Low-temperature-difference low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate

Abstract

A liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance relates to the technical field of liquid cooling plate structures and comprises an upper cover plate and a runner plate, the upper cover plate is attached to the runner plate, a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet are arranged on the same side of one end of the runner plate, a liquid inlet runner is arranged on the side of the cooling liquid inlet, and a liquid outlet runner is arranged on the side of the cooling liquid outlet; the liquid inlet runner independently forms a plurality of liquid inlet sub-runners for a cooling medium to flow, each sub-runner is a combination of different runner cavities from a single cavity to multiple cavities, and a liquid inlet turbulent flow runner is arranged in the middle of each sub-runner; a main confluence runner communicated with the liquid outlet runner is arranged at the tail end of each liquid inlet sub-runner, and a multi-island confluence runner is further arranged at the tail end, far away from the liquid outlet runner, of the liquid inlet sub-runner; the liquid outlet flow channel is of a multi-cavity gradually-decreased flow channel structure. The liquid cooling plate is relatively simple in structure, good in heat dissipation effect and low in flow resistance. The liquid cooling plate is used for more uniform surface temperature distribution of the battery, the surface temperature difference of the battery is controlled within 2 DEG C, and the flow resistance is less than 20Kpa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of liquid cooling plate structures, and in particular to a low temperature difference and low flow resistance liquid cooling plate. Background Art

[0002] With the widespread application of lithium-ion batteries in electric vehicles, energy storage systems and other fields, their energy density and power density continue to increase, but the risk of thermal runaway has also increased significantly. If the heat generated during battery charging and discharging cannot be dissipated in time, it will lead to uneven temperature distribution, performance degradation and even safety accidents. Traditional air cooling technology is difficult to meet the needs of high-power scenarios due to its low efficiency and weak temperature control capabilities. Liquid cooling technology has gradually become the mainstream choice due to its higher heat dissipation efficiency.

[0003] The liquid cooling plate is closely attached to the battery surface, and the fluid medium flows through the liquid cooling plate flow channel to take away the heat generated by the battery, thereby realizing the battery thermal management function. The most important purpose is to achieve the smallest possible temperature difference on the battery surface, which is generally controlled within 2-3 degrees Celsius under 0.5C working conditions, and the pressure drop is as low as possible. For 104s, it is generally required to be within 25Kpa, depending on the actual working conditions. The prior art discloses a solution by optimizing the liquid cooling plate flow channel structure, such as CN118610643A discloses a liquid cooling plate flow channel structure for heat dissipation of a battery pack, a cooling method for a battery pack and a liquid cooling plate flow channel, wherein a cooling medium inlet and a cooling medium outlet are arranged on the same side of one end of the lower liquid cooling plate, an inlet side flow channel is arranged on the cooling medium inlet side, and an outlet side flow channel is arranged on the cooling medium outlet side, the inlet side flow channel and the outlet side flow channel are arranged relative to each other to form an asymmetric structure, the inlet side flow channel and the outlet side flow channel are independently formed into a plurality of branch flow channels, and each branch flow channel is designed to be a combination of different numbers of flow channel cavities from a single cavity to multiple cavities to regulate the flow rate and flow velocity of the cooling medium flowing through the branch flow channel, the number of flow channel cavities arranged on the branch flow channel with a long path through which the cooling medium flows is greater than that on the branch flow channel with a short path, and the outlet side flow channel can distribute more fluid per unit time and unit length to reduce the temperature difference of the battery pack. However, the liquid cooling plate flow channel structure is complex, and its flow resistance is relatively large.

[0004] High-performance liquid cooling plates can reasonably control the temperature difference on the battery surface and the pressure drop in the flow channel, thereby extending the battery life and reducing energy consumption. Therefore, how to achieve high-performance liquid cooling plate design is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a low temperature difference and low flow resistance liquid cooling plate with a simple structure and low battery surface temperature difference.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: A low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate, comprising: an upper cover plate and a flow channel plate, the upper cover plate is attached to the flow channel plate, a coolant inlet and a coolant outlet are arranged on the same side at one end of the flow channel plate, a liquid inlet flow channel is arranged on the coolant inlet side, and a liquid outlet flow channel is arranged on the coolant outlet side; the liquid inlet flow channel independently forms a plurality of liquid inlet shunt channels for the cooling medium to flow through, each liquid inlet shunt channel is a combination of different flow channel cavities from a single cavity to multiple cavities, and at least one liquid inlet shunt channel is provided with a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel in the middle; a main confluence flow channel communicating with the liquid outlet flow channel is arranged at the end of each liquid inlet shunt channel, and a multi-island confluence flow channel is also arranged at the end of the liquid inlet shunt channel far from the liquid outlet flow channel; the liquid outlet flow channel is a flow channel structure with decreasing multiple cavities.

[0007] For the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate of the present invention, the liquid inlet flow channel changes from a single cavity to multiple cavities, which is convenient for the battery to dissipate heat quickly and the temperature distribution is uniform. The liquid inlet turbulent flow channel arranged in the middle of the liquid inlet flow channel can not only guide the shunt of the coolant during the increase of the cavity number of the liquid inlet flow channel as a diversion block, but also make the coolant turbulent, reduce the temperature distribution difference between different cavities of the same shunt channel, and improve the overall heat dissipation performance of the liquid cooling plate; the overall layout of the flow channels of this liquid cooling plate is to make the temperature distribution on the battery surface more uniform, and this flow channel can ensure that under the normal operating conditions of the battery, the temperature difference on the battery surface is controlled within 2°C. The main confluence flow channel at the end of the liquid inlet shunt channel and the multi-island confluence flow channel at the end of the liquid inlet shunt channel far from the liquid outlet flow channel effectively reduce the flow resistance between the multiple liquid inlet flow channel shunt channels flowing into the same liquid outlet flow channel, and further effectively reduce the flow channel pressure drop.

[0008] In a certain exemplary embodiment, an auxiliary confluence flow channel is arranged between the ends of adjacent liquid inlet shunt channels; a liquid outlet turbulent flow channel is arranged in the middle of the liquid outlet flow channel.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the auxiliary confluence flow channel is greater than or equal to the diameter of the main confluence flow channel, so as to accelerate the rapid entry of the coolant in the liquid inlet flow channel on the side of the liquid cooling plate far from the liquid outlet flow channel into the liquid outlet flow channel, further reduce the flow resistance, and reduce the flow channel pressure drop.

[0010] The liquid inlet turbulent flow channel and the liquid outlet turbulent flow channel are composed of a first partition plate and a second partition plate arranged at intervals. The number of the first partition plates ≥ the number of the second partition plates, and the length of the first partition plate is shorter than that of the second partition plate, and they have the same width. The number of cavities in the multi-cavity flow channel adjacent to the second partition plate ≥ the number of cavities in the multi-cavity flow channel adjacent to the first partition plate.

[0011] In a certain exemplary embodiment, the liquid inlet flow divider includes a first liquid inlet flow divider, a second liquid inlet flow divider, and a third liquid inlet flow divider. The first liquid inlet flow divider and the second liquid inlet flow divider are successively provided with a single-chamber flow channel, a double-chamber flow channel, a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel, a triple-chamber flow channel, and a multi-island confluence flow channel. A secondary confluence flow channel is provided between the multi-island confluence flow channels of the first liquid inlet flow divider and the second liquid inlet flow divider, and between the multi-island confluence flow channel of the second liquid inlet flow divider and the end of the third liquid inlet flow divider. The third liquid inlet flow divider is successively provided with a single-chamber flow channel, a double-chamber flow channel, a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel, and a triple-chamber flow channel. The liquid outlet flow channel is a combined structure of a triple-chamber flow channel, a liquid outlet turbulent flow channel, and a triple-chamber flow channel.

[0012] In a certain exemplary embodiment, the liquid inlet flow divider includes a first liquid inlet flow divider, a second liquid inlet flow divider, and a third liquid inlet flow divider. The first liquid inlet flow divider successively has a single-chamber flow channel, a double-chamber flow channel, a triple-chamber flow channel, and a multi-island confluence flow channel along the coolant flow direction. The second liquid inlet flow divider successively has a single-chamber flow channel, a double-chamber flow channel, a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel, a triple-chamber flow channel, and a multi-island confluence flow channel along the coolant flow direction. A secondary confluence flow channel is provided between the multi-island confluence flow channels of the first liquid inlet flow divider and the second liquid inlet flow divider, and between the multi-island confluence flow channel of the second liquid inlet flow divider and the end of the third liquid inlet flow divider. The third liquid inlet flow divider successively has a single-chamber flow channel, a double-chamber flow channel, a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel, and a triple-chamber flow channel along the coolant flow direction. Among them, the double-chamber flow channel includes a double-narrow chamber flow channel and a double-wide chamber flow channel arranged successively along the coolant flow direction. The liquid outlet flow channel is a combined structure of a triple-chamber flow channel, a liquid outlet turbulent flow channel, and a triple-chamber flow channel.

[0013] Since the material thickness of the liquid cooling plate itself is mostly 1 to 1.5 mm, in order to improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the liquid cooling plate, preferably, a first reinforcing rib is provided in the middle of the adjacent sides of the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet of the flow channel plate. Second reinforcing ribs are provided on the other side of the coolant inlet and the coolant outlet, in the gap between the single-chamber flow channels of the inlet liquid flow channel, and in the middle of the double-chamber flow channel. The first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib play a role in strengthening the structural load-bearing, thereby improving the pressure-bearing capacity of the liquid cooling plate and the flow channel.

[0014] Connection screw holes are provided on the first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib, which is convenient for the installation and fixation of the upper cover plate and the flow channel plate, and can enhance the overall strength of the liquid cooling plate.

[0015] The first reinforcing rib and the second reinforcing rib are composed of multiple short rib plates arranged at intervals.

[0016] Preferably, the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate is a 1P104s battery liquid cooling plate. It should be noted that: 1P104S means 104 battery cells on one liquid cooling plate.

[0017] The beneficial effects of a low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate according to the present invention: The structure of this liquid cooling plate is relatively simple, facilitating large-scale production. Its flow channel plate has a "three-in-one-out" distribution structure, with good heat dissipation effect and low flow resistance. This liquid cooling plate is used to make the surface temperature distribution of the battery more uniform. The flow channel can ensure that under the normal operating conditions of the battery, the surface temperature difference of the battery with 1P104S (104 battery cells on one liquid cooling plate) is controlled within 2°C, and the flow resistance is less than 20 Kpa. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 — is a three-dimensional view of the usage state of a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance and a battery cell module of the present invention; Figure 2 — is a schematic structural view of the flow channel plate in a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 1; Figure 3 — is a battery surface temperature distribution diagram of a simulation experiment (inlet flow rate 8 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, 0.5C working condition) of a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 1; Figure 4 — is a temperature distribution diagram of the flow channel plate in a simulation experiment (inlet flow rate 8 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, 0.5C working condition) of a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 1; Figure 5 — is a battery surface temperature distribution diagram of a simulation experiment (inlet flow rate 10 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, 0.5C working condition) of a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 1; Figure 6 — is a schematic structural view of the flow channel plate in a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 2; Figure 7 — is a battery surface temperature distribution diagram of a simulation experiment (inlet flow rate 10 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, 0.5C working condition) of a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 2; Figure 8 — is a temperature distribution diagram of the flow channel plate in a simulation experiment (inlet flow rate 10 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, 0.5C working condition) of a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 2; Figure 9 — is a schematic structural view of the flow channel plate in a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 3; Figure 10 — is a temperature distribution diagram of a simulation experiment (inlet flow rate 10 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, 0.5C working condition) of a liquid cooling plate with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in Embodiment 3; where (a) is the battery surface temperature distribution diagram, and (b) is the temperature distribution diagram of the flow channel plate.

[0019] In the figure: 1, battery cell module; 2, liquid cooling plate; 3, coolant inlet; 4, coolant outlet; 5, inlet flow channel; 51, first inlet shunt channel; 52, second inlet shunt channel; 53, third inlet shunt channel; 6, outlet flow channel; 7, first reinforcing rib; 8, second reinforcing rib; 9, single cavity flow channel; 10, double cavity flow channel; 101, double narrow cavity flow channel; 102, double wide cavity flow channel; 11, inlet turbulent flow channel; 12, first partition; 13, second partition; 14, triple cavity flow channel; 15, multi-island confluence flow channel; 16, main confluence flow channel; 17, outlet turbulent flow channel; 18, connecting screw hole; 19, auxiliary confluence flow channel. Detailed implementation mode

[0020] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] Embodiment 1 Refer to Figure 1 and 2 A liquid cooling plate 2 with low temperature difference and low flow resistance in this embodiment includes an upper cover plate and a flow channel plate. The upper cover plate is attached to the flow channel plate. The coolant inlet 3 and the coolant outlet 4 are arranged on the same side at one end of the flow channel plate. The inlet flow channel 5 is arranged on the side of the coolant inlet 3, and the outlet flow channel 6 is arranged on the side of the coolant outlet 4. The inlet flow channel 5 independently forms a plurality of inlet shunt channels for the cooling medium to flow through. Each shunt channel is a combination of different flow channel cavities from a single cavity to a multi-cavity, and an inlet turbulent flow channel 11 is provided in the middle thereof. A main confluence flow channel 16 communicating with the outlet flow channel 6 is provided at the end of each inlet shunt channel, and a multi-island confluence flow channel 15 is also provided at the end of the inlet shunt channel far from the outlet flow channel 6. The outlet flow channel 6 is a flow channel structure with a decreasing multi-cavity.

[0022] For the liquid cooling plate 2 of the present invention, the inlet flow channel 5 changes from a single cavity to a multi-cavity, which is convenient for the battery to dissipate heat quickly and the temperature distribution is uniform. The inlet turbulent flow channel 11 provided in the middle of the inlet flow channel 5 can not only serve as a diversion block to guide the diversion of the coolant during the increase of the cavity number of the inlet flow channel 5, but also can make the coolant turbulent, reduce the temperature distribution difference between different cavities of the same shunt channel, and improve the overall heat dissipation performance of the liquid cooling plate 2. The overall layout of the flow channels of the liquid cooling plate 2 is to make the temperature distribution on the battery surface more uniform. This flow channel can ensure that under the normal operating conditions of the battery, the temperature difference on the battery surface is controlled within 2°C. The main confluence flow channel 16 at the end of the inlet shunt channel and the multi-island confluence flow channel 15 at the end of the inlet shunt channel far from the outlet flow channel 6 effectively reduce the flow resistance between the shunt channels of the multiple inlet flow channels 5 flowing into the same outlet flow channel 6, and thus effectively reduce the flow channel pressure drop.

[0023] An outlet turbulent flow channel 17 is provided in the middle of the outlet flow channel 6.

[0024] The liquid inlet turbulent flow channel 11 and the liquid outlet turbulent flow channel 17 are composed of the first partition plate 12 and the second partition plate 13 arranged at intervals. The number of the first partition plates 12 is 2, which is greater than the number of the second partition plates 13 (the number of the second partition plates 13 is 1), and the length of the first partition plate 12 is shorter than that of the second partition plate 13, and the two have the same width. The number of cavities of the multi-cavity flow channel adjacent to the second partition plate 13 (three-cavity flow channel) ≥ the number of cavities of the multi-cavity flow channel adjacent to the first partition plate 12 (two-cavity flow channel).

[0025] The liquid inlet shunt channels include a first liquid inlet shunt channel 51, a second liquid inlet shunt channel 52 and a third liquid inlet shunt channel 53. The first liquid inlet shunt channel 51 and the second liquid inlet shunt channel 52 are successively provided with a single-cavity flow channel 9, a two-cavity flow channel 10, a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel 11, a three-cavity flow channel 14 and a multi-island confluence flow channel 15. The third liquid inlet shunt channel 53 is successively provided with a single-cavity flow channel 9, a two-cavity flow channel 10, a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel 11 and a three-cavity flow channel 14; the liquid outlet flow channel 6 is a combined structure of a three-cavity flow channel 14, a liquid outlet turbulent flow channel 17 and a three-cavity flow channel 14.

[0026] The diameter of the auxiliary confluence flow channel 19 is greater than or equal to the diameter of the main confluence flow channel 16, so as to accelerate the rapid entry of the coolant in the liquid inlet flow channel 5 on the side of the liquid cooling plate 2 away from the liquid outlet flow channel 6 into the liquid outlet flow channel 6, thereby further reducing the flow resistance and reducing the flow channel pressure drop.

[0027] Since the material thickness of the liquid cooling plate 2 itself is mostly 1 to 1.5 mm, in order to improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the liquid cooling plate 2, a first reinforcing rib 7 is arranged in the middle of the adjacent sides of the coolant inlet 3 and the coolant outlet 4 of the flow channel plate. A second reinforcing rib 8 is arranged in the gap between the other side of the coolant inlet 3 and the coolant outlet 4 and the single-cavity flow channel 9 of the liquid inlet flow channel 5 and in the middle of the two-cavity flow channel 10. The first reinforcing rib 7 and the second reinforcing rib 8 play a role in strengthening the structural load-bearing, thereby improving the pressure-bearing capacity of the liquid cooling plate 2 and the flow channel.

[0028] See Figure 1 , the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 of the present application is arranged below the battery cell module 1. Among them, the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate is a 1P104s battery liquid cooling plate. It should be noted that: 1P104S means that a battery cell module 1 composed of 104 battery cells is arranged on one liquid cooling plate.

[0029] Embodiment 2 Refer to Figure 1 and 6 , a low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 of the present embodiment is different from the embodiment in the following aspects: An auxiliary confluence flow channel 19 is arranged between the ends of adjacent liquid inlet shunt channels.

[0030] The first reinforcing rib 7 and the second reinforcing rib 8 are provided with connecting screw holes 18, which facilitate the installation and fixation of the upper cover plate and the flow channel plate, and can enhance the overall strength of the liquid cooling plate 2.

[0031] Embodiment 3 Referring to Figures 9 - 10 , a low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in this embodiment has the following differences compared with the embodiment: The inlet liquid flow channels include a first inlet liquid flow channel 51, a second inlet liquid flow channel 52, and a third inlet liquid flow channel 53. The first inlet liquid flow channel 51 is successively provided with a single-chamber flow channel 9, a double-chamber flow channel 10, a triple-chamber flow channel 14, and a multi-island confluence flow channel 15 along the coolant flow direction. The second inlet liquid flow channel 52 is successively provided with a single-chamber flow channel 9, a double-chamber flow channel 10, an inlet liquid turbulent flow channel 11, a triple-chamber flow channel 14, and a multi-island confluence flow channel 15 along the coolant flow direction. The auxiliary confluence flow channel 19 is arranged between the multi-island confluence flow channels 15 of the first inlet liquid flow channel 51 and the second inlet liquid flow channel 52, and between the multi-island confluence flow channel 15 of the second inlet liquid flow channel 52 and the end of the third inlet liquid flow channel 53. The third inlet liquid flow channel 53 is successively provided with a single-chamber flow channel 9, a double-chamber flow channel 10, an inlet liquid turbulent flow channel 11, and a triple-chamber flow channel 14 along the coolant flow direction. Among them, the double-chamber flow channel 10 includes a double-narrow chamber flow channel 101 and a double-wide chamber flow channel 102 arranged successively along the coolant flow direction. The outlet liquid flow channel 6 is a combined structure of a triple-chamber flow channel 14, an outlet liquid turbulent flow channel, and a triple-chamber flow channel 14.

[0032] An auxiliary confluence flow channel 19 is provided between the ends of adjacent inlet liquid flow channels.

[0033] Since the material thickness of the liquid cooling plate 2 itself is mostly 1 to 1.5 mm, in order to improve the pressure-bearing capacity of the liquid cooling plate 2, a first reinforcing rib 7 is arranged in the middle of the adjacent sides of the coolant inlet 3 and the coolant outlet 4 of the flow channel plate, and a second reinforcing rib 8 is arranged in the gap between the other side of the coolant inlet 3 and the coolant outlet 4 and the single-chamber flow channel 9 of the inlet liquid flow channel 5 and in the middle of the double-chamber flow channel 10. The first reinforcing rib 7 and the second reinforcing rib 8 play a role in strengthening the structural load-bearing, thereby improving the pressure-bearing capacity of the liquid cooling plate 2 and the flow channels.

[0034] The first reinforcing rib 7 and the second reinforcing rib 8 are composed of multiple short rib plates arranged at intervals.

[0035] The first reinforcing rib 7 and the second reinforcing rib 8 are provided with connecting screw holes 18, which facilitate the installation and fixation of the upper cover plate and the flow channel plate, and can enhance the overall strength of the liquid cooling plate 2.

[0036] The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 described in Embodiments 1 to 3 was subjected to a simulation experiment under the conditions of an inlet flow rate of 8 L / min, 25°C or 10 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, and 0.5C working condition. The temperature distributions of the battery modules in the simulation experiments of the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plates 2 of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3 are as Figure 3 (inlet flow rate 8 L / min) and Figure 5 (inlet flow rate 10 L / min), Figure 7 (inlet flow rate 8 L / min), Figure 10 (a) (inlet flow rate 10 L / min) as shown. The temperature distributions during the operation of the liquid cooling plates 2 of Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2, and Embodiment 3 are as Figure 4 、 Figure 8 and Figure 10 (b) as shown.

[0037] See Figure 3 and Figure 5 , for the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiment 1, when a simulation experiment was carried out under the conditions of an inlet flow rate of 10 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, and 0.5C working condition, the highest temperature on the battery surface of the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiment 1 was 28.17°C, the lowest was 26.18°C, the temperature difference on the battery surface was only 1.99°C, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet coolant was 3.36°C. In order to further investigate the influence of the coolant flow rate and the initial temperature on the cooling of the battery by the liquid cooling plate, the inventors of the present application also completed a simulation experiment under the conditions of an inlet flow rate of 8 L / min, 25°C ethylene glycol, and 0.5C working condition. The highest temperature on the battery surface was 33.45°C, the lowest was 31.15°C, the temperature difference on the battery surface was only 2.3°C, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet coolant was 4.02°C; it shows that the designed flow channel structure of the liquid cooling plate can meet the cooling requirements of the battery module. Even when the coolant inlet flow rate is reduced and the initial temperature of the coolant is increased, the temperature difference on the battery surface is still less than 3°C, and the highest temperature on the battery surface is also within the allowable conditions (T max ≤35°C) for battery operation.

[0038] For the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiment 2, a simulation experiment was carried out under the conditions of an inlet flow rate of 10 L / min, 20°C ethylene glycol, and 0.5C working condition. The highest temperature on the battery surface was 28.09°C, the lowest was 26.16°C, the temperature difference on the battery surface was only 1.93°C, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet coolant was 3.28°C. As can be seen from the above, for the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 of the present invention, through the optimized design of the flow channel structure, it significantly improves the temperature uniformity distribution on the battery surface, and the temperature difference on the battery surface is less than 2°C, significantly lower than the conventional requirement of 3°C.

[0039] The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiment 3 was subjected to a simulation experiment under the conditions of an inlet flow rate of 8 L / min, ethylene glycol at 25°C, and a 0.5C working condition. The highest temperature on the battery surface was 34.53°C, and the lowest was 32.74°C. The temperature difference on the battery surface was only 1.79°C, and the temperature difference between the inlet and outlet of the coolant was 3.02°C. As can be seen from the above, for the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 of the present invention, since the coolant temperature at the coolant inlet is relatively low, its cooling effect on the battery core is good. By using the sequentially arranged double-narrow-cavity flow channels and double-wide-cavity flow channels to replace the double-cavity flow channels in the existing Embodiment 1, the battery surface temperature at the inlet part of the liquid inlet flow channel is relatively increased, and by optimizing the confluence flow channel structure at the end of the liquid inlet flow channel, the flow resistance during the process of the coolant flowing through is reduced, and simultaneously the temperature increase amplitude of the coolant during the process of dissipating heat from the battery is relatively reduced, thereby significantly reducing the temperature difference on the battery surface. That is, compared with the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiment 1 that was subjected to a simulation experiment under the same conditions, through the optimized design of the flow channel structure, the temperature uniformity distribution on the battery surface is significantly improved, and the temperature difference on the battery surface is reduced to within 2°C, which is significantly lower than the conventional requirement of 3°C.

[0040] The static pressure drop and static temperature of the coolant inlet 3 and coolant outlet 4 of the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiments 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Static pressure drop and static temperature of the coolant inlet and coolant outlet of the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate As can be seen from Table 1, the flow resistance of the flow channels of the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 of the present application is lower than the conventional requirement of 25 KPa. For the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiment 2, a secondary confluence flow channel 19 was added on the basis of Embodiment 1. Under the same simulation experiment conditions, compared with the flow resistance pressure drop of 17.223 KPa in Embodiment 1, the flow resistance in the coolant flow channel of Embodiment 2 was as low as 15.026 KPa, further significantly reducing the flow resistance of the liquid cooling plate 2. For the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 in Embodiment 3, the existing double-cavity flow channel was adjusted to a combined structure of double-narrow-cavity flow channels and double-wide-cavity flow channels on the basis of Embodiment 1, and the turbulent flow channel in the middle of the first liquid inlet shunt channel was omitted. Under the same simulation experiment conditions, compared with the flow resistance pressure drop of 14.331 KPa in Embodiment 1, the flow resistance in the coolant flow channel of Embodiment 2 was as low as 13.0 K49 Pa. On the premise of ensuring that the cooling effect of the liquid cooling plate on the battery module meets the requirements, the inlet flow rate of the coolant was reduced, and the pressure drop of the flow channel was further reduced. This shows that the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 of the present invention not only achieves the purpose of making the temperature difference on the battery module surface lower than 2°C, but also further significantly reduces the pressure drop of the liquid cooling plate in the prior art.

[0042] In summary, the low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate 2 of the present application can reasonably control the temperature difference on the battery surface and the pressure drop in the flow channels, thereby extending the service life of the battery and reducing energy consumption.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more.

[0044] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "mounted", "connected" and "coupled" shall be understood in a broad sense. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection or an integral connection; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it may be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate, characterized in that, Including: An upper cover plate and a runner plate, the upper cover plate is attached to the runner plate, and a coolant inlet (3) and a coolant outlet (4) are arranged on the same side at one end of the runner plate. An inlet runner (5) is provided on the side of the coolant inlet (3), and an outlet runner (6) is provided on the side of the coolant outlet (4); the inlet runner (5) independently forms a plurality of inlet flow dividing runners for the cooling medium to flow through. Each inlet flow dividing runner is a combination of different runner cavities from a single cavity to multiple cavities, and at least one inlet turbulent flow runner (11) is provided in the middle of at least one inlet flow dividing runner; a main confluence runner (16) communicating with the outlet runner (6) is provided at the end of each inlet flow dividing runner, and a multi-island confluence runner (15) is also provided at the end of the inlet flow dividing runner far from the outlet runner (6); the outlet runner (6) is a runner structure with decreasing multiple cavities.

2. The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 1, wherein An auxiliary confluence runner (19) is provided between the ends of adjacent inlet flow dividing runners; an outlet turbulent flow runner (17) is provided in the middle of the outlet runner (6).

3. The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 2, wherein The diameter of the auxiliary confluence runner (19) is greater than or equal to the diameter of the main confluence runner (16).

4. The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 2, wherein, The inlet turbulent flow runner (11) and the outlet turbulent flow runner (17) are composed of a first partition plate (12) and a second partition plate (13) arranged at intervals. The number of the first partition plates (12) ≥ the number of the second partition plates (13), and the length of the first partition plate (12) is shorter than that of the second partition plate (13). The two are of equal width, and the number of cavities of the multi-cavity runner adjacent to the second partition plate (13) ≥ the number of cavities of the multi-cavity runner adjacent to the first partition plate (12).

5. The low-temperature difference and low-flow resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The inlet flow dividing runner includes a first inlet flow dividing runner (51), a second inlet flow dividing runner (52) and a third inlet flow dividing runner (53). The first inlet flow dividing runner (51) and the second inlet flow dividing runner (52) are successively provided with a single cavity runner (9), a double cavity runner (10), an inlet turbulent flow runner (11), a triple cavity runner (14) and a multi-island confluence runner (15). An auxiliary confluence runner (19) is provided between the multi-island confluence runners (15) of the first inlet flow dividing runner (51) and the second inlet flow dividing runner (52), and between the multi-island confluence runner (15) of the second inlet flow dividing runner (52) and the end of the third inlet flow dividing runner; the third inlet flow dividing runner (53) is successively provided with a single cavity runner (9), a double cavity runner (10), an inlet turbulent flow runner (11) and a triple cavity runner (14); the outlet runner (6) is a combined structure of a triple cavity runner (14), an outlet turbulent flow runner (17) and a triple cavity runner (14).

6. The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 5, wherein A first reinforcing rib (7) is arranged in the middle of the adjacent sides of the coolant inlet (3) and the coolant outlet (4) of the runner plate, and a second reinforcing rib (8) is provided on the other side of the coolant inlet (3) and the coolant outlet (4), in the gap between the single cavity runners (9) of the inlet runner (5) and in the middle of the double cavity runner (10).

7. The low-temperature difference and low-flow resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 6, wherein, Connecting screw holes (18) are provided on the first reinforcing rib (7) and the second reinforcing rib (8).

8. The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The first reinforcing rib (7) and the second reinforcing rib (8) are composed of multiple short rib plates arranged at intervals.

9. The low-temperature-difference and low-flow-resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 1 or 2, wherein The liquid inlet flow split channel includes a first liquid inlet flow split channel (51), a second liquid inlet flow split channel (52), and a third liquid inlet flow split channel (53). The first liquid inlet flow split channel (51) is successively provided with a single cavity flow channel (9), a double cavity flow channel (10), a triple cavity flow channel (14), and a multi-island confluence flow channel (15) along the coolant flow direction. The second liquid inlet flow split channel (52) is successively provided with a single cavity flow channel (9), a double cavity flow channel (10), a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel (11), a triple cavity flow channel (14), and a multi-island confluence flow channel (15) along the coolant flow direction. An auxiliary confluence flow channel (19) is provided between the multi-island confluence flow channels (15) of the first liquid inlet flow split channel (51) and the second liquid inlet flow split channel (52), and between the multi-island confluence flow channel (15) of the second liquid inlet flow split channel (52) and the end of the third liquid inlet flow split channel (53). The third liquid inlet flow split channel (53) is successively provided with a single cavity flow channel (9), a double cavity flow channel (10), a liquid inlet turbulent flow channel (11), and a triple cavity flow channel (14) along the coolant flow direction. Among them, the double cavity flow channel (10) includes a double narrow cavity flow channel (101) and a double wide cavity flow channel (102) arranged successively along the coolant flow direction. The liquid outlet flow channel (6) is a combined structure of a triple cavity flow channel (14), a liquid outlet turbulent flow channel (17), and a triple cavity flow channel (14).

10. The low-temperature difference and low-flow resistance liquid cooling plate according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The low temperature difference and low flow resistance liquid cooling plate is a 1P104s battery liquid cooling plate.

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