Target device for photogrammetry of unmanned aerial vehicle and use method of target device

Abstract

The invention discloses a target device for photogrammetry of an unmanned aerial vehicle and a using method of the target device. The target device comprises a transverse plate, and a rotating mechanism is arranged at the top end of the transverse plate; the rotating mechanism comprises a supporting frame, a supporting rod, a first electric telescopic rod, a first transverse rod, a first rotating plate, a second transverse rod, a second electric telescopic rod, a third transverse rod, a second rotating plate, a fourth transverse rod, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a top plate, the supporting frame is arranged at the top end of the transverse plate, and the supporting rod is installed on one side of the supporting frame. According to the target device for unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry and the use method thereof, free replacement of the target of the target device for unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry is realized through structures such as a transverse plate, supporting legs, positioning pins, a supporting frame, a gear motor, a lead screw, a slide way, a clamping plate, a fixed block, a telescopic rod, a spring, a clamping block and a groove; in order to meet different unmanned aerial vehicles or different measurement requirements, different requirements are provided for the pattern on the target surface.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of UAV aerial survey equipment, and particularly to a target device for UAV photogrammetry and its usage method. Background Art

[0002] UAV aerial photogrammetry is a technology that uses a UAV to carry a high-resolution camera and other sensors to take pictures in the air to obtain surface information. In this way, high-precision two-dimensional and three-dimensional data can be obtained for multiple fields such as map making, urban planning, land management, agricultural monitoring, environmental assessment, and infrastructure design. During this process, a ground target is essential, which provides a reliable reference for the precise positioning of the UAV and the accurate processing of image data, and plays a crucial role in UAV aerial photogrammetry.

[0003] The utility model patent with the publication number CN220039450U discloses a ground target for UAV aerial photogrammetry. The prior art includes a ground target board, a height adjustment component, and a support and positioning component. The center of the bottom of the ground target board is connected to the support and positioning component through the height adjustment component; the height adjustment component includes a positioning sleeve. In the present invention, by designing a rotating rod, the rotating shaft is driven to rotate. The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the driving gear to rotate, and the driving gear drives the rack to move downward, thereby pushing the conical positioning post downward, that is, driving the conical positioning post into the ground surface where the target is placed.

[0004] Through the above method, the utility model effectively solves the problem that the current ground target is placed on the ground surface through a tripod, and thus is easily affected by the external environment and causes the ground target to tilt. However, there is still room for improvement in this prior art:

[0005] 1. In the prior art, its target board is fixed on the height adjustment component, which means it cannot be freely replaced. However, the pattern design of the ground target in UAV aerial photogrammetry is crucial for ensuring the quality and accuracy of photogrammetry data. Different UAVs or different measurement requirements put forward different requirements for the pattern on the target surface. Therefore, it is often necessary to replace it. In this case, in the prior art, only the entire device can be replaced or the sticker coating method can be adopted, with low operation efficiency and high cost.

[0006] 2. In the existing technology, the angle of the target board is fixed and cannot be adjusted. This means that it may be difficult to be accurately identified and measured under certain lighting conditions. This may lead to a reduction in the quality and accuracy of the UAV photogrammetry data. And in practical applications, the UAV may need to conduct photography on the ground from different angles and heights. If the angle of the target is fixed, it may not be able to meet all shooting requirements, especially when a specific angle or field of view is needed. In the face of such problems, the existing technology cannot solve them.

[0007] In view of this, it is necessary to improve the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a target device for UAV photogrammetry and its usage method to solve the problems put forward in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0009] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A target device for UAV photogrammetry, including a horizontal plate, and a rotating mechanism is arranged at the top end of the horizontal plate;

[0010] The rotating mechanism includes a support frame, a support rod, a first electric telescopic rod, a first cross bar, a first rotating plate, a second cross bar, a second electric telescopic rod, a third cross bar, a second rotating plate, a fourth cross bar, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod and a top plate;

[0011] A support frame is arranged at the top end of the horizontal plate. One side of the support frame is provided with a support rod. One end of a first electric telescopic rod is axially connected inside the support rod. The other end of the first electric telescopic rod is welded with a first cross bar. First rotating plates are welded at both the left and right ends of the first cross bar. The central position of the first rotating plate is rotationally connected with the support frame through a pin shaft. A second cross bar is installed inside the top end of the first rotating plate. One end of a second electric telescopic rod is axially connected at the central position of the second cross bar. The other end of the second electric telescopic rod is axially connected with a third cross bar. Second rotating plates are welded at both ends of the third cross bar. The central position of the second rotating plate is rotationally connected with the support frame through a pin shaft. A fourth cross bar is welded inside the bottom end of the second rotating plate. First connecting rods are welded on the front and rear sides of the outer wall of the left side of the fourth cross bar. Second connecting rods are welded on the front and rear sides of the outer wall of the left side of the first cross bar. A top plate is bolted to one side of each of the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod;

[0012] A clamping mechanism is arranged inside the top plate;

[0013] The clamping mechanism includes a lead screw, a clamping plate, a slide way, a fixed block, a groove, a telescopic rod, a clamping block, a spring and a reduction motor;

[0014] Both the upper and lower ends of the top plate are axially connected with lead screws in the left - right direction. One side of each of the upper and lower lead screws is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a reduction motor, and the reduction motor is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top plate. On both the left and right sides of the outer wall of the lead screw, there are screw - connected clamping plates. On the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the top plate, there are sliding grooves. The front and rear ends of the clamping plates are fitted into the sliding grooves. The inner side of the clamping plate is bolt - connected with a fixing block. The inner side of the fixing block is provided with a groove. One end of a telescopic rod is installed in the inner cavity of the groove, and the other end of the telescopic rod is installed with a clamping block. A target is clamped inside the clamping block, and a spring is sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod.

[0015] Preferably, legs are installed at the four corners of the bottom end of the cross - plate, and positioning pins are inserted into the outer walls of the legs.

[0016] Preferably, the number of the support rods is two, and they are evenly distributed on the left and right sides at the bottom end of the first electric telescopic rod.

[0017] Preferably, one end of the spring abuts against the inner wall of the groove, and the other end abuts against the clamping block.

[0018] Preferably, the clamping block is a semi - circular clamping block.

[0019] Preferably, the threads on the left and right sides of the outer wall of the lead screw have opposite helix directions.

[0020] Preferably, the shapes of the first rotating plate and the second rotating plate are both "L" - shaped.

[0021] Preferably, the inner side of the fixing block is provided with a semi - circular groove.

[0022] Preferably, the telescopic rod is a cylindrical rod sleeved inside a cylindrical tube, and the number of the telescopic rods is at least one, and they are evenly and spacedly distributed on the outer wall of the inner side of the fixing block.

[0023] A method for using a target device for UAV photogrammetry includes the following steps:

[0024] S1. Place the device on the ground and fix it with the positioning pin;

[0025] S2. Place the target inside the clamping block;

[0026] S3. Start the reduction motor;

[0027] S4. The movement of the reduction motor drives the front and rear lead screws to move in opposite directions. The movement of the front and rear lead screws in opposite directions drives the left and right clamping plates to move inward simultaneously. The simultaneous inward movement of the left and right clamping plates clamps the target through structures such as the fixing block, groove, telescopic rod, spring, and clamping block.

[0028] S5. Stretch the first electric telescopic rod through an external control system;

[0029] S6. While the first electric telescopic rod rotates counterclockwise inside the support rod, the first electric telescopic rod drives the second rotating plate to rotate counterclockwise, and the left end of the second rotating plate pushes the target upward through the second connecting rod;

[0030] S7. Contract the second electric telescopic rod through an external control system;

[0031] S8. The second electric telescopic rod drives the first rotating plate to rotate clockwise, and the first rotating plate drives the recording plate to rotate clockwise through the first connecting rod, realizing the adjustment of the target angle.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0033] 1. For the target device for UAV photogrammetry and its usage method, through structures such as the cross plate, support legs, positioning pins, support frame, reduction motor, lead screw, slideway, clamping plate, fixed block, telescopic rod, spring, clamping block, groove, etc., the target of the target device for UAV photogrammetry can be freely replaced, so as to meet different requirements for the patterns on the target surface due to different UAVs or different measurement needs.

[0034] 2. For the target device for UAV photogrammetry and its usage method, through structures such as the support rod, first cross bar, second cross bar, second electric telescopic rod, third cross bar, fourth cross bar, second rotating plate, first connecting rod, second connecting rod, card slot, etc., the rotation and height adjustment of the target are realized, which is applicable to different usage requirements, and is easily and accurately recognized and measured under certain lighting conditions, will not lead to a reduction in the quality and accuracy of UAV photogrammetry data, and can meet the needs of the UAV to photograph the ground from different angles and heights. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 is a front sectional view of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 is a top sectional view of the top plate structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 is a top sectional view of the support frame structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5 is an enlarged view of part A of the present invention.

[0040] In the figure: 1, cross plate; 2, support leg; 3, positioning pin; 4, support frame; 5, top plate; 6, first electric telescopic rod; 7, reduction motor; 8, lead screw; 9, slideway; 10, clamping plate; 11, fixed block; 12, telescopic rod; 13, spring; 14, clamping block; 15, groove; 16, support rod; 17, first cross bar; 18, second cross bar; 19, second electric telescopic rod; 20, third cross bar; 21, fourth cross bar; 22, second rotating plate; 23, first rotating plate; 24, first connecting rod; 25, second connecting rod. Detailed implementation manner

[0041] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0042] Please refer to Figures 1-5 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a target device for unmanned aerial vehicle photogrammetry, including a cross plate 1, and a rotating mechanism is arranged at the top end of the cross plate 1;

[0043] The rotating mechanism includes a support frame 4, a support rod 16, a first electric telescopic rod 6, a first cross bar 17, a first rotating plate 23, a second cross bar 18, a second electric telescopic rod 19, a third cross bar 20, a second rotating plate 22, a fourth cross bar 21, a first connecting rod 24, a second connecting rod 25 and a top plate 5;

[0044] At the top of the horizontal plate 1, there is a support frame 4. On one side of the support frame 4, there are two support rods 16 installed. The support rods 16 are evenly distributed on the left and right sides of the bottom end of the first electric telescopic rod 6. One end of the first electric telescopic rod 6 is axially connected inside the support rod 16. The first electric telescopic rod 6 rotates counterclockwise inside the support rod 16. The other end of the first electric telescopic rod 6 is welded with a first cross bar 17. Both the left and right ends of the first cross bar 17 are welded with a first rotating plate 23. The central position of the first rotating plate 23 is rotationally connected to the support frame 4 through a pin shaft. Inside the top end of the first rotating plate 23, there is a second cross bar 18 installed. One end of the second electric telescopic rod 19 is axially connected to the central position of the second cross bar 18. By an external control system, the second electric telescopic rod 19 contracts. The second electric telescopic rod 19 drives the first rotating plate 23 to rotate clockwise. The other end of the second electric telescopic rod 19 is axially connected to a third cross bar 20. Both ends of the third cross bar 20 are welded with a second rotating plate 22. The first electric telescopic rod 6 drives the second rotating plate 22 to rotate counterclockwise. The central position of the second rotating plate 22 is rotationally connected to the support frame 4 through a pin shaft. Inside the bottom end of the second rotating plate 22, there is a fourth cross bar 21 welded. On the front and back sides of the left outer wall of the fourth cross bar 21, there are first connecting rods 24 welded. The first rotating plate 23 drives the target to rotate clockwise through the first connecting rods 24, realizing the adjustment of the target angle. On the front and back sides of the left outer wall of the first cross bar 17, there are second connecting rods 25 welded. On one side of both the first connecting rod 24 and the second connecting rod 25, there is a top plate 5 bolted. The left end of the second rotating plate 22 pushes the target upward through the second connecting rod 25, realizing the position adjustment of the target;

[0045] Inside the top plate 5, there is a clamping mechanism;

[0046] The clamping mechanism includes a lead screw 8, a clamping plate 10, a slideway 9, a fixed block 11, a groove 15, a telescopic rod 12, a clamping block 14, a spring 13 and a reduction motor 7;

[0047] Both the upper and lower ends of the top plate 5 are axially connected with lead screws 8 in the left - right direction. The helix directions of the threads on the left and right sides of the outer wall of the lead screw 8 are opposite. One side of the upper and lower two lead screws 8 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the reduction motor 7. When the reduction motor 7 is started, the reduction motor 7 drives the front and rear two lead screws 8 to move in opposite directions. The reduction motor 7 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top plate 5. Both the left and right sides of the outer wall of the lead screw 8 are screwed with clamping plates 10. The movement of the front and rear two lead screws 8 in opposite directions drives the left and right two clamping plates 10 to move inward simultaneously. Slideways 9 are provided on both the front and rear sides of the inner cavity of the top plate 5. Both the front and rear ends of the clamping plate 10 are fitted into the slideways 9. A fixing block 11 is bolt - connected to the inner side of the clamping plate 10. A semi - circular groove is provided on the inner side of the fixing block 11. A groove 15 is provided on the inner side of the fixing block 11. One end of a telescopic rod 12 is installed in the inner cavity of the groove 15. The telescopic rod 12 is a cylindrical rod sleeved inside a cylindrical barrel, and the number of telescopic rods 12 is at least one and is evenly distributed at intervals on the inner outer wall of the fixing block 11. The other end of the telescopic rod 12 is installed with a clamping block 14. The clamping block 14 is a semi - circular clamping block. A target is clamped inside the clamping block 14. A spring 13 is sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod 12. One end of the spring 13 abuts against the inner wall of the groove 15, and the other end abuts against the clamping block 14. The simultaneous inward movement of the left and right two clamping plates 10 clamps the target through structures such as the fixing block 11, the groove 15, the telescopic rod 12, the spring 13, and the clamping block 14.

[0048] As a preferred solution, furthermore, legs 2 are installed at the four corners of the bottom end of the cross - plate 1. A positioning pin 3 is inserted into the outer wall of the leg 2. The target is placed in the groove at the center of the top plate 5, and the device is fixed to the ground through the positioning pin 3.

[0049] As a preferred solution, furthermore, the shapes of the first rotating plate 23 and the second rotating plate 22 are both "L" - shaped.

[0050] A method for using a target device for UAV photogrammetry includes the following steps:

[0051] S1. Place the device on the ground and fix it through the positioning pin 3;

[0052] S2. Place the target inside the clamping block 14;

[0053] S3. Start the reduction motor 7;

[0054] S4. The movement of the reduction motor 7 drives the front and rear two lead screws 8 to move in opposite directions. The movement of the front and rear two lead screws 8 in opposite directions drives the left and right two clamping plates 10 to move inward simultaneously. The simultaneous inward movement of the left and right two clamping plates 10 clamps the target through structures such as the fixing block 11, the groove 15, the telescopic rod 12, the spring 13, and the clamping block 14;

[0055] S5. Stretch the first electric telescopic rod 6 through an external control system;

[0056] S6. While the first electric telescopic rod 6 rotates counterclockwise inside the support rod 16, the first electric telescopic rod 6 drives the second rotating plate 22 to rotate counterclockwise, and the left end of the second rotating plate 22 pushes the target upward through the second connecting rod 25.

[0057] S7. The second electric telescopic rod 19 is contracted through an external control system.

[0058] S8. The second electric telescopic rod 19 drives the first rotating plate 23 to rotate clockwise, and the first rotating plate 23 drives the recording plate to rotate clockwise through the first connecting rod 24, realizing the adjustment of the target angle.

[0059] The detailed connection means are well-known techniques in the art. The following mainly introduces the working principle and process, and the specific work is as follows.

[0060] During use, the target is placed in the groove at the center of the top plate 5, and the device is fixed to the ground through the positioning pin 3. At this time, the reduction motor 7 is started, and the reduction motor 7 drives the front and rear two lead screws 8 to move in opposite directions. The front and rear two lead screws 8 moving in opposite directions drive the left and right two clamping plates 10 to move inward simultaneously. The left and right two clamping plates 10 moving inward simultaneously clamp the target through structures such as the fixing block 11, the groove 15, the telescopic rod 12, the spring 13, and the clamping block 14. When the target needs to be rotationally adjusted, first, the first electric telescopic rod 6 is stretched through an external control system. While the first electric telescopic rod 6 rotates counterclockwise inside the support rod 16, the first electric telescopic rod 6 drives the second rotating plate 22 to rotate counterclockwise, and the left end of the second rotating plate 22 pushes the target upward through the second connecting rod 25, realizing the position adjustment of the target. At this time, the second electric telescopic rod 19 is contracted through an external control system, the second electric telescopic rod 19 drives the first rotating plate 23 to rotate clockwise, and the first rotating plate 23 drives the target to rotate clockwise through the first connecting rod 24, realizing the angle adjustment of the target. This design has a simple structure, obvious beneficial effects, and strong applicability.

[0061] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "the other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation; at the same time, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "snap connection", "axial connection", "plug connection", "welding", "mounted with", "provided with", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Unless otherwise clearly limited, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0062] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A target device for UAV photogrammetry, comprising a horizontal plate (1), characterized in that: A rotating mechanism is provided at the top of the horizontal plate (1); The rotating mechanism includes a support frame (4), a support rod (16), a first electric telescopic rod (6), a first cross bar (17), a first rotating plate (23), a second cross bar (18), a second electric telescopic rod (19), a third cross bar (20), a second rotating plate (22), a fourth cross bar (21), a first connecting rod (24), a second connecting rod (25) and a top plate (5); A support frame (4) is provided at the top of the horizontal plate (1). One side of the support frame (4) is provided with a support rod (16). One end of a first electric telescopic rod (6) is axially connected to the inner cavity of the support rod (16). The other end of the first electric telescopic rod (6) is welded to a first cross bar (17). First rotating plates (23) are welded to both the left and right ends of the first cross bar (17). The center position of the first rotating plate (23) is rotationally connected to the support frame (4) through a pin shaft. The inner side of the top of the first rotating plate (23) is provided with a second cross bar (18). One end of a second electric telescopic rod (19) is axially connected to the center position of the second cross bar (18). The other end of the second electric telescopic rod (19) is axially connected to a third cross bar (20). Second rotating plates (22) are welded to both ends of the third cross bar (20). The center position of the second rotating plate (22) is rotationally connected to the support frame (4) through a pin shaft. The inner side of the bottom of the second rotating plate (22) is welded to a fourth cross bar (21). First connecting rods (24) are welded to both the front and back sides of the outer wall of the left side of the fourth cross bar (21). Second connecting rods (25) are welded to both the front and back sides of the outer wall of the left side of the first cross bar (17). A top plate (5) is bolted to one side of both the first connecting rod (24) and the second connecting rod (25); A clamping mechanism is provided in the inner cavity of the top plate (5); The clamping mechanism includes a lead screw (8), a clamping plate (10), a slideway (9), a fixed block (11), a groove (15), a telescopic rod (12), a clamping block (14), a spring (13) and a reduction motor (7); Lead screws (8) are axially connected to both the upper and lower ends of the top plate (5) in the left - right direction. One side of both the upper and lower lead screws (8) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a reduction motor (7). The reduction motor (7) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top plate (5). Clamping plates (10) are screwed to both the left and right sides of the outer wall of the lead screw (8). Slideways (9) are provided on both the front and back sides of the inner cavity of the top plate (5). Both the front and back ends of the clamping plate (10) are fitted into the slideway (9). A fixed block (11) is bolted to the inner side of the clamping plate (10). A groove (15) is provided in the inner side of the fixed block (11). One end of a telescopic rod (12) is installed in the inner cavity of the groove (15). The other end of the telescopic rod (12) is installed with a clamping block (14). A target is clamped inside the clamping block (14). A spring (13) is sleeved on the outer wall of the telescopic rod (12).

2. The target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom corners of the horizontal plate (1) are all provided with legs (2), and positioning pins (3) are inserted into the outer walls of the legs (2).

3. The target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the support rods (16) is two, and they are evenly distributed on the left and right sides at the bottom end of the first electric telescopic rod (6).

4. A target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the spring (13) abuts against the inner wall of the groove (15), and the other end abuts against the clamping block (14).

5. A target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The clamping block (14) is a semi-circular clamping block.

6. The target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, wherein: The helix directions of the threads on the left and right sides of the outer wall of the lead screw (8) are opposite.

7. A target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shapes of the first rotating plate (23) and the second rotating plate (22) are both "L" shaped.

8. A target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: A semi-circular groove is formed inside the fixed block (11).

9. A target device for UAV photogrammetry according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (12) is a cylindrical rod sleeved inside a cylindrical tube, and the number of the telescopic rods (12) is at least one, and they are evenly and spacedly distributed on the outer wall of the inner side of the fixed block (11).

10. The usage method of a target device for UAV photogrammetry according to any one of claims 1-10, characterized in that: Its using method includes the following steps: S1. Place the device on the ground and fix it through the positioning pin (3); S2. Place the target inside the clamping block (14); S3. Start the reduction motor (7); S4. The movement of the reduction motor (7) drives the front and rear lead screws (8) to move in opposite directions. The movement of the front and rear lead screws (8) in opposite directions drives the left and right clamping plates (10) to move inward simultaneously. The simultaneous inward movement of the left and right clamping plates (10) clamps the target through structures such as the fixed block (11), the groove (15), the telescopic rod (12), the spring (13), and the clamping block (14); S5. Stretch the first electric telescopic rod (6) through an external control system; S6. While the first electric telescopic rod (6) rotates counterclockwise inside the support rod (16), the first electric telescopic rod (6) drives the second rotating plate (22) to rotate counterclockwise, and the left end of the second rotating plate (22) pushes the target upward through the second connecting rod (25); S7. Contract the second electric telescopic rod (19) through an external control system; S8. The second electric telescopic rod (19) drives the first rotating plate (23) to rotate clockwise, and the first rotating plate (23) drives the recording plate to rotate clockwise through the first connecting rod (24), realizing the adjustment of the target angle.

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