Rapid inversion method and system for atmospheric waveguide height in complex radio wave environment

Abstract

The invention discloses a rapid inversion method and system for the height of an atmospheric waveguide in a complex radio wave environment, and the method comprises the steps: transmitting a test radio wave to the atmosphere, and obtaining the related data of the test radio wave in a propagation process, the related data comprises the signal power of the test electric wave, the propagation distance of the test electric wave, the refractive index gradient, and the temperature, the humidity and the pressure at the height of the test electric wave; performing normalization processing on the related data, setting an estimation function of the atmospheric waveguide height, and calculating the height estimation of the atmospheric waveguide according to the normalized related data; and fitting the height estimation of the atmospheric waveguide with the actual height of the atmospheric waveguide so as to complete the rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric waveguide.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of waveguide height estimation, and more specifically, relates to a method and system for rapidly retrieving the height of an atmospheric waveguide in a complex radio wave environment. Background Art

[0002] An atmospheric waveguide is a phenomenon in the atmosphere where, due to the vertical variations of factors such as temperature, humidity, and pressure, electromagnetic waves (such as radio waves, radar waves, etc.) are confined and guided when propagating within a specific height range. It forms a waveguide layer, enabling the radio waves to be guided during propagation within it, rather than diffusing rapidly as in the ordinary atmosphere. Atmospheric waveguides usually occur near the Earth's surface, especially under specific conditions in the ocean, continent, and boundary layer, where radio waves are confined within certain height ranges.

[0003] Weather forecasting and meteorological monitoring systems, especially meteorological systems based on radar or radio waves, are affected by the atmospheric waveguide effect. Estimating the waveguide height can help meteorological researchers predict the radio wave propagation characteristics at different height levels, and thus make more accurate predictions about weather changes. However, there is currently no technical solution that can more accurately estimate the waveguide height. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a method for rapidly retrieving the height of an atmospheric waveguide in a complex radio wave environment, including:[[]] Transmitting a test radio wave into the atmosphere and acquiring relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave, where the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity, and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; Normalizing the relevant data, setting an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric waveguide, and calculating the height estimation of the atmospheric waveguide based on the normalized relevant data; Fitting the height estimation of the atmospheric waveguide with the actual height of the atmospheric waveguide, thereby completing the rapid retrieval of the height of the atmospheric waveguide.

[0005] Further, the estimation function for the height of the atmospheric waveguide includes: , where is the height estimation of the atmospheric waveguide, is the optimal height of the atmospheric waveguide, is the height is the correction factor at height for dealing with the non-uniformity of the refractive index gradient change at height is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct, is the weight of the th reflection, is the signal power of the parameter test radio wave after the th reflection and the propagation distance of the test radio wave to form a radio wave path function.

[0006] Furthermore, the correction factor at altitude includes: including: , wherein, is the refractive index at altitude , is the weight of the temperature, is the temperature at altitude , is the temperature adjustment factor, is the weight of the humidity, is the humidity at altitude , is the humidity adjustment factor, is the weight of the air pressure, is the air pressure at altitude , is the air pressure adjustment factor, is the first adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the second adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the third adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the fourth adjustment factor of the correction factor.

[0007] Furthermore, the radio wave path function formed by the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave after the th reflection includes: including: , wherein, is the signal power of the test radio wave after the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function, is the reflection coefficient of the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the th reflection, is the number of interferences, is the intensity of the th interference, is the The angular frequency of the secondary interference, is the initial phase of the secondary interference.

[0008] Furthermore, the refractive index at height includes: , , wherein, is the refractive index gradient in the test radio wave propagation, is the height random perturbation of the refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence at height is the adjustment factor of the random perturbation, is the fractional Brownian motion of the test radio wave at height , is the Hurst exponent.

[0009] Furthermore, all weights and adjustment factors are fitted by the least squares method or the ant colony algorithm until the error between the estimated height of the atmospheric duct and the actual height of the atmospheric duct is less than the preset error threshold, then the fitted height of the atmospheric duct is used as the final height of the atmospheric duct.

[0010] The present invention also proposes a rapid inversion system for the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment, including: A data acquisition module, configured to transmit a test radio wave into the atmosphere and acquire relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave, wherein the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; An inversion module, configured to perform normalization processing on the relevant data, set an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct, and calculate the estimated height of the atmospheric duct according to the normalized relevant data; A fitting module, configured to fit the estimated height of the atmospheric duct with the actual height of the atmospheric duct, so as to complete the rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric duct.

[0011] Furthermore, the estimation function of the height of the atmospheric duct includes: , wherein, is the estimated height of the atmospheric duct, is the optimal height of the atmospheric duct, is the correction factor at height for processing the refractive index at height The inhomogeneity of the gradient change is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct is the weight of the th reflection is the signal power of the parameter test radio wave after the th reflection and the propagation distance of the test radio wave to form a radio wave path function

[0012] Furthermore, the correction factor at altitude includes : , where is the refractive index at altitude , is the weight of the temperature is the temperature at altitude , is the adjustment factor of the temperature is the weight of the humidity is the humidity at altitude , is the adjustment factor of the humidity is the weight of the air pressure is the air pressure at altitude , is the adjustment factor of the air pressure is the first adjustment factor of the correction factor is the second adjustment factor of the correction factor is the third adjustment factor of the correction factor is the fourth adjustment factor of the correction factor

[0013] Furthermore, the radio wave path function formed by the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave after the th reflection includes : , where is the signal power of the test radio wave after the th reflection is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function is the reflection coefficient of the th reflection is the adjustment factor of the th reflection is the number of interferences is the The intensity of the secondary interference, is the angular frequency of the is the initial phase of the

[0014] Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solution conceived by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct, the present invention can accurately estimate the height of the atmospheric duct, thereby providing data support for meteorological researchers and improving the accuracy of weather forecasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 is a system structure diagram according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] In order to better understand the above technical solution, the above technical solution will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and specific embodiments.

[0017] The method provided by the present invention can be implemented in the following terminal environment. The terminal may include one or more of the following components: a processor, a storage medium, and a display screen. Among them, at least one instruction is stored in the storage medium, and the instruction is loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method described in the following embodiments.

[0018] The processor may include one or more processing cores. The processor connects various parts inside the terminal through various interfaces and lines, and executes various functions of the terminal and processes data by running or executing instructions, programs, code sets or instruction sets stored in the storage medium, and calling data stored in the storage medium.

[0019] The storage medium may include a random access memory (RAM), or may also include a read-only memory (ROM). The storage medium can be used to store instructions, programs, codes, code sets or instructions.

[0020] The display screen is used to display the user interfaces of various application programs.

[0021] In addition, those skilled in the art can understand that the structure of the above terminal does not limit the terminal. The terminal may include more or fewer components, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements. For example, the terminal may also include components such as a radio frequency circuit, an input unit, a sensor, an audio circuit, and a power supply, which will not be elaborated here.

[0022] Example 1 As Figure 1 , this example proposes a method for quickly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment, including: Step 101: Transmit a test radio wave into the atmosphere and obtain relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave. Among them, the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity, and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; Step 102: Perform normalization processing on the relevant data, set an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct, and calculate the height estimation of the atmospheric duct according to the normalized relevant data; Specifically, the estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct includes: , where, is the height estimation of the atmospheric duct, is the optimal height of the atmospheric duct, is the height at which the correction factor is used to handle the non-uniformity of the refractive index gradient change at the height , is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct, is the weight of the th reflection, is the radio wave path function composed of the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave after the th reflection.

[0023] Specifically, the correction factor at the height includes: , where, is the refractive index at the height , is the weight of the temperature, is the temperature at the height , is the adjustment factor of the temperature, is the weight of the humidity, is the humidity at the height , is the adjustment factor of the humidity, is the weight of the air pressure, is the air pressure at the height , is the adjustment factor of the air pressure, is the first adjustment factor for the correction factor, is the second adjustment factor for the correction factor, is the third adjustment factor for the correction factor, is the fourth adjustment factor for the correction factor.

[0024] Specifically, after the th reflection, the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave constitute the radio wave path function including: , wherein, is the signal power of the test radio wave after the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function, is the reflection coefficient of the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the th reflection, is the number of interferences, is the intensity of the th interference, is the angular frequency of the th interference, is the initial phase of the th interference.

[0025] The formation of interference terms is usually due to the wave superposition effect generated when radio waves are reflected or refracted in different propagation paths. The following are some specific examples of interference terms: 1. Reflection interference During the propagation of radio waves, especially in waveguides or the atmosphere, radio waves will be reflected on different reflecting surfaces, generating different propagation paths. Each reflection path can generate an interference wave.

[0026] 2. Multiple reflection interference In an atmospheric waveguide, radio waves may undergo multiple reflections. For example, radio waves may be reflected back from the ground and then reflected again by clouds or other layers of the medium, thus forming multiple reflection paths, each with an interference component. The characteristics (such as intensity, frequency, phase) of each reflection path may be different.

[0027] 3. Refraction interference When radio waves pass through an inhomogeneous medium, refraction occurs. Different refraction paths will result in different propagation delays and phase changes, thus forming refraction interference. For example, in the atmosphere, radio waves may pass through temperature, humidity, or pressure change intervals, resulting in changes in the refraction paths of radio waves.

[0028] Therefore, in this embodiment, by setting the interference term, the propagation characteristics of radio waves in a complex environment can be described more accurately.

[0029] Specifically, the refractive index at height includes: , , where is the refractive index gradient in the test radio wave propagation, is the random perturbation of the refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence at height , is the adjustment factor of the random perturbation, is the fractional Brownian motion of the test radio wave at height , is the Hurst exponent.

[0030] Step 103: Fit the estimated height of the atmospheric duct to the actual height of the atmospheric duct, thereby completing the rapid inversion of the atmospheric duct height.

[0031] Specifically, fit all the weights and adjustment factors by the least squares method or the ant colony algorithm until the error between the estimated height of the atmospheric duct and the actual height of the atmospheric duct is less than the preset error threshold, then take the height of the fitted atmospheric duct as the final height of the atmospheric duct.

[0032] Embodiment 2 As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment proposes a rapid inversion system for the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment, including: A data acquisition module, configured to transmit a test radio wave into the atmosphere and acquire relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave, where the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity, and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; An inversion module, configured to perform normalization processing on the relevant data, set an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct, and calculate the estimated height of the atmospheric duct according to the normalized relevant data; Specifically, the estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct includes: , where is the estimated height of the atmospheric duct, is the optimal height of the atmospheric duct, is the height The correction factor at [height] for handling the refractive index at [height] and the inhomogeneity of the gradient change, is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct, is the weight of the [n]th reflection, is the signal power of the parameter test radio wave after the [n]th reflection, and the propagation distance of the test radio wave constitute the radio wave path function.

[0033] Specifically, the correction factor at [height] includes: , where is the refractive index at [height] , is the weight of the temperature, is the temperature at [height] , is the adjustment factor of the temperature, is the weight of the humidity, is the humidity at [height] , is the adjustment factor of the humidity, is the weight of the air pressure, is the air pressure at [height] , is the adjustment factor of the air pressure, is the first adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the second adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the third adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the fourth adjustment factor of the correction factor.

[0034] Specifically, the radio wave path function constituted by the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave after the [n]th reflection includes: , where is the signal power of the test radio wave after the [n]th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function, is the reflection coefficient of the [n]th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the [n]th reflection, is the number of interferences, is the intensity of the -th interference, is the angular frequency of the -th interference, and is the initial phase of the

[0035] Specifically, the refractive index at height includes: , , wherein, is the refractive index gradient in the test radio wave propagation, is the height and is the random perturbation of the refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence at height is the adjustment factor of the random perturbation, is the fractional Brownian motion of the test radio wave at height , and is the Hurst exponent.

[0036] A fitting module is configured to fit the estimated height of the atmospheric duct with the actual height of the atmospheric duct, so as to complete the rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric duct.

[0037] Specifically, all weights and adjustment factors are fitted by the least square method or the ant colony algorithm until the error between the estimated height of the atmospheric duct and the actual height of the atmospheric duct is less than a preset error threshold, and then the fitted height of the atmospheric duct is used as the final height of the atmospheric duct.

[0038] Embodiment 3 The embodiment of the present invention further provides a storage medium storing multiple instructions for implementing the method for rapidly inverting the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment.

[0039] Optionally, in this embodiment, the above storage medium may be located in any one of the computer terminals in the computer terminal group in the computer network, or in any one of the mobile terminals in the mobile terminal group.

[0040] Optionally, in this embodiment, the storage medium is configured to store program codes for executing the following steps: Step 101, transmitting a test radio wave into the atmosphere and acquiring relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave, where the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; Step 102: Normalize the relevant data, set an estimation function for the atmospheric duct height, and calculate the height estimation of the atmospheric duct based on the normalized relevant data. Specifically, the estimation function for the atmospheric duct height includes: , where is the height estimation of the atmospheric duct, is the optimal height of the atmospheric duct, is the height at which the correction factor is used to handle the non-uniformity of the refractive index gradient change at height , is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct, is the th reflection weight, is the signal power of the parameter test radio wave after the th reflection and the propagation distance of the test radio wave, which together form a radio wave path function.

[0041] Specifically, the correction factor at height includes: , where is the refractive index at height , is the weight of temperature, is the temperature at height , is the temperature adjustment factor, is the weight of humidity, is the humidity at height , is the humidity adjustment factor, is the weight of air pressure, is the air pressure at height , is the air pressure adjustment factor, is the first adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the second adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the third adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the fourth adjustment factor of the correction factor.

[0042] Specifically, the radio wave path function formed by the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave after the including: , wherein, is the signal power of the test radio wave after the -th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function, is the reflection coefficient of the -th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the -th reflection, is the number of interferences, is the intensity of the -th interference, is the angular frequency of the -th interference, is the initial phase of the -th interference.

[0043] Specifically, the refractive index at height includes: , , wherein, is the refractive index gradient in the propagation of the test radio wave, is the random perturbation of the refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence at height , is the adjustment factor of the random perturbation, is the fractional Brownian motion of the test radio wave at height , is the Hurst exponent.

[0044] Step 103: Fit the estimated height of the atmospheric duct with the actual height of the atmospheric duct, so as to complete the rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric duct.

[0045] Specifically, fit all the weights and adjustment factors by the least square method or the ant colony algorithm until the error between the estimated height of the atmospheric duct and the actual height of the atmospheric duct is less than a preset error threshold, then take the fitted height of the atmospheric duct as the final height of the atmospheric duct.

[0046] Example 4 This embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device, including a processor and a storage medium connected to the processor. The storage medium stores multiple instructions, and the instructions can be loaded and executed by the processor, so that the processor can execute the method for rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment.

[0047] Specifically, the electronic device in this embodiment may be a computer terminal, and the computer terminal may include: one or more processors and a storage medium.

[0048] Among them, the storage medium can be used to store software programs and modules, such as a method for quickly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment in the embodiments of the present invention, and the corresponding program instructions / modules. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing by running the software programs and modules stored in the storage medium, that is, realizes the above-mentioned method for quickly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment. The storage medium may include a high-speed random access storage medium, and may also include a non-volatile storage medium, such as one or more magnetic storage systems, flash memory, or other non-volatile solid-state storage media. In some instances, the storage medium may further include a storage medium remotely provided relative to the processor, and these remote storage media can be connected to the terminal through a network. Examples of the above network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an enterprise intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0049] The processor can call the information and application programs stored in the storage medium through a transmission system to execute the following steps: Step 101, transmit a test radio wave into the atmosphere and obtain relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave, where the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity, and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; Step 102, perform normalization processing on the relevant data, set an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct, and calculate the height estimation of the atmospheric duct according to the normalized relevant data. Specifically, the estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct includes: , Among them, is the height estimation of the atmospheric duct, is the optimal height of the atmospheric duct, is the height The correction factor at is used to process the refractive index Gradient changes inhomogeneity at, is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct, is the Weight of the th reflection, is the parameter after the th reflection The radio wave path function composed of the signal power of the test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave .

[0050] Specifically, the height ​Correction factor at includes: , wherein, is the refractive index at height , is the weight of temperature, is the temperature at height , is the adjustment factor of temperature, is the weight of humidity, is the humidity at height , is the adjustment factor of humidity, is the weight of air pressure, is the air pressure at height , is the adjustment factor of air pressure, is the first adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the second adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the third adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the fourth adjustment factor of the correction factor.

[0051] Specifically, after the th reflection, the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave constitute the radio wave path function , wherein, is the signal power of the test radio wave after the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function, is the reflection coefficient of the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the th reflection, is the number of interferences, is the intensity of the th interference, is the angular frequency of the th interference, is the initial phase of the th interference.

[0052] Specifically, the refractive index at height includes: , , wherein, To test the refractive index gradient in radio wave propagation, where is the altitude the random perturbation of the refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence at altitude, is the adjustment factor of the random perturbation, where is the altitude the fractional Brownian motion of the test radio wave at altitude, is the Hurst exponent.

[0053] Step 103, fit the estimated height of the atmospheric duct with the actual height of the atmospheric duct, so as to complete the rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric duct.

[0054] Specifically, fit all the weights and adjustment factors by the least squares method or the ant colony algorithm until the error between the estimated height of the atmospheric duct and the actual height of the atmospheric duct is less than the preset error threshold, then take the height of the fitted atmospheric duct as the final height of the atmospheric duct.

[0055] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present invention are only for description and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0056] In the above embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of the respective embodiments have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0057] In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed technical content can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the system embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point, the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules can be in electrical or other forms.

[0058] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated. The components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they can be located in one place, or they can be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0059] In addition, in each embodiment of the present invention, each functional unit can be integrated into a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0060] If the above integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The foregoing storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as USB flash drives, read-only storage media (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access storage media (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disks, magnetic disks, or optical discs.

[0061] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples given for clear illustration and are not limitations on the implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for quickly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment, characterized in that Including: Transmitting a test radio wave into the atmosphere and obtaining relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave, where the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; Performing normalization processing on the relevant data, setting an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct, and calculating the height estimation of the atmospheric duct according to the normalized relevant data; Fitting the height estimation of the atmospheric duct with the actual height of the atmospheric duct, thereby completing the rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric duct.

2. The rapid inversion method for the height of atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The estimation function of the height of the atmospheric duct includes: ， Among them, is the height estimate of the atmospheric duct, is the optimal height of the atmospheric duct, is the height at which the correction factor is used to handle the refractive index gradient change unevenness at the height ; is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct, is the th reflection weight, is the signal power of the parameter test radio wave after the th reflection and the propagation distance of the test radio wave to form a radio wave path function.

3. A method for rapidly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment according to claim 2, characterized in that Height correction factor at including: ， Among them, is the refractive index at height , is the weight of temperature, is the height at which the temperature is measured, is the adjustment factor of temperature, is the weight of humidity, is the height at which the humidity is measured, is the adjustment factor of humidity, is the weight of air pressure, is the height at which the air pressure is measured, is the adjustment factor of air pressure, is the first adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the second adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the third adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the fourth adjustment factor of the correction factor.

4. A method for rapidly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment according to claim 3, characterized in that After the th reflection, the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave constitute a radio wave path function including: ， Among them, is the signal power of the test radio wave after the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function, is the reflection coefficient of the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the th reflection, is the number of interferences, is the intensity of the th interference, is the angular frequency of the th interference, is the initial phase of the th interference.

5. A method for rapidly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment according to claim 4, characterized in that, Height Refractive index at Comprising: ， ， Among them, To test the refractive index gradient in radio wave propagation, is the altitude where the random perturbation of the refractive index caused by atmospheric turbulence occurs, is the adjustment factor of the random perturbation, is the altitude where the fractional Brownian motion of the test radio wave occurs, is the Hurst exponent.

6. A method for rapidly retrieving the height of an atmospheric duct in a complex radio wave environment according to claim 5, characterized in that, Fitting all weights and adjustment factors by the least squares method or the ant colony algorithm until the height estimation of the atmospheric duct has an error less than the preset error threshold with the actual height of the atmospheric duct, then the height of the fitted atmospheric duct is used as the final height of the atmospheric duct.

7. An atmospheric duct height rapid inversion system under a complex radio wave environment, characterized in that, Including: A data acquisition module, configured to transmit a test radio wave into the atmosphere and obtain relevant data during the propagation of the test radio wave, where the relevant data includes: the signal power of the test radio wave, the propagation distance of the test radio wave, the refractive index gradient, the temperature, humidity and pressure at the height where the test radio wave is located; An inversion module, configured to perform normalization processing on the relevant data, set an estimation function for the height of the atmospheric duct, and calculate the height estimation of the atmospheric duct according to the normalized relevant data; A fitting module, configured to fit the height estimation of the atmospheric duct with the actual height of the atmospheric duct, thereby completing the rapid inversion of the height of the atmospheric duct.

8. A rapid inversion system for the height of atmospheric duct under complex radio wave environments as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that The estimation function of the height of the atmospheric duct includes: ， Among them, is the height estimate of the atmospheric duct, is the optimal height of the atmospheric duct, is the height at the correction factor, used to process the height at the refractive index gradient change inhomogeneity, is the number of reflections of the atmospheric duct, is the weight of the th reflection, is after the th reflection by the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave composed of the radio wave path function. ​ 9. A rapid inversion system for atmospheric duct height in a complex radio wave environment according to claim 8, characterized in that, Height correction factor at including: ， Among them, is the refractive index at height , is the weight of temperature, is the height at which the temperature is is the adjustment factor of temperature, is the weight of humidity, is the height at which the humidity is is the adjustment factor of humidity, is the weight of air pressure, is the height at which the air pressure is is the adjustment factor of air pressure, is the first adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the second adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the third adjustment factor of the correction factor, is the fourth adjustment factor of the correction factor.

10. A rapid inversion system for the height of atmospheric ducts in a complex radio wave environment according to claim 9, characterized in that, After the th reflection, the signal power of the parameter test radio wave and the propagation distance of the test radio wave constitute the radio wave path function including: ， Among them, is the signal power of the test radio wave after the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the radio wave path function, is the reflection coefficient of the th reflection, is the adjustment factor of the th reflection, is the number of interferences, is the intensity of the th interference, is the angular frequency of the th interference, is the initial phase of the th interference.

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