A composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure

Abstract

The present invention discloses a composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure, which belongs to the technical field of ecological bank protection structures; the ecological bank protection structure includes a riverbed, the back of the riverbed is directly connected to the riverbank, a groove is dug at the connection between the riverbed and the riverbank, a basic stabilization layer is inlaid in the groove, a landscape beautification and clear water platform layer is provided on the riverbank above the basic stabilization layer, a water level adaptive adjustment layer is provided on the water surface in front of the landscape beautification and clear water platform layer, and an ecological restoration layer is provided on the water level adaptive adjustment layer; through the water level adaptive adjustment layer, the form of force can be converted under the action of water flow, and the tensioning force can be continuously applied to keep the buoyancy box stable, and the adjustment rope can be adaptively retracted and released when the water level changes, so that the buoyancy box is always kept in a suitable position, which neither affects the normal flood discharge of the river nor provides a stable growth environment for aquatic plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ecological bank protection structures, and in particular relates to a composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure. Background Art

[0002] The riparian zone, also known as the shore zone, bank zone, and water-land transition zone, is an important transition zone for the exchange of matter, energy, and information between river ecosystems and terrestrial ecosystems. In water conservancy projects, revetments play a key role in protecting river banks, stabilizing river channel morphology, and maintaining aquatic ecosystems. Traditional revetments have many problems in terms of ecology, adaptability, and landscape, such as the stable protection of river banks, the restoration and protection of aquatic ecosystems, and the beautification of landscapes. For example, traditional revetments mainly use mortar-laid or dry-laid blocks, reinforced concrete, etc. Although this type of revetment has certain effects in flood control and erosion resistance, the revetment structure has the problems of expensive materials, difficult construction, and difficult maintenance. Traditional revetments are designed and constructed only from the perspective of meeting the basic functions of rivers such as flood control, drainage, navigation, and water diversion. They ignore the survival and development of animals, plants, and microorganisms that are an integral part of the river, and rarely consider the impact on the environment and ecology. This type of revetment can easily destroy the ecological function of the river channel and cause the deterioration of the river's ecological environment. Moreover, existing bank protection structures often shift or even collapse due to changes in the riverbed, or extreme weather causes the water level to be too high or too low. If the bank protection position and water level changes cannot be detected and warned in time, irreparable losses will occur. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and proposes a composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure; the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0004] A composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure includes a riverbed, the back of the riverbed is directly connected to the riverbank, the water surface is between the riverbed and the riverbank, a groove is dug at the connection between the riverbed and the riverbank, a basic stabilization layer is inlaid in the groove, a landscaping and clear water platform layer is provided on the riverbank above the basic stabilization layer, a water level adaptive regulation layer is provided on the water surface in front of the landscaping and clear water platform layer, and an ecological restoration layer is provided on the water level adaptive regulation layer;

[0005] The water level adaptive adjustment layer includes at least one row of pontoons; each pontoon is composed of a pontoon bottom plate, four pontoon side plates and a pontoon top plate; two adjacent pontoons are connected by nylon ropes; a transmission structure and an adjustment structure are provided in the pontoon;

[0006] The transmission structure includes a counterweight shaft, a first helical gear, a second helical gear and an adjustment shaft; the counterweight shaft is horizontally arranged at the center of the pontoon, and a rotating seat is provided on the side surfaces of both ends of the counterweight shaft. The bottom surface of the rotating seat is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate of the pontoon, and the first helical gear is fixedly connected to the end surface of the counterweight shaft. The second helical gear is coaxially fixed to the middle part of the outer side surface of the adjustment shaft, and the front and rear end sides of the adjustment shaft are both provided with a rotating seat;

[0007] The adjustment structure includes a first spline sleeve, a first spline, a counterweight rope, a counterweight block, a second spline, a second spline sleeve, a pulley and an adjustment rope; the first spline sleeve is arranged in the middle of the outer side surface of the counterweight shaft, the inner side surface of the first spline sleeve is provided with a spline groove, the spline groove is matched with a first spline, the first spline is fixedly connected to the outer side surface of the counterweight shaft, the counterweight rope is wrapped around the outer side surface of the first spline sleeve, the counterweight rope passes through the bottom plate of the pontoon and is fixedly connected to the counterweight block, the outer side surfaces of the front and rear ends of the adjustment shaft are fixedly connected to the second spline, the outer side surface of the second spline is matched with a second spline sleeve, and the outer side surface of the second spline sleeve is wrapped with an adjustment rope wound in the opposite direction to the counterweight rope; the adjustment rope passes through the bottom plate of the pontoon and is wound around the pulley, the pulley is rotatably connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom plate of the pontoon, and the adjustment rope is installed and fixed obliquely downward on the top surface of the riverbed.

[0008] Furthermore, the base stabilization layer includes plain cement, which is in blocks and evenly stacked in the groove to form multiple layers of plain cement. A closed-cell foam board is sandwiched between two adjacent blocks of plain cement in the same layer, and a geogrid is arranged between the upper and lower layers of plain cement; marble pressure stones are pressed on the top surface of the multiple layers of plain cement.

[0009] Furthermore, a buffer brick wall is evenly paved on the front end of the multi-layer plain cement and marble pressed stone, a polysulfide sealant layer is laid at the connection between the buffer brick wall and the riverbed, and an artificial stone pile is laid on the polysulfide sealant layer.

[0010] Furthermore, the ecological restoration layer includes a perforated board and a hydroponic box. The perforated board is installed and fixed on the top surface of the hydroponic box; the hydroponic box is installed and fixed on the front and rear end surfaces of the floating box; through holes are provided on the left and right sides of the hydroponic box, and infusion tubes are passed through the through holes of a row of hydroponic boxes on the same side, and a water outlet is provided on the outer side of the pipe section of the infusion tube in the hydroponic box.

[0011] Furthermore, the landscaping and clear water platform layer includes a sidewalk, which is connected to a horizontal support frame. The horizontal support frame is made of multiple layers of wooden strips cross-connected and fixed. The front end of the bottom of the horizontal support frame is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inclined top support column. The lower end of the inclined top support column is installed and fixed obliquely downward on the front end surface of the river bank. The front end surface of the horizontal support frame is vertically fixed with a guardrail, and the top surface of the horizontal support frame is tightly paved with paving wooden boards.

[0012] Furthermore, evergreen trees are planted at equal intervals on the top of the sidewalk, and a circle of seats is placed around the outside of the lower ends of the evergreen trees.

[0013] Furthermore, a spraying component is provided on the water level adaptive adjustment layer.

[0014] Furthermore, the spraying assembly includes a water pipe; a water pipe is horizontally arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the pontoon top plate, the water pipe passes through the side plate of the pontoon and is connected to the water pump on the shore; a nozzle is provided above the water pipe, the lower end of the nozzle is connected to the water pipe, the upper end of the nozzle passes through the top plate of the pontoon and is rotatably connected to a rotating head, and an oblique water hole is opened on the outer side of the rotating head.

[0015] Furthermore, an early warning component is provided on the ecological restoration layer, and the early warning component includes a laser radar, and the laser radar is installed and fixed in the middle of the bottom surface of the hydroponic box.

[0016] Furthermore, light strips are fixedly installed on both sides of the top surface of the pontoon top plate. The light strips are LED flexible light strips with the same length as the pontoon top plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are:

[0018] 1. The present invention changes the traditional mode of transporting revetment materials and making foundations by using block-shaped plain cement and geogrid in combination with prefabricated cement foundations. Plain cement prefabricated blocks are easy to transport, significantly reducing material transportation costs. At the same time, the use of geogrids to assist in production simplifies the cement foundation production process, shortens the construction period, greatly improves construction efficiency, reduces construction difficulty, and makes complex underwater construction more convenient and efficient.

[0019] 2. The present invention uses a coordinated design of plain cement and buffer brick walls, so that the buffer brick walls can bear most of the water erosion. When the buffer brick walls are damaged, they can be directly replaced without the need for large-scale repairs of the entire revetment structure. This not only reduces maintenance costs, but also can promptly restore the protective function of the revetment, thereby increasing its service life and avoiding overall structural failure due to local damage.

[0020] 3. The present invention has the function of adaptive water level regulation. Through the design of the adaptive water level regulation layer, the transmission structure and the regulation structure are cleverly combined; the counterweight block can convert the form of force under the action of water flow through components such as the counterweight rope and the spline sleeve, continuously apply tension to keep the buoy stable, and adaptively retract and release the regulation rope when the water level changes, so that the buoy always remains in the appropriate position, which does not affect the normal flood flow of the river and provides a stable growth environment for aquatic plants.

[0021] 4. The combination of pontoons and perforated boards provides a platform for the cultivation of aquatic plants, which not only beautifies the water surface but also effectively restores the river ecosystem. Aquatic plants can absorb nutrients in the water, purify water quality, and increase biodiversity. The hydroponic tanks and infusion tubes work together to deliver constant-temperature nutrient solution, further improving the survival rate of aquatic plants and ensuring the continued and effective implementation of ecological restoration work. The design of landscape beautification and clear water platform layers fully considers people's needs for hydrophilic environment and ecological landscape. Evergreen trees are planted on the sidewalks and seats are set up to provide pedestrians with a comfortable viewing and resting place. The combination of horizontal support frames, paving boards and guardrails constructs a beautiful and safe clear water platform, turning the revetment into a space that integrates ecological and leisure functions, greatly improving the beauty and practicality of the revetment and enriching people's hydrophilic experience.

[0022] 5. The present invention provides a strong guarantee for the safety of the revetment through the setting of the early warning component; the laser radar cooperates with the adaptive water level adjustment layer to scan the riverbed and revetment in real time, obtain three-dimensional data, promptly detect water level changes and revetment displacement, and issue early warnings; this enables management personnel to take corresponding measures before problems occur, avoiding safety accidents caused by abnormal water level rise or damage to the revetment structure, and improving the safety and reliability of the revetment project; and while combining the early warning operation, the design of the spraying component solves the dual problems of aquatic plant maintenance and landscape lighting; the nozzle can spray to moisten plant leaves during the day to prevent the leaves from drying out and withering due to continuous light; the light strip provides lighting at night to beautify the landscape, so that the revetment can perform well at different times, further improving the overall practicality and user experience of the revetment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is an overall three-dimensional schematic diagram of the composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the basic stabilizing layer structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the local three-dimensional structure of the cement foundation of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the water level adaptive adjustment layer of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the water level adaptive adjustment layer of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the buoyancy tank of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6A schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of part A;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the ecological restoration layer structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the landscaping and water purification platform layer of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inclined roof support column of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the spray assembly of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the early warning component of the present invention.

[0035] Serial number in the picture:

[0036] 1. Riverbed; 2. Riverbank; 3. Water surface; 4. Plain cement; 5. Closed-cell foam board; 6. Geogrid; 7. Marble press stone; 8. Buffer brick wall; 9. Polysulfide sealant layer; 10. Artificial rock pile; 11. Top plate of pontoon; 12. Connecting seat; 13. Nylon rope; 14. Bottom plate of pontoon; 15. Side plate of pontoon; 16. Counterweight shaft; 17. Rotating seat; 18. First bevel gear; 19. Second bevel gear; 20. Adjusting shaft; 21. A splined sleeve; 22. First spline; 23. Counterweight rope; 24. Counterweight block; 25. Second spline; 26. Second splined sleeve; 27. Pulley; 28. Adjustment rope; 29. ​​Perforated board; 30. Sidewalk; 31. Evergreen tree; 32. Guardrail; 33. Horizontal support frame; 34. Slanted top support column; 35. Paving board; 36. Hydroponic box; 37. Infusion tube; 38. Light strip; 39. Water pipe; 40. Nozzle; 41. LiDAR. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0038] See also Figures 1 to 12This embodiment provides a composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure, including a riverbed 1, the back of the riverbed 1 is directly connected to the riverbank 2, the water surface 3 is between the riverbed 1 and the riverbank 2, a groove is dug at the connection between the riverbed 1 and the riverbank 2, a basic stabilization layer is inlaid in the groove, a landscape beautification and clear water platform layer is provided on the riverbank 2 above the basic stabilization layer, a water level adaptive adjustment layer is provided on the water surface 3 in front of the landscape beautification and clear water platform layer, an ecological restoration layer and a spraying component are provided on the water level adaptive adjustment layer; an early warning component is provided on the ecological restoration layer.

[0039] In the present invention, in order to solve the problems of high cost caused by bank protection materials, high construction difficulty caused by underwater construction and difficult maintenance of the structure once it is formed, the following technical solution is adopted: the basic stabilization layer includes plain cement 4, and the plain cement 4 is evenly stacked in blocks in the groove to form multiple layers of plain cement 4. A closed-cell foam board 5 is sandwiched between two adjacent plain cement blocks 4 in the same layer, and a geogrid 6 is arranged between the upper and lower layers of plain cement 4; the top surface of the multiple layers of plain cement 4 is pressed with marble pressure stone 7, and the front end surface of the multiple layers of plain cement 4 and the marble pressure stone 7 is evenly paved with a buffer brick wall 8, and a polysulfide sealant layer 9 is laid at the connection between the buffer brick wall 8 and the riverbed 1, and an artificial stone pile 10 is laid above the polysulfide sealant layer 9.

[0040] A layer of plain cement 4 and the closed-cell foam board 5 between the plain cement 4 and the corresponding geogrid 6 form a layer of cement foundation; through the cooperation of the block-shaped plain cement 4 and the geogrid 6, it is convenient to prefabricate the cement foundation, reduce the material transportation cost and the cement foundation production period, greatly improve the construction efficiency, and reduce the construction difficulty. Through the cooperation of the plain cement 4 and the buffer brick wall 8, it is convenient to reduce the erosion of the cement foundation by the water flow and facilitate replacement and maintenance, thereby increasing the service life of the revetment. Through the cooperation of the plain cement 4 and the closed-cell foam board 5, it is convenient for the cement foundation to adapt to the volume change caused by temperature change, avoid squeezing or leakage caused by cement volume change, and improve adaptability.

[0041] In this invention, to address the problem of revetments easily damaging the ecological function of river channels and causing deterioration of the river's ecological environment, a technical solution for an adaptive water level adjustment layer is adopted: the adaptive water level adjustment layer comprises a row of pontoons; in this embodiment, one pontoon is arranged every two meters. Each pontoon consists of a pontoon bottom plate 14, four pontoon side plates 15, and a pontoon top plate 11; the pontoon top plate 11 measures 2m x 1m, the pontoon side plates 15 are 0.8m high, and the pontoon bottom plate 14 is the same size as the pontoon top plate 11; a connecting seat 12 is fixed to the middle of the outer wall of the left and right pontoon side plates 15 of the pontoon; the connecting seats 12 of two adjacent pontoons are connected to each other by a nylon rope 13 with a diameter of 1cm. The pontoons are equipped with a transmission structure and an adjustment structure.

[0042] The transmission structure includes a counterweight shaft 16, a first bevel gear 18, a second bevel gear 19 and an adjusting shaft 20; the counterweight shaft 16 is horizontally arranged at the center of the pontoon, and a rotating seat 17 is provided on the side surfaces of both ends of the counterweight shaft 16. The bottom surface of the rotating seat 17 is fixedly connected to the top surface of the pontoon bottom plate 14. The first bevel gear 18 is fixedly connected to the end surfaces of both ends of the counterweight shaft 16 respectively, and the second bevel gear 19 is meshed with one side of the first bevel gear 18. The second bevel gear 19 is coaxially fixed to the middle part of the outer side surface of the adjusting shaft 20, and the front and rear end sides of the adjusting shaft 20 are both provided with a rotating seat 17.

[0043] The adjustment structure includes a first spline sleeve 21, a first spline 22, a counterweight rope 23, a counterweight block 24, a second spline 25, a second spline sleeve 26, a pulley 27 and an adjustment rope 28; the first spline sleeve 21 is sleeved on the middle part of the outer side of the counterweight shaft 16, a spline groove is provided on the inner side of the first spline sleeve 21, and a first spline 22 is provided in the spline groove. The first spline 22 is fixed to the outer side of the counterweight shaft 16, and the counterweight rope 23 is wound around the outer side of the first spline sleeve 21. A counterweight 24 is fixedly connected to the pontoon bottom plate 14. Second splines 25 are fixedly connected to the outer sides of the front and rear ends of the adjusting shaft 20. A second spline sleeve 26 is fitted on the outer side of the second spline 25. An adjusting rope 28 is wound around the outer side of the second spline sleeve 26 in the opposite direction to the counterweight rope 23. The adjusting rope 28 passes through the pontoon bottom plate 14 and is wound around a pulley 27. The pulley 27 is rotatably connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the pontoon bottom plate 14. The adjusting rope 28 is fixedly installed and fixed obliquely downward to the top surface of the riverbed 1.

[0044] The ecological restoration layer includes a perforated board 29 and hydroponic boxes 36. The perforated board 29 is fixed to the top surface of the hydroponic boxes 36; the hydroponic boxes 36 are fixed to the front and rear surfaces of the pontoon. The hydroponic boxes 36 have holes on both sides. A 2cm diameter infusion tube 37 is inserted through the holes in the same row of hydroponic boxes 36. The infusion tube 37 has outlets every 30cm on the outer side of the tube section inside the hydroponic boxes 36. In this embodiment, the perforated board 29 measures 1.5m x 0.8m and is perforated with 5cm diameter holes for seedling planting, evenly spaced 20cm apart. The hydroponic boxes 36 measure 1.6m x 0.9m x 0.4m.

[0045] The buoyancy box is kept stable by continuously applying tension through the counterweight block 24; when the water level changes, the adjustment rope 28 can be adaptively retracted and extended through the cooperation of the transmission structure and the adjustment structure to keep the ecological restoration layer stable; through the cooperation of the buoyancy box and the perforated board 29, it is convenient to plant aquatic plants to beautify the water surface 3 while repairing the river ecology, thereby improving practicality; through the cooperation of the hydroponic box 36 and the infusion tube 37, it is convenient to transport constant temperature nutrient solution, thereby improving the survival rate of aquatic plants.

[0046] The landscaping and clear water platform layer includes a sidewalk 30, on the top surface of which evergreen trees 31 are planted at equal intervals, and a circle of seats is arranged around the outer side of the lower end of the evergreen trees 31. A horizontal support frame 33 is provided in front of the seats at the same level as the sidewalk 30. The horizontal support frame 33 is made of multiple layers of wooden strips cross-connected and fixed. The front end of the bottom of the horizontal support frame 33 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inclined top support column 34, and the lower end of the inclined top support column 34 is installed and fixed obliquely downward on the front surface of the river bank 2. A guardrail 32 is vertically fixed to the front surface of the horizontal support frame 33, and paving wooden boards 35 are tightly laid on the top surface of the horizontal support frame 33. The landscaping and clear water platform layer facilitates beautification of the landscape and provides a viewing platform for pedestrians, thereby improving the aesthetics.

[0047] The early warning component includes a laser radar 41. The laser radar 41 is fixedly mounted in the middle of the bottom surface of the hydroponic box 36. Through the cooperation of the adaptive water level adjustment layer and the laser radar 41, the laser radar 41 can scan the riverbed 2 and the revetment and obtain real-time three-dimensional data, thereby warning of water level changes and revetment displacement, thereby improving safety. The model of the laser radar 41 is RIEGLVZ-1000, which is used to scan the riverbed 1 and the revetment to obtain real-time three-dimensional data.

[0048] The spraying assembly includes a water pipe 39; a water pipe 39 with a diameter of 5 cm is horizontally arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the pontoon top plate 11, the water pipe 39 passes through the pontoon side plate 15 and is connected to the water pump on the shore; a nozzle 40 is provided above the water pipe 39, the lower end of the nozzle 40 is connected to the water pipe 39, the upper end of the nozzle 40 passes through the pontoon top plate 11 and is rotatably connected to a rotating head, and an oblique water hole with a diameter of 3 mm is opened on the outer side of the rotating head; light strips 38 are installed and fixed on both sides of the top surface of the pontoon top plate 11, the light strips 38 are LED flexible light strips, and the length is the same as that of the pontoon top plate 11; the spraying assembly can realize the function of spraying moist plant leaves during the day, and at the same time, the light strips 38 can provide night lighting to beautify the landscape.

[0049] In this embodiment, a construction method of a composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 1: Before construction, a diversion dam is first built to block the water from the upper reaches of the river. After clearing the riverbed 1, a trench is dug on the bank of the river 2. During this period, the prefabrication of the cement foundation can be started. When prefabricating the cement foundation, it is only necessary to build a frame of appropriate size using geogrids 6 and closed-cell foam boards 5 and pour cement to form plain cement 4. After waiting for the plain cement 4 to solidify, it can be loaded and transported to the construction site. Then the prefabricated cement foundation is sunk into the trench by a crane and arranged closely along the trench.

[0051] Step 2. After the cement foundation is laid, fill all gaps with closed-cell foam boards 5, then press a layer of marble pressed stone 7 on top of the cement foundation to ensure the stability of the cement foundation, then lay a layer of buffer brick wall 8 on the front end of the cement foundation, so that the buffer brick wall 8 bears most of the water erosion, and then lay a layer of polysulfide sealant layer 9 at the connection between the riverbed 1 and the buffer brick wall 8 to ensure that the riverbed 1 is stable and will not sink due to the eddy current erosion of the revetment angle, causing the cement foundation to collapse, and then lay an artificial stone pile 10 on top of the polysulfide sealant layer 9 to protect the polysulfide sealant layer 9.

[0052] Step three, install the slanted top support column 34 at the front end face of the river bank 2, then erect the horizontal support frame 33 on the slanted top support column 34, then lay the paving wood boards 35 tightly on the horizontal support frame 33, and then install the fixed guardrail 32 at the front end face of the horizontal support frame 33, thereby completing the installation of the clear water platform, then lay the sidewalk 30 and plant evergreen trees 31 at equal intervals, and install circular seats around the evergreen trees 31, and finally open the upstream river water to complete the bank protection construction work.

[0053] Step four, then comes the decoration work. First, place the pontoons equidistantly at appropriate positions on the water surface 3. During the placement, the pontoons are flexibly connected to each other through nylon ropes 13 to ensure the relative distance between the pontoons. Then, the lower end of the adjustment rope 28 under the pontoon is installed and fixed on the riverbed 1. Then, the light strip 38 and the water pipe 39 are put through, and the water pipe 39 and the nozzle 40 are connected to complete the installation of the water level adaptive adjustment layer. Then, the hydroponic box 36 is installed on the front and rear end faces of the pontoon. Then, the infusion tube 37 is passed through the hydroponic box 36, and aquatic plants are inserted into the holes on the perforated board 29. Then, the heated nutrient solution is transported into each hydroponic box 36 through the pump on the shore to ensure the warmth and nutrition of the aquatic plants. The installation of the ecological restoration layer is completed, thereby completing all the construction work.

[0054] During the revetment work, the water flow continuously scours the revetment, and most of the wear and tear is borne by the buffer brick wall 8. Once the buffer brick wall 8 is damaged, the buffer brick wall 8 can be directly replaced, thereby avoiding the problem that the revetment support structure is worn and cannot be repaired. The flow of river water will drive the buoyancy box and the perforated plate 29 to move. At this time, the gravity continuously applied by the counterweight block 24 is converted into the rotational force of the counterweight shaft 16 through the counterweight rope 23 and the first spline sleeve 21, and then converted into the rotational force of the adjusting shaft 20 through the cooperation of the first bevel gear 18 and the second bevel gear 19, and finally transmitted to the adjusting rope 28 through the second spline 25 and the second spline sleeve 26, so that the adjusting rope 28 is continuously tightened, thereby The thrust of the water flow is offset to ensure the stable position of the aquatic plants. Similarly, when the water level changes, the adjusting rope 28 can also automatically adjust its length under the action of the gravity of the counterweight block 24 to ensure the stable position of the aquatic plants. The water pump on the shore will also supply water to the water pipe 39, so that water will be ejected from the nozzle 40. At this time, the water will be ejected from the oblique water spray hole to drive the rotor to rotate and spray water evenly, which is convenient for washing the surface dust of the planted aquatic plants. The laser radar 41 continuously scans the riverbed 2 and the bank protection structure to obtain three-dimensional data and analyze and warn the micro-displacement of the bank protection and the real-time changes in the water level, so as to facilitate early handling of possible crises.

[0055] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific preferred embodiment. It cannot be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, they can make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of patent protection determined by the submitted claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure, comprising a riverbed (1), the back of the riverbed (1) being directly connected to the riverbank (2), and a water surface (3) being between the riverbed (1) and the riverbank (2), characterized in that: A groove is dug at the connection between the riverbed (1) and the riverbank (2), a foundation stabilization layer is set in the groove, a landscape beautification and clear water platform layer is set on the riverbank (2) above the foundation stabilization layer, a water level adaptive regulation layer is set on the water surface (3) in front of the landscape beautification and clear water platform layer, and an ecological restoration layer is set on the water level adaptive regulation layer; The water level adaptive adjustment layer includes at least one row of pontoons; each pontoon is composed of a pontoon bottom plate (14), four pontoon side plates (15) and a pontoon top plate (11); two adjacent pontoons are connected by a nylon rope (13); a transmission structure and an adjustment structure are provided in the pontoon; The transmission structure includes a counterweight shaft (16), a first bevel gear (18), a second bevel gear (19) and an adjustment shaft (20); the counterweight shaft (16) is horizontally arranged at the center of the pontoon, and a rotating seat (17) is sleeved on the side surfaces of both ends of the counterweight shaft (16), and the bottom surface of the rotating seat (17) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the bottom plate (14) of the pontoon. The first bevel gear (18) is fixedly connected to one side of the first bevel gear (18), and the second bevel gear (19) is coaxially fixed to the middle part of the outer side surface of the adjustment shaft (20). The front and rear end sides of the adjustment shaft (20) are both sleeved with a rotating seat (17); The adjustment structure includes a first spline sleeve (21), a first spline (22), a counterweight rope (23), a counterweight block (24), a second spline (25), a second spline sleeve (26), a pulley (27) and an adjustment rope (28); the first spline sleeve (21) is sleeved on the middle part of the outer side surface of the counterweight shaft (16), a spline groove is provided on the inner side surface of the first spline sleeve (21), a first spline (22) is provided in the spline groove, the first spline (22) is fixed to the outer side surface of the counterweight shaft (16), a counterweight rope (23) is wound around the outer side surface of the first spline sleeve (21), and the counterweight rope (23) is wound around the outer side surface of the first spline sleeve (21). 3) passing through the pontoon bottom plate (14) and being fixedly connected to a counterweight block (24), the outer side surfaces of the front and rear ends of the adjusting shaft (20) are fixedly connected to second splines (25), the outer side surface of the second spline (25) is provided with a second spline sleeve (26), and the outer side surface of the second spline sleeve (26) is wound with an adjusting rope (28) wound in the opposite direction to the counterweight rope (23); the adjusting rope (28) passes through the pontoon bottom plate (14) and is wound around a pulley (27), the pulley (27) is rotatably connected to the four corners of the bottom surface of the pontoon bottom plate (14), and the adjusting rope (28) is installed and fixed obliquely downward on the top surface of the riverbed (1); The base stabilization layer comprises plain cement (4), which is uniformly stacked in blocks in the groove to form multiple layers of plain cement (4), a closed-cell foam board (5) is sandwiched between two adjacent plain cement blocks (4) in the same layer, and a geogrid (6) is arranged between the upper and lower plain cement layers (4); a marble pressure stone (7) is pressed on the top surface of the multiple layers of plain cement (4); a buffer brick wall (8) is uniformly paved on the front end surface of the multiple layers of plain cement (4) and the marble pressure stone (7), a polysulfide sealant layer (9) is laid at the connection between the buffer brick wall (8) and the riverbed (1), and an artificial stone pile (10) is laid above the polysulfide sealant layer (9).

2. A composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological restoration layer includes a perforated plate (29) and a hydroponic box (36), wherein the perforated plate (29) is fixed on the top surface of the hydroponic box (36); the hydroponic box (36) is fixed on the front and rear end surfaces of the floating box; through holes are provided on the left and right sides of the hydroponic box (36), and a liquid infusion pipe (37) is passed through the through holes of the water infusion pipes (37) in a row on the same side, and a water outlet is provided on the outer side of the pipe section of the liquid infusion pipe (37) in the hydroponic box (36).

3. The composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The landscaping and water platform layer includes a sidewalk (30), the sidewalk (30) is connected to a horizontal support frame (33), the horizontal support frame (33) is formed by cross-connecting multiple layers of wooden strips, the front end of the bottom of the horizontal support frame (33) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the inclined top support column (34), the lower end of the inclined top support column (34) is installed and fixed obliquely downward on the front end surface of the river bank (2), the front end surface of the horizontal support frame (33) is vertically fixed with a guardrail (32), and the top surface of the horizontal support frame (33) is tightly paved with paving wooden boards (35).

4. The composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Evergreen trees (31) are planted at equal intervals on the top surface of the sidewalk (30), and a circle of seats is arranged around the outer sides of the lower ends of the evergreen trees (31).

5. The composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The water level self-adaptive regulating layer is provided with a spraying component.

6. The composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The spray assembly includes a water pipe (39); a water pipe (39) is horizontally provided at the middle of the bottom surface of the pontoon top plate (11), the water pipe (39) passes through the pontoon side plate (15) and is connected to a water pump on the shore; a nozzle (40) is provided above the water pipe (39), the lower end of the nozzle (40) is connected to the water pipe (39), the upper end of the nozzle (40) passes through the pontoon top plate (11) and is rotatably connected to a rotating head, and an oblique water hole is opened on the outer side of the rotating head.

7. The composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: An early warning component is provided on the ecological restoration layer, and the early warning component includes a laser radar (41). The laser radar (41) is fixedly mounted on the middle of the bottom surface of the hydroponic box (36).

8. The composite water conservancy ecological bank protection structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Light strips (38) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the top surface of the pontoon top plate (11). The light strips (38) are LED flexible light strips with the same length as the pontoon top plate (11).

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