Channel type slag yard and drainage facility arrangement optimization method

Abstract

The invention provides a channel type slag yard and drainage facility arrangement optimization method. The method comprises the steps that 1, the shape of the slag yard is determined; 2, planning and designing a drainage open channel; 3, planning and arranging intercepting ditches on the periphery of the slag yard; 4, optimizing and adjusting the shape of the slag yard; 5, planning and arranging a drainage cushion layer at the bottom of the slag yard; and 6, planning and arranging a slag yard top surface drainage ditch and a riding track drainage ditch. The method has the following advantages that incoming flow and catchment on the surface of the channel type slag yard body, the upstream of the channel and the periphery of the slag yard are rapidly and effectively discharged and guided into the downstream channel of the slag yard, the occupied area of the slag yard and a blocking and discharging facility is reduced, and the situation that a gutter is formed by the drainage facility due to the fact that the actual waste slag amount is reduced in the waste slag stockpiling implementation process is avoided; and catchment water on the surface of the slag field body cannot be discharged and guided in time. And the method can be widely applied to the engineering of arranging the channel type slag field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering, and particularly relates to an optimization method for the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the strong promotion of water conservancy and hydropower projects such as pumped storage power stations and large, medium and small reservoirs involved in major water conservancy projects for water conservation and water supply, except for the waste residues planned to be processed through the natural resources trading platform, the remaining waste residues need to be stored or temporarily stored in waste yards and temporary storage yards set up by the project itself. In order to occupy less or no arable land and forest land, mountain valleys, slopes, wastelands, river beaches, etc. close to the excavation operation area are preferentially used to arrange slag yards. Among them, the channel-type slag yard arranged in the mountain valley has the characteristics of small floor area, compact arrangement of retaining and drainage measures, etc., and is widely used in engineering.

[0003] The capacity of the slag yard is planned according to the result of the earth-rock balance of the project. According to the specification requirements, the available slag storage capacity should be 1.05 to 1.10 times the planned storage capacity. However, with the progress of project design and construction, through the optimization of the excavation plan, the increase in the utilization of earth-rock, the loss of waste residue materials during the construction process, etc., the final storage volume of the slag yard often fails to reach the designed planned capacity. Under the requirement of the soil and water conservation principle of "blocking first and then discharging", it will cause the drainage facilities built on both banks at the top of the channel-type slag yard to be higher than the final storage surface of the slag yard, resulting in the inability to discharge the surface water at the top of the slag yard nearby, and the confluence area of some front drain ditches and access road drain ditches at the slag top will also be larger than the original designed confluence area.

[0004] Therefore, the design of the shape of the channel-type slag yard and the layout of the supporting drainage facilities have become the difficulties in the design of the channel-type slag yard. On the one hand, the actual storage volume of the waste residue in the later stage is less than the planned capacity of the slag yard that meets the specification requirements in the soil and water conservation plan report stage; on the other hand, the drainage of the slag top surface in the later stage needs to ensure a close and smooth connection with the surrounding drainage facilities, avoiding the surrounding drainage facilities being higher than the slag top surface and forming problems such as "sky ditches".

[0005] In the prior art, often at the end of the waste residue storage period, according to the stored capacity and the estimated remaining storage volume, the shape of the channel-type slag yard is adjusted. The top platform of the slag yard near the upstream of the channel is maintained at the original designed elevation and shape, and measures such as widening the access road to form a platform and slowing down the stacking slope ratio on the downstream side are taken to solve the problem, but the effect is not good. Therefore, how to balance the shape of the slag yard and the layout of the surrounding drainage facilities during the layout planning of the channel-type slag yard, reduce the increase in the stacking freight caused by the adjustment of the slag yard storage shape in the later stage, avoid the increase in the scale of drainage facilities such as drain ditches due to the increase in the confluence area, and reduce the project investment, etc., are the difficult problems that need to be solved at present. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of the defects existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an optimization method for the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities, which can effectively solve the above problems.

[0007] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] The present invention provides an optimization method for the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Determination of the slag yard shape: Based on the original branch channel terrain determined by the slag yard site selection, and according to the quantity of stockpiled waste slag, the shape of the slag yard is planned and arranged to determine the shape of the slag yard;

[0010] Step 2: Planning and design of the drainage open channel: According to the shape of the slag yard, the terrain conditions for the layout of the drainage open channel, and the design flow rate of the drainage open channel, the layout parameters of the drainage open channel are determined, including the axis of the drainage open channel, the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel, the structural shape of the drainage open channel, and the excavation boundary of the foundation of the drainage open channel;

[0011] Step 3: Planning and layout of the intercepting ditches around the slag yard: Combining the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1 and the layout parameters of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2, and considering the terrain conditions along the way, the layout parameters of the intercepting ditches are determined; the layout parameters of the intercepting ditches include the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches, the drainage direction of the intercepting ditches, and the shape parameters of the intercepting ditches;

[0012] Step 4: Optimizing and adjusting the shape of the slag yard: Combining the excavation slope boundary of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2 and the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches determined in Step 3, the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1 is optimized and adjusted to obtain the optimized and adjusted shape of the slag yard;

[0013] Specifically, upper reverse stacking slopes are set on both banks of the slag yard, the upper part of the upper reverse stacking slopes inclines towards the inside of the slag yard, drainage facilities are set at the toe of the upper reverse stacking slopes to minimize the elevation of the layout of the drainage facilities; retaining facilities are set at the toe of the slope of the slag yard with the shape determined in Step 1.

[0014] Step 5: Planning and layout of the drainage cushion layer at the bottom of the slag yard: Combining the optimized and adjusted shape of the slag yard determined in Step 4, according to the distribution and trend of the channels within the planned stockpiling range of the slag yard, branch channel and main channel drainage cushion layers are set.

[0015] Step 6: Planning and layout of the top surface drainage ditch and berm drainage ditch of the waste yard: Combining with the optimized waste yard shape determined in Step 4, set the top surface drainage ditch of the waste yard, determine the drainage slope of the top surface drainage ditch of the waste yard, and give priority to discharging towards the open drainage channel; arrange the berm drainage ditch inside the berm, set the drainage direction of the berm drainage ditch, and give priority to discharging towards the open drainage channel; set the longitudinal waste yard slope drainage ditches on the storage slopes between the berms in sections, and through the waste yard slope drainage ditches, converge and discharge the water in the top surface drainage ditch of the waste yard into the open drainage channel in sections, and converge and discharge the water in the berm drainage ditch into the open drainage channel.

[0016] Preferably, Step 1 is specifically as follows:

[0017] Step 1.1, within the selected branch ditch, determine the waste storage range of the branch ditch according to the layout of surrounding buildings;

[0018] Step 1.2, determine the stacking slope ratio based on the source of the waste materials;

[0019] Step 1.3, within the waste storage range of the branch ditch determined in Step 1.1, according to the stacking slope ratio determined in Step 1.2, preliminarily determine the waste yard shape that meets the quantity of stored waste;

[0020] Step 1.4, adjust the waste yard shape determined in Step 1.3, set upper reverse stacking slopes on both banks of the waste yard, the upper part of the upper reverse stacking slope inclines towards the inside of the waste yard, and determine the capacity of the upper reverse stacking slope according to 5% - 25% of the quantity of stored waste, so as to re - determine the waste yard shape.

[0021] Preferably, Step 2 is specifically as follows:

[0022] Step 2.1, based on the waste yard shape determined in Step 1, according to the topographic conditions, preliminarily determine the axis of the open drainage channel, including the setting of turning points of the open drainage channel;

[0023] Step 2.2, based on the axis of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.1, consider the topographic and geological conditions along the axis, and preliminarily determine the longitudinal section of the open drainage channel;

[0024] Step 2.3, based on the longitudinal section of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.2, according to the flood discharge flow under the design flood standard, draw up different flow - through widths, conduct hydraulic calculations for the flow - through of the open drainage channel, and select the flow - through cross - section of the open drainage channel that meets the requirements;

[0025] Step 2.4, based on the flow - through cross - section of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.3, determine the structural shape of the open drainage channel through structural calculations;

[0026] Step 2.5: Design the excavation boundary of the drainage open channel foundation based on the axis of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.1, the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.2, and the structural shape of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.4.

[0027] Step 2.6: Optimize and adjust the layout parameters of the drainage open channel in combination with the terrain and the shape of the spoil ground determined in Step 1. The adjustment steps are as follows: Repeat Step 2.1 to adjust the axis of the drainage open channel, repeat Step 2.2 to make corresponding adjustments to the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel, repeat Step 2.3 for hydraulic calculation, repeat Step 2.4 for the design of the structural shape of the drainage open channel, and repeat Step 2.5 for the design of the excavation boundary of the drainage open channel foundation until the layout parameters of the drainage open channel that are reasonably arranged and meet the flood discharge requirements are determined, including the axis of the drainage open channel, the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel, the structural shape of the drainage open channel, and the excavation boundary of the drainage open channel foundation.

[0028] Preferably, Step 3 is specifically as follows:

[0029] Step 3.1: Determine the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the spoil ground based on the shape of the spoil ground determined in Step 1 and the layout parameters of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.

[0030] Step 3.2: Based on the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the spoil ground determined in Step 3.1, set the drainage directions of the intercepting ditches in sections according to the terrain conditions along the way. The intercepting ditches on the upstream side drain to the upstream side of the drainage open channel, and the intercepting ditches on the downstream side drain to the downstream of the spoil ground; Determine the design standard flow corresponding to the catchment area of each intercepting ditch in sections.

[0031] Step 3.3: Based on the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches determined in Step 3.1, the drainage directions of the intercepting ditches and the design standard flow determined in Step 3.2, set the shape parameters of the intercepting ditches that meet the requirements in sections, including the plane and longitudinal section parameters of the intercepting ditches and the cross-sectional dimensions of the intercepting ditches.

[0032] Preferably, Step 4 is specifically as follows:

[0033] Step 4.1: Redetermine the layout range of the spoil ground based on the excavation boundary of the drainage open channel foundation determined in Step 2 and the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the spoil ground determined in Step 3.

[0034] Step 4.2: Based on the layout range of the spoil ground determined in Step 4.1, set upper reverse stacking slopes on both banks of the spoil ground. The upper part of the upper reverse stacking slope inclines towards the inside of the spoil ground, and a space for arranging drainage facilities is reserved at the toe of the upper reverse stacking slope; Adjust the shape of the spoil ground so that the surface of the adjusted spoil ground forms a drainage slope from both banks to the drainage open channel or intercepting ditches and from the downstream slope to the access road drainage ditch.

[0035] Step 4.3: For the parts where the local stacking boundary of the slag yard is not smoothly connected to the drainage ditches or intercepting ditches on both banks, slopes with a stacking slope ratio slower than that used when determining the shape of the slag yard are adopted, or local low-lying areas are backfilled to connect the drainage ditches or intercepting ditches on both banks, so that the water converging on the slopes of the two sides of the slag yard can flow down the slope and converge into the drainage ditches or intercepting ditches on both banks nearby, thereby determining the optimized shape of the slag yard.

[0036] Step 4.4: Based on the stacking shape of the slag yard determined in Step 4.3, slag retaining walls and slag blocking dams are set at the toe of the slope of the slag yard stacking shape.

[0037] Preferably, Step 5 is specifically as follows:

[0038] Step 5.1: Based on the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 4, determine the stacking range of the slag yard. According to the seepage area of the tributary and main channels covered by the slag yard stacking, determine the drainage volume of the drainage cushion layer design flood control standard by zoning.

[0039] Step 5.2: Based on the zoned drainage volume determined in Step 5.1, determine the layout parameters of the drainage cushion layer for the tributary and main channels respectively, including the plane, longitudinal section and cross section of the drainage cushion layer for the tributary and main channels.

[0040] Preferably, Step 6 is specifically as follows:

[0041] Step 6.1: Based on the optimized shape of the slag yard determined in Step 4, arrange a drainage ditch on the front edge of the slag yard top surface; arrange a drainage ditch on the inner side of each berm.

[0042] Step 6.2: According to the drainage ditch on the slag yard top surface, adjust the drainage slope of the slag yard top surface, and preferably drain it to the side where the drainage ditch is arranged; arrange a drainage ditch on the slope of the slag yard. The drainage ditch on the slope of the slag yard is connected to the drainage ditch on the slag yard top surface and the drainage ditch in sections, and is connected to the drainage ditch in sections between the drainage ditches on the berms and the drainage ditch.

[0043] Step 6.3: Adjust the slope of the drainage ditch on the berm. According to the catchment area, preferably set the drainage slope unidirectionally towards the drainage ditch. If drainage ditches are arranged on both sides of the slag yard, the catchment area is evenly divided, and the drainage ditch on the berm is set with a drainage slope that drains to both sides.

[0044] The optimized method for arranging a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities provided by the present invention has at least the following technical effects and advantages:

[0045] (1) The technical solution provided by this application effectively solves the problem of the adaptation between the shape of the channel-type slag yard and the drainage system. Through the optimization of the layout of drainage facilities and the adjustment and optimization of the shape of the slag yard, the problem of drainage on the top surface of the slag yard in the actual implementation process is solved, and the problem of the drainage facilities becoming "gutter" is avoided.

[0046] (2) The technical solution provided by this application reduces the land occupation of the channel-type slag yard. A reverse stacking slope is set at the top of the slag yard. Compared with the slag yard shape without a reverse stacking slope of the same volume, it reduces the land occupation area, vegetation disturbance, and the scope of soil and water loss, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0047] (3) The technical solution provided by this application reduces the scope of drainage facilities setting in the channel-type slag yard and saves investment. A reverse stacking slope is set at the top of the slag yard, reducing the occupied area, correspondingly reducing the scale of surrounding drainage facilities, and lowering the investment.

[0048] The realization of these technical effects and advantages improves the correlation between the shape of the channel-type slag yard and the layout of the drainage system, reduces the land occupation, and also reduces the project cost, reflecting the innovation, environmental protection, and practicality of the technical solution of this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic plan view of the layout of the channel-type slag yard and the drainage facilities layout in the embodiment of this application.

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic longitudinal section view of the slag yard shape in the embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-section view of the layout of the open drainage channel and the intercepting ditch in the embodiment of this application;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the layout of the drainage ditch on the top surface of the slag yard and the drainage ditch on the access road in the embodiment of this application;

[0053] In the figure: 1---open drainage channel; 2---import of the open drainage channel; 3-1---intercepting ditch discharging to the import of the drainage channel upstream; 3-2---intercepting ditch discharging to the downstream of the slag yard; 4---slag yard; 5---drainage cushion; 6---drainage ditch on the top surface of the slag yard; 7---drainage ditch on the access road; 8---slag retaining wall; 9---arrow indicating the drainage slope and direction; 10---temporary storage area; 11---topographic contour line; 12---original ground line at the bottom of the ditch. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0054] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this invention patent, the following description will be made on the preferred implementation solutions of this invention patent with reference to the accompanying drawings in specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them; it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are only for illustrative purposes and cannot be construed as a limitation to this patent: to better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, which does not represent the size of the actual product; the terrain shown in the drawings only represents an example terrain and does not represent the general terrain; for those skilled in the art, it is understandable that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.

[0055] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper part", "reverse", "inside", "top / bottom", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0056] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with embodiments. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0057] The present invention provides an optimization method for the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities, effectively solving the problem of the adaptation between the shape of the slag yard and the layout of the surrounding drainage facilities, reducing the problems of later adjustment of the stacking shape and drainage facilities, reducing the land occupation of the slag yard, reducing the disturbance to the original ecological vegetation, and saving investment.

[0058] The present invention provides an optimization method for the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities, and the main steps include: Step 1, draw up the layout of the slag yard; Step 2, determine the layout of the open drainage channel; Step 3, determine the layout of the surrounding intercepting ditches; Step 4, optimize and adjust the shape of the slag yard; Step 5, determine the layout of the drainage cushion layer; Step 6, determine the layout of the drainage ditches on the surface of the slag body and the berm.

[0059] The present invention provides an optimization method for the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities, including the following steps:

[0060] Step 1: Determine the shape of the slag yard: Based on the original branch gully terrain determined by the location selection of the slag yard, according to the quantity of the stored waste slag, plan and arrange the shape of the slag yard to determine the shape of the slag yard;

[0061] Specifically, Step 1 is as follows:

[0062] Step 1.1, in the selected branch gully, determine the slag stacking range in the branch gully according to the layout of the surrounding buildings and the requirements of relevant construction specifications, etc.;

[0063] Step 1.2: Determine the stacking slope ratio based on the source of the slag materials.

[0064] Step 1.3: Within the range of the branch gully slag stacking determined in Step 1.1, preliminarily determine the shape of the slag yard that can accommodate the quantity of the stockpiled waste slag according to the stacking slope ratio determined in Step 1.2.

[0065] Step 1.4: Adjust the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1.3, and set upper reverse stacking slopes on both banks of the slag yard. The upper part of the upper reverse stacking slope inclines towards the interior of the slag yard. The capacity of the upper reverse stacking slope is determined according to 5% - 25% of the quantity of the stockpiled waste slag. The above ratios are recommended values and can be comprehensively considered according to topographic conditions, surrounding sensitive factors, land use scope, etc., and adjusted based on the principle of minimizing the elevation of the drainage facility layout, so as to re - determine the shape of the slag yard, which is the stacking shape of the slag yard.

[0066] Step 2: Planning and design of the drainage open channel: Determine the layout parameters of the drainage open channel, including the axis of the drainage open channel, the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel, the structural shape of the drainage open channel, and the excavation boundary of the foundation of the drainage open channel, according to the shape of the slag yard, the topographic conditions for the layout of the drainage open channel, and the design flow rate of the drainage open channel.

[0067] Specifically, Step 2 is as follows:

[0068] Step 2.1: Based on the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1, preliminarily determine the axis of the drainage open channel according to the topographic conditions, including the setting of turning points of the drainage open channel.

[0069] Step 2.2: Based on the axis of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.1, consider the topographic and geological conditions along the axis, and preliminarily determine the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel.

[0070] Step 2.3: Based on the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.2, draw up different flow - through widths according to the flood discharge flow rate under the design flood standard, conduct hydraulic calculations for the flow - through of the drainage open channel, and select a flow - through cross - section of the drainage open channel that meets the requirements.

[0071] Step 2.4: Based on the flow - through cross - section of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.3, determine the structural shape of the drainage open channel through structural calculations.

[0072] Step 2.5: Based on the axis of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.1, the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.2, and the structural shape of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2.4, design the excavation boundary of the foundation of the drainage open channel.

[0073] Step 2.6: Based on the terrain and the waste dump shape determined in Step 1, optimize and adjust the layout parameters of the drainage open channel. The adjustment steps are as follows: Repeat Step 2.1 to adjust the axis of the drainage open channel, repeat Step 2.2 to make corresponding adjustments to the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel, repeat Step 2.3 for hydraulic calculation, repeat Step 2.4 for the design of the structural shape of the drainage open channel, and repeat Step 2.5 for the design of the excavation boundary of the drainage open channel foundation until the layout parameters of the drainage open channel that are reasonably arranged and meet the flood drainage requirements are determined, including the axis of the drainage open channel, the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel, the structural shape of the drainage open channel, and the excavation boundary of the drainage open channel foundation.

[0074] Step 3: Planning and layout of the intercepting ditches around the waste dump: Based on the waste dump shape determined in Step 1 and the layout parameters of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2, considering the terrain conditions along the way, determine the layout parameters of the intercepting ditches; the layout parameters of the intercepting ditches include the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches, the drainage direction of the intercepting ditches, the drainage slope, and the shape parameters of the intercepting ditches; the shape parameters of the intercepting ditches include the plane and longitudinal section parameters of the intercepting ditches and the cross-sectional dimensions of the intercepting ditches.

[0075] Specifically, Step 3 is as follows:

[0076] Step 3.1: Based on the waste dump shape determined in Step 1 and the layout parameters of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2, determine the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the waste dump.

[0077] Step 3.2: Based on the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the waste dump determined in Step 3.1, according to the terrain conditions along the way, set the drainage direction of the intercepting ditches in sections. The intercepting ditches on the upstream side drain to the upstream side of the drainage open channel, and the intercepting ditches on the downstream side drain to the downstream of the waste dump; determine the design standard flow corresponding to the confluence range of each intercepting ditch in sections.

[0078] Step 3.3: Based on the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches determined in Step 3.1, the drainage direction of the intercepting ditches and the design standard flow determined in Step 3.2, set the shape parameters of the intercepting ditches that meet the requirements in sections, including the plane and longitudinal section parameters of the intercepting ditches and the cross-sectional dimensions of the intercepting ditches.

[0079] Step 4: Optimize and adjust the waste dump shape: Based on the excavation slope boundary of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2 and the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches determined in Step 3, optimize and adjust the waste dump shape determined in Step 1 to obtain the optimized waste dump shape.

[0080] Specifically, set upper reverse stacking slopes on both sides of the waste dump. The upper part of the upper reverse stacking slope inclines towards the inside of the waste dump. Set drainage facilities at the toe of the upper reverse stacking slope to minimize the elevation of the drainage facilities layout; it is convenient for construction and avoids forming "gutter". Set retaining facilities at the toe of the waste dump of the waste dump shape determined in Step 1.

[0081] Step 4 is as follows:

[0082] Step 4.1, based on the excavation boundary of the drainage open channel foundation determined in step 2 and the boundary of the intercepting ditch layout around the slag dump determined in step 3, redetermine the slag dump layout scope;

[0083] Step 4.2, based on the slag yard layout range determined in step 4.1, by setting an upper reverse storage slope on both sides of the slag yard, the upper part of the upper reverse storage slope is inclined to the inside of the slag yard, and a drainage facility layout space is reserved at the foot of the upper reverse storage slope; the shape of the slag yard is adjusted, and the surface of the slag yard after adjustment forms a drainage slope from both sides to the drainage open channel or intercepting ditch, and from the downstream slope to the horse road drainage ditch;

[0084] Step 4.3: For the part where the local storage boundary of the slag dump is not connected with the drainage open channels or intercepting ditches on both sides, a slope with a gentler storage slope ratio than that used when determining the slag dump shape, i.e., a slope with a storage slope ratio determined in step 1.2, is adopted, or the local low-lying area is backfilled to connect the drainage open channels or intercepting ditches on both sides, so that the water collected by the slag dump slope on both sides can flow into the drainage open channels or intercepting ditches on both sides along the slope, thereby determining the optimized and adjusted slag dump shape;

[0085] Step 4.4, based on the slag dump shape determined in step 4.3, slag retaining walls, slag dams and other retaining facilities are set at the foot of the slope of the slag dump shape.

[0086] Step 5: Planning and arranging the drainage cushion layer at the bottom of the slag field: Based on the optimized and adjusted slag field shape determined in step 4, drainage cushion layers of branch ditches and main ditches are arranged according to the distribution and direction of ditches within the planned storage range of the slag field;

[0087] Step 5 is as follows:

[0088] Step 5.1, based on the slag dump size determined in step 4, determine the storage range of the slag dump, and determine the drainage volume of the drainage cushion layer according to the flood control design standard according to the seepage area of ​​the branch ditch and main ditch covered by the slag dump;

[0089] Step 5.2, based on the zoned drainage volume determined in step 5.1, determine the layout parameters of the drainage cushion layers of the branch ditch and the main ditch, including the plane, longitudinal section and cross section of the drainage cushion layers of the branch ditch and the main ditch.

[0090] Step 5.2 is as follows:

[0091] Step 5.2.1, the drainage cushion layer is set along the existing water flow direction. The foundation excavation depth is not less than 50cm, and the ups and downs along the ditch bottom are not more than 20cm. The foundation forms a drainage slope downstream to avoid pits and other existing water flows, and backfill to form a continuous drainage cushion layer;

[0092] Step 5.2.2: The cross-sectional area of the drainage cushion is calculated and determined according to seepage requirements, and the permeability coefficient is required to be greater than 10 -1 cm / s. The outside of the drainage cushion is provided with two layers of filter materials + a geotextile in the middle for filter setting to prevent fine particles from entering the drainage cushion and blocking the drainage channel to reduce the permeability coefficient. The filter material is generally 30 cm thick.

[0093] Step 6: Planning and layout of the top drain and berm drain of the spoil ground: Combining with the optimized and adjusted spoil ground shape determined in Step 4, a top drain of the spoil ground is set, the drainage slope of the top drain of the spoil ground is determined, and it is preferentially drained towards the open drainage channel; a berm drain is arranged inside the berm, the drainage direction of the berm drain is set, and it is preferentially drained towards the open drainage channel; longitudinally arranged spoil ground slope drains are set in sections on the storage slopes between the berms. Through the spoil ground slope drains, the water in the top drain of the spoil ground is converged and drained into the open drainage channel in sections, and the water in the berm drain is converged and drained into the open drainage channel.

[0094] Step 6 is specifically as follows:

[0095] Step 6.1: Based on the optimized and adjusted spoil ground shape determined in Step 4, a top drain of the spoil ground is arranged at the front edge of the top of the spoil ground; a berm drain is arranged inside each berm;

[0096] Step 6.2: According to the top drain of the spoil ground, the drainage slope of the top of the spoil ground is adjusted, and it is preferentially drained towards the side where the open drainage channel is arranged; spoil ground slope drains are set on the spoil ground slope, and the spoil ground slope drains are connected to the top drain of the spoil ground and the open drainage channel in sections, and are connected to the berm drain and the open drainage channel in sections;

[0097] In this step, for the drains arranged at the front edge of the top of the spoil ground and on the berms with a length greater than 300 m, spoil ground slope drains running down the slope are set in sections about 150 m - 200 m long. At the same time, for the top drain of the spoil ground and the berm drain between two spoil ground slope drains running down the slope, the drainage directions are set bidirectionally and drained towards the nearby spoil ground slope drains running down the slope. This can reduce the catchment area of the sectional drains, thereby reducing the cross-sectional area of the drain flow, saving investment. At the same time, the drainage efficiency is also improved.

[0098] Step 6.3: Adjust the slope of the berm drain. According to the catchment area, the drainage slope is preferentially set unidirectionally towards the open drainage channel. If open drainage channels are arranged on both sides of the spoil ground, the catchment area is evenly divided, and the berm drain is set with a drainage slope draining towards both sides.

[0099] The present invention provides an optimization method for the layout of a channel - type slag yard and drainage facilities, which makes full use of the drainage surface formed by adjusting and optimizing the shape of the slag yard, and at the same time optimizes the layout of the drainage facilities to form a complete drainage system, so as to solve the problem of rapid and effective drainage on the surface of the channel - type slag yard body, upstream and surrounding areas. It includes: planning and arranging the slag yard based on the quantity of waste slag stored in the slag yard and the topographic and geological conditions of the channel; arranging the drainage facilities according to hydrological data; adjusting and optimizing the shape of the slag yard and optimizing the layout of the drainage facilities.

[0100] As Figures 1 to 4 shown, it is an embodiment diagram of the channel - type slag yard and drainage facilities arranged by using the optimization method for the layout of the channel - type slag yard and drainage facilities of the present invention. In the figure, 1 represents a drainage open channel; 2 represents the inlet of the drainage open channel; 3 - 1 represents a catchment ditch discharging towards the inlet of the upstream drainage open channel; 3 - 2 represents a catchment ditch discharging towards the downstream of the slag yard; 4 represents the slag yard; 5 represents a drainage cushion layer; 6 represents a drainage ditch on the top surface of the slag yard; 7 represents a drainage ditch on the berm; 8 represents a slag retaining wall; 9 represents a drainage slope and direction indication arrow; 10 represents a temporary storage area; 11 represents topographic contour lines; 12 represents the original ground line at the bottom of the ditch.

[0101] The optimization method for the layout of a channel - type slag yard and drainage facilities provided by the present invention has at least the following technical effects and advantages:

[0102] (1) The technical solution provided by the present application enables the shape of the channel - type slag yard to be adapted to the drainage system. After planning the shape of the slag yard and the drainage facilities according to the technical solution provided by the present application, even when the quantity of waste slag is significantly reduced, after the stacking is completed, the top surface of the slag yard can still be higher than the surrounding drainage facilities, and the surface runoff can be discharged into the drainage facilities on both sides nearby. Therefore, the present application effectively solves the problem of drainage on the top surface of the slag yard during actual implementation, and avoids the problem that the drainage facilities become "gutter", that is: it avoids the problem that the drainage facilities of the channel - type slag yard are higher than the top of the slag yard and become "gutter".

[0103] (2) The technical solution provided by the present application reduces the land occupation of the channel - type slag yard. A reverse stacking slope is set on the top of the slag yard. Compared with the shape of the slag yard of the same volume without a reverse stacking slope, it reduces the land occupation area, vegetation disturbance and soil and water loss range, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

[0104] (3) The technical solution provided by the present application reduces the setting range and scale of the drainage facilities of the channel - type slag yard, saving investment. A reverse stacking slope is set on the top of the slag yard, reducing the occupied area, and correspondingly reducing the scale of the surrounding drainage facilities; measures such as setting catchment ditches, drainage ditches and down - slope drainage ditches in sections reduce the scale of the catchment ditches and drainage ditches, and reduce the project investment.

[0105] The realization of these technical effects and advantages improves the correlation between the shape of the channel-type slag yard and the layout of the drainage system, reduces the land occupation, and also reduces the engineering cost, reflecting the innovation, environmental protection and practicability of the technical solution of this application.

[0106] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Determination of the slag yard shape: Based on the original branch gully channel topography determined by the slag yard site selection, according to the quantity of stored waste slag, plan and arrange the shape of the slag yard to determine the shape of the slag yard; Step 2: Planning and design of the drainage open channel: According to the shape of the slag yard, the topographic conditions for the layout of the drainage open channel, and the design flow rate of the drainage open channel, determine the layout parameters of the drainage open channel, including the axis of the drainage open channel, the longitudinal section of the drainage open channel, the structural shape of the drainage open channel, and the excavation boundary of the foundation of the drainage open channel; Step 3: Planning and layout of the intercepting ditch around the slag yard: Combining the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1 and the layout parameters of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2, considering the topographic conditions along the way, determine the layout parameters of the intercepting ditch; the layout parameters of the intercepting ditch include the layout boundary of the intercepting ditch, the drainage direction of the intercepting ditch, and the shape parameters of the intercepting ditch; Step 4: Optimize and adjust the shape of the slag yard: Combining the excavation slope boundary of the drainage open channel determined in Step 2 and the layout boundary of the intercepting ditch determined in Step 3, optimize and adjust the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1 to obtain the optimized and adjusted shape of the slag yard; Specifically, upper reverse stacking slopes are set on both sides of the slag yard, the upper part of the upper reverse stacking slope inclines towards the inside of the slag yard, drainage facilities are set at the toe of the upper reverse stacking slope to minimize the layout elevation of the drainage facilities; retaining facilities are set at the toe of the slope of the slag yard with the shape determined in Step 1; Step 5: Planning and layout of the drainage cushion layer at the bottom of the slag yard: Combining the optimized and adjusted shape of the slag yard determined in Step 4, according to the distribution and trend of the gully within the planned storage range of the slag yard, set branch gully and main gully drainage cushion layers; Step 6: Planning and layout of the drainage ditch on the top surface of the slag yard and the drainage ditch on the access road: Combining the optimized and adjusted shape of the slag yard determined in Step 4, set the drainage ditch on the top surface of the slag yard, determine the drainage slope of the drainage ditch on the top surface of the slag yard, and give priority to draining towards the drainage open channel; arrange the drainage ditch on the access road inside the access road, set the drainage direction of the drainage ditch on the access road, and give priority to draining towards the drainage open channel; longitudinally arranged drainage ditches on the stacking slopes between the access roads are set in sections, and through the drainage ditches on the slopes of the slag yard, the water in the drainage ditch on the top surface of the slag yard is converged and drained into the drainage open channel in sections, and the water in the drainage ditch on the access road is converged and drained into the drainage open channel; 2. The optimized method for arranging a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities according to claim 1, wherein Specifically, Step 1 is as follows: Step 1.1, within the selected branch gully, determine the slag stacking range in the branch gully according to the layout of surrounding buildings; Step 1.2, determine the stacking slope ratio based on the source of the slag material; Step 1.3, within the slag stacking range in the branch gully determined in Step 1.1, according to the stacking slope ratio determined in Step 1.2, preliminarily determine the shape of the slag yard that can meet the quantity of stored waste slag; Step 1.4, adjust the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1.3, set upper reverse stacking slopes on both sides of the slag yard, the upper part of the upper reverse stacking slope inclines towards the inside of the slag yard, and the capacity of the upper reverse stacking slope is determined according to 5% - 25% of the quantity of stored waste slag, so as to re-determine the shape of the slag yard; 3. The optimized method for arranging a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities according to claim 1, wherein Specifically, Step 2 is as follows: Step 2.1, based on the shape of the slag yard determined in Step 1, according to the topographic conditions, preliminarily determine the axis of the drainage open channel, including the setting of turning points of the drainage open channel; Step 2.2: Based on the axis of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.1, considering the topographic and geological conditions along the axis, preliminarily determine the longitudinal section of the open drainage channel. Step 2.3: Based on the longitudinal section of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.2, according to the flow rate of flood passing through under the design flood standard, draw up different flow widths, conduct hydraulic calculations for the flood passing through the open drainage channel, and select the cross-section of the open drainage channel that meets the requirements. Step 2.4: Based on the cross-section of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.3, determine the structural shape of the open drainage channel through structural calculations. Step 2.5: Based on the axis of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.1, the longitudinal section of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.2, and the structural shape of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2.4, design the excavation boundary of the foundation of the open drainage channel. Step 2.6: Combining the topography and the shape of the spoil ground determined in Step 1, optimize and adjust the layout parameters of the open drainage channel. The adjustment steps are as follows: repeat Step 2.1 to adjust the axis of the open drainage channel, repeat Step 2.2 to make corresponding adjustments to the longitudinal section of the open drainage channel, repeat Step 2.3 for hydraulic calculations, repeat Step 2.4 for the design of the structural shape of the open drainage channel, and repeat Step 2.5 for the design of the excavation boundary of the foundation of the open drainage channel until the layout parameters of the open drainage channel that are reasonably arranged and meet the flood drainage requirements are determined, including the axis of the open drainage channel, the longitudinal section of the open drainage channel, the structural shape of the open drainage channel, and the excavation boundary of the foundation of the open drainage channel.

4. A method for optimizing the layout of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that, Step 3 is specifically as follows: Step 3.1: Based on the shape of the spoil ground determined in Step 1 and the layout parameters of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2, determine the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the spoil ground. Step 3.2: Based on the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the spoil ground determined in Step 3.1, according to the topographic conditions along the way, set the drainage directions of the intercepting ditches in sections. The intercepting ditches on the upstream side drain to the upstream side of the open drainage channel, and the intercepting ditches on the downstream side drain to the downstream of the spoil ground; determine the design standard flow rates corresponding to the catchment areas of each intercepting ditch in sections. Step 3.3: Based on the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches determined in Step 3.1, the drainage directions of the intercepting ditches determined in Step 3.2, and the design standard flow rates, set the shape parameters of the intercepting ditches that meet the requirements in sections, including the plane and longitudinal section parameters of the intercepting ditches and the cross-sectional dimensions of the intercepting ditches.

5. The optimized method for arranging a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 4 is specifically as follows: Step 4.1: Based on the excavation boundary of the foundation of the open drainage channel determined in Step 2 and the layout boundary of the intercepting ditches around the spoil ground determined in Step 3, re-determine the layout range of the spoil ground. Step 4.2: Based on the layout range of the spoil ground determined in Step 4.1, by setting upper reverse stacking slopes on both banks of the spoil ground, with the upper part of the upper reverse stacking slope inclining towards the inside of the spoil ground, reserve space for the layout of drainage facilities at the toe of the upper reverse stacking slope; adjust the shape of the spoil ground, and after adjustment, a drainage slope is formed on the surface of the spoil ground from both banks to the open drainage channel or the intercepting ditch, and from the downstream slope to the drainage ditch on the access road. Step 4.3: For the parts where the local stacking boundary of the waste yard is not smoothly connected to the drainage channels or intercepting ditches on both banks, adopt slopes with a stacking slope ratio gentler than that used when determining the waste yard shape, or backfill the local low-lying areas to connect the drainage channels or intercepting ditches on both banks, so that the water converging on the slopes of the waste yards on both sides can flow down the slope and converge into the drainage channels or intercepting ditches on both banks nearby, thereby determining the optimized waste yard shape after adjustment; Step 4.4: Based on the waste yard stacking shape determined in Step 4.3, set up retaining walls and debris dams at the toe of the slope of the waste yard stacking shape as retaining facilities.

6. The optimized method for arranging a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities according to claim 1, wherein Step 5 is specifically as follows: Step 5.1: Based on the waste yard shape determined in Step 4, determine the waste yard stacking range, and determine the drainage volume of the designed flood control standard of the drainage cushion in different zones according to the seepage areas of the tributary ditches and main ditches covered by the waste yard stacking. Step 5.2: Based on the zonal drainage volumes determined in Step 5.1, determine the layout parameters of the drainage cushions for the tributary ditches and main ditches respectively, including the plan, longitudinal section and cross-section of the drainage cushions for the tributary ditches and main ditches.

7. The optimized layout method of a channel-type slag yard and drainage facilities according to claim 1, characterized in that Step 6 is specifically as follows: Step 6.1: Based on the optimized waste yard shape determined in Step 4, arrange a drainage ditch on the front edge of the waste yard top surface; arrange a drainage ditch on the inner side of each berm. Step 6.2: According to the drainage ditch on the waste yard top surface, adjust the drainage slope of the waste yard top surface, and preferentially drain towards the side where the drainage channel is arranged; arrange a drainage ditch on the waste yard slope surface, and the drainage ditch on the waste yard slope surface is connected to the drainage ditch on the waste yard top surface and the drainage channel in sections, and is connected to the drainage ditch on the berm and the drainage channel in sections. Step 6.3: Adjust the slope of the drainage ditch on the berm. According to the catchment area, preferentially set the drainage slope unidirectionally towards the drainage channel. If drainage channels are arranged on both sides of the waste yard, evenly divide the catchment area, and set the drainage slope of the drainage ditch on the berm to drain towards both sides.

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