Historical building reinforcement decision-making method based on BIM technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a historical building reinforcement decision-making method based on a BIM (Building Information Modeling) technology, relates to the technical field of building reinforcement, and solves the technical problem that complex structure information, various damage conditions, unique material properties and strict protection requirements of a historical building are difficult to comprehensively consider. According to the method, the BIM technology is utilized to establish the three-dimensional model and map the building data, so that the structural information of the historical building can be comprehensively and accurately obtained, a basis is provided for scientifically judging the reinforcement requirement, the material property, the reinforcement purpose and the protection requirement of the reinforcement area are systematically analyzed, the determination method and process of each factor are clarified, and the construction efficiency is improved. The matching degree of the reinforcement scheme and the actual demand is improved, the comprehensive index is obtained by calculating the adaptation value of the reinforcement mode, the reinforcement purpose and the protection demand, the standard reinforcement mode is determined through multiple rounds of screening, it is ensured that the selected reinforcement scheme can meet the structural safety requirement, and the appearance, historical and cultural value and original structure of the historical building can be protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building reinforcement, and particularly to a decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology. Background Art

[0002] Since the artistic walls of historical buildings have great historical, scientific and artistic values, during special structural renovations, it is necessary to demolish the walls as a whole, relocate, repair and restore them to avoid damaging their historical, scientific and artistic values.

[0003] According to the patent application with the publication number CN110306820A, a reinforcement method for unitized partition walls of historical buildings is disclosed, which specifically includes the following steps: setting a support structure for a ground beam at the bottom of the unitized partition wall; implanting tie bars and tying a steel mesh on the back of the unitized partition wall; installing a casting formwork on the unitized partition wall; pouring concrete into the casting formwork to generate a unit composite wall; and opening a groove on the upper end face of the unit composite wall and installing a waterstop rubber strip in the groove.

[0004] However, when some existing reinforcement decision-making methods are used, it is difficult to comprehensively consider the complex structural information, diverse damage conditions, unique material properties and strict protection requirements of historical buildings. With the improvement of the awareness of historical building protection and the development of technology, higher requirements are put forward for the accuracy, scientificity and protection of reinforcement schemes. There is an urgent need for a new method to solve these problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology, which solves the problem of being difficult to comprehensively consider the complex structural information, diverse damage conditions, unique material properties and strict protection requirements of historical buildings.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0007] Establish a three-dimensional model of the target historical building through BIM technology, and at the same time map the building data of the target historical building into the three-dimensional model to obtain an optimized model;

[0008] Obtain the structural information of the target historical building based on the obtained optimized model, and judge the reinforcement requirements of the target historical building according to the structural information to generate a judgment result;

[0009] Analyze the obtained abnormal building signals, obtain the regional information of the reinforcement area, and determine the material properties, reinforcement purposes and protection requirements of the reinforcement area;

[0010] Obtain the corresponding reinforcement method based on the material properties, calculate the adaptation values between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements respectively, and calculate the comprehensive index of the reinforcement method;

[0011] Analyze and screen the comprehensive index to obtain the preselected methods, and generate the standard reinforcement method information by comprehensively analyzing the preselected methods and the reinforcement methods corresponding to the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific method for generating the judgment result is:

[0013] Judge the appearance damage condition of the target historical building according to the obtained structural information, generate an appearance damage signal and an appearance normal signal, and at the same time identify and judge the internal damage of the target historical building, and generate an internal damage signal and an internal normal signal;

[0014] Further, comprehensively judge by combining the appearance damage and the internal damage. When an appearance normal signal and an internal normal signal are generated, a normal building signal is generated, otherwise an abnormal building signal is generated.

[0015] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific method for analyzing the abnormal building signal is:

[0016] Obtain the reinforcement area corresponding to the target historical building, and at the same time obtain the regional materials, regional reinforcement purposes and regional protection requirements of the reinforcement area, and analyze the three respectively;

[0017] Analyze the regional materials of the reinforcement area to obtain the building materials of the reinforcement area, and at the same time obtain the corresponding regional area of the building materials, and select the building material with the largest regional area value as the standard to qualitatively determine the regional materials of the reinforcement area to obtain the material properties;

[0018] Analyze the regional reinforcement purpose of the reinforcement area, judge by comprehensively considering the appearance damage and the internal damage, determine the regional reinforcement purpose of the reinforcement area, and generate the reinforcement purpose;

[0019] Analyze the regional protection requirements of the reinforcement area and generate the protection requirements.

[0020] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific method for calculating the adaptation value between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement purpose is:

[0021] Obtain the reinforcement methods based on material properties, label them as i, where i = 1, 2, …, j, and j represents the types of reinforcement methods. Quantify the reinforcement objectives to obtain the load - bearing capacity improvement score, durability enhancement score, and applicability improvement score. Then, according to the formula: reinforcement objective matching value = load - bearing capacity improvement score × load - bearing capacity improvement weight + durability enhancement score × durability enhancement weight + applicability improvement score × applicability improvement weight, calculate the reinforcement objective matching value between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement objective.

[0022] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific method for calculating the matching value between the reinforcement method and the protection requirement is as follows:

[0023] Quantify the protection requirement to obtain the structural safety protection score, environmental coordination protection score, and service function protection score. Then, according to the formula: protection requirement matching value = structural safety protection score × structural safety protection weight + environmental coordination protection score × environmental coordination protection weight + service function protection score × service function protection weight, calculate the protection requirement matching value between the protection requirement and the reinforcement method.

[0024] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific method for calculating the comprehensive index of the reinforcement method is as follows:

[0025] Calculate the sum of the reinforcement objective matching value and the protection requirement matching value, and denote it as the comprehensive index of the reinforcement method;

[0026] And so on, record the comprehensive indexes of all reinforcement methods and denote them as Ga.

[0027] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific method for generating the standard reinforcement method information is as follows:

[0028] Compare the comprehensive index Ga corresponding to the reinforcement method a with the preset value Gy, screen out the reinforcement methods with the comprehensive index Ga greater than the preset value Gy, and denote them as the pre - selected methods. Then, obtain the reinforcement methods corresponding to the reinforcement objective and the protection requirement, denoted as the objective reinforcement method and the requirement reinforcement method, and judge the generality among the pre - selected methods, the objective reinforcement method, and the requirement reinforcement method. At the same time, screen out the pre - selected methods with generality and mark them as the methods to be analyzed. Taking the method to be analyzed with the largest comprehensive index as the standard, generate the standard reinforcement method information;

[0029] If there is no generality among the pre - selected methods, the objective reinforcement method, and the requirement reinforcement method, then select the pre - selected method with the largest comprehensive index as the standard to generate the standard reinforcement method information.

[0030] The present invention provides a decision - making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology. Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0031] By using BIM technology to establish a three-dimensional model and map building data, the present invention can comprehensively and accurately obtain the structural information of historical buildings, providing a basis for scientifically judging the reinforcement requirements, systematically analyzing the material properties, reinforcement purposes and protection requirements of the reinforcement area, clarifying the determination methods and processes of various factors, improving the matching degree between the reinforcement plan and the actual requirements, calculating the adaptation value of the reinforcement method to the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements, obtaining a comprehensive index, and then determining the standard reinforcement method through multiple rounds of screening, ensuring that the selected reinforcement plan can not only meet the structural safety requirements, but also maximize the protection of the appearance, historical and cultural value and original structure of historical buildings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a diagram of the method steps of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0033] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0034] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1 , the present application provides a decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology, and the method specifically includes the following steps:

[0035] Step S01: Establish a three-dimensional model of the target historical building through BIM technology, and at the same time map the building data of the target historical building into the three-dimensional model to obtain an optimized model.

[0036] Step S02: Obtain the structural information of the target historical building based on the obtained optimized model, and the structural information includes structural materials, structural types and structural data, and judge the reinforcement requirements of the target historical building according to the structural information to generate a judgment result.

[0037] Judge the appearance damage condition of the target historical building according to the obtained structural information. Through image recognition algorithm analysis of high-definition images, judge the appearance damage condition according to the preset damage degree quantization standard, and generate an appearance damage signal and an appearance normal signal. At the same time, identify and judge the internal damage of the target historical building, and generate an internal damage signal and an internal normal signal; and the method for judging the internal damage here is to detect the internal part by using ultrasonic waves. In addition, it can also be detected by radar scanning.

[0038] Based on a comprehensive judgment of further combined appearance damage and internal damage, when the appearance normal signal and the internal normal signal are generated, it indicates that the target historical building is normal as a whole, and a normal building signal is generated. On the contrary, if there is any damage, it indicates that the target historical building is abnormal as a whole, and an abnormal building signal is generated.

[0039] Step S03: Analyze the obtained abnormal building signal. By obtaining the regional information of the reinforcement area, determine the material properties, reinforcement purposes, and protection requirements of the reinforcement area.

[0040] Obtain the reinforcement area corresponding to the target historical building. At the same time, obtain the regional materials, regional reinforcement purposes, and regional protection requirements of the reinforcement area, and analyze the three respectively to obtain the material properties, reinforcement purposes, and protection requirements of the reinforcement area.

[0041] Analyze the regional materials of the reinforcement area. Obtain the building materials of the reinforcement area and label them as a respectively, where a = 1, 2,..., b, and b represents the types of building materials. The specific types of building materials include masonry materials, wood, and concrete. At the same time, obtain the regional area corresponding to the building material a, and select the building material with the largest regional area value as the standard to qualitatively determine the regional materials of the reinforcement area and obtain the material properties.

[0042] For example, in the reinforcement area of a historical building, blue bricks (label a = 1), pine wood (label a = 2), and early cast concrete (label a = 3) are detected. At this time, b = 3. Using measuring tools and surveying and mapping techniques, accurately measure the regional area Sa corresponding to each labeled building material a. After careful measurement, the blue brick regional area S1 = 30 square meters, the pine wood regional area S2 = 15 square meters, and the concrete regional area S3 = 20 square meters. Therefore, taking the concrete material as the standard, the material properties are obtained.

[0043] Analyze the regional reinforcement purposes of the reinforcement area. By comprehensively judging the appearance damage and internal damage, determine the reinforcement purposes of the reinforcement area and generate the reinforcement purposes. The specific reinforcement purposes include improving the bearing capacity, enhancing the seismic resistance, and repairing cracks. For the reinforcement purposes of improving the bearing capacity and enhancing the seismic resistance, the two are in a mutually inclusive relationship.

[0044] For example, in a historical building, due to its long age, the steel bars of some concrete frame columns are severely corroded, resulting in a reduction in the compressive bearing capacity of the columns. At the same time, the seismic fortification intensity in the area where the building is located has increased, and the existing structure has insufficient seismic resistance. In this case, the reinforcement measures should not only increase the bearing capacity of the columns by methods such as increasing the column section and replacing the corroded steel bars.

[0045] Analyze the area protection requirements of the reinforcement area and generate protection requirements. Here, the protection requirements specifically include the impact on the building appearance (for example, for a historical building with a traditional blue brick exterior wall, similar-colored blue bricks or new imitation blue brick materials should be selected for repair and reinforcement during reinforcement, and modern materials with abrupt colors should be avoided to maintain the integrity of the building appearance), the protection of historical and cultural values (for buildings with commemorative significance of important historical events, structures or components related to the historical event should be avoided from being demolished or modified during the reinforcement process; for buildings with unique architectural styles, it is necessary to ensure that the reinforcement plan does not change their original architectural style and layout), and the protection of the original structure (for example, when reinforcing a wooden structure building, a reinforcement method with less damage to the original structure should be preferred, such as using carbon fiber cloth for local reinforcement instead of large-scale demolition and replacement of wooden components), and it is specifically determined in combination with the actual situation;

[0046] Step S04: Obtain the corresponding reinforcement method based on the material properties, calculate the adaptation values between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements respectively, and calculate the comprehensive index of the reinforcement method.

[0047] Obtain the reinforcement methods based on material properties, label them as i, where i = 1, 2, …, j, and j represents the types of reinforcement methods. Then, quantify the reinforcement objectives and protection requirements to obtain the load-carrying capacity improvement score, durability enhancement score, and applicability improvement score. Specifically, the load-carrying capacity improvement score indicates the increase in the load-carrying capacity of the structure after adopting this reinforcement method through structural mechanics calculations. For example, if the original load-carrying capacity of the structure is 1000 kN and after adopting a certain reinforcement method, the load-carrying capacity is increased to 1500 kN through calculation, the increase amplitude is 50%. A matching score can be given according to the closeness of the increase amplitude to the expected target. If the increase amplitude reaches more than 80% of the expected target, a score of more than 80 can be given. Suppose a score of 85 is given here. The durability enhancement score indicates the increased service life of the structure after reinforcement evaluated based on the performance parameters of the reinforcement material and relevant code standards. For example, after adopting a certain anti-corrosion coating reinforcement measure, the durability of the structure is evaluated to be increased from the original 50 years to 80 years, an increase of 30 years. A score can be given according to the compliance of the increased service life with the expected durability target. If it basically meets the expectation, 75 points can be given. The applicability improvement score indicates the evaluation of the impact on the building's use function and space after reinforcement. For example, if there is no obvious change in the internal space of the building after reinforcement and the use function fully meets the requirements, 90 points can be given; if there is a certain impact but not serious, 60 - 80 points can be given according to the specific situation. Suppose 70 points are given here because some pipes are exposed after reinforcement, affecting the aesthetics of some spaces. And calculate the reinforcement objective matching value between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement objective according to the formula: reinforcement objective matching value = load-carrying capacity improvement score × load-carrying capacity improvement weight + durability enhancement score × durability enhancement weight + applicability improvement score × applicability improvement weight, and the specific values of the load-carrying capacity improvement weight, durability enhancement weight, and applicability improvement weight are determined by the operator according to the actual situation;

[0048] Similarly, the protection requirements are quantitatively processed to obtain the structural safety protection score, the environmental coordination protection score, and the service function protection score. Specifically, the structural safety protection score indicates that, according to the structure calculation, if the structural strength improvement after reinforcement meets the expected design standard and reaches or exceeds the target value, a score of more than 85 can be obtained; if it is close to the target value but slightly insufficient, a score of 70-84 can be obtained. The environmental coordination protection score indicates that the appearance of the building after reinforcement naturally integrates with the surrounding environment, and there is no abruptness in terms of color, material, etc., a score of more than 85 can be obtained; if it is basically coordinated but there are some small flaws, a score of 70-84 can be obtained. The service function protection score indicates that the internal space layout of the building after reinforcement is reasonable, and there is no obvious space waste or inconvenience in use, a score of more than 85 can be obtained; if there are certain restrictions on the use of some spaces but it does not affect the main functions, a score of 70-84 can be obtained. And according to the formula protection requirement matching value = structural safety protection score × structural safety protection weight + environmental coordination protection score × environmental coordination protection weight + service function protection score × service function protection weight, the protection requirement matching value between the protection requirements and the reinforcement methods is calculated, and the specific values of the structural safety protection weight, the environmental coordination protection weight, and the service function protection weight are determined by the operator according to the actual situation;

[0049] Calculate the sum of the reinforcement purpose matching value and the protection requirement matching value, and record it as the comprehensive index of the reinforcement method. By analogy, record the comprehensive indexes of all reinforcement methods and record them as Ga.

[0050] Step S05: Analyze and screen the comprehensive index to obtain the preliminary selection methods, and generate the standard reinforcement method information by comprehensively analyzing the preliminary selection methods and the reinforcement methods corresponding to the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements.

[0051] Obtain the comprehensive index Ga corresponding to the reinforcement method a. At the same time, compare the comprehensive index Ga with the preset value Gy, and the specific value of the preset value is set by the operator. Screen the reinforcement methods with the comprehensive index Ga greater than the preset value Gy, and record them as the preliminary selection methods. Then obtain the reinforcement methods corresponding to the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements respectively, and record them as the purpose reinforcement method and the requirement reinforcement method. And judge the generality among the preliminary selection methods, the purpose reinforcement method, and the requirement reinforcement method. Here, the generality means that the preliminary selection method can meet the common requirements of the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements. At the same time, screen the preliminary selection methods with generality and mark them as the methods to be analyzed. And take the method to be analyzed with the largest comprehensive index as the standard to generate the standard reinforcement method information;

[0052] If there is no generality among the preliminary selection methods, the purpose reinforcement method, and the requirement reinforcement method, then select the preliminary selection method with the largest comprehensive index as the standard to generate the standard reinforcement method information.

[0053] For some of the data in the above formula, only their numerical values are taken for calculation, without substituting the parameter units, and the content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

[0054] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology, characterized in that The method specifically includes the following steps: Establish a three-dimensional model of the target historical building through BIM technology, and at the same time map the building data of the target historical building into the three-dimensional model to obtain an optimized model; Obtain the structural information of the target historical building based on the obtained optimized model, and judge the reinforcement requirements of the target historical building according to the structural information to generate a judgment result; Analyze the obtained abnormal building signals, obtain the regional information of the reinforcement area, and determine the material properties, reinforcement purposes and protection requirements of the reinforcement area; Obtain the corresponding reinforcement method based on the material properties, and calculate the matching values between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements respectively, and calculate the comprehensive index of the reinforcement method; Analyze and screen the comprehensive index to obtain a preliminary selection method, and comprehensively analyze the preliminary selection method and the reinforcement method corresponding to the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements to generate standard reinforcement method information.

2. The decision-making method for historical building reinforcement based on BIM technology according to claim 1, wherein The specific method for generating the judgment result is as follows: Judge the appearance damage condition of the target historical building according to the obtained structural information, and generate an appearance damage signal and an appearance normal signal. At the same time, identify and judge the internal damage of the target historical building, and generate an internal damage signal and an internal normal signal; And make a comprehensive judgment by combining the appearance damage and the internal damage. If an appearance normal signal and an internal normal signal are generated, a normal building signal is generated, otherwise an abnormal building signal is generated.

3. The decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that, The specific method for analyzing the abnormal building signal is as follows: Obtain the reinforcement area corresponding to the target historical building, and at the same time obtain the regional materials, regional reinforcement purposes and regional protection requirements of the reinforcement area, and analyze the three respectively; Analyze the regional materials of the reinforcement area, obtain the building materials of the reinforcement area, and at the same time obtain the corresponding regional area of the building materials, and select the building material with the largest regional area value as the standard to qualitatively analyze the regional materials of the reinforcement area to obtain the material properties; Analyze the regional reinforcement purpose of the reinforcement area, judge by comprehensively considering the appearance damage and the internal damage, determine the reinforcement purpose of the reinforcement area, and generate the reinforcement purpose; Analyze the regional protection requirements of the reinforcement area and generate the protection requirements.

4. The decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific method for calculating the matching value between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement purpose is as follows: Obtain the reinforcement method based on the material properties and label it as i, and i = 1, 2,..., j, where j represents the type of reinforcement method. Quantify the reinforcement purpose to obtain the bearing capacity improvement score, durability enhancement score and applicability improvement score, and calculate the reinforcement purpose matching value between the reinforcement method and the reinforcement purpose according to the formula reinforcement purpose matching value = bearing capacity improvement score × bearing capacity improvement weight + durability enhancement score × durability enhancement weight + applicability improvement score × applicability improvement weight; 5. The decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific method for calculating the matching value between the reinforcement method and the protection requirement is as follows: Quantify the protection requirements to obtain the structural safety protection score, environmental coordination protection score, and service function protection score, and calculate the protection requirement adaptation value between the protection requirements and the strengthening methods according to the formula: protection requirement adaptation value = structural safety protection score × structural safety protection weight + environmental coordination protection score × environmental coordination protection weight + service function protection score × service function protection weight.

6. The decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific method for calculating the comprehensive index of the strengthening method is as follows: Calculate the sum of the reinforcement purpose matching value and the protection requirement matching value, and denote it as the comprehensive index of the strengthening method; By analogy, record the comprehensive indices of all strengthening methods and denote them as Ga.

7. The decision-making method for the reinforcement of historical buildings based on BIM technology according to claim 1, characterized in that The specific method for generating the standard strengthening method information is as follows: Compare the comprehensive index Ga corresponding to the strengthening method a with the preset value Gy, screen out the strengthening methods with the comprehensive index Ga greater than the preset value Gy, and denote them as the preliminary selection methods. Then, obtain the strengthening methods corresponding to the reinforcement purpose and protection requirements respectively, denoted as the purpose strengthening method and the requirement strengthening method, and judge the generality among the preliminary selection methods, the purpose strengthening method, and the requirement strengthening method. At the same time, screen out the preliminary selection methods with generality and mark them as the methods to be analyzed, and generate the standard strengthening method information based on the method to be analyzed with the largest comprehensive index; If there is no generality among the preliminary selection methods, the purpose strengthening method, and the requirement strengthening method, select the preliminary selection method with the largest comprehensive index as the standard to generate the standard strengthening method information.

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