Efficient energy-saving and emission-reducing system and method for high-gas mine

Abstract

The invention belongs to but not limited to the technical field of energy conservation and emission reduction, and particularly relates to an efficient energy conservation and emission reduction system and method for a high-gas mine. Comprising a gas extraction device, an air compressor, a water mist dust removal device, a gas demisting device, a gas thickening device, a harmful gas treatment device, a waste heat utilization device, a gas storage tank, an extraction pump, a gas power generation device, a gas combustion device, a waste heat utilization device and a boiler. Gas extracted by the gas extraction device passes through a gas conveying pipeline and is pushed into the water mist dust removal device through an air compressor, and the water mist dust removal device carries coal dust and dust and discharges the coal dust and the dust from the bottom; the gas subjected to fine water mist dust removal enters the gas demisting device, so that the dryness of the gas is ensured; then the gas enters a gas thickening device, the thickened gas is input into a gas storage tank to be stored and collected, and finally the thickened gas is input into a gas power generation device and a gas combustion device through a gas extraction pump.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to, but is not limited to, the technical field of energy conservation and emission reduction, and particularly relates to a high-gas mine efficient energy conservation and emission reduction system and method. Background Technique

[0002] Mine gas refers to the general term for various gases mainly composed of methane underground, and also includes carbon dioxide, nitrogen, and small amounts of hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen, rare gases, etc. These gases mainly come from the outburst of coal bodies and roadway surrounding rocks, as well as the gun smoke generated during the mining process, the exhaust gas emitted by equipment, and the chemical and biochemical reactions of underground minerals and materials. Gas disasters, especially gas explosions and coal and gas outburst accidents, not only cause a large number of casualties and property losses, but also seriously affect the normal production of coal mining enterprises and the harmony and stability of society.

[0003] During the mining process of high-gas mine working faces, a large amount of gas will be directly discharged into the atmosphere through the mine ventilation system, and at the same time, the gas extracted from the gas drainage pipeline will also be directly discharged into the atmosphere, causing environmental pollution and wasting a large amount of available resources. Gas is a clean energy source that does not produce toxic and harmful gases during the combustion process and has a relatively high calorific value for combustion, and can be used as fuel. At the same time, in chemical production, gas is also an important raw material.

[0004] The patent application with the publication number of CN118997833A in the prior art belongs to the technical field of coal mine gas drainage, and specifically relates to a method for directional drilling gas drainage in the top and bottom plates of the coal seam in the same coal seam; a roof drill field is excavated and arranged on the roof of the coal roadway, and a floor drill field is dug and arranged under the floor of the coal roadway. By using the directional drilling method, the opening of the drainage borehole is arranged in the roof drill field and the floor drill field, and the drainage borehole is covered to the coal seam to drain the coal seam gas; the present invention replaces the traditional gas drainage modes of "coal seam in the same coal seam + bedding boreholes" and "bottom drainage roadway + cross-cut boreholes" with the gas drainage modes of "roof drill field in the same coal seam + directional drainage boreholes" and "floor drill field in the same coal seam + directional drainage boreholes", providing a brand-new gas control mode for coal mine safety production under special gas geological conditions.

[0005] The patent application for gas utilization with the prior art publication number CN202210290974.2 discloses a system and method for heat extraction and reuse based on coal mine gas extraction equipment, aiming to utilize the waste heat of the gas extraction equipment, and then improve the quality of heating through the heat pump unit, to ensure the goal of scientific utilization of external constant temperature heating. The heat extraction and reuse system collects the waste heat of the extraction equipment through the recovery device, which can not only reduce the temperature of the circulating water in the water ring vacuum pump, ensure the smooth operation of the equipment and improve efficiency; but also achieve the effect of no waste heat gas emission and no cooling equipment. Finally, the shell and tube heat exchanger and the water source heat pump are used to cooperate to improve the quality of external constant temperature heating. The patent uses a water ring vacuum pump, a water-water heat exchanger and a water source heat pump to form the main working unit, so as to consume a small amount of high-grade electric energy, extract the heat from the low-grade working fluid of the gas extraction equipment, and generate high-grade energy.

[0006] In view of the above analysis, the technical problems that urgently need to be solved in the existing technology are: during coal mining, a large amount of gas cannot be efficiently extracted and is directly discharged into the tunnel, and the extracted gas cannot be efficiently stored and utilized, but is directly discharged into the air, causing environmental pollution and waste of resources.

[0007] (1) Due to the characteristics of high initial gas content and high gas pressure in high-gas mines, it is difficult to control mine gas with a single extraction method using existing technology, and the effect is not ideal and the extraction effect cannot be achieved.

[0008] (2) Existing gas extraction technologies do not have a comprehensive extraction method that takes into account extraction location, extraction time, and ground stress conditions.

[0009] (3) The existing technologies are highly independent and have not yet achieved one-stop production of gas extraction, gas prevention and control, and gas utilization.

[0010] (4) Although the existing technology can reduce the emission of waste heat, it can only reduce the emission of about 20% of the total gas content. It still causes a waste of resources for the effective utilization of a large amount of gas at the front end of extraction.

[0011] (5) Existing technologies cannot achieve recycling and require replacement of related materials, resulting in high subsequent maintenance costs. Summary of the invention

[0012] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system and method. Research is carried out on the gas drainage layout of high-gas mines. Through a comprehensive gas drainage method that combines the pre-drainage of coal seam gas before mining, the gas drainage at the upper corner, and the triple effect of coal seam pressure relief, the residual gas in the coal seam can be effectively drained, and the gas is connected to the gas enrichment, storage, and utilization device through the gas drainage pipeline to achieve the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction. The coal mines applicable to the present invention have a wide range, the device can be recycled, and at the same time, no new waste residues, waste liquids, and waste gases are added.

[0013] The present invention is realized as follows. A high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system includes a gas drainage device, an air compressor, a fine water mist dust removal device, a gas demisting device, a gas enrichment device, a harmful gas treatment device, a waste heat recovery device, a gas storage tank, a drainage pump, a gas power generation device, a gas combustion device, a waste heat utilization device, and a boiler. The gas drained by the gas drainage device is pushed through the gas transportation pipeline by the air compressor into the fine water mist dust removal device, and the fine water mist dust removal device will discharge the coal dust and dust carried by water from the bottom. The gas passing through the fine water mist dust removal enters the gas demisting device to ensure the dryness of the gas. Subsequently, the gas enters the gas enrichment device, and the enriched gas is input into the gas storage tank to store the gas. Finally, the enriched gas is input into the gas power generation device and the gas combustion device by the gas drainage pump.

[0014] Furthermore, there are two gas transportation pipelines. One is the main road formed by the transportation pipeline, and the other for gas enrichment is the branch road, ensuring that gas power generation can still be carried out after the gas enrichment device fails and guaranteeing the basic life of the coal mine.

[0015] Furthermore, the electricity generated by gas power generation can provide electricity for the gas drainage device and the basic living electricity of the mine, etc., and the waste heat will also be applied to other aspects by the heat exchanger; the heat generated by the gas combustion device will be introduced into the boiler and used for aspects such as mine heating and hot water supply, etc., realizing the maximum utilization of gas energy and improving economic benefits.

[0016] Furthermore, harmful gas treatment devices are installed in the gas drainage station, the gas enrichment device, and the gas power generation device to ensure the harmlessness of the discharged gas.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction method applying the above-mentioned high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system, including:

[0018] S1, carry out theoretical analysis before construction. By conducting research on high-gas mines, understand the distribution status of coal seams and rock strata in the strata, hydrogeological conditions, and rock mass stress distribution, etc., and determine the coal seam geological conditions and gas transportation and storage laws;

[0019] S2. Before the full-mechanized mining face in a high-gas mine starts mining, by carrying out hydraulic fracturing and permeability enhancement on the coal seam, the spatial volume of fractures is increased, the porosity of the coal body and the connectivity between primary fractures are increased, and pre-mining gas drainage is carried out on the coal seam to reduce the gas content of the coal seam. At the same time, the situation of waste of resources caused by the gas gas gushing out to the working face during the coal seam mining process is reduced, so as to do a good job in the preliminary preparation for the extraction of pressure-relieved gas;

[0020] S3. In the initial stage of the full-mechanized mining face in a high-gas mine, through continuous pre-mining gas drainage in the early stage, the gas content of the coal seam is greatly reduced. After that, as the coal seam is mined, gas extraction pipelines are laid at the upper corner, and the gas is extracted by using the negative pressure difference between the gas and the external atmospheric pressure, so that the air pressure in the extraction pipeline is balanced with the external atmospheric pressure, thereby reducing the gas concentration in the working face and reducing the direct discharge of gas into the atmosphere through the return airway;

[0021] S4. In the middle and late stages of the full-mechanized mining face in a high-gas mine, the extraction effect of the pre-extraction boreholes gradually weakens. While laying extraction pipelines at the upper corner to supplement the extraction of gas, high-level boreholes arranged above the coal seam roof or in the goaf during the coal seam mining process are mainly used. These holes can penetrate the coal seam roof and enter the fracture development area, and the pressure-relieved gas is extracted by using the pressure difference inside the coal seam;

[0022] S5. The gas extracted to the ground through the extraction pipeline is stored and utilized through a gas concentration device, a gas storage device and a gas utilization device. While ensuring that there is no direct discharge of gas into the atmosphere, the gas resources are fully utilized for power generation, achieving the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0023] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor. When the computer program stored in the memory is executed by the processor, the processor executes the steps of the high-gas mine high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction method.

[0024] Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor causes the processor to execute the steps of the high-gas mine high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction method.

[0025] Another object of the present invention is to provide an information data processing terminal, which includes the high-gas mine high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction system.

[0026] Combined with the above technical solutions and the technical problems solved, the advantages and positive effects of the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention are:

[0027] First, the problem to be solved by the present invention is that during coal mining, a large amount of gas cannot be efficiently extracted and is directly discharged into the tunnel, and the extracted gas cannot be efficiently stored and utilized, but is directly discharged into the air, causing environmental pollution and waste of resources. This patent provides an efficient energy-saving and emission reduction system and method for high-gas mines.

[0028] (1) Propose an energy-saving and emission-reduction system for high-gas mines

[0029] By investigating the existing gas extraction technology in high-gas mines, optimizing the gas layout, mastering the gas extraction theory of fully-mechanized caving working faces in thick coal seams, comprehensively considering the advantages of extraction methods in different mining periods, and combining the triple effects of coal seam gas pre-extraction before mining, upper corner gas extraction, and coal seam pressure unloading, an energy-saving and emission reduction system suitable for high-gas mines is formed.

[0030] (2) Master the optimization methods for gas energy conservation and emission reduction

[0031] Gas is extracted through gas extraction pipelines, and a gas concentration, gas storage and gas utilization model is constructed, including a concentration tank, a storage tank and a utilization device. The amount of gas directly discharged into the atmosphere is reduced in a variety of ways, achieving the dual goals of protecting the environment and utilizing resources.

[0032] The present invention realizes gas control in different periods of coal mining and gas prevention and control locations, realizes safe production in coal mines, increases the safety of workers, improves production economic benefits, and avoids economic losses to a certain extent.

[0033] The present invention increases the utilization rate of gas by purifying the extracted gas and using a concentration device, thereby reducing the environmental harm caused by gas discharge.

[0034] The present invention supplies electricity to a gas extraction station and coal mine life through gas power generation circulation, thereby reducing the cost of gas extraction and utilization.

[0035] The present invention circulates the gas combustion device to supply heating for daily life in the mine, circulates the heat for the gas concentration device, and reduces the daily life cost.

[0036] Second, as auxiliary evidence of the inventiveness of the claims of the present invention, it is also reflected in the following important aspects:

[0037] (1) The expected benefits and commercial value of the technical solution of the present invention after transformation are:

[0038] Expected benefits: The technical solution of the present invention has reliable economic benefits after implementation. The establishment of the gas drainage and utilization system reduces the consumption of raw coal and the production cost of the mine. During the gas power generation process, a large amount of high-temperature tail gas is generated. Through waste heat utilization technology, the heat in these tail gases can be converted into steam to provide heat sources for the production and life of the mine, further reducing energy consumption. Gas is a greenhouse gas with a greenhouse effect 21 times that of CO2. Through gas power generation and waste heat utilization, the amount of gas directly discharged into the atmosphere can be greatly reduced, thus reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases. Through gas power generation technology, the gas extracted from the mine is converted into electric energy, which not only provides a stable power supply for the mine but also can sell the excess power to the power grid to obtain additional economic benefits. According to relevant data, 1 m 3 of pure gas with a concentration of 100% can generate 3.2 - 4 kWh of electricity, which means that a large amount of gas can be effectively utilized and converted into considerable electric energy.

[0039] Commercial value: The establishment of the gas drainage and utilization system helps to reduce the gas concentration in the mine, achieve gas prevention and control, reduce the occurrence of safety accidents such as gas explosions, and ensure the safety of employees' lives and property. Gas power generation and waste heat utilization technologies achieve the circular utilization of energy, which conforms to the development concept of circular economy. The popularization and application of this efficient energy-saving and emission-reduction system will promote the coal industry to develop in a more environmentally friendly and sustainable direction.

[0040] (2) The technical solution of the present invention fills the technical gaps at home and abroad in the industry:

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention reduces coal resource waste, reduces the roadway driving scale, and solves the problem of gas accumulation at the upper corner of the working face. The successful implementation of this system not only improves the output and efficiency of the mine but also fundamentally improves the mine's safe production environment, filling the gaps in the optimization of production systems in high-gas thick coal seam mines at home and abroad. This technical solution has achieved innovations in aspects such as gas utilization technology, production system optimization, and energy-saving and emission-reduction management, breaking multiple industry gaps in the fields of coal mining and gas utilization at home and abroad.

[0042] (3) The technical solution of the present invention overcomes technical prejudices:

[0043] The technical solution of the present invention breaks the technical prejudice in traditional concepts that high-gas mines are often regarded as high-energy-consuming and highly polluting. However, the implementation of the efficient energy-saving and emission-reduction system and method significantly reduces the energy consumption and pollution emissions of the mine through measures such as gas drainage and utilization, lighting and power consumption energy saving, and waste heat utilization. This not only breaks the prejudice that high-gas mines are necessarily high-energy-consuming and highly polluting but also demonstrates the great potential of the coal industry in energy-saving and emission-reduction.

[0044] Moreover, it breaks the prejudice that energy conservation and emission reduction are contradictory to economic benefits. The implementation of the high-gas mine efficient energy conservation and emission reduction system and method proves that energy conservation and emission reduction and economic benefits can promote each other. By implementing energy conservation and emission reduction measures, enterprises can reduce energy consumption and pollution emissions, and cut production costs and environmental protection expenses. Technologies such as gas power generation and waste heat utilization can also bring additional economic benefits to enterprises. This transformation breaks the prejudice that energy conservation and emission reduction are contradictory to economic benefits, providing new impetus for the sustainable development of the coal industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 is the structural diagram of the high-gas mine efficient energy conservation and emission reduction system provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 is the flowchart of the high-gas mine efficient energy conservation and emission reduction method provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 is the plan layout diagram of the pre-drainage boreholes and the buried pipe in the upper corner of the fully mechanized coal mining face in the high-gas mine provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 is the plan layout diagram of the high-level boreholes in the fully mechanized coal mining face in the high-gas mine provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the gas control effect in the upper corner and the return airway provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 is the schematic diagram of the coal seam gas extraction effect provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the gas power generation amount provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] In the figures: 1. Gas extraction device; 2. Air compressor; 3. Fine water mist dust removal device; 4. Gas demisting device; 5. Gas concentration increasing device; 6. Hazardous gas treatment device; 7. Waste heat utilization device; 8. Gas storage tank; 9. Extraction pump; 10. Gas power generation device; 11. Gas combustion device; 12. Waste heat utilization device; 13. Boiler; 14. Working face; 15. Coal seam gas pre-drainage borehole; 16. Intake airway; 17. Return airway; 18. Buried pipe extraction pipeline; 19. Upper corner of the working face; 20. Gas sealing wall; 21. Extraction source; 22. Goaf; 23. Coal seam; 24. High-level borehole; 25. High-level borehole pressure difference; 26. High-level drill site. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0053] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0054] The high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system provided by the present invention includes a gas drainage device 1, an air compressor 2, a fine water mist dust removal device 3, a gas demisting device 4, a gas enrichment device 5, a harmful gas treatment device 6, a waste heat utilization device 7, a gas storage tank 8, a drainage pump 9, a gas power generation device 10, a gas combustion device 11, a waste heat utilization device 12 and a boiler 13; the gas drained by the gas drainage device 1 is pushed into the fine water mist dust removal device 3 via the gas transportation pipeline by the air compressor 2, and the fine water mist dust removal device 3 will discharge the coal dust and dust wrapped by water from the bottom; the gas passing through the fine water mist dust removal enters the gas demisting device 4 to ensure the dryness of the gas; subsequently, the gas enters the gas enrichment device 5, and the enriched gas is input into the gas storage tank 8 for gas storage, and finally the enriched gas is input into the gas power generation device 10 and the gas combustion device 11 by the gas drainage pump 9.

[0055] Furthermore, there are two gas transportation pipelines. One is the main road formed by the transportation pipeline, and the other for gas enrichment is the branch road, ensuring that gas power generation can still be carried out after the gas enrichment device 5 fails, and guaranteeing the basic life of the coal mine.

[0056] Furthermore, the electricity generated by gas power generation can provide electricity for the gas drainage device 1 and the basic life electricity of the mine, etc., and the waste heat will also be applied to other aspects by the heat exchanger; the heat generated by the gas combustion device 11 will be introduced into the boiler 13 and used for aspects such as mine heating and hot water supply, realizing the maximum utilization of gas energy and improving economic benefits.

[0057] Furthermore, harmful gas treatment devices 6 are installed on the gas drainage device 1, the gas enrichment device 5 and the gas power generation device 10 to ensure the harmlessness of the discharged gas.

[0058] The high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system realizes the efficient drainage, purification, enrichment, utilization and harmless treatment of gas through the coordinated work of a series of equipment. First, the gas is extracted from the mine by the gas drainage device station 1 and transported to the air compressor 2 through the gas transportation pipeline. The air compressor pressurizes the gas and pushes it into the fine water mist dust removal device 3. In the fine water mist dust removal device, the gas comes into contact with the high-pressure fine water mist, and the fine water mist wraps the coal dust and dust, and the impurities are discharged from the bottom of the device by gravity, thereby realizing the preliminary purification of the gas.

[0059] The purified gas is transported to the gas demisting device 4 to further remove the water mist and moisture in the gas, ensuring the dryness and purity of the gas. Subsequently, the dry gas enters the gas enrichment device 5, and the methane concentration of the gas is increased through separation technology, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the gas. The enriched gas is stored in the gas storage tank 8 and is diverted to the gas power generation device 10 and the gas combustion device 11 through the extraction pump 9 to meet the energy requirements of the mine.

[0060] The gas power generation device 10 uses the enriched gas as fuel for power generation. The generated electric energy is not only used for the operation of the gas extraction device 1, but also provides guarantee for the basic living electricity consumption in the mining area. The gas combustion device 11 generates heat by burning gas, and the heat is introduced into the boiler 13 for heating and hot water supply in the mining area. In addition, the waste heat generated during the gas power generation process is recovered through the waste heat utilization device 7 or the heat exchange device for other industrial production needs, further improving the energy utilization efficiency.

[0061] In the whole system, the gas extraction device 1, the gas enrichment device 5 and the gas power generation device 10 are all equipped with harmful gas treatment devices 6 to ensure that harmful components such as sulfides and carbon monoxide in the tail gas are effectively removed, meeting the requirement of harmless emission. This design not only reduces environmental pollution, but also meets the requirements of clean production, realizing the efficient utilization of gas resources and the maximization of economic benefits.

[0062] Another object of the present invention is to provide a high-gas mine high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction method applying the high-gas mine high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction system, including:

[0063] S1, conduct theoretical analysis before construction. By investigating the high-gas mine, understand the distribution state of coal seams 23 and rock strata in the stratum, hydrogeological conditions, rock mass stress distribution, etc., and determine the geological conditions of coal seams 23 and the gas transportation and storage laws;

[0064] S2, before the coal mining face 14 in the high-gas mine is mined, carry out hydraulic fracturing to increase the permeability of the coal seam 23, increase the spatial volume of the fissures, increase the porosity of the coal body and the connectivity between the primary fissures, and carry out pre-extraction of gas from the coal seam 23 before mining to reduce the gas content in the coal seam 23. At the same time, reduce the waste of resources caused by the gas gushing from the coal seam 23 to the working face 14 during the mining process of the coal seam 23, and do the preliminary preparation work for the extraction of pressure-relieved gas;

[0065] S3. In the initial stage of the fully mechanized mining face 14 in a high-gas mine, through continuous pre-mining gas pre-drainage in the early stage, the gas content of coal seam 23 has been greatly reduced. After that, as coal seam 23 is mined, a gas extraction pipeline is laid at the upper corner, and by using the negative pressure difference between the gas and the external atmospheric pressure, the gas is extracted, so that the air pressure in the extraction pipeline is balanced with the external atmospheric pressure, thereby reducing the gas concentration in the working face 14 and reducing the direct discharge of gas into the atmosphere through the return airway.

[0066] S4. In the middle and late stages of the mining of the fully mechanized mining face 14 in a high-gas mine, the extraction effect of the pre-drainage boreholes gradually weakens. While laying an extraction pipeline at the upper corner to supplement the gas extraction, the main application is the high-level boreholes 24 arranged above the roof of coal seam 23 or in the goaf 22 during the mining process of coal seam 23. These boreholes can penetrate the roof of coal seam 23 and enter the fissure-developed area, and use the pressure difference inside coal seam 23 to extract the pressure-relieved gas.

[0067] S5. The gas extracted to the ground through the extraction pipeline is stored and utilized through the gas enrichment device 5, gas storage device and gas utilization device, ensuring that there is no direct discharge of gas into the atmosphere while fully utilizing the gas resource for power generation, achieving the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0068] (1) The present invention combines the advantages of gas extraction methods such as pre-fracturing, pre-drainage, and pressure relief in different mining periods of the fully mechanized mining face 14 in a high-gas mine to determine and construct a time-sharing gas extraction technology system for the fully mechanized mining face 14 in a high-gas mine. Through the hydraulic fracturing and permeability enhancement technology in the early stage of the mining of the fully mechanized mining face 14, the permeability of coal seam 23 is increased and pre-drainage is carried out. In the early stage of the mining of the fully mechanized mining face 14, the gas emissions in the high-gas mine are reduced by burying pipes at the upper corner. In the later stage of the mining of the fully mechanized mining face 14, the gas in the goaf 22 is extracted through the high-level boreholes 24, forming a multi-measure collaborative and progressive gas extraction system in different periods, effectively solving the problems of poor extraction effect of single measures and cross-influence of multiple methods, improving the gas extraction effect, and providing an important boost to the safe production of the mine.

[0069] (2) The present invention constructs a time-sharing collaborative pressure relief gas extraction time layout for different mining periods of the fully mechanized mining face 14 in a high-gas mine, fully considers the pressure relief gas extraction conditions, and through reasonable allocation of the extraction methods in different mining periods, forms a time-sharing extraction method for the gas and pressure relief gas of coal seam 23 in the fully mechanized mining face 14 in a high-gas mine, effectively improving the gas extraction flow rate, extraction concentration and on-site gas extraction effect, achieving the standard of the comprehensive evaluation result of the gas extraction system, and ensuring safe and efficient mining.

[0070] (3) Through pre-drainage before mining, the present invention realizes an increase in the permeability of coal seam 23 and a reduction in the gas content before the fully mechanized mining of the working face 14 in a high-gas mine, which is in line with the current development trend of high-gas mines.

[0071] (4) By implementing the technology of gas drainage through buried pipes at the upper corner of the fully mechanized mining face in high-gas coal mines, the present invention solves the problem of gas overrun at the upper corner of the working face and in the return air roadway, reduces the direct discharge of gas into the atmosphere, and provides a strong guarantee for the safe coal mining of the working face.

[0072] (5) The present invention comprehensively considers the three periods of "before coal mining, initial stage of coal mining, middle stage of coal mining, and end stage of coal mining" before the fully mechanized mining of the working face in high-gas coal mines, reasonably arranges the gas drainage methods in each period, comprehensively considers the gas storage and transportation characteristics in different periods, and determines the time-sharing collaborative and efficient gas drainage method for the fully mechanized mining face in high-gas coal mines.

[0073] (6) Through the gas transmission pipeline, the present invention transports the gas in the three periods of "before coal mining, initial stage of coal mining, middle stage of coal mining, and end stage of coal mining" of the fully mechanized mining face in high-gas coal mines to the subsequent devices, and through the gas high-efficiency concentration increase, storage and utilization model, the gas is fully utilized without waste gas production.

[0074] The high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction system for high-gas coal mines has a wide range of application fields, covering multiple aspects such as coal mining, gas utilization, gas control, power production, waste heat recovery, and environmental protection. The application of the present invention can not only improve the safety and production efficiency of the mine, but also realize the maximization of resource utilization and environmental protection.

[0075] In January 2024, the National Energy Administration announced the first batch of demonstration projects for the efficient drainage and utilization of coal mine gas, including the demonstration project for the efficient drainage of combined surface and underground gas in the high-gas outburst mine of Shanxi Baode Coal Mine of Shenhua Group, and the demonstration project for the efficient drainage of gas by horizontal wells on the ground in the soft, low-permeability and high-gas outburst coal seams in Huainan Mining Area, Anhui Province, etc. The experimental scheme of the present invention can not only achieve the efficient drainage of gas, ensure the gas prevention and control problems, but also achieve the clean utilization of gas, achieve energy conservation and emission reduction, and integrate gas drainage, control and utilization.

[0076] The technical solution mentioned in the present invention can not only achieve the efficient drainage of gas and the comprehensive treatment of gas, but also the proposed comprehensive utilization of gas makes up for the gap in the connection between gas drainage technology and gas utilization technology, has extremely high practical value and broad application prospects, and makes an important contribution to achieving the goals of energy conservation and emission reduction and sustainable development.

[0077] The present invention is currently put into use in a certain high-gas coal mine in Guizhou, ensuring that no gas overrun accidents occur in the mine. Combining the comprehensive drainage method of the triple effects of pre-drainage of coal seam gas before mining, gas drainage at the upper corner, and coal seam pressure relief, the gas control effect on the upper corner and the return air roadway is remarkable, and the gas concentration is controlled below 1%. The gas control effect on the upper corner and the return air roadway is as Figure 5 shown. The gas drainage effect of the coal seam is increased by the arrangement of drainage boreholes, and the gas drainage effect diagram is as Figure 6As shown, based on the extraction effect of coal seam gas, the utilization of extracted coal seam gas has been greatly improved. The gas generated by the gas generator has a large power output, and the gas power generation is as Figure 7 shown.

[0078] Example 1: Integrated operation system for gas extraction and power generation

[0079] Located in a high-gas mine, the daily average gas extraction volume is 2,000 cubic meters, the mine's electricity demand is 3,000 degrees per day, and at the same time, the mine's basic living needs hot water and heating supply.

[0080] 1) Gas extraction

[0081] The gas extraction device 1 extracts gas to the ground treatment system through the underground gas extraction pipeline network. The extracted gas is pressurized by the air compressor 2 and then sent into the fine water mist dust removal device 3. The coal dust and dust are discharged after being wrapped by the water mist, reducing the particulate matter content in the gas.

[0082] 2) Gas purification and enrichment

[0083] The gas after fine water mist dust removal is sent into the gas demisting device 4 for further drying. The dried gas enters the gas enrichment device 5, and the gas concentration is increased from the original 30% to 60% through technologies such as adsorption and membrane separation.

[0084] 3) Gas storage and power generation

[0085] The enriched gas enters the gas storage tank 8 for storage. The gas storage tank is connected to the extraction pump 9 to transport the gas to the gas power generation device 10 for power generation. The daily average gas power generation is 3,500 degrees, of which 3,000 degrees are used for the mine operation and domestic electricity, and the rest is for external sales.

[0086] 4) Waste heat utilization

[0087] The waste heat generated by the gas power generation device is recovered by the waste heat utilization device 7 and introduced into the boiler 13 through the waste heat utilization device 12, which is used for the mine heating supply and hot water production, realizing the secondary utilization of gas heat energy, and the heating area reaches 5,000 square meters.

[0088] 5) Environmental protection treatment

[0089] The gas extraction device 1, the gas enrichment device 5, and the gas power generation device 10 are all equipped with harmful gas treatment devices 6. The sulfides and carbon monoxide in the discharged gas reach the environmental protection standards after adsorption treatment, reducing pollution.

[0090] Technical effects:

[0091] The gas utilization rate is increased to more than 95%;

[0092] An energy self - sufficient system is achieved, reducing the cost of purchasing external electricity.

[0093] The overall heating and hot water supply of the mine rely on the waste heat system, significantly saving the coal - burning cost.

[0094] Example 2: Dual - system operation of gas combustion and heat energy recovery

[0095] Located in a northern mine, the demand for heating supply in winter is high. The daily gas extraction volume is 1500 cubic meters, and the heating area is about 10000 square meters.

[0096] 1) Gas extraction and preliminary purification

[0097] The extracted gas is input into the air compressor 2 through the gas extraction device 1. After removing dust through the fine water mist dust removal device 3, it is dried through the gas demisting device 4 to obtain clean gas.

[0098] 2) Gas enrichment and diversion

[0099] The gas passes through the enrichment device 5 to increase the concentration from 25% to 55%. Part of the enriched gas is sent to the gas storage tank 8 for standby for gas power generation; the other part is directly sent to the gas combustion device 11 through the gas transportation pipeline.

[0100] 3) Gas combustion and heat energy utilization

[0101] The gas combustion device 11 introduces the heat generated by gas combustion into the boiler 13 for the heating and hot water supply of the mine. The daily heating capacity can reach 10000 square meters, ensuring the heating demand in winter.

[0102] 4) Backup system guarantee

[0103] If the gas enrichment device 5 fails, the gas is directly transported to the gas power generation device 10 through the main transportation route to ensure the stability of the mine power supply and equipment operation.

[0104] 5) Environmental protection treatment and emission control

[0105] The gas combustion device 11 is equipped with a harmful gas treatment device 6 to purify the flue gas generated by combustion. The desulfurization efficiency reaches 98%, and the emissions meet the national standards.

[0106] Technical effects:

[0107] The heating energy of the mine is completely provided by the gas combustion device, saving the operation cost of traditional coal - fired boilers;

[0108] The combined operation of multiple systems ensures the efficiency and safety of the mine energy supply;

[0109] The supporting environmental protection treatment equipment significantly reduces environmental pollution.

[0110] As described above, it is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An efficient energy-saving and emission-reduction system for high-gas mines, characterized in that Including: Gas drainage device, air compressor, fine water mist dust removal device, gas demisting device, gas enrichment device, harmful gas treatment device, waste heat recuperator, gas storage tank, extraction pump, gas power generation device, gas combustion device, waste heat utilization device and boiler; The gas extracted by the gas drainage device is transported to the air compressor through the gas transportation pipeline. The air compressor pushes the gas into the fine water mist dust removal device, and the fine water mist dust removal device entangles coal dust and dust with the fine water mist and discharges them from the bottom; The gas dust-removed by the fine water mist is transported to the gas demisting device for drying treatment; the dried gas enters the gas enrichment device for enrichment treatment, and the enriched gas is stored in the gas storage tank; finally, the enriched gas is shunted to the gas power generation device and the gas combustion device through the extraction pump for power generation and heat supply.

2. The high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system according to claim 1, wherein The gas transportation pipeline includes a main transportation pipeline and a branch transportation pipeline. The main transportation pipeline is used to transport gas to the gas enrichment device, and the branch transportation pipeline is used to directly transport gas to the gas power generation device and the gas combustion device when the gas enrichment device fails to ensure the continuous operation of the system.

3. The high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that The electric energy generated by the gas power generation device is used for the electricity demand of the gas drainage device and the mine infrastructure; the heat energy generated by the gas combustion device is introduced into the boiler through the heat exchange device to provide heating and hot water for the mining area.

4. The high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Harmful gas treatment devices are connected to the gas drainage device, the gas enrichment device and the gas power generation device respectively to remove harmful components in the gas and ensure the harmlessness of the discharged gas.

5. The high-gas mine high-efficiency energy-saving and emission-reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two gas transportation pipelines. One is the main road formed by the transportation pipeline, and the other is the branch road for gas enrichment, ensuring that gas power generation can still be carried out after the gas enrichment device fails.

6. The high-gas mine efficient energy-saving and emission-reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that The electricity generated by gas power generation provides electricity for the gas drainage device and the basic living electricity consumption in the mine, and the waste heat is utilized by the heat exchanger; the heat generated by the gas combustion device is introduced into the boiler and used for mine heating and hot water supply, realizing the maximum utilization of gas energy.

7. The high-gas mine efficient energy-saving and emission-reduction system according to claim 1, characterized in that, Harmful gas treatment devices are installed on the gas drainage device, the gas enrichment device and the gas power generation device respectively to ensure the harmlessness of the discharged gas.

8. A high-gas mine high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction method applying the high-gas mine high-efficiency energy conservation and emission reduction system described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Including: S1, Conduct theoretical analysis before construction. By investigating high-gas mines, understand the distribution state of coal seams and rock strata, hydrogeological conditions, rock mass stress distribution, etc. in the strata, and determine the coal seam geological conditions and gas migration and storage laws; S2, Before the fully mechanized caving face in the high-gas mine is mined, carry out hydraulic fracturing to increase the permeability of the coal seam, increase the spatial volume of the fissures, increase the porosity of the coal body and the connectivity between the primary fissures, and carry out pre-extraction of gas before coal mining to reduce the gas content in the coal seam. At the same time, reduce the waste of resources caused by the gas gushing out to the working face during the coal mining process, and do a good job in the preliminary preparation for pressure-relief gas drainage; S3. In the initial stage of fully mechanized caving face mining in high-gas mines, through continuous pre-extraction of gas before mining in the early stage, the gas content in the coal seam is greatly reduced. After that, with the coal seam mining, gas extraction pipelines are laid at the upper corner. Utilizing the negative pressure difference between the gas and the external atmospheric pressure, the gas is extracted, making the air pressure in the extraction pipeline balance with the external atmospheric pressure, thereby reducing the gas concentration in the working face and reducing the direct discharge of gas into the atmosphere through the return airway; S4. In the middle and late stages of fully mechanized caving face mining in high-gas mines, the extraction effect of pre-extraction boreholes gradually weakens. While laying extraction pipelines at the upper corner to supplement gas extraction, high-level boreholes arranged above the coal seam roof or in the goaf during the coal seam mining process are mainly applied. These boreholes can penetrate the coal seam roof and enter the area with developed fractures, and utilize the pressure difference inside the coal seam to extract the pressure-relieved gas; S5. The gas extracted to the ground through the extraction pipeline is stored and utilized through a gas enrichment device, a gas storage device and a gas utilization device. While ensuring that there is no direct discharge of gas into the atmosphere, the gas resource is fully utilized for power generation, achieving the purpose of energy conservation and emission reduction.

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