Ultra-deep hole directional drilling while drilling advance prediction device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling advance prediction device and method in the field of geological survey technology, comprising a seismic wave test joint, a movable connection joint, an expansion joint and a hammer joint that are sequentially connected. A first hoisting mechanism and a locking mechanism are provided in the movable connection joint. The lower end of the movable connection joint and the upper end of the expansion joint are respectively provided with a guide groove and a guide head that can be matched and docked. The pull rope of the first hoisting mechanism is connected to the top of the expansion joint, and the locking mechanism can lock and fix the guide head when the guide groove and the guide head are docked. During the lowering of the equipment, the seismic wave test joint is fixedly connected to the hammer joint through the locking mechanism, so that the two can stably reach a predetermined position. During the test, the seismic wave test joint is separated from the hammer joint and is only connected by the pull rope, so that the hammer joint will not directly vibrate the seismic wave test joint, thereby solving the vibration error influence caused by the transmitting and receiving integrated device itself, and making the test results more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geological survey technology, and in particular to an ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling advance prediction device and method. Background Art

[0002] Currently, engineering drilling is the most commonly used surveying technique in the field of engineering surveys. Breakthroughs in directional coring, in particular, have solved the problem of curved drilling in engineering surveys, and have become more common in railway, highway, and water conservancy and hydropower tunnel surveys. However, in ultra-deep hole directional coring, most cases still involve coring using directional coring technology. After extracting the drill pipe, tests such as water pressure drilling, sonic waves, and borehole television are conducted. Geologists can make a certain assessment of geological conditions within 3 meters of the borehole through core identification and test data analysis. However, they cannot make assessments of geological conditions in front of and beyond the borehole, especially regarding the distribution of caves in karst areas, or the errors are significant.

[0003] On this basis, some scholars have begun to explore the use of boreholes for advanced prediction. The most common method currently involves emitting electromagnetic waves within the borehole, which must then be received by a receiver located on the ground near the borehole mouth. The electromagnetic wave data obtained is then used to analyze the adverse geological conditions around the borehole. However, this method also has significant limitations. First, the signal must be received by a surface receiver, but the transmission distance of electromagnetic waves is limited. Once the borehole reaches a certain depth below the surface, especially in ultra-deep hole drilling, this method may have significant errors or be unusable. Second, the ground reception method used by this method results in insufficient detection capabilities ahead of the borehole, significantly reducing the prediction coverage and, in particular, failing to achieve the purpose of advanced prediction of unknown geological conditions ahead. Third, drilling must be stopped, then the drill must be raised, and then the drill must be lowered to continue drilling after detection, which takes a long time. Another method is detection through seismic waves, such as the patent document with publication number CN117211798A, which uses a source module within the borehole to excite seismic waves, and then uses a detection module to receive the seismic wave signals to obtain rock physical data. The defect of this method is that for ultra-deep holes, the detection module outside the hole is far away from the source and cannot receive accurate signals. The detection module inside the hole is fixed together with the source module. When the source module excites seismic waves, it will directly cause the detection module to vibrate, thereby causing detection errors. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies in existing deep hole geological detection, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ultra-deep hole directional drilling while drilling advance prediction device and method with high detection accuracy and convenient measurement.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is:

[0006] An ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling advance prediction device comprises a seismic wave test joint, a movable connection joint, an expansion joint and a hammer joint connected in a vertical direction, wherein the seismic wave test joint is fixedly connected to the movable connection joint, and the expansion joint is fixedly connected to the hammer joint; a first hoisting mechanism and a locking mechanism are provided in the movable connection joint; the lower end of the movable connection joint and the upper end of the expansion joint are respectively provided with a guide groove and a guide head that can be matched and docked; the first pull rope of the first hoisting mechanism is connected to the top of the expansion joint; and the locking mechanism can lock and fix the guide head when the guide groove and the guide head are docked.

[0007] Furthermore, the movable connection joint includes a second mounting tube, the first hoisting mechanism includes a first motor fixed in the second mounting tube and a first reel arranged on the rotating shaft of the first motor, and the pull rope is wound around the first reel; the locking mechanism includes a fourth linear motor, a second motor and a W-shaped fixer, the fourth linear motor and the second motor are fixed in the second mounting tube, and the upper end of the W-shaped fixer is rotatably set on the telescopic end of the fourth linear motor, so that the W-shaped fixer can move along the axis of the second mounting tube; the upper end of the guide head is provided with a W-shaped groove, and the W-shaped fixer can be engaged or disengaged with the W-shaped groove by rotation after being inserted into the W-shaped groove.

[0008] Furthermore, the seismic wave test section includes a first mounting tube, and a detection mechanism, a liquid injection mechanism, a drilling mechanism, a first telescopic mechanism, a second telescopic mechanism and a third telescopic mechanism arranged in the first mounting tube. The detection mechanism includes a vibration signal sensor installed on a fixed block, the liquid injection mechanism includes a liquid storage bag, a liquid pump and a liquid injection head connected in sequence, and the drilling mechanism includes an impact electric hammer. The fixed block, the liquid injection head and the electric drill bit of the impact electric hammer can extend out of the through hole on the side wall of the first mounting tube under the action of the first telescopic mechanism, the second telescopic mechanism and the third telescopic mechanism respectively.

[0009] Furthermore, the first telescopic mechanism includes a first linear motor and a first slide groove, the fixed block is slidably arranged in the first slide groove, and a connecting rod is hinged between the vibration signal sensor and the telescopic end of the first linear motor; the second telescopic mechanism includes a second linear motor, and the injection head is arranged on the telescopic end of the second linear motor; the third telescopic mechanism includes a linear electric cylinder and a second slide groove, the impact hammer is slidably arranged in the second slide groove, and the telescopic end of the linear electric cylinder is slidably connected to the tail of the impact hammer through a connecting slider.

[0010] Furthermore, the expansion joint includes a third mounting tube and a rubber ring mounting tube connected at one end, the lower end of the guide head is slidably arranged in the rubber ring mounting tube, and a rubber ring is sleeved on the rubber ring mounting tube. The length of the rubber ring is greater than the length of the rubber ring mounting tube, and its upper and lower ends are respectively abutted against the guide head and the bottom of the rubber ring mounting tube. A third linear motor is provided in the third mounting tube, and the telescopic end of the third linear motor is connected to the lower end of the guide head. The rubber ring can expand laterally outward under the axial extrusion of the guide head and the rubber ring mounting tube.

[0011] The cam is secured to the upper end of the cam and secured to the lower end of the cam, and the cam is secured to the lower end of the cam when the cam is engaged.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a fixed section, a telescopic section and a rotating section, the fixed section includes a fifth mounting tube and an elastic ear arranged in the fifth mounting tube and can be clamped and fixed on the drill pipe, the upper end of the fixed section is provided with a fishing head, the telescopic section includes a sixth mounting tube and an electric push rod arranged in the sixth mounting tube, the rotating section includes a seventh mounting tube and a fixed shaft rotatably arranged in the seventh mounting tube, the fixed shaft is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod, a third motor is provided on the fixed shaft, a third gear is provided on the rotating shaft of the third motor, and an annular internal gear meshing with the third gear is provided on the inner wall of the seventh mounting tube.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a walking section, which includes two walking sections, one of which is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic section, and the other is arranged at the lower end of the seismic wave test section. The walking section includes an eighth mounting tube and a power pack arranged in the eighth mounting tube, the power pack is provided with a driving wheel, and the eighth mounting tube is provided with an opening for the outer edge of the driving wheel to pass through.

[0014] Furthermore, a transmission node, a battery node and an acquisition and processing node are provided between the fixed node and the telescopic node, and an acoustic wave node, a panoramic node and a temperature measurement node are provided between the seismic wave test node and the movable connection node.

[0015] The method for predicting while drilling in ultra-deep hole directional drilling adopts the above-mentioned advance prediction device based on in-hole seismic waves. In addition to the seismic wave test joint, movable connection joint, expansion joint and hammer joint, the remaining functional joints are selected and assembled according to the drilling form or the items and functions to be tested. The method also includes the following steps:

[0016] Step 1: For vertical or inclined holes, place the device into the drill pipe or the borehole to be tested through the salvage device; for horizontal holes, use the travel section to control the device to move to the part to be tested in the hole;

[0017] Step 2: For vertical holes or inclined holes, after the equipment reaches the predetermined position, the equipment is fixed in the drill hole by expanding the expansion joint, and then the seismic wave test joint is controlled to complete the preparations before the test. After that, the expansion joint is controlled to contract and detach from the hole wall, and the locking mechanism of the movable connection joint is used to loosen the fixed connection with the expansion joint, and the first winch mechanism is controlled to lower the expansion joint and the hammer joint until the hammer joint reaches the bottom of the hole; for horizontal holes, the walking joint is first used to push the hammer joint to the bottom of the hole, and then the locking mechanism of the movable connection joint is used to loosen the fixed connection with the expansion joint, and then the walking joint returns the remaining functional sections to the predetermined position. During the movement, the first winch mechanism is controlled to synchronously release the first pull rope, and finally the seismic wave test joint is controlled to complete the preparations before the test;

[0018] Step 3: Use the expansion joint to fix the hammer joint to the hole wall again, then start the hammer joint to hit the hole bottom or hole wall to generate seismic waves, and use the seismic wave test joint to collect and process the seismic wave signals;

[0019] Step 4: After the test is completed, retract the expansion joint, use the first hoisting mechanism of the movable connection joint to pull up the expansion joint and hammer joint, then lock and fix them through the locking mechanism, and finally move the equipment out of the borehole or drill pipe through the salvage device or walking joint to complete the advance prediction of the drilling.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The seismic wave test section and the hammer section are connected together through a movable connection section. During the lowering of the equipment, the seismic wave test section and the hammer section are fixedly connected so that the two can stably reach the predetermined position. During the test, the seismic wave test section and the hammer section are separated and only connected by a pull rope, so that the hammer section will not directly vibrate the seismic wave test section, thus solving the vibration error caused by the transmitting and receiving device itself and making the test results more accurate.

[0022] 2. By setting up a drilling mechanism, a fluid injection mechanism, and a detection mechanism in the seismic wave test section, the vibration signal sensor is directly fixed to the hole wall by drilling-injecting coupling fluid-installing a fixing block before the test, thereby receiving seismic wave signals more stably and further improving the measurement accuracy;

[0023] 3. A fixed joint, telescopic joint, and rotating joint are installed above the seismic wave test joint. The fixed joint can fix the entire device to the lower end of the drill pipe. After the coring work is completed during the drilling process, the device is lowered along the drill pipe to realize drilling while drilling. The telescopic joint and rotating joint can drive the seismic wave test joint to move and rotate, thereby realizing vibration wave measurement within a certain axial range and circumferential range. Later, more comprehensive and accurate rock physical data can be obtained through data comparison and superposition.

[0024] 4. By setting the walking section, the entire device can be used for horizontal drilling detection, which increases the scope of application of the equipment;

[0025] 5. By setting up functional sections such as the transmission section, battery section, acquisition and processing section, acoustic wave section, panoramic section and temperature measurement section, the entire equipment is made more complete and has more functions. It can be selected and assembled according to the items and functions to be tested, and a combination of multiple forecasting means is used to carry out advanced forecasting, which solves the problem of single forecasting means in existing technologies and lack of detection of some key geological information. By synchronizing multiple detection data and conducting comprehensive analysis, better forecasting results can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the seismic wave test joint, the movable connection joint, the expansion joint and the hammer joint of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention in which the movable connection joint and the expansion joint are separated;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seismic wave test section of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the hammer joint of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the combination of the fixed joint, the telescopic joint and the rotating joint of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 It is a combined schematic diagram of all functional stages of the present invention.

[0032] Marked in the figure are, 1-seismic wave test joint, 2-active connection joint, 3-expansion joint, 4-hammer joint, 5-fixed joint, 6-telescopic joint, 7-rotation joint, 8-travel joint, 9-transmission joint, 10-battery joint, 11-acquisition and processing joint, 12-acoustic wave joint, 13-panoramic joint, 14-temperature measurement joint, 110-detection mechanism, 111-fixed block, 112-vibration signal sensor, 120-liquid injection mechanism, 121-liquid storage bag, 122-liquid pump, 123-liquid injection head, 130-drilling mechanism, 131-impact electric hammer, 132-electric drill bit, 1 33-return spring, 140-first telescopic mechanism, 141-first linear motor, 142-first slide, 143-connecting rod, 150-second telescopic mechanism, 151-second linear motor, 160-third telescopic mechanism, 161-linear electric cylinder, 162-second slide, 163-connecting slider, 170-first mounting tube, 180-camera, 210-first hoisting mechanism, 211-first motor, 212-first reel, 213-first pull rope, 220-locking mechanism, 221-second motor, 222-W-shaped fixture , 223-first gear, 224-second gear, 225-fourth linear motor, 230-guide groove, 240-second mounting tube, 310-guide head, 320-W-shaped groove, 330-third mounting tube, 340-rubber ring mounting tube, 350-rubber ring, 360-third linear motor, 410-fourth mounting tube, 420-sliding seat, 421-hammer head, 422-slider, 423-first return spring, 424-bolt, 425-baffle, 426-nut, 430-traction seat, 431-traction rod, 440-hammer spring , 450-wedge-shaped block, 460-second hoisting mechanism, 461-fourth motor, 462-second reel, 463-second pull rope, 470-second return spring, 480-guide rail, 510-fifth mounting tube, 520-elastic ear, 530-fishing head, 610-sixth mounting tube, 620-electric push rod, 710-seventh mounting tube, 720-fixed shaft, 730-third motor, 740-third gear, 750-annular internal gear, 760-bearing, 810-eighth mounting tube, 820-power pack, 830-drive wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] It should be noted that any directional terms used in this disclosure, such as "up," "down," "left," "right," "front," and "back," are intended to facilitate descriptions of the relative positions of components and are not intended to specify the absolute positions of related components or the positional relationships between them. They are intended only to explain the relative positions and motion of components in a specific posture. If the posture changes, the directional terms will also change accordingly. Any terms used in this disclosure, such as "multiple," "a plurality," or "several," specifically refer to two or more.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an advance prediction device based on in-hole seismic waves, comprising a seismic wave test section 1, a movable connection section 2, an expansion section 3 and a hammer section 4 connected in a vertical direction, wherein the seismic wave test section 1 is fixedly connected to the movable connection section 2, and the expansion section 3 is fixedly connected to the hammer section 4. The movable connection section 2 is provided with a first hoisting mechanism 210 and a locking mechanism 220. The lower end of the movable connection section 2 and the upper end of the expansion section 3 are respectively provided with a guide groove 230 and a guide head 310 that can be matched and docked. The first pull rope 213 of the first hoisting mechanism 210 is connected to the top of the expansion section 3. The locking mechanism 220 can lock and fix the guide head 310 when the guide groove 230 docks with the guide head 310. In order to adapt to the drilling and ensure that it has sufficient structural strength, each functional segment is preferably in the form of a cylindrical steel pipe plus an internal functional device. Among them, the function of the expansion joint 3 is to expand and expand laterally so that it is fixed in the borehole by friction, so that the hammer joint 4 can hit the bottom or wall of the hole to generate seismic waves. The seismic wave test joint 1 is used to receive the above-mentioned seismic wave signals. The movable connection joint 2 is used to achieve its fixation and separation with the expansion joint 3. When the equipment is lowered into the borehole, the movable connection joint 2 and the expansion joint 3 are locked and fixed together by the locking mechanism 220, so that the seismic wave test joint 1 and the hammer joint 4 are a whole, ensuring that the two can stably reach the predetermined position; during the test process, the movable connection joint 2 is separated from the expansion joint 3 and is only connected by the first pull rope 213, so that the hammer joint 4 will not directly vibrate the seismic wave test joint 1 when working, which solves the vibration error influence generated by the transmitting and receiving integrated device itself, and can make the test results more accurate; after the test is completed, the movable connection joint 2 pulls up the expansion joint 3 and the hammer joint 4 to fix them, making it convenient to remove the equipment.

[0036] Regarding the guiding docking method of the movable connection joint 2 and the expansion joint 3, the present invention provides an embodiment, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2As shown, the guide groove 230 adopts an inward-concave conical groove, and an opening for the W-shaped fixer 222 to pass through is provided in the middle of the conical groove. The top of the guide head 310 is a conical head that cooperates with the conical groove, so as to facilitate the axial alignment of the two. The movable connection joint 2 includes a second mounting tube 240, and the first hoisting mechanism 210 includes a first motor 211 fixed in the second mounting tube 240 and a first reel 212 provided on the rotating shaft of the first motor 211. One end of the first pull rope 213 is wound around the first reel 212, and the other end is connected to the guide head 310. The lifting and lowering of the expansion joint 3 is achieved by the forward and reverse rotation of the first motor 211. There are many structures for locking and fixing the movable connection joint 2 and the expansion joint 3 in the prior art, such as rotary locking, electromagnetic locking, expansion locking, etc. The present invention provides a rotary locking structure, such as Figure 2 As shown, the locking mechanism 220 includes a fourth linear motor 225, a second motor 221 and a W-shaped fixture 222. The fourth linear motor 225 and the second motor 221 are fixed in the second mounting tube 240. The upper end of the W-shaped fixture 222 is rotatably set on the telescopic end of the fourth linear motor 225, so that the W-shaped fixture 222 can move along the axis of the second mounting tube 240. The rotating shaft of the second motor 221 and the middle part of the W-shaped fixture 222 are respectively provided with a first gear 223 and a second gear 224 that are meshed with each other. The length of the first gear 223 and the second gear 224 needs to ensure that the two remain in a meshing state during the lifting process of the W-shaped fixture 222; the upper end of the guide head 310 is provided with a W-shaped groove 320, and the W-shaped fixture 222 can be engaged with or disengaged from the W-shaped groove 320 by rotation after being inserted into the W-shaped groove 320. The lower end of the W-shaped fixture 222 is a rectangular solid as a whole, and two slots are provided at the upper parts of both ends of the length direction of the rectangular solid, so that it forms a structure with a W-shaped vertical cross-section. The opening of the W-shaped groove 320 is a rectangular structure that matches the lower end of the W-shaped fixture 222. Below the opening is a circular groove, and two retaining ribs are provided at the top of the circular groove. The process of connecting the W-shaped fixture 222 and the W-shaped groove 320 is as follows: the lower end of the W-shaped fixture 222 first enters the circular groove at the bottom from the opening of the W-shaped groove 320, and then the W-shaped fixture 222 is rotated 90°, so that the slot and the retaining rib are engaged together, realizing a fixed connection between the W-shaped fixture 222 and the W-shaped groove 320; when it needs to be disengaged, the reverse operation can be performed. Of course, in order to ensure that the W-shaped fixture 222 can be stably inserted into the opening of the W-shaped groove 320, the opening of the W-shaped groove 320 can be set slightly larger. In addition, in order to prevent the expansion joint 3 and the hammer joint 4 from rotating during the lifting process, a pulley can be set at the bottom of the W-shaped groove 320, and the first pull rope 213 is connected to the movable connecting joint 2 after passing around the pulley. This is equivalent to connecting through two pull ropes, which can play a certain anti-rotation role.

[0037] The specific structure of seismic wave test section 1 is as follows Figure 3As shown, it includes a first mounting tube 170, and a detection mechanism 110, a liquid injection mechanism 120, a drilling mechanism 130, a first telescopic mechanism 140, a second telescopic mechanism 150 and a third telescopic mechanism 160 arranged in the first mounting tube 170, the detection mechanism 110 includes a vibration signal sensor 112 installed on a fixed block 111, the liquid injection mechanism 120 includes a liquid storage bag 121, a liquid pump 122 and a liquid injection head 123 connected in sequence, and the drilling mechanism 130 includes an impact hammer 131, and the fixed block 111, the liquid injection head 123 and the electric drill bit 132 of the impact hammer 131 can extend out of the through hole on the side wall of the first mounting tube 170 under the action of the first telescopic mechanism 140, the second telescopic mechanism 150 and the third telescopic mechanism 160 respectively. More specifically, the first telescopic mechanism 140 includes a first linear motor 141 and a first slide 142. The fixed block 111 is slidably disposed within the first slide 142. A connecting rod 143 is hingedly connected between the vibration signal sensor 112 and the telescopic end of the first linear motor 141. The second telescopic mechanism 150 includes a second linear motor 151. The injection head 123 is disposed on the telescopic end of the second linear motor 151. The third telescopic mechanism 160 includes a linear electric cylinder 161 and a second slide 162. The impact hammer 131 is slidably disposed within the second slide 162. The telescopic end of the linear electric cylinder 161 is slidably connected to the tail of the impact hammer 131 via a connecting slider 163. The sliding direction of the first and second slides 142 and 162 is the same as the telescopic direction of the second linear motor 151. The specific setting can be based on the space available for the equipment within the first mounting tube 170, such as a 45° angle. The telescopic end of the first linear motor 141 drives the fixed block 111 to move along the first slide 142 via a connecting rod 143. The connecting slider 163 is connected to the tail of the impact hammer 131 via an inclined sliding connection, thereby converting the telescopic movement of the linear electric cylinder 161 into the sliding movement of the impact hammer 131 along the second slide 162. In addition, to better reset the impact hammer 131 after drilling is completed, a return spring 133 can be installed on the electric drill head 132. In addition, to facilitate observation of drilling, injection, and insertion of the fixed block 111 into the drill hole, a camera 180 can be installed at the location where the electric drill head 132, injection head 123, and fixed block 111 pass through the first mounting tube 170.

[0038] The working process of the seismic wave test node 1 is: after the equipment is lowered to the predetermined position, the entire equipment is first fixed in the hole by the expansion joint 3, and then the impact hammer 131 is started, and the linear electric cylinder 161 is used to push the impact hammer 131 outward, so that the electric drill bit 132 passes through the first mounting tube 170 to drill the installation hole on the hole wall. After the drilling is completed, the impact hammer 131 is retracted, and then the seismic wave test node 1 is moved, so that the injection head 123 is aligned with the installation hole, and the second linear motor 151 is controlled to make the injection head 123 extend into the installation hole to inject coupling liquid. The coupling liquid is a viscous quick-drying liquid. Then the seismic wave test node 1 is moved again, so that the fixed block 111 is aligned with the installation hole, and the first linear motor 141 is used to push the fixed block 111 out and insert it into the installation hole. After the coupling liquid solidifies, the fixed block 111 can be fixed in the installation hole. After completing the above operations, the seismic wave test section 1 can be kept in place, and the hammering section 4 can be lowered to perform hammering operations until the seismic wave test is completed, and then the first linear motor 141 can be controlled to forcibly retract the fixed block 111.

[0039] The specific structure of the expansion joint 3 is as follows Figure 2 As shown, the guide head 310 includes a third mounting tube 330 and a rubber ring mounting tube 340 connected at one end. The lower end of the guide head 310 is slidably disposed within the rubber ring mounting tube 340. A rubber ring 350 is sleeved on the rubber ring mounting tube 340. The rubber ring 350 is longer than the rubber ring mounting tube 340, and its upper and lower ends abut the bottoms of the guide head 310 and the rubber ring mounting tube 340, respectively. A third linear motor 360 is housed within the third mounting tube 330, and its telescopic end is connected to the lower end of the guide head 310. The rubber ring 350 can expand laterally outward under axial compression by the guide head 310 and the rubber ring mounting tube 340. When the rubber ring 350 is not compressed, the outer diameter of the rubber ring 350 is the same as that of the third mounting tube 330. The length of the rubber ring 350 and the range of expansion when compressed are appropriately set based on the gap between the third mounting tube 330 and the drilled hole, ensuring that the rubber ring 350 maintains a stable connection with the hole wall after expansion.

[0040] For the specific structure of hammer joint 4, the preferred embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Figure 4As shown, it includes a fourth mounting tube 410, and a sliding seat 420 and a traction seat 430 located in the fourth mounting tube 410 and capable of sliding along its axis. Specifically, a sliding connection can be achieved by providing a guide rail 480 or a guide rod in the fourth mounting tube 410. A hammer spring 440 is provided between the sliding seat 420 and the upper end of the fourth mounting tube 410, and a hammer head 421 and a sliding head 422 are provided on the sliding seat 420. In a natural state, the lower end of the hammer head 421 extends beyond the lower end of the fourth mounting tube 410 under the action of the hammer spring 440. The slider 422 is arranged to slide horizontally on the sliding seat 420, and a first return spring 423 is provided between one end of the slider 422 and the sliding seat 420. The upper part of the other end of the slider 422 is provided with an inclined surface, and a bolt 424 can be provided at the end of the slider 422 away from the inclined surface to be slidably connected to the baffle 425 on the sliding seat 420. The first return spring 423 is sleeved on the bolt 424, and the first return spring 423 abuts between the sliding seat 420 and the baffle 425. A nut 426 is provided at one end of the bolt 424 passing through the baffle 425 for limiting. A wedge-shaped stopper 450 is provided in the middle and upper part of the fourth mounting tube 410 to cooperate with the inclined surface of the slider 422; the traction seat 430 is positioned On the side of the slider 422 away from the first return spring 423, a traction rod 431 is provided on the traction seat 430, and a second hoisting mechanism 460 is provided at the upper end of the fourth mounting tube 410. The second hoisting mechanism 460 has the same structure as the first hoisting mechanism 210, including a fourth motor 461, a second reel 462 and a second pull rope 463. The second pull rope 463 is connected to the upper end of the traction seat 430, and a second return spring 470 is provided between the lower end of the traction seat 430 and the lower end of the fourth mounting tube 410. The second return spring 470 is preferably a spiral spring. In the natural state, the traction rod 431 on the traction seat 430 is located below the slider 422 under the action of the second return spring 470.

[0041] The working process of the hammer section 4 is as follows: first, the second hoisting mechanism 460 is used to drive the traction seat 430 to move upward, and at the same time, the traction rod 431 drives the slider 422, and the slider 422 drives the sliding seat 420 to rise, the hammer spring 440 is compressed and stored, and the second return spring 470 is stretched until the slider 422 contacts the wedge-shaped stopper 450. Under the sliding cooperation between the inclined surface of the slider 422 and the wedge-shaped stopper 450, the slider 422 is pushed horizontally by the wedge-shaped stopper 450, compressing the first return spring 423, until the slider 42 The traction rod 431 is disengaged, and the first return spring 423 and the hammer spring 440 are reset, pushing the sliding seat 420 downward, causing the hammer head 421 to produce a hammering action. Then, the second hoisting mechanism 460 stops pulling, and under the reset action of the second return spring 470, the traction seat 430 descends, and the traction rod 431 contacts the inclined surface of the slider 422 and pushes the slider 422 to move horizontally, causing the traction rod 431 to return to the bottom of the slider 422. This completes a complete hammering action, and the next hammering action can be performed according to the above process.

[0042] During the operation of the seismic wave test node 1, the axial movement of the seismic wave test node 1 is involved in the process of drilling, injecting coupling fluid, and installing the fixed block 111. In principle, this can be achieved by dragging the seismic wave test node 1 with a salvage device, but there may be problems such as poor precision control, which affects the detection efficiency. In addition, only using one fixed block and one test position may not be enough to accurately explore geological information. Therefore, the preferred solution of the present invention is as follows: Figure 5 As shown, the entire device also includes a fixed section 5, a telescopic section 6 and a rotating section 7, the fixed section 5 includes a fifth mounting tube 510 and an elastic ear 520 arranged in the fifth mounting tube 510 and can be clamped and fixed on the drill pipe, the upper end of the fixed section 5 is provided with a fishing head 530, the telescopic section 6 includes a sixth mounting tube 610 and an electric push rod 620 arranged in the sixth mounting tube 610, the rotating section 7 includes a seventh mounting tube 710 and a fixed shaft 720 rotatably arranged in the seventh mounting tube 710, and the fixed shaft 720 and the seventh mounting tube 710 can be connected by an axis. The seventh mounting tube 710 is connected to the bearing 760, the fixed shaft 720 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod 620, the fixed shaft 720 is provided with a third motor 730, the rotating shaft of the third motor 730 is provided with a third gear 740, and the inner wall of the seventh mounting tube 710 is provided with an annular internal gear 750 meshing with the third gear 740. When the fixed shaft 720 is stationary, the third motor 730 can drive the seventh mounting tube 710 to rotate through the cooperation of the third gear 740 and the annular internal gear 750, and the lower end of the seventh mounting tube 710 is fixedly connected to the seismic wave test node 1.

[0043] The above-mentioned combination is primarily used in conjunction with a drill pipe. A latch is provided within the drill pipe near the cutter head. After a section of drilling is completed and coring is complete, the drill is lifted upward a certain distance. The equipment is then lowered along the drill pipe using the connection between the overshot and the overshot head 530. When the fixed section 5 reaches the cutter head, the elastic latch 520 engages within the drill pipe latch, thereby limiting the fixed section 5 in both axial and circumferential directions. The elastic latch 520 can be configured in a herringbone shape, allowing the fixed section 5 to be automatically retracted and disengaged from the drill pipe latch after the test is completed. During seismic wave testing, since the drill pipe is stationary, the fixed section 5 is also stationary. As the seismic wave test section 1 drills, injects coupling fluid, and installs the fixed block 111, the telescopic section 6 is used to achieve axial movement of the equipment, thereby achieving precise control of the axial position. Furthermore, after adding the rotating joint 7, multiple mounting holes can be drilled circumferentially around the borehole wall by rotating the seismic wave test joint 1, and multiple fixing blocks 111 and vibration signal sensors 112 can be placed within the first mounting tube 170. This allows for seismic wave detection in multiple locations and directions with a single hammer strike, which improves testing efficiency. Later, more comprehensive and accurate rock physics data can be obtained through data comparison and overlay. This combination enables testing while drilling, allowing for a test to be performed each time the drill rod advances a certain distance without having to completely withdraw the drill rod, significantly improving testing efficiency.

[0044] At present, in geological survey projects, in addition to vertical holes and inclined holes, there are also horizontal boreholes. When the above-mentioned combined structure is used to test horizontal boreholes, the fixed section 5 can be first installed on the drill rod, and then the equipment can be sent into the hole with the drill rod. This process is relatively troublesome. Therefore, the preferred solution is to add a walking section 8. The walking section 8 can include two, one of which is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic section 6 and the other is arranged at the lower end of the seismic wave test section 1. The specific position can be adjusted according to actual conditions to ensure smooth operation. The walking section 8 includes an eighth mounting tube 810 and a power pack 820 arranged in the eighth mounting tube 810. The power pack 820 is provided with a drive wheel 830, and the eighth mounting tube 810 is provided with an opening for the outer edge of the drive wheel 830 to pass through. The power pack 820 mainly includes a battery, a drive mechanism and a control mechanism, etc., and can drive the entire device to move in the horizontal borehole by remotely controlling the walking section 8, thereby realizing advanced prediction of horizontal drilling. After using the walking section 8, if it is still used in conjunction with the drill rod, the above-mentioned fixed section 5 can continue to be used to fix it in conjunction with the drill rod. If the drill hole from which the drill rod has been removed is to be tested, the above-mentioned fixed section 5 can be omitted, or a fixed section 5 of another fixing form can be used. When it is necessary to fix the position of the telescopic section 6, this can be achieved by increasing the friction between the drive wheel 830 and the hole wall.

[0045] A more comprehensive solution involves installing a transmission node 9, a battery node 10, and an acquisition and processing node 11 between the fixed node 5 and the telescopic node 6. Furthermore, an acoustic node 12, a panoramic node 13, and a temperature measurement node 14 are installed between the seismic wave testing node 1 and the movable connection node 2. The transmission node 9 houses a wireless data transmission system for receiving and transmitting data and information, enabling interaction between the entire device and the borehole instruments. Long-distance, low-interference transmission technologies such as wireless microwave transmission and quantum communication can be employed. The battery node 10 houses a storage battery, providing a long-term, stable power source for the entire device. The acquisition and processing node 11 houses a data acquisition and processing system for collecting and processing data and instructions from the device components and the borehole instruments. The acoustic node 12 houses an acoustic sensor system for collecting rock velocity information circumferentially. The panoramic node 13, comprising a transparent tube, a camera, and a light source module, captures panoramic images and videos of the borehole wall along the borehole axis. The temperature measuring section 14 mainly includes a measuring head and a telescopic mechanism, which are used to measure the ground temperature of the borehole. When temperature measurement is required, the telescopic mechanism pushes the measuring head out to contact the hole wall, and retracts the measuring head after the measurement is completed. The functional modules of the above-mentioned functional segments are all prior art. This application only requires selecting suitable existing products for assembly as needed, so its working principle and installation method are not described here in detail. All functional segments of the present invention adopt a combination structure of a cylindrical shell with the same diameter and an internal functional module, and the cylindrical shells of each functional segment are connected by the same threaded structure, so that different functional segments can be used in combination to meet different testing requirements.

[0046] In order to better apply the present invention, the present invention also provides an ultra-deep hole directional drilling while drilling advance prediction method, using the above-mentioned ultra-deep hole directional drilling while drilling advance prediction device, except for the seismic wave test section 1, the movable connection section 2, the expansion joint 3 and the hammer section 4, the remaining functional sections are selected and assembled according to the drilling form or the items and functions to be tested. The following is a device with all functional sections, such as Figure 6 Taking the example shown in the figure, and using it with a drill pipe as an example, the specific usage method includes the following steps:

[0047] 1. Preparation before testing

[0048] Pull the drill pipe out of the hole partially to leave operating space for the device to test. For vertical or inclined holes, the device can be simply placed into the drill hole to be tested by connecting the rope to the fishing head and using the gravity of the device. For horizontal holes, the device can be driven to the drill hole to be tested by the walking section 8. After the fixing section 5 reaches the hole mouth, it will automatically engage with the drill pipe's bayonet through the elastic clamping ear 520 for limit locking.

[0049] 2. Functional data testing

[0050] The device is controlled by the telescopic joint 6 and the rotating joint 7 to slowly move along the axial direction of the borehole or drill rod and rotate circumferentially. During this process, the panoramic section 13 is used to collect panoramic images and videos of the borehole wall of this moving length, the temperature measuring section 14 is used to collect the temperature of multiple points, and the acoustic wave section is used to collect acoustic wave data in all directions. The entire process is recorded by the acquisition and processing section 11.

[0051] 3. Seismic wave data testing

[0052] For vertical holes or inclined holes, after the equipment reaches the predetermined position, the expansion joint 3 is first used to expand and contact the hole wall to be fixed, and then the electric drill bit 132 of the seismic wave test node 1 is controlled to drill a small installation hole on the hole wall. After drilling to a predetermined depth, the electric drill bit 132 is retracted. If multiple positions need to be tested, the seismic wave test node 1 is slowly rotated by the rotating joint 7 after loosening the expansion joint 3, and the expansion joint 3 is fixed after reaching the predetermined position. In this way, the drilling of all the installation holes is completed in a cycle, and then the coupling liquid is injected into the installation hole by the injection head 123, and the fixed block 111 is pushed into the installation hole by the first telescopic mechanism 140 for fixing. Then, the expansion joint 3 is controlled to shrink and separate from the hole wall, and the locking mechanism 220 of the movable connection node 2 is used to loosen the fixed connection with the expansion joint 3, and the first hoisting mechanism 210 is controlled to lower the expansion joint 3 and the hammer joint 4 until the hammer joint 4 reaches the bottom of the hole;

[0053] For a horizontal hole, first use the walking section 8 to push the hammer section 4 to the bottom of the hole, then use the locking mechanism 220 of the movable connection section 2 to loosen the fixed connection with the expansion joint 3, and then the walking section 8 returns the remaining functional sections to the predetermined position. During the movement, the first hoisting mechanism 210 is controlled to synchronously release the first pull rope 213, and finally the fixing block 111 of the seismic wave test section 1 is fixed in the manner of the vertical hole or inclined hole described above;

[0054] Then, the expansion joint 3 is used again to fix the hammer joint 4, and the hammer head 421 of the hammer joint 4 is controlled to hammer the rock at the bottom of the borehole. The acquisition and processing node 11 synchronously records the seismic wave information received by the seismic wave test node 1. After the test is completed, the expansion joint 3 is controlled to reset, and the expansion joint 3 is controlled to slowly approach and fix it through the movable connection node 2. Finally, the seismic wave test node 1 is controlled to retract the fixed block 111.

[0055] 4. Recycling Equipment

[0056] After completing the above test work, the fishing head is moved toward the borehole mouth through the connecting rope of the fishing head or the traveling section 8 control device, and finally recovered on the surface.

[0057] 5. Data Processing

[0058] The data is exported from the remote data acquisition instrument at the orifice, processed and analyzed using special software, and a forecast report is compiled.

Claims

1. Ultra-deep hole directional drilling while drilling advance prediction device, characterized by: The invention comprises a seismic wave test section (1), a movable connection section (2), an expansion section (3) and a hammer section (4) connected and arranged in a vertical direction, wherein the seismic wave test section (1) is fixedly connected to the movable connection section (2), and the expansion section (3) is fixedly connected to the hammer section (4); a first hoisting mechanism (210) and a locking mechanism (220) are provided in the movable connection section (2); a guide groove (230) and a guide head (310) capable of matching and docking are provided at the lower end of the movable connection section (2) and the upper end of the expansion section (3); a first pull rope (213) of the first hoisting mechanism (210) is connected to the top of the expansion section (3); and the locking mechanism (220) can When the guide groove (230) and the guide head (310) are docked, the guide head (310) is locked and fixed; the hammer joint (4) includes a fourth mounting tube (410), and a sliding seat (420) and a traction seat (430) located in the fourth mounting tube (410) and sliding along its axis. A hammer spring (440) is provided between the sliding seat (420) and the upper end of the fourth mounting tube (410). A hammer head (421) and a slider (422) are provided on the sliding seat (420). In a natural state, the lower end of the hammer head (421) exceeds the lower end of the fourth mounting tube (410) under the action of the hammer spring (440). The slider (422) is laterally slidably provided on the sliding seat (420). On the sliding seat (420), a first return spring (423) is provided between one end of the slider (422) and the sliding seat (420), an upper portion of the other end of the slider (422) is provided with an inclined surface, and a wedge-shaped stopper (450) that cooperates with the inclined surface is provided at the middle upper portion of the fourth mounting tube (410); the traction seat (430) is located on the side of the slider (422) away from the first return spring (423), the upper end of the fourth mounting tube (410) is provided with a second hoisting mechanism (460), the pull rope of the second hoisting mechanism (460) is connected to the upper end of the traction seat (430), and a second return spring (460) is provided between the lower end of the traction seat (430) and the lower end of the fourth mounting tube (410). Spring (470), in a natural state, the traction rod (431) on the traction seat (430) is located below the slider (422) under the action of the second return spring (470); when the traction seat (430) drives the sliding seat (420) to rise through the traction rod (431), the wedge-shaped stopper (450) contacts the inclined surface of the slider (422) and pushes the slider (422) to move laterally, so that the slider (422) is separated from the traction rod (431) to produce a hammering action; when the traction seat (430) descends, the traction rod (431) contacts the inclined surface of the slider (422) and pushes the slider (422) to move laterally, so that the traction rod (431) returns to the bottom of the slider (422).

2. The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling prediction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The movable connection joint (2) includes a second mounting tube (240), the first hoisting mechanism (210) includes a first motor (211) fixed in the second mounting tube (240) and a first reel (212) arranged on the rotating shaft of the first motor (211), and the first pull rope (213) is wound around the first reel (212); the locking mechanism (220) includes a fourth linear motor (225), a second motor (221) and a W-shaped fixture (222), the fourth linear motor (225) and the second motor (221) are fixed in the second mounting tube (240), 40), the upper end of the W-shaped fixer (222) is rotatably arranged on the telescopic end of the fourth linear motor (225), so that the W-shaped fixer (222) moves along the axis of the second mounting tube (240), and the rotating shaft of the second motor (221) and the middle of the W-shaped fixer (222) are respectively provided with a first gear (223) and a second gear (224) that are meshed with each other; the upper end of the guide head (310) is provided with a W-shaped groove (320), and the W-shaped fixer (222) can be engaged with or disengaged from the W-shaped groove (320) by rotating after being inserted into the W-shaped groove (320).

3. The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling prediction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seismic wave test section (1) comprises a first mounting tube (170), and a detection mechanism (110), a liquid injection mechanism (120), a drilling mechanism (130), a first telescopic mechanism (140), a second telescopic mechanism (150), and a third telescopic mechanism (160) arranged in the first mounting tube (170). The detection mechanism (110) comprises a vibration signal sensor (112) mounted on a fixed block (111). The liquid injection mechanism (120) comprises a liquid storage bag (121), a liquid pump (122), and a liquid injection head (123) connected in sequence. The drilling mechanism (130) comprises an impact electric hammer (131). The fixed block (111), the liquid injection head (123), and the electric drill bit (132) of the impact electric hammer (131) can extend out of a through hole on a side wall of the first mounting tube (170) under the action of the first telescopic mechanism (140), the second telescopic mechanism (150), and the third telescopic mechanism (160), respectively.

4. The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling prediction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first telescopic mechanism (140) includes a first linear motor (141) and a first slide groove (142), the fixed block (111) is slidably arranged in the first slide groove (142), and a connecting rod (143) is hinged between the vibration signal sensor (112) and the telescopic end of the first linear motor (141); the second telescopic mechanism (150) includes a second linear motor (151), and the injection head (123) is arranged on the telescopic end of the second linear motor (151); the third telescopic mechanism (160) includes a linear electric cylinder (161) and a second slide groove (162), the impact hammer (131) is slidably arranged in the second slide groove (162), and the telescopic end of the linear electric cylinder (161) is slidably connected to the tail of the impact hammer (131) through a connecting slider (163).

5. The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling prediction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion joint (3) includes a third mounting tube (330) and a rubber ring mounting tube (340) connected at one end. The lower end of the guide head (310) is slidably arranged in the rubber ring mounting tube (340). A rubber ring (350) is sleeved on the rubber ring mounting tube (340). The length of the rubber ring (350) is greater than the length of the rubber ring mounting tube (340), and the upper and lower ends thereof are respectively abutted against the bottom of the guide head (310) and the rubber ring mounting tube (340). A third linear motor (360) is arranged in the third mounting tube (330). The telescopic end of the third linear motor (360) is connected to the lower end of the guide head (310). The rubber ring (350) can expand outward laterally under the axial extrusion of the guide head (310) and the rubber ring mounting tube (340).

6. The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling prediction device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The invention also includes a fixed section (5), a telescopic section (6) and a rotating section (7), wherein the fixed section (5) includes a fifth mounting tube (510) and an elastic ear (520) arranged in the fifth mounting tube (510) and fixed to the drill pipe, and a fishing head (530) is provided at the upper end of the fixed section (5), the telescopic section (6) includes a sixth mounting tube (610) and an electric push rod (620) arranged in the sixth mounting tube (610), and the rotating section (7) includes a seventh mounting tube (710) and a rotating section (710). A fixed shaft (720) is disposed in the seventh mounting tube (710), the fixed shaft (720) being fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the electric push rod (620), a third motor (730) being provided on the fixed shaft (720), a third gear (740) being provided on the rotating shaft of the third motor (730), an annular internal gear (750) being meshed with the third gear (740) being provided on the inner wall of the seventh mounting tube (710), and the lower end of the seventh mounting tube (710) being fixedly connected to the seismic wave test section (1).

7. The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling prediction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The invention also includes a walking section (8), wherein the walking section (8) includes two walking sections, one of which is arranged at the upper end of the telescopic section (6) and the other is arranged at the lower end of the seismic wave test section (1). The walking section (8) includes an eighth mounting tube (810) and a power pack (820) arranged in the eighth mounting tube (810). The power pack (820) is provided with a driving wheel (830), and the eighth mounting tube (810) is provided with an opening for the outer edge of the driving wheel (830) to pass through.

8. The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling prediction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A transmission node (9), a battery node (10) and an acquisition and processing node (11) are further provided between the fixed node (5) and the telescopic node (6); and an acoustic node (12), a panoramic node (13) and a temperature measurement node (14) are further provided between the seismic wave test node (1) and the movable connection node (2).

9. A method for predicting while drilling ultra-deep hole directional drilling, characterized by: The ultra-deep hole directional drilling while-drilling advance prediction device as claimed in claim 8 is used. In addition to the seismic wave test joint (1), the movable connection joint (2), the expansion joint (3) and the hammer joint (4), the remaining functional joints are selected and assembled according to the drilling form or the items and functions to be tested, and the following steps are also included: Step 1: For vertical or inclined holes, place the device into the drill pipe or the borehole to be tested through a salvage device; for horizontal holes, use the travel section (8) to control the device to move to the part to be tested in the hole; Step 2: For a vertical hole or an inclined hole, after the device reaches the predetermined position, the expansion joint (3) is expanded to fix the device in the borehole, and then the seismic wave test section (1) is controlled to complete the preparatory work before the test, and then the expansion joint (3) is controlled to shrink and separate from the hole wall, and the locking mechanism (220) of the movable connection section (2) is used to loosen the fixed connection with the expansion joint (3), and the first hoisting mechanism (210) is controlled to lower the expansion joint (3) and the hammering section (4) until the hammering section (4) reaches the bottom of the hole; for a horizontal hole, the walking section (8) is first used to push the hammering section (4) to the bottom of the hole, and then the locking mechanism (220) of the movable connection section (2) is used to loosen the fixed connection with the expansion joint (3), and then the walking section (8) sends the remaining functional sections back to the predetermined position, and during the movement, the first hoisting mechanism (210) is controlled to synchronously release the first pull rope (213), and finally the seismic wave test section (1) is controlled to complete the preparatory work before the test; Step 3: Use the expansion joint (3) again to fix the hammer joint (4) to the hole wall, then start the hammer joint (4) to strike the hole bottom or hole wall to generate seismic waves, and use the seismic wave test joint (1) to collect and process the seismic wave signals; Step 4: After the test is completed, the expansion joint (3) is retracted, and the first hoisting mechanism (210) of the movable connecting joint (2) is used to pull up the expansion joint (3) and the hammer joint (4), and then they are locked and fixed by the locking mechanism (220). Finally, the equipment is moved out of the borehole or drill pipe by the salvage device or the walking joint (8), and the advance prediction of the drilling is completed.

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