Power supply circuit and server

Abstract

The invention provides a power supply circuit which can be applied to the technical field of server power supply. The power supply circuit comprises a power bus configured to provide electric energy to a rated power supply unit and a peak power supply unit; a load bus configured to provide power to a load; the input end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected with the power supply bus, the output end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected with the load bus, and the rated power supply unit is configured to obtain electric energy through the power supply bus and output electric energy smaller than or equal to load rated power to a load through the load bus; the input end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected with the power supply bus, the output end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected with the load bus, and the peak power supply unit is configured to obtain electric energy through the power supply bus and output the electric energy of peak power to the load through the load bus under the condition that the actual power of the load is larger than the rated power of the load. Therefore, the load can operate according to the load actual power. The invention further provides a server.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of server power supply, and specifically to a power supply circuit and a server. Background Art

[0002] The development of artificial intelligence (AI) technology is inseparable from AI servers, which are the core hardware for AI computing. The normal operation of AI servers is crucial for ensuring AI computing. In an AI server, the power supply circuit is the foundation for ensuring the normal operation of the AI server. However, the power supply circuit has problems such as large volume and complex structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above problems, this application provides a power supply circuit and a server.

[0004] According to the first aspect of this application, a power supply circuit is provided, including: a power bus configured to supply electrical energy to a rated power supply unit and a peak power supply unit; a load bus configured to supply electrical energy to a load; the above-mentioned rated power supply unit, the input end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected to the above-mentioned power bus, and the output end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected to the above-mentioned load bus, configured to obtain electrical energy through the above-mentioned power bus and output electrical energy less than or equal to the rated power of the load to the above-mentioned load through the above-mentioned load bus; the above-mentioned peak power supply unit, the input end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected to the above-mentioned power bus, and the output end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected to the above-mentioned load bus, configured to obtain electrical energy through the above-mentioned power bus and, when the actual power of the load is greater than the rated power of the load, output electrical energy with peak power to the above-mentioned load through the above-mentioned load bus, so that the above-mentioned load can operate according to the actual power of the above-mentioned load.

[0005] The second aspect of this application provides a server, including: the power supply circuit as described above.

[0006] According to the embodiments of this application, the peak power supply unit outputs the electrical energy exceeding the rated power of the load to the load, while the rated power supply unit outputs the electrical energy of the rated power of the load to the load. Therefore, the output voltage of the rated power supply unit can be maintained within a relatively narrow range. Moreover, both the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit can obtain electrical energy from the power bus separately and supply electrical energy to the load separately, being independent of each other without affecting each other, increasing the stability of the power supply circuit. And, the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit use the same power bus to obtain electrical energy and output electrical energy through the same load bus, with a simple structure. Description of the Drawings

[0007] Through the following description of the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings, the above content and other objects, features, and advantages of the present application will become clearer. In the drawings,

[0008] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a power supply circuit according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0009] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a rated power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0010] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a rated power supply module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0011] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a peak power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0012] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an isolation buck conversion module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0013] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a peak power supply module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0014] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of a power supply circuit according to another embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0015] Figure 8 A block diagram of a server according to an embodiment of the present application is shown. Detailed implementation manners

[0016] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood that these descriptions are merely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. In the following detailed description, for the sake of explanation, many specific details are set forth to provide a comprehensive understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, obviously, one or more embodiments can also be implemented without these specific details. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessarily confusing the concepts of the present application.

[0017] The terms used herein are merely for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The terms "including", "comprising", etc. used herein indicate the presence of the described features, steps, operations, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, or components.

[0018] All terms used herein (including technical and scientific terms) have the meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art, unless otherwise defined. It should be noted that the terms used herein should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the context of this specification, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly rigid manner.

[0019] In cases where expressions similar to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." are used, generally, it should be interpreted according to the meaning commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art (for example, "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" should include, but not be limited to, a system having only A, only B, only C, having A and B, having A and C, having B and C, and / or having A, B, and C, etc.).

[0020] The AI server mainly consists of a power supply circuit and a load, and the power supply circuit is electrically connected to the load. The core function of the AI server is to provide a stable and suitable voltage and current for the load through the power supply circuit, so as to meet the requirements of the load (such as a Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)) in different power operation states. Under the development trend of AI technology, the number of GPUs in the AI server is increasing continuously, which directly leads to the increase of the total power consumption of the load, and then the power consumption output by the power supply circuit also needs to increase accordingly. The computing unit mainly composed of GPUs has the characteristic of extremely high short-term peak power, for example, it can reach twice the rated power, and the duration of this high-power state is about milliseconds. Therefore, the AI server not only has to meet the demand for the total power consumption of the load, but also must cope with the demand for the peak power consumption of the load.

[0021] The design of the power supply circuit often shows the situations of large volume, low load rate, and low efficiency. In the mode of supplying power by a high-voltage DC power bus in the power supply circuit, it is also very difficult to meet the power-off holding function. To ensure the power-off holding time, due to the high voltage accuracy requirement of the high-voltage DC power bus, the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor on the high-voltage DC power bus needs to be increased. However, in this way, the voltage fluctuation range is limited, and the capacitor has a large volume, occupying a large amount of space, and most of the energy of the capacitor is not fully utilized, resulting in a waste of resources and an increase in cost. These problems restrict the application of the AI server and the further improvement of the performance of the AI server.

[0022] In order to accommodate as many computing units as possible in the limited space of the AI server, the volume of the power supply circuit needs to be smaller and smaller, so the power supply circuit requires a higher power density.

[0023] In one example, the power of the power supply circuit is improved by the technology of power supply plus capacitor. For example, N+N power supply units (PSUs) are redundantly paralleled, and at the same time, multiple aluminum electrolytic capacitor busbars are placed on the high-voltage DC power supply bus to further enhance the peak power supply capacity. However, this method has the problems of high cost and large volume.

[0024] In another example, an additional energy storage device can also be added to the output bus. By cutting peaks and filling valleys, the peak power of the output bus can be supplied. However, the energy storage device needs to obtain electrical energy from the output bus, and the control of the power supply circuit is not flexible enough.

[0025] In view of this, the present application proposes a power supply circuit, including: a power supply bus configured to supply electrical energy to a rated power supply unit and a peak power supply unit; a load bus configured to supply electrical energy to a load; a rated power supply unit, the input end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected to the load bus, configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus and output electrical energy less than or equal to the rated power of the load to the load through the load bus; a peak power supply unit, the input end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected to the load bus, configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus and, when the actual power of the load is greater than the rated power of the load, output electrical energy of peak power to the load through the load bus so that the load can operate according to the actual power of the load.

[0026] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the power supply circuit according to the embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, the power supply circuit 100 includes a power supply bus 110, a load bus 120, a rated power supply unit 130, and a peak power supply unit 140.

[0028] The power supply bus 110 is configured to supply electrical energy to the rated power supply unit 130 and the peak power supply unit 140.

[0029] The load bus 120 is configured to supply electrical energy to the load.

[0030] The input end of the rated power supply unit 130 is electrically connected to the power supply bus 110, and the output end of the rated power supply unit 130 is electrically connected to the load bus 120. The rated power supply unit 130 is configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus 110 and output electrical energy less than or equal to the rated power of the load to the load through the load bus 120.

[0031] The input end of the peak power supply unit 140 is electrically connected to the power supply bus 110, and the output end of the peak power supply unit 140 is electrically connected to the load bus 120. It is configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus 110 and output peak power electrical energy to the load through the load bus 120 when the actual load power is greater than the rated load power, so that the load can operate according to the actual load power.

[0032] According to an embodiment of the present application, the power supply bus 110 may be a DC power supply bus. For example, the power supply bus 110 may provide high-voltage direct current of 400VDC.

[0033] According to an embodiment of the present application, the load may be a computing unit in an AI server. For example, it may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a GPU, or other types of loads.

[0034] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the rated power supply unit 130 is connected to the power supply bus 110, and it can directly obtain electrical energy from the power supply bus 110. The output end of the rated power supply unit 130 is connected to the load bus 120, and it can directly output electrical energy to the load.

[0035] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the peak power supply unit 140 is connected to the power supply bus 110, and it can directly obtain electrical energy from the power supply bus 110. The output end of the peak power supply unit 140 is connected to the load bus 120, and it can directly output electrical energy to the load.

[0036] According to an embodiment of the present application, the operating conditions of the load can be divided into two types according to the actual load power of the load. One operating condition of the load can be that the actual load power of the load is less than or equal to the rated load power, and the other operating condition of the load can be that the actual load power of the load is greater than the rated load power. When the operating condition of the load is that the actual load power is less than or equal to the rated load power, the rated power supply unit 130 provides electrical energy less than or equal to the rated load power for the load. When the operating condition of the load is that the actual load power is greater than the rated load power, the rated power supply unit 130 provides electrical energy equal to the rated load power for the load, and the peak power supply unit 140 provides peak power electrical energy for the load that exceeds the part of the actual load power exceeding the rated load power. Thus, it can be seen that the power range of the electrical energy provided by the rated power supply unit 130 to the load is fixed, which can ensure the output stability of the rated power supply unit 130. And the peak power supply unit 140 only needs to provide peak power electrical energy to the load, so that the load can operate according to the actual load power and meet different working states of the load.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present application, the peak power supply unit outputs the electric energy exceeding the rated power of the load to the load, while the rated power supply unit outputs the electric energy of the rated power of the load to the load. Therefore, the output voltage of the rated power supply unit can be maintained within a relatively narrow range. Moreover, both the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit can separately obtain electric energy from the power bus and separately supply electric energy to the load, being independent of each other without influence, which increases the stability of the power supply circuit. Also, the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit obtain electric energy using the same power bus and output electric energy through the same load bus, with a simple structure.

[0038] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the rated power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0039] As Figure 2 shown, the rated power supply unit includes a rated power supply module 210, a first power flow control module 220, a first control module 230, a first switch K1, and a first diode D1.

[0040] The rated power supply module 210 is configured to obtain electric energy through the power bus and output a rated output power less than or equal to the rated power of the load to the load through the load bus 120.

[0041] The first power flow control module 220 is configured to determine the transmission path for the rated power supply module 210 to output the rated output power to the load according to the rated output power and the actual power of the load.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the rated power supply module 210 can be connected to the power bus to obtain electric energy from the power bus. The output end of the rated power supply module 210 can be connected to the load bus to output the rated output power to the load bus.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first power flow control module 220 can have computing capabilities to calculate the rated output power and the actual power of the load. The first power flow control module 220 can be connected to the load bus to obtain the current and voltage of the load bus from the load bus, thereby calculating the actual power of the load. The first power flow control module 220 can also be connected to the output end of the rated power supply module 210 to obtain the voltage and current output by the rated power supply module 210, thereby calculating the rated output power of the rated power supply module 210.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first power flow control module 220 may determine a transmission path for the rated power supply module 210 to output the rated output power to the load according to the magnitudes of the rated output power and the actual load power. For example, the transmission path may include a first rated path and a second rated path. The first rated path may be the transmission path of the rated power supply module 210 when the operating condition of the load is that the actual load power is less than or equal to the rated load power, and the second rated path may be the transmission path of the rated power supply module 210 when the operating condition of the load is that the actual load power is greater than the rated load power.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present application, by determining the transmission path of the rated power supply module 210, the electrical energy output by the rated power supply module 210 can be output through the corresponding transmission path under different operating conditions of the load, avoiding abnormal operation of the power supply circuit.

[0046] As Figure 2 shown, the first switch K1 and the first diode D1 are connected in parallel. One end of the first switch K1 is connected to the rated power supply module 210, and the other end is connected to the load bus. One end of the first diode D1 is connected to the rated power supply module 210, and the other end is connected to the load bus. When the first switch K1 is closed, the first diode D1 is short-circuited, and the electrical energy output by the rated power supply module 210 is output from the path where the first switch K1 is located. When the first switch K1 is open, the electrical energy output by the rated power supply module 210 is output from the path where the first diode D1 is located.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first power flow control module 220 may be configured to determine that the rated power supply module 210 outputs electrical energy to the load via the first switch K1 when the rated output power is greater than the actual load power; and determine that the rated power supply module 210 outputs electrical energy to the load via the first diode D1 when the rated output power is less than or equal to the actual load power.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first switch K1 may be a high-power Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor (MOSFET). When the rated output power is greater than the actual load power, the first switch K1 can be closed, and electrical energy can be output to the load via the first switch K1.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first switch K1 and the first diode D1 are connected in parallel to form two different paths. The path where the first switch K1 is located is applicable to the working condition of the load where the actual power of the load is less than or equal to the rated power of the load, that is, the power required by the load bus is less than or equal to the rated output power output by the rated power supply module 210. Therefore, the rated output power can be fully output to the load bus without worrying about the energy being returned from the load bus to the rated power supply module 210. The path where the first diode D1 is located is applicable to the working condition of the load where the actual power of the load is greater than the rated power of the load, that is, the power required by the load bus is greater than the rated output power output by the rated power supply module 210. The first diode D1 has the characteristic of forward conduction and reverse cut-off. Therefore, the first diode D1 can prevent the electric energy in the load bus from being returned to the rated power supply module 210.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the rated output power is less than or equal to the actual power of the load, the first switch K1 can be turned off, and electric energy is output to the load via the first diode D1. Thus, the rated power supply module 210 can only output electric energy to the load through the first diode D1, avoiding the abnormal power supply circuit caused by the electric energy in the load bus being fed back to the rated power supply module 210 through the first switch K1, and improving the stability of the power supply circuit.

[0051] As Figure 2 shown, the first control module 230 is configured to determine a first target control mode from the first control mode and the second control mode according to the energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the energy consumption of the load in the second control mode, so as to control the rated power supply module 210 to output a rated output power less than or equal to the rated power of the load according to the first target control mode.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first control module 230 can calculate the energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the energy consumption of the load in the second control mode respectively. For example, the first control module 230 can be connected to the load bus, obtain the current and voltage of the load bus from the load bus, and thus calculate the energy consumption in the first control mode and the energy consumption in the second control mode respectively. The first control module 230 can compare the energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the energy consumption of the load in the second control mode respectively, and determine the first target control mode from the first control mode and the second control mode according to the comparison result. The first power flow control module 220 can also be connected to the input end of the rated power supply module 210 and control the operation of the rated power supply module 210 according to the first target control mode.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present application, determining the first target control mode of the rated power supply module 210 according to the energy consumption of the load in different control modes can reduce the energy consumption of the load.

[0054] Figure 3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a rated power supply module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0055] As Figure 3 shown, the rated power supply module includes a first power converter 310. The first power converter 310 includes a first input-side conversion sub-module 311 and a first output-side power flow sub-module 312. The input end of the first input-side conversion sub-module 311 is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the first output-side power flow sub-module 312 is electrically connected to the load bus.

[0056] The first power converter 310 is configured to obtain input electrical energy through the power supply bus, convert the input electrical energy into output electrical energy less than or equal to the rated power of the load by using the first input-side conversion sub-module 311 and the first output-side power flow sub-module 312, and output the output electrical energy to the load through the load bus.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the first input-side conversion sub-module 311 is connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the first output-side power flow sub-module 312 is connected to the load bus. The first input-side conversion sub-module 311 and the first output-side power flow sub-module 312 can be step-down transformers to step down the voltage in the power supply bus.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rated power supply module is a single-stage conversion structure, that is, the electrical energy in the power supply bus can be converted into the electrical energy required by the load through the first power converter 310. The single-stage conversion structure has fewer conversion times, stable power, small fluctuations in design parameters, high efficiency, and high power density. At the same time, the input voltage of the rated power supply module can work within a fixed narrow range, so the design of the power components inside the rated power supply module is simple, which is convenient to improve efficiency. At the same time, the rated power supply module only needs to meet the rated power requirements of the load, has a high load rate in actual work, high working efficiency, and less heat loss.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rated power supply module may include a first power switch. In the first control mode, the first control module controls the rated output power by adjusting the conduction duty ratio of the first power switch. In the second control mode, the first control module controls the rated output power by adjusting the conduction frequency of the first power switch. The first control module can be configured to determine the mode with less energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the second control mode as the first target control mode.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first control mode may be a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) mode, and the magnitude of the rated output power is controlled by changing the conduction duty cycle of the first power switch. The second control mode may be a Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) mode, and the magnitude of the rated output power is controlled by changing the conduction frequency of the first power switch. The PFM mode reduces the switching loss and improves the load efficiency by reducing the switching frequency, thereby achieving high efficiency within the full load range. Different loads may be applicable to different control modes. For example, the PWM mode may be adopted when there are more loads; the PFM mode is switched to when there are fewer loads.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present application, different control modes are applicable to different load conditions, and the first control module may calculate the losses of the load under different control modes. For example, calculate the energy consumption of the load under the first control mode and the second control mode respectively. The energy consumption of the load under the first control mode may be PlossPWM, and the energy consumption of the load under the second control mode may be PlossPFM. The switching point may be KS = PlossPFM / PlossPWM. When KS is greater than 1, that is, the energy consumption of the load under the first control mode is less than that under the second control mode, the first control mode may be determined as the first target control mode. When KS is less than or equal to 1, that is, the energy consumption of the load under the first control mode is less than or equal to the energy consumption under the second control mode, the second control mode may be determined as the first target control mode.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present application, determining the first target control mode of the rated power supply module according to the energy consumption of the load under different control modes can reduce the energy consumption of the load.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rated power supply module may adopt a resonant drive control technique. A resonant inductor and a resonant capacitor may be provided in the first input side conversion sub-module 311 on the input side of the rated power supply module to achieve zero-voltage switching or zero-current switching of the first power switch.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first control module may be configured to control the first power switch to conduct when the voltage across the first power switch is a preset voltage value, and control the first power switch to turn off when the current flowing through the first power switch is a preset current value.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first power switch can be controlled to conduct when the voltage across the first power switch is a preset voltage value, i.e., zero-voltage switching. The preset voltage value can be, for example, 0 or close to 0. The first power switch can be controlled to turn off when the current flowing through the first power switch is a preset current value, i.e., zero-current switching. The preset current value can be, for example, 0 or close to 0.

[0066] According to an embodiment of the present application, by controlling the on and off timing of the first power switch, the switching loss of the first power switch in the rated power supply module can be reduced.

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present application, the switching frequency of the first power switch can be determined by the resonance result of the resonance inductor and the resonance capacitor in the first power converter 310. Specifically, it can be determined by to determine the switching frequency of the first power switch. Among them, represents the resonance inductor, represents the resonance capacitor.

[0068] As Figure 3 shown, the rated power supply unit may further include a first switch driving circuit 320. The first control module can drive the first power switch in the rated power supply module through the first switch driving circuit 320. The first switch driving circuit 320 can be connected to the first input-side conversion sub-module 311 and the first output-side power flow sub-module 312.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present application, the control of the rated power supply module can be a closed-loop control, that is, the first control module obtains the working condition of the load from the load bus, and adjusts the conduction duty ratio or conduction frequency of the first power switch through the first switch driving circuit 320 according to the load condition.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present application, the conduction frequency and conduction duty ratio of the first power switch satisfy Vout1 = Vin1 ⋅ D1 ⋅ N1 / f1. Among them, Vout1 represents the output voltage of the rated power supply module, Vin1 represents the input voltage from the power supply bus to the first input-side conversion sub-module 311, D1 represents the conduction duty ratio of the first power switch, f1 represents the conduction frequency of the first power switch, and N1 represents the turns ratio of the first power converter 310. Combining Figure 3 , in the first control mode, since the input voltage of the power supply bus is fluctuating, the power input from the power supply bus to the rated power supply module is fluctuating. Therefore, in order to achieve precise control of the output voltage Vout1 of the rated power supply module, when the conduction frequency f1 of the first power switch and the turns ratio N1 of the first power converter 310 remain unchanged, the conduction duty ratio D1 of the first power switch can be adjusted in real time according to the magnitude of the input voltage Vin1 from the power supply bus to the first input-side conversion sub-module 311.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present application, in the second control mode, in order to achieve precise control of the output voltage Vout1 of the rated power supply module, when the conduction duty ratio D1 of the first power switch and the turns ratio of the first power converter 310 remain unchanged, the conduction frequency f1 of the first power switch can be adjusted in real time according to the magnitude of the input voltage Vin1 from the power bus to the first input-side conversion sub-module 311. In the second control mode, the conduction duty ratio D1 of the first power switch can be, for example, 0.45.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present application, in the second control mode, the magnitude of the conduction frequency f1 of the first power switch can be determined by wherein, represents the current of the load, represents the minimum current of the load, represents the base switching frequency of the first power switch.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present application, the number of the first power switches can be multiple. Figure 3 The main function of the first switch driving circuit 320 shown in is to further enhance the driving ability of the first power switch in the PWM mode issued in the closed-loop control, so that the control signal sent to the first power switch has sufficient driving ability, and at the same time adjust the on-time interval Tr between different first power switches, reserve a certain time for the resonant soft switching of each first power switch, and prevent commutation between each first power switch. The interval time Tr can be calculated by wherein, represents the peak current on the input side obtained by collecting the current of the load by the first control module, represents the resonant inductor, and Vin1 represents the input voltage from the power bus to the first input-side conversion sub-module 311.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present application, the first power converter 310 has the function of voltage conversion and electrical isolation at the same time, and can enable the first input-side conversion sub-module 311 to have a higher voltage value. Electrical isolation is to completely isolate the high voltage on the input side from the low voltage on the output side, and prevent the dangerous voltage on the high voltage side from being transmitted to the low voltage side, thereby protecting the load on the output side.

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present application, the rated power supply unit is designed according to the rated load power of the load, without considering the actual load power of the load. Therefore, the design is simple and the load-carrying rate is high.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present application, the peak power supply unit can also be configured to output electrical energy to the load when the power bus is disconnected from the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present application, electrical energy can be stored in the peak power supply unit, so that electrical energy can still be output to the load when the power supply bus is disconnected from the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit, so that the peak power supply unit can meet the power-off holding function.

[0078] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a peak power supply unit according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0079] As Figure 4 shown, the peak power supply unit includes an isolation buck conversion module 410, an energy storage module 420, a peak power supply module 430, a second power flow control module 440, and a second control module 470.

[0080] The isolation buck conversion module 410 is configured to convert the voltage obtained through the power supply bus into an intermediate voltage.

[0081] The energy storage module 420 is electrically connected to the isolation buck conversion module 410 through an intermediate bus 450, and is configured to store the electrical energy of the intermediate voltage.

[0082] The peak power supply module 430 is electrically connected to the energy storage module 420 through an energy storage bus 460, and is configured to obtain electrical energy from the energy storage module 420, and output the electrical energy of the peak power to the load through the load bus when the actual power of the load is greater than the rated power of the load.

[0083] The second power flow control module 440 is configured to determine the transmission path of the electrical energy output by the peak power supply module 430 to the load according to the peak power output by the peak power supply module 430 and the real-time power of the load.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the isolation buck conversion module 410 is connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the isolation buck conversion module 410 is connected to the intermediate bus 450. The input end of the energy storage module 420 is connected to the intermediate bus 450, and the output end of the energy storage module 420 is connected to the energy storage bus 460. The input end of the peak power supply module 430 is connected to the energy storage bus 460, and the output end of the peak power supply module 430 is connected to the load bus. The second power flow control module 440 can be connected to the output end of the peak power supply module 430 and the load bus. The second control module 470 can be connected to the input end and the output end of the isolation buck conversion module 410 and the load bus.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present application, the energy storage module 420 is arranged between the isolation buck conversion module 410 and the peak power supply module 430, and can smooth the power fluctuations on the intermediate bus 450 and the energy storage bus 460.

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present application, the peak power supply unit consists of a two-stage power supply conversion structure. The first stage is an isolated buck conversion module 410, which is an isolated fixed turns ratio structure, mainly providing the function of input-output electrical isolation, and at the same time ensuring that the high-voltage electricity on the power bus under abnormal conditions will not reach the back end and cause high-voltage breakdown of each load on the back-end load bus. The second-stage peak power supply module 430 can be a non-isolated power conversion structure. The non-isolated power conversion structure has high conversion efficiency and good dynamic response characteristics, and can meet the power supply requirements of large transient peak currents of the load. The peak power supply module 430 can be implemented based on a BUCK circuit (DC-DC buck converter) or a BUCK-BOOS circuit (a DC-DC converter that can step up and down).

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present application, through the isolated buck conversion module 410, the energy storage module 420, and the peak power supply module 430, the peak power supply unit can output electrical energy with peak power to the load, thereby meeting the high-power requirements of the load instantaneously.

[0088] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the isolated buck conversion module according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0089] As Figure 5 shown, the isolated buck conversion module includes a second power converter 510. The second power converter 510 includes a second input-side conversion sub-module 511 and a second output-side power flow sub-module 512. The input end of the second input-side conversion sub-module 511 is electrically connected to the power bus, and the output end of the second output-side power flow sub-module 512 is electrically connected to the intermediate bus.

[0090] The second power converter 510 is configured to obtain electrical energy through the power bus and convert the obtained electrical energy into an intermediate voltage through the second input-side conversion sub-module 511 and the second output-side power flow sub-module 512.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the second input-side conversion sub-module 511 is connected to the power bus, and the output end of the second output-side power flow sub-module 512 is connected to the intermediate bus 450. The second input-side conversion sub-module 511 and the second output-side power flow sub-module 512 can be step-down transformers, so that the voltage in the power bus can be stepped down.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present application, since the isolated buck conversion module does not directly output electrical energy to the load, and the electrical energy output by the isolated buck conversion module needs to pass through the energy storage module. It can be seen that the output voltage of the isolated buck conversion module does not need to be as precise as that of the rated power supply module. Therefore, the control of the isolated buck conversion module can adopt open-loop control.

[0093] According to an embodiment of the present application, an isolation step-down isolation fixed turns ratio structure mainly provides the function of input-output electrical isolation, and at the same time ensures that the high-voltage electricity on the power supply bus under abnormal conditions will not reach the backend, resulting in high-voltage breakdown of each load on the backend load bus.

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 5 shown, the peak power supply unit may further include a second switch driving circuit 520, and the second control module may drive the conduction and turn-off of the second power switch through the second switch driving circuit 520.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present application, the isolation step-down conversion module includes a second power switch, and the second control module is configured to determine the conduction duty ratio and conduction frequency of the second power switch according to the input voltage of the power supply bus and the intermediate voltage.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present application, since the control of the isolation step-down conversion module is open-loop control, therefore, the conduction duty ratio and conduction frequency of the second power switch can be fixed values. The conduction duty ratio and conduction frequency of the second power switch can be determined according to the input voltage and the output voltage. For example, the conduction duty ratio and conduction frequency of the second power switch can be determined as 0.45 and 500 kHz. When the input voltage on the input side of the isolation step-down conversion module is a constant value, the output voltage is also constant. When the input voltage fluctuates, closed-loop control can be performed again according to the output voltage to determine the conduction duty ratio and conduction frequency of the second power switch, so as to realize the stable control of the isolation step-down conversion module.

[0097] According to an embodiment of the present application, since the isolation step-down conversion module does not need to directly output electric energy to the load bus, therefore, it can be more convenient to determine the conduction duty ratio and conduction frequency of the second power switch according to the input voltage of the power supply bus and the intermediate voltage.

[0098] Figure 6 Shows a schematic diagram of a peak power supply module according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] As Figure 6 shown, the peak power supply module includes a third power converter 610. The third power converter 610 includes a third input-side conversion sub-module 611 and a third output-side power flow sub-module 612. The input end of the third input-side conversion sub-module 611 is electrically connected to the energy storage bus, and the output end of the third output-side power flow sub-module 612 is electrically connected to the load bus.

[0100] The third power converter 610 is configured to obtain input electric energy from the energy storage module through the energy storage bus, convert the input electric energy into electric energy of peak power by using the third input-side conversion sub-module 611 and the third output-side power flow sub-module 612, and output the output electric energy to the load through the load bus.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present application, the peak power supply module may be a single-stage conversion structure, that is, the electric energy in the energy storage bus can be converted into the electric energy required by the load through the third power converter 610. The single-stage conversion structure has fewer conversion times, stable power, small fluctuations in design parameters, high efficiency, and high power density.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present application, the second control module may also be configured to determine a second target control mode from the third control mode and the fourth control mode according to the energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the energy consumption of the load in the fourth control mode, so as to control the peak power supply module to output peak power electric energy to the load according to the second target control mode.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present application, the second control module may calculate the energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the fourth control mode respectively. For example, the second control module may be connected to the load bus, obtain the current and voltage of the load bus from the load bus, and thus calculate the energy consumption in the third control mode and the fourth control mode respectively. The second control module may compare the energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the fourth control mode respectively, and determine the second target control mode from the third control mode and the fourth control mode according to the comparison result.

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present application, determining the second target control mode of the peak power supply module according to the energy consumption of the load in different control modes can further reduce the energy consumption of the load.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present application, the peak power supply module may include a third power switch. In the third control mode, the second control module controls the peak power output by the peak power supply module by adjusting the conduction duty ratio of the third power switch. In the fourth control mode, the second control module controls the peak power of the peak power supply module by adjusting the conduction frequency of the third power switch. The second control module may be configured to determine the mode with the smaller energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the fourth control mode as the second target control mode.

[0106] According to an embodiment of the present application, the third control mode may be the same PWM mode as the first control mode, and the fourth control mode may be the same PFM mode as the second control mode.

[0107] According to an embodiment of the present application, the second control module can calculate the losses of the load under different control modes. For example, calculate the energy consumption of the load under the third control mode and the fourth control mode respectively. The energy consumption of the load under the third control mode can be the same as the energy consumption of the load under the first control mode, which is PlossPWM. The energy consumption of the load under the fourth control mode can be the same as the energy consumption of the load under the second control mode, which is PlossPFM. The switching point can be KS = PlossPFM / PlossPWM. In the case where KS is greater than 1, that is, the energy consumption of the load under the third control mode is less than that under the fourth control mode, the third control mode can be determined as the second target control mode. In the case where KS is less than or equal to 1, that is, the energy consumption of the load under the third control mode is less than or equal to the energy consumption under the fourth control mode, the fourth control mode can be determined as the second target control mode.

[0108] According to an embodiment of the present application, determining the second target control mode of the rated power supply module according to the energy consumption of the load under different control modes can reduce the energy consumption of the load.

[0109] According to an embodiment of the present application, the second control module can also be configured to control the third power switch to turn on when the voltage across the third power switch is a preset voltage value, and control the third power switch to turn off when the current flowing through the third power switch is a preset current value.

[0110] According to an embodiment of the present application, the third power switch can be controlled to turn on when the voltage across the third power switch is a preset voltage value, that is, zero voltage switching, and the preset voltage value can be, for example, 0, or close to 0. The third power switch can be controlled to turn off when the current flowing through the third power switch is a preset current value, that is, zero current switching, and the preset current value can be, for example, 0, or close to 0.

[0111] According to an embodiment of the present application, by controlling the on and off timing of the third power switch, the switching loss of the third power switch in the peak power supply module can be reduced.

[0112] According to an embodiment of the present application, the switching frequency of the third power switch can be determined by the resonance result of the resonant inductor and the resonant capacitor in the third power converter 610.

[0113] As Figure 6 shown, the second control module can drive the third power switch in the peak power supply module through the second switch driving circuit 520. The second switch driving circuit 520 can be connected to the third input-side conversion sub-module 611 and the third output-side power flow sub-module 612.

[0114] According to an embodiment of the present application, the control of the peak power supply module can be a closed-loop control, that is, the second control module obtains the operating conditions of the load from the load bus, and adjusts the conduction duty ratio or conduction frequency of the third power switch through the second switch drive circuit 520 according to the load operating conditions.

[0115] According to an embodiment of the present application, the conduction frequency and conduction duty ratio of the third power switch satisfy Vout3 = Vin3 ⋅ D3 ⋅ N3 / f3. Wherein, Vout3 represents the output voltage of the peak power supply module, Vin3 represents the input voltage from the power supply bus to the third input-side conversion sub-module 611, D3 represents the conduction duty ratio of the third power switch, f3 represents the conduction frequency of the third power switch, and N3 represents the turns ratio of the third power converter 610. Combining Figure 6 , in the third control mode, although the energy storage module can smooth the voltage output by the isolation buck conversion module, there will still be fluctuations in the voltage on the energy storage bus. Therefore, the power input from the energy storage bus to the peak power supply module is fluctuating. Therefore, in order to achieve precise control of the output voltage Vout3 of the peak power supply module, when the conduction frequency f3 of the third power switch and the turns ratio N3 of the third power converter 610 remain unchanged, the conduction duty ratio D3 of the third power switch can be adjusted in real time according to the magnitude of the input voltage Vin3 from the power supply bus to the third input-side conversion sub-module 611.

[0116] According to an embodiment of the present application, in the fourth control mode, in order to achieve precise control of the output voltage Vout3 of the peak power supply module, when the conduction duty ratio D3 of the third power switch and the turns ratio of the third power converter 610 remain unchanged, the conduction frequency f3 of the third power switch can be adjusted in real time according to the magnitude of the input voltage Vin3 from the power supply bus to the third input-side conversion sub-module 611.

[0117] According to an embodiment of the present application, in the fourth control mode, the magnitude of the conduction frequency f3 of the third power switch can be determined by . Wherein, represents the current of the load, represents the minimum current of the load, represents the base switching frequency of the third power switch.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present application, the number of the third power switches can be multiple. Figure 6The main function of the second switch driving circuit 520 shown in [Figure] is to further enhance the driving ability of the third power switch in the PWM mode issued in the closed-loop control, so that the control signal sent to the third power switch has sufficient driving ability. At the same time, it adjusts the on-time interval between different third power switches, reserves a certain time for the resonant soft switching of each third power switch, and prevents commutation between each third power switch. The on-time interval between the third power switches can refer to the calculation of the on-time interval between the first power switches, which will not be elaborated here.

[0119] According to the embodiments of the present application, for the content not described in the third control mode and the fourth control mode, reference can be made to the descriptions of the first control mode and the second control mode in the embodiments of the present application respectively, which will not be elaborated here. The peak power supply module can have a control method similar to that of the rated power supply module. Therefore, for the content not described in the control of the peak power supply module, reference can be made to the control description of the rated power supply module in the embodiments of the present application, which will not be elaborated here.

[0120] Returning to Figure 4 , the peak power supply unit may further include a second switch K2 and a second diode D2. Among them, the second switch K2 and the second diode D2 are connected in parallel. One end of the second switch K2 is connected to the peak power supply module 430, and the other end is connected to the load bus. One end of the second diode D2 is connected to the peak power supply module 430, and the other end is connected to the load bus. When the second switch K2 is closed, the second diode D2 is short-circuited, and the electric energy output by the peak power supply module 430 is output from the path where the second switch K2 is located. When the second switch K2 is open, the electric energy output by the peak power supply module 430 is output from the path where the second diode D2 is located.

[0121] According to the embodiments of the present application, the second power flow control module 440 is configured to determine that the peak power supply module 430 outputs electric energy to the load via the second switch K2 when the peak power is greater than the actual power of the load; and determine that the peak power supply module 430 outputs electric energy to the load via the second diode D2 when the peak power is less than or equal to the actual power of the load, where the second switch K2 and the second diode D2 are connected in parallel.

[0122] According to the embodiments of the present application, the second switch K2 can be a high-power MOSFET. When the peak power is greater than the actual power of the load, the second switch K2 can be closed, and electric energy can be output to the load via the second switch K2.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present application, the second switch K2 and the second diode D2 are arranged in parallel to form two different paths. The path where the second switch K2 is located is applicable to the working condition of the load where the actual power of the load is less than or equal to the rated power of the load, that is, the power required by the load bus is less than or equal to the peak power output by the peak power supply module 430. Therefore, the peak power can be fully output to the load bus without worrying about the energy being fed back from the load bus to the peak power supply module 430. The path where the second diode D2 is located is applicable to the working condition of the load where the actual power of the load is greater than the rated power of the load, that is, the power required by the load bus is greater than the peak power output by the peak power supply module 430. The second diode D2 has the characteristic of forward conduction and reverse cut-off. Therefore, the second diode D2 can prevent the electric energy in the load bus from being fed back to the peak power supply module 430.

[0124] According to an embodiment of the present application, the design of the first switch and the first diode of the rated power supply unit and the design of the second switch and the second diode of the peak power supply unit can not only prevent the electric energy in the load bus from being fed back to the power supply circuit, but also prevent the reverse power flow between the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit, ensuring that the power supply circuit can work stably and reliably under multiple working conditions, and further improving the stability of the power supply circuit.

[0125] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the peak power is less than or equal to the actual power of the load, the second switch K2 can be disconnected, and electric energy is output to the load via the second diode D2. Thus, the peak power supply module 430 can only output electric energy to the load through the second diode D2, avoiding the abnormality of the power supply circuit caused by the electric energy in the load bus being fed back to the peak power supply module 430 through the second switch K2, thereby improving the stability of the power supply circuit.

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present application, the energy storage module can be configured to output electric energy to the load when the power supply bus is disconnected from the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit.

[0127] According to an embodiment of the present application, when the power supply bus is connected to the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit, the power supply bus can ensure the normal operation of the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit, and the energy storage module can store a part of the electric energy obtained through the intermediate bus 450. When the power supply bus is disconnected from the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit, the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit cannot obtain electric energy from the power supply bus in time.

[0128] According to an embodiment of the present application, the electric energy stored in the energy storage module can be used to output electric energy to the load, ensuring the power supply when the power supply bus is unavailable, and there is no need for the rated power supply unit to meet the power-off holding function, making the circuit structure simple.

[0129] Figure 7Shows a schematic diagram of a power supply circuit according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0130] As Figure 7 shown, the power supply circuit includes a power supply bus 110, a load bus 120, a rated power supply unit 130, and a peak power supply unit 140. The rated power supply unit 130 includes a rated power supply module 210, a first power flow control module 220, a first control module 230, a first switch K1, and a first diode D1. The peak power supply unit 140 includes an isolated buck conversion module 410, an energy storage module 420, a peak power supply module 430, a second power flow control module 440, a second control module 470, a second switch K2, and a second diode D2.

[0131] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the rated power supply module 210 is connected to the power supply bus 110 to obtain electric energy from the power supply bus 110. The output end of the rated power supply module 210 is connected to the load bus 120 through the first switch K1 and the first diode D1 to output a rated output power to the load bus 120. The first power flow control module 220 can be connected to the output end of the rated power supply module 210 and the load bus 120. The first power flow control module 220 can determine the transmission path for the rated power supply module 210 to output the rated output power to the load according to the magnitudes of the rated output power and the actual load power. The first control module 230 can be connected to the input end of the rated power supply module 210 and the load bus 120. The first control module 230 can calculate the energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the second control mode respectively, compare the energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the second control mode respectively, and determine the first target control mode from the first control mode and the second control mode according to the comparison result.

[0132] According to an embodiment of the present application, the input end of the isolation step-down conversion module 410 is connected to the power bus 110, and the output end of the isolation step-down conversion module 410 is connected to the intermediate bus 450. The input end of the energy storage module 420 is connected to the intermediate bus 450, and the output end of the energy storage module 420 is connected to the energy storage bus 460. The input end of the peak power supply module 430 is connected to the energy storage bus 460, and the output end of the peak power supply module 430 is connected to the load bus 120 through the second switch K2 and the second diode D2. The second power flow control module 440 can be connected to the output end of the peak power supply module 430 and the load bus 120. The second power flow control module 440 can determine the transmission path for the peak power supply module 430 to output peak power to the load according to the magnitudes of the peak power and the actual load power. The second control module 470 can be connected to the input end and the output end of the isolation step-down conversion module 410 and the load bus 120. The second control module 470 can calculate the energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the fourth control mode respectively, compare the energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the fourth control mode respectively, and determine the second target control mode from the third control mode and the fourth control mode according to the comparison result.

[0133] Figure 7 Descriptions of each part can refer to other embodiments in the present application and will not be elaborated here.

[0134] According to an embodiment of the present application, the peak power supply unit outputs electrical energy exceeding the rated power of the load to the load, while the rated power supply unit outputs electrical energy of the rated power of the load to the load. Therefore, the output voltage of the rated power supply unit can be maintained within a relatively narrow range. Moreover, both the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit can obtain electrical energy from the power bus separately and supply electrical energy to the load separately, being independent of each other without influence, which increases the stability of the power supply circuit. Also, the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit use the same power bus to obtain electrical energy and output electrical energy through the same load bus, with a simple structure.

[0135] Figure 8 A block diagram of a server according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0136] As Figure 8 shown, the server 800 includes the power supply circuit 100 of the embodiment of the present application.

[0137] According to an embodiment of the present application, the power supply circuit 100 can refer to the descriptions of other embodiments in the present application and will not be elaborated here.

[0138] According to the embodiments of the present application, since the peak power supply unit in the power supply circuit 100 outputs electrical energy exceeding the rated power of the load to the load, while the rated power supply unit outputs electrical energy of the rated power of the load to the load. Therefore, the output voltage of the rated power supply unit can be maintained within a relatively narrow range. Moreover, both the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit can separately obtain electrical energy from the power supply bus and separately supply electrical energy to the load, being independent of each other without interference, thereby increasing the stability of the power supply circuit. Thus, the server 800 can supply electrical energy to the load through the power supply circuit 100 of the embodiments of the present application, thereby achieving stable power supply to the load under various working conditions. And the power supply circuit 100 in the embodiments of the present application has a simple structure. The rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit both obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus and are independently arranged from each other, which can further increase the stability of the server in supplying electrical energy to the load. The design index and difficulty of the composite power supply structure of the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit are low, and there is no need for multiple power supply units to be redundantly connected in parallel, saving the volume of the server. Also, the utilization rate of each part of the power supply circuit 100 is high.

[0139] The flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings illustrate the possible architectures, functions, and operations of systems, methods, and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present application. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagram may represent a module, a program segment, or a part of code, and the above-mentioned module, program segment, or part of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the blocks may occur in a different order than marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive blocks shown may actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each block in the block diagram or flowchart, and the combination of blocks in the block diagram or flowchart, can be implemented by a dedicated hardware-based system for performing the specified functions or operations, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0140] Those skilled in the art can understand that the features described in the various embodiments of the present application can be combined and / or combined in various ways, even if such combinations or combinations are not explicitly described in the present application. In particular, without departing from the spirit and teachings of the present application, the features described in the various embodiments of the present application can be combined and / or combined in various ways. All such combinations and / or combinations fall within the scope of the present application.

[0141] The embodiments of the present application have been described above. However, these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application. Although the embodiments have been described separately above, this does not mean that the measures in each embodiment cannot be used advantageously in combination. Without departing from the scope of the present application, those skilled in the art can make various substitutions and modifications, and all of these substitutions and modifications should fall within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that, The circuit includes: A power supply bus configured to supply electrical energy to a rated power supply unit and a peak power supply unit; A load bus configured to supply electrical energy to a load; The rated power supply unit, the input end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the rated power supply unit is electrically connected to the load bus, configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus and output electrical energy less than or equal to the rated power of the load to the load through the load bus; The peak power supply unit, the input end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the peak power supply unit is electrically connected to the load bus, configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus and, when the actual power of the load is greater than the rated power of the load, output electrical energy of peak power to the load through the load bus so that the load can operate according to the actual power of the load.

2. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein The rated power supply unit includes: A rated power supply module configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus and output a rated output power less than or equal to the rated power of the load to the load through the load bus; A first power flow control module configured to determine a transmission path for the rated power supply module to output the rated output power to the load according to the rated output power and the actual power of the load.

3. The circuit according to claim 2, wherein The rated power supply unit further includes: A first control module configured to determine a first target control mode from the first control mode and the second control mode according to the energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the energy consumption in the second control mode, so as to control the rated power supply module to output a rated output power less than or equal to the rated power of the load to the load according to the first target control mode.

4. The circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first control module is configured to: Determine the mode with smaller energy consumption of the load in the first control mode and the second control mode as the first target control mode.

5. The circuit according to claim 3, wherein The rated power supply module includes a first power switch. In the first control mode, the first control module controls the rated output power by adjusting the conduction duty cycle of the first power switch. In the second control mode, the first control module controls the rated output power by adjusting the conduction frequency of the first power switch.

6. The circuit according to claim 5, wherein The rated power supply module includes: A first power converter, including a first input-side conversion sub-module and a first output-side power flow sub-module. The input end of the first input-side conversion sub-module is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the first output-side power flow sub-module is electrically connected to the load bus; The first power converter is configured to obtain input electrical energy through the power supply bus, convert the input electrical energy into output electrical energy less than or equal to the rated power of the load by using the first input-side conversion sub-module and the first output-side power flow sub-module, and output the output electrical energy to the load through the load bus.

7. The circuit according to claim 6, wherein The first control module is further configured to control the first power switch to turn on when the voltage across the first power switch is a preset voltage value, and control the first power switch to turn off when the current flowing through the first power switch is a preset current value.

8. The circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first power flow control module is configured to: When the rated output power is greater than the actual power of the load, determine that the rated power supply module outputs electrical energy to the load via the first switch; When the rated output power is less than or equal to the actual power of the load, determine that the rated power supply module outputs electrical energy to the load via the first diode, where the first switch and the first diode are connected in parallel.

9. The circuit according to claim 1, wherein The peak power supply unit is further configured to output electrical energy to the load when the power supply bus is disconnected from the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit.

10. The circuit according to claim 9, wherein The peak power supply unit includes: An isolation step-down conversion module configured to convert the voltage obtained through the power supply bus into an intermediate voltage; An energy storage module electrically connected to the isolation step-down conversion module through an intermediate bus and configured to store electrical energy of the intermediate voltage; A peak power supply module electrically connected to the energy storage module through an energy storage bus and configured to obtain electrical energy from the energy storage module and output electrical energy of peak power to the load through the load bus when the actual power of the load is greater than the rated power of the load; A second power flow control module configured to determine a transmission path for the peak power supply module to output electrical energy to the load according to the peak power output by the peak power supply module and the real-time power of the load.

11. The circuit according to claim 10, wherein The isolation step-down conversion module includes: A second power converter including a second input-side conversion sub-module and a second output-side power flow sub-module, where the input end of the second input-side conversion sub-module is electrically connected to the power supply bus, and the output end of the second output-side power flow sub-module is electrically connected to the intermediate bus; The second power converter is configured to obtain electrical energy through the power supply bus and convert the obtained electrical energy into the intermediate voltage through the second input-side conversion sub-module and the second output-side power flow sub-module.

12. The circuit according to claim 11, wherein The isolation step-down conversion module includes a second power switch, and the peak power supply unit further includes a second control module; The second control module is configured to determine the conduction duty cycle and conduction frequency of the second power switch according to the input voltage of the power supply bus and the intermediate voltage.

13. The circuit according to claim 12, characterized in that, The second control module is further configured to: Determine a second target control mode from the third control mode and the fourth control mode according to the energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the energy consumption of the load in the fourth control mode, so as to control the peak power supply module to output electrical energy of the peak power to the load according to the second target control mode.

14. The circuit according to claim 13, wherein The second control module is configured to: Determine the mode with the smaller energy consumption of the load in the third control mode and the fourth control mode as the second target control mode.

15. The circuit according to claim 13, wherein The peak power supply module includes a third power switch. In the third control mode, the second control module controls the peak power output by the peak power supply module by adjusting the conduction duty cycle of the third power switch. In the fourth control mode, the second control module controls the peak power of the peak power supply module by adjusting the conduction frequency of the third power switch.

16. The circuit according to claim 15, wherein The second control module is configured to control the third power switch to conduct when the voltage across the third power switch is a preset voltage value, and control the third power switch to turn off when the current flowing through the third power switch is a preset current value.

17. The circuit according to claim 10, wherein The second power flow control module is configured as follows: When the peak power is greater than the actual power of the load, it is determined that the peak power supply module outputs electric energy to the load via the second switch; When the peak power is less than or equal to the actual power of the load, it is determined that the peak power supply module outputs electric energy to the load via the second diode, where the second switch and the second diode are connected in parallel.

18. The circuit according to claim 10, wherein The energy storage module is configured to output electric energy to the load when the power supply bus is disconnected from the rated power supply unit and the peak power supply unit.

19. The circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that, The power supply bus includes a DC power supply bus.

20. A server, characterized in that, The server includes: The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 19.

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