically connected to the controller. The ambient temperature can be understood in a broad sense, and can be the air temperature or the surface water temperature when the energy storage reservoir 1 is at a normal water level. The temperature threshold for the specific linkage control can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art according to actual conditions. For example, it can be designed that when the temperature is lower than 0°C or 1°C, the motor provided with the cam 7 automatically starts to run, which is equivalent to the anti-icing device starting to run; when the temperature is higher than 2°C or 3°C, the motor provided with the cam 7 automatically stops, which is equivalent to the anti-icing device stopping working.
[0019] Generally, a circumferential road 9 is provided around the energy storage reservoir 1. For further convenience of implementation, a wind turbine generator 8 is installed on the circumferential road 9. The wind turbine generator 8 is equipped with a battery system, and the battery system provides power for the switching circuit of the electromagnet 2.
Claims
1. A reservoir anti-icing device for a pumped-storage power station, comprising a storage reservoir (1), characterized in that: A plurality of electromagnets (2) are arranged at intervals around the circumferential edge of the energy storage reservoir (1). Guide rails (3) are fixedly arranged in the lower area of each electromagnet (2) on the panel of the energy storage reservoir (1). The guide rails (3) are arranged obliquely along the vertical extension direction of the panel of the energy storage reservoir (1). An iron block (4) that reciprocates along the guide rail (3) is installed on the guide rail (3). The iron block (4) is provided with an iron block return spring (5). When the iron block return spring (5) is in the natural state, the iron block (4) is located above the normal water storage level of the energy storage reservoir (1). When the electromagnet (2) is energized, the electromagnet (2) attracts the iron block (4) to move upward. When the electromagnet (2) is de-energized, the iron block (4) moves downward under the action of its own gravity, and the iron block (4) can overcome the elastic force of the iron block return spring (5) and move below the normal water storage level of the energy storage reservoir (1) under the action of inertia. Permanent magnets (6) are fixedly arranged on both sides of the guide rail (3). The permanent magnets (6) are arranged in the interval area between the highest point and the lowest point of the stroke of the iron block (4) so that eddy currents can be generated and heat can be generated when the iron block (4) reciprocates along the guide rail (3). The electromagnet (2) is provided with a switch circuit for controlling its cyclic energization and de-energization.
2. The ice prevention device for the reservoir of a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The iron block return spring (5) is arranged on the side of the iron block (4) close to the electromagnet (2).
3. The ice prevention device for the reservoir of a pumped-storage power station according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It includes a switch housing (24) and a cam (7). The cam (7) is rotatably arranged in the switch housing (24). The cam (7) is provided with a motor for driving its rotation. The switch circuit of the electromagnet (2) includes a first moving contact (21) and a second moving contact (22). The first ends of the first moving contact (21) and the second moving contact (22) are respectively rotatably arranged in the switch housing (24), and the rotation axis lines of the first ends of the first moving contact (21) and the second moving contact (22) are both parallel to the rotation axis line of the cam (7). The first moving contact (21) and the second moving contact (22) are respectively provided with switch springs (23). When the switch springs (23) are in the natural state, the first moving contact (21) and the second moving contact (22) are arranged relatively, and the electromagnet (2) is in the de-energized state correspondingly. The second ends of the first moving contact (21) and the second moving contact (22) are both located on the rotation path of the convex part (71) of the cam (7). The convex part (71) of the cam (7) can drive the second ends of the first moving contact (21) and the second moving contact (22) to contact each other so that the electromagnet (2) is in the energized state correspondingly.
4. The ice prevention device for the reservoir of a pumped-storage power station according to claim 3, wherein: It also includes a controller and a temperature sensor for detecting the ambient temperature. The temperature sensor and the motor of the cam (7) are both electrically connected to the controller.
5. The ice prevention device for a pumped storage power station reservoir according to claim 3, characterized in that: The circumferential direction of the energy storage reservoir (1) has a circumferential reservoir road (9). A wind power generating set (8) is arranged on the circumferential reservoir road (9). The wind power generating set (8) is provided with a battery system, and the battery system provides power for the switch circuit of the electromagnet (2).