A double ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration

Abstract

The present invention discloses a double ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration, which relates to the field of marine energy technology. The present invention includes a shell, a float and a symmetrically distributed power generation component. A groove is provided on the shell, and the float slides vertically on both sides of the bottom of the groove through a sliding seat and a spring system. The power generation component includes a frame, upper and lower electrode plates and a double ratchet transmission mechanism; the upper electrode plate is hinged to the auxiliary frame, and forms a vertical contact-separation friction nanogenerator with the fixed lower electrode plate; the ratchet escapement mechanism is linked to a bidirectional ratchet group through a rotating shaft, and the vertical vibration of the float is converted into a unidirectional rotation of the ratchet through a gear-rack trigger mechanism, driving the electrode plate to high-frequency contact and separation. The present invention can realize the three-level energy conversion of ocean current energy-mechanical vibration-unidirectional rotation-friction power generation, breaking through the locking range limitation of traditional devices. Through modular plug-in expansion, it is suitable for the efficient collection of low-frequency energy in complex marine environments.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of marine energy utilization, and in particular relates to a double ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration. Background Art

[0002] Conventional ocean current energy generation devices rely on high flow rates, are complex in structure, and have high maintenance costs. Their efficiency drops significantly under low flow rates. While recently developed triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) offer advantages in low-frequency energy harvesting, existing approaches that directly utilize fluid kinetic energy to drive TENGs suffer from a single energy conversion pathway and low mechanical coupling efficiency.

[0003] In the existing technology, vortex-induced vibration energy capture devices are usually limited to vibration in a single direction, which makes it difficult to efficiently match the contact and separation mode of TENG.

[0004] Furthermore, the existing swing-vertical motion conversion mechanism has the defects of large energy loss and narrow response frequency.

[0005] At the same time, if the conversion device prepared by combining the above-mentioned multi-stage structure, the multi-stage energy conversion device lacks a compact integrated design, resulting in a large overall volume and difficulty in adapting to complex marine environments. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration. The generator realizes a three-level energy conversion mechanism of ocean current energy, mechanical energy and electrical energy through the coupling of a swing mechanism and a double ratchet mechanical structure. It has a simple structure, low energy loss, high mechanical coupling efficiency, and realizes efficient and stable capture and directional transmission of ocean current energy.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A double ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration includes a shell, a buoy and two power generation components. The shell is provided with a groove for the passage of ocean currents. The buoys are vertically slidably arranged at the bottom of both sides of the groove. A partition plate is provided inside the shell, which divides the shell into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The two power generation components are respectively located in the upper cavity of the shell on both sides of the groove. The power generation component includes a frame, which is fixed inside the shell, an auxiliary frame is provided on the side of the frame, a connecting frame is fixed between the frame and the auxiliary frame, and the auxiliary frame is rotatably connected to the upper electrode plate on the side. A lower electrode plate is provided below the lower portion of the frame, the lower electrode plate is fixed to the top of the frame away from the upper electrode plate, the frame is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft at the end away from the lower electrode plate, both ends of the rotating shaft are rotatably connected to a ratchet escapement mechanism, the ratchet escapement mechanism is provided with a rotating connector toward the upper electrode plate end, connected to the upper electrode plate through the rotating connector, the rotating connector is rotatably connected to the frame, the ratchet escapement mechanism is connected to a swing mechanism at the end away from the upper electrode plate, and a trigger mechanism is provided in the upper cavity of the shell (20) on both sides of the groove, the trigger mechanism can drive the swing mechanism to swing back and forth by sliding the float up and down.

[0009] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the auxiliary frame is hingedly connected to a connecting rod on the side, and two connecting rods are provided along the height direction of the auxiliary frame. The connecting rod is hingedly connected to a support seat away from the end of the auxiliary frame, and the bottom of the support seat is fixedly connected to the upper electrode plate, and the upper and lower movements of the upper electrode plate are realized through the support frame.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate both adopt a gradient dielectric layer structure of PDMS / graphene composite film, and micro-pyramid arrays are provided on the opposite surfaces of the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate, with a height of 50-200 μm to improve wear resistance.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention, the ratchet escapement mechanism includes two first ratchets rotatably connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft and a second ratchet rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, the first ratchet is engaged with an inner claw on the inner side, the second ratchet is coaxially fixed to one of the first ratchets, and the second ratchet is engaged with an outer claw on the outer side.

[0012] As a preferred solution of the present invention, a conical gear ring 1 is fixed to one side of the second ratchet, and the same conical gear ring 2 is provided on the first ratchet at a position opposite to the conical gear ring 1. A planetary gear is meshed between the conical gear ring 1 and the conical gear ring 2. Several planetary gears are provided at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the conical gear ring 1. Several of the planetary gears are rotatably connected to a crank, and the crank is fixed on the rotating shaft. The teeth of the first ratchet and the second ratchet are arranged in positive and negative directions.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the rotating connecting member includes a support rod rotatably connected to the side surface of the outer claw. A through hole is formed in the lower electrode plate. The end of the support rod away from the outer claw passes upward through the through hole and is fixed to the upper electrode plate. The end of the outer claw away from the support rod is rotatably connected to the frame.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the swinging mechanism includes a U-shaped swinging frame fixed to the two inner claws. A swinging block is connected to the end of the U-shaped swinging frame away from the inner claws. The U-shaped swinging frame and the rotating shaft are driven to rotate by the swinging block.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two chute holes are symmetrically formed on both side walls of the groove. Sliding tracks are vertically provided inside the lower cavities on both sides of the groove. A sliding seat is slidably arranged on the sliding tracks. A spring is connected between the upper side surface of the sliding seat and the bottom of the lower cavity. Connecting rods are respectively provided at both ends of the floating cylinder. The connecting rods pass through the chute holes and extend into the lower cavity, and the ends are fixedly connected to the sliding seat, separating the triggering mechanism and the power generation component up and down, and isolating the power generation component from seawater.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the triggering mechanism includes a rack and a gear. A sliding rod is vertically slidably arranged on the partition plate. The lower end of the sliding rod extends into the lower cavity and the end is fixedly connected to the sliding seat. An active block is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the sliding rod. The rack is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the active block. The gear is rotatably arranged in the upper cavity. The gear is meshed and connected with the rack. One end of the swinging block away from the U-shaped swinging frame is hinged and connected with a connecting plate. The end of the connecting plate away from the swinging block is eccentrically rotatably connected to the gear.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, two plug-in connection seats are fixed on one side surface of the housing. Slots are arranged inside the plug-in connection seats. Two plug-in connection blocks capable of being inserted into the slots are fixed on the other side surface of the housing, which is convenient for combining and splicing a plurality of generators together.

[0018] In summary, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] Through the coupling of the swinging mechanism and the double ratchet mechanical structure, a three-stage energy conversion mechanism of ocean current energy, mechanical energy, and electrical energy is realized, achieving the full-frequency capture and directional transmission of ocean current energy. The teeth of the first ratchet and the second ratchet are arranged in opposite directions, realizing two contact separation actions triggered by a single swing, and the frequency doubling effect is significant;

[0020] Adopting a crank-planetary gear compound mechanism, converting vertical vibration into single-degree-of-freedom swing in the horizontal plane, with simple structure, small energy loss, and high mechanical coupling efficiency;

[0021] The electrode plate adopts a gradient dielectric layer structure of PDMS / graphene composite film. The polymer material has good insulation properties and long surface charge retention time. In addition, the contact surface of the upper and lower electrode plates is designed with a micro-pyramid array to increase the surface charge density and high energy conversion efficiency.

[0022] Based on the Karman vortex street effect in fluid mechanics, when the ocean current flows through the buoy in the groove, a periodically falling vortex is formed behind it, causing the buoy to vibrate up and down. The trigger mechanism drives the swing block to swing back and forth, and then the double ratchet mechanical structure drives the upper electrode plate to move back and forth, realizing the contact and separation between the upper and lower electrode plates, converting ocean current energy into electrical energy, and improving energy capture efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification, but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view of AA;

[0027] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the power generation component in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 First-person perspective image;

[0029] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 The second perspective of the image;

[0030] Figure 7 is a side view of the power generation assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a structural diagram of the combined application of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. Frame; 2. Auxiliary frame; 3. Connecting frame; 4. Upper electrode plate; 5. Lower electrode plate; 6. Rotating shaft; 7. Connecting rod; 8. Support base; 9. First ratchet wheel; 10. Inner claw; 11. Second ratchet wheel; 12. Outer claw; 13. First conical tooth ring; 14. Planetary gear; 15. Crank; 16. Support rod; 17. C-shaped swing frame; 18. Swing block; 19. Perforation; 20. Shell; 21. Sliding track; 22. Sliding seat; 23. Rack; 24. Gear; 25. Float; 26. Connecting plate; 27. Plug-in connection seat; 28. Plug-in connection block; 29. Groove; 30. Slot; 31. Spring; 32. Partition plate; 33. Slide bar; 34. Movable block; 35. Upper cavity; 36. Lower cavity; 37. Flow guiding block. Detailed implementation mode

[0033] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0035] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7 , a double-ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration, including a shell 20, a float 25 and two power generation components. A groove 29 for the sea current to pass through is formed in the shell 20. Slide groove holes are formed on both side walls of the groove 29. Vertical sliding tracks 21 are arranged inside the lower cavities 36 on both sides of the groove 29. A sliding seat 22 is slidably arranged on the sliding track 21. A spring 31 is connected between the upper side surface of the sliding seat 22 and the bottom of the lower cavity 36. Connecting rods are respectively arranged at both ends of the float 25. The connecting rods pass through the slide groove holes and extend into the lower cavity 36, and the ends are fixedly connected to the sliding seat 22.

[0036] A partition plate 32 is arranged inside the shell 20. The partition plate 32 divides the shell 20 into an upper cavity 35 and a lower cavity 36. The two power generation components are respectively located in the upper cavities 35 of the shell 20 on both sides of the groove 29.

[0037] The power generation component includes a frame 1. The frame 1 is fixed inside the shell. An auxiliary frame 2 is arranged on the side of the frame 1. A connecting frame 3 is fixed between the frame 1 and the auxiliary frame 2. An upper electrode plate 4 is rotatably connected to the side of the auxiliary frame 2. A lower electrode plate 5 is arranged below the upper electrode plate 4. The side of the lower electrode plate 5 away from the upper electrode plate 4 is fixed to the top of the frame 1. A rotating shaft 6 is rotatably connected to the end of the frame 1 away from the lower electrode plate 5. Ratchet escapement mechanisms are rotatably connected to both ends of the rotating shaft 6. A rotating connecting piece is arranged at the end of the ratchet escapement mechanism facing the upper electrode plate 4. The rotating connecting piece is connected to the upper electrode plate 4 through the rotating connecting piece. The rotating connecting piece is rotatably connected to the frame 1. A swing mechanism is connected to the end of the ratchet escapement mechanism away from the upper electrode plate 4.

[0038] Preferably, the upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5 may adopt a shape that matches the space of the upper cavity 35 to maximize the charge collection efficiency.

[0039] A trigger mechanism is provided in the upper cavity 35 of the housing 20 on both sides of the groove 29 . The trigger mechanism can drive the rocking mechanism to swing back and forth by sliding the float 25 up and down.

[0040] The auxiliary frame 2 is hingedly connected to a connecting rod 7 on its side. Two connecting rods 7 are provided along the height direction of the auxiliary frame 2. The end of the connecting rod 7 away from the auxiliary frame 2 is hingedly connected to a support seat 8. The upper electrode plate 4 is fixed to the bottom of the support seat 8.

[0041] The upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5 both adopt a gradient dielectric layer structure of PDMS / graphene composite film. Since the polymer material has good insulation properties, the surface charge is retained for a long time.

[0042] Micro-pyramid arrays with a height of 50 μm are provided on the opposing surfaces of the upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5 . The micro-pyramid arrays provided on the opposing surfaces constitute the friction layer of the upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5 .

[0043] In this embodiment, the upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5 constitute a vertical contact-separation friction nanogenerator. Based on the friction electrification and electrostatic induction principles of the vertical contact-separation friction nanogenerator, the mechanical structure is used to convert the ocean current energy into mechanical energy to drive the contact and separation of the upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5, thereby further realizing the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

[0044] Specifically, a three-stage energy conversion is achieved by coupling a rocking mechanism with a double ratchet mechanical structure, wherein the ratchet escapement mechanism includes a first ratchet 9 symmetrically connected to the two ends of the rotating shaft 6, an inner claw 10 is engaged on the inner side of the first ratchet 9, and also includes a second ratchet 11 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 6, an outer claw 12 is engaged on the outer side of the second ratchet 11, a conical gear ring 13 is fixed on the side of the second ratchet 11, and an identical conical gear ring 2 is provided at a position opposite to the conical gear ring 13, and the conical gear ring 2 is fixed to one of the first ratchets 9, and a planetary gear 14 is engaged between the conical gear ring 13 and the conical gear ring 2, and a number of planetary gears 14 are provided at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the conical gear ring 13, and a number of planetary gears 14 are rotatably connected to a crank 15, which is fixed on the rotating shaft 6.

[0045] In this embodiment, the tooth inclination angle of the first ratchet 9 is 25°, the tooth inclination angle of the second ratchet 11 is 55°, and the teeth of the first ratchet 9 and the second ratchet 11 are arranged in opposite directions.

[0046] The rotating connecting member includes a support rod 16 rotatably connected to the side surface of the outer claw 12. A through hole 19 is formed in the lower electrode plate 5. The end of the support rod 16 away from the outer claw 12 passes upward through the through hole 19 and is fixed to the upper electrode plate 4. The end of the outer claw 12 away from the support rod 16 is rotatably connected to the frame 1. After the second ratchet wheel 11 is driven to rotate, the outer claw 12 rotates accordingly. Since one end of the outer claw 12 is rotatably connected to the frame 1, the outer claw 12 rotates along this rotation point. Relative to this rotation point, the rotation connection between the outer claw 12 and the support rod 16 starts to rotate, driving the support rod 16 to move up and down. Moreover, the top of the upper electrode plate 4 is rotatably connected to the auxiliary frame 2 through a connecting rod 7. Thus, the upper electrode plate 4 moves up and down inside the through hole 19 and can intermittently separate from and contact the lower electrode plate 5.

[0047] The swing mechanism includes a U-shaped swing frame 17 fixed to the two inner claws 10. A swing block 18 is fixed to the end of the U-shaped swing frame 17 away from the inner claws 10. The swing block 18 is connected to the bottom of the U-shaped swing frame 17 in a screwed manner. Since the swing block 18 is fixed by screws, it is convenient to replace and adjust.

[0048] In this embodiment, the triggering mechanism includes a rack 23 and a gear 24.

[0049] A slide rod 33 is vertically slid and sealed on the partition plate 32. The lower end of the slide rod 33 extends into the lower cavity 36 and its end is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 22. An active block 34 is fixedly provided at the upper end of the slide rod 33. The rack 23 is fixedly provided on the side wall of the active block 34.

[0050] The gear 24 is rotatably arranged in the upper cavity 35. The gear 24 is meshed and connected with the rack 23. One end of the swing block 18 away from the U-shaped swing frame 17 is hinged and connected with a connecting plate 26. One end of the connecting plate 26 away from the swing block 18 is eccentrically rotatably connected to the gear 24.

[0051] When the ocean current flows through the floating cylinder, the fluid separates due to viscous action behind the floating cylinder 25, forming alternately shedding vortices. When the vortex shedding generates a downward pressure, the floating cylinder is pressed into the water and the buoyancy increases; subsequently, the floating cylinder rebounds and rises due to the buoyancy, driving the floating cylinder 25 to reciprocate up and down. Thus, the sliding seat 22 and the rack on the active block move up and down. Since the rack 23 is meshed with the gear 24, the gear 24 can be driven to rotate. And the connection between the gear 24 and the connecting plate 26 is eccentric. Therefore, the swing block 18 can be driven through the connection of the connecting plate 26 to drive the U-shaped swing frame 17 to swing.

[0052] By using a spring 31 to connect with the sliding seat 22, by adjusting the stiffness of the spring 31, the natural frequency of the floating cylinder 25 can be changed, enabling it to adapt to a wider flow velocity range and improving the efficiency of vortex-induced vibration; at the same time, setting the spring can quickly rebound the upper electrode plate, accelerating the separation speed of the upper electrode plate and the lower electrode plate and enhancing the charge transfer efficiency.

[0053] In this embodiment, a plug connector 27 is fixed to one side of the housing 20, and a slot 30 is provided within the plug connector 27. A plug connector block 28 is fixed to the other side of the housing 20, which can be inserted into the slot 30. Preferably, guide blocks 37 are provided at the front end of the housing 20 on both sides of the groove 29. The two guide blocks 37 form a bell mouth at the front end of the groove 29, increasing the speed of the ocean current entering the groove 29, reaching the natural frequency of the buoy 25 more quickly, further amplifying the vibration amplitude of the buoy 25, and enhancing energy capture efficiency.

[0054] like Figure 8 As shown, the plug-in connection block 28 can be plugged into the slot 30 to connect several shells 20 to each other, wherein the plug-in connection block 28 and the slot 30 have an interference fit, and then several generators can be arranged in an array, which can maintain a higher energy capture efficiency in complex ocean currents.

[0055] The working principle of the present invention is to achieve a three-level energy conversion mechanism of ocean current energy, mechanical energy, and electrical energy through the coupling of a rocking mechanism and a double ratchet mechanical structure. Based on the principles of triboelectric charging and electrostatic induction of a vertical contact-separation triboelectric nanogenerator, the double ratchet structure drives the upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5 to contact the friction layer. Due to the different electron gain and loss abilities of the materials, equal amounts of opposite charges are generated on the contact surface, resulting in a state of potential equilibrium. Under intermittent driving, the upper electrode plate 4 and the lower electrode plate 5 contact and separate from the friction layer. Due to the good insulation properties of polymer materials, the surface charge is retained for a long time, forming a potential difference between the two electrodes. When the voltage between the electrodes reaches its maximum, if an external load is applied, electrons flow from the upper electrode plate 4 to the lower electrode plate 5, driven by the potential difference. Applying external force again to bring the friction layers into contact gradually reduces the potential, causing electrons to flow from the lower plate to the upper plate. This cycle generates an alternating current, achieving the conversion of mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Claims

1. A double ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration, characterized in that: It includes a housing (20), a buoy (25) and two power generation components. A groove (29) for ocean currents to pass through is provided on the housing (20). The buoy (25) is vertically slidably arranged at the bottoms on both sides of the groove (29). The two power generation components are respectively located in the upper cavities (35) of the housing (20) on both sides of the groove (29). The power generation component includes a frame (1). The frame (1) is fixed inside the housing. An auxiliary frame (2) is provided on the side of the frame (1). An upper electrode plate (4) is rotatably connected to the side of the auxiliary frame (2). A lower electrode plate (5) facing the upper electrode plate (4) up and down is fixedly provided at the top of the frame (1). A rotating shaft (6) is rotatably connected to the frame (1). Ratchet escapement mechanisms are rotatably connected to both ends of the rotating shaft (6). A rotating connecting member is rotatably connected to the frame (1). The ratchet escapement mechanism is connected to the upper electrode plate (4) through the rotating connecting member. A swing mechanism is connected to the end of the ratchet escapement mechanism away from the upper electrode plate (4). Two connecting rods (7) are hinged to the side of the auxiliary frame (2) along the height direction of the auxiliary frame (2). A support seat (8) is hinged to the end of the connecting rod (7) away from the auxiliary frame (2). The bottom of the support seat (8) is fixedly connected to the upper electrode plate (4). The ratchet escapement mechanism includes two first ratchets (9) symmetrically and rotatably connected to both ends of the rotating shaft (6) and a second ratchet (11) rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (6). Inner claws (10) are engaged with the inner sides of the two first ratchets (9). The second ratchet (11) is coaxially fixedly connected to one of the first ratchets (9). An outer claw (12) is engaged with the outer side of the second ratchet (11). A conical tooth ring one (13) is fixed to one side of the second ratchet (11). A conical tooth ring two is provided at a position opposite to the conical tooth ring one (13). The conical tooth ring two is fixed to one of the first ratchets (9). Planetary gears (14) are engaged between the conical tooth ring one (13) and the conical tooth ring two. A number of planetary gears (14) are arranged at equal angles along the circumferential direction of the conical tooth ring one (13). A crank (15) is rotatably connected to the number of planetary gears (14). The crank (15) is fixed to the rotating shaft (6). The teeth of the first ratchet (9) and the second ratchet (11) are arranged in opposite directions. The rotating connecting member includes a support rod (16) rotatably connected to the side of the outer claw (12). A through hole (19) is provided on the lower electrode plate (5). The end of the support rod (16) away from the outer claw (12) passes through the through hole (19) upward and is fixed to the upper electrode plate (4). The end of the outer claw (12) away from the support rod (16) is rotatably connected to the frame (1). The swing mechanism includes a U-shaped swing frame (17) fixed to the two inner claws (10). A swing block (18) is connected to the end of the U-shaped swing frame (17) away from the inner claws (10). A partition plate (32) is provided inside the housing (20). The partition plate (32) divides the housing (20) into an upper chamber (35) and a lower chamber (36). Slide groove holes are formed on both side walls of the groove (29). Inside the lower chamber (36) on both sides of the groove (29), sliding tracks (21) are vertically provided. A sliding seat (22) is slidably arranged on the sliding track (21). A spring (31) is connected between the upper side surface of the sliding seat (22) and the bottom of the lower chamber (36). Both ends of the float (25) are respectively provided with connecting rods. The connecting rods pass through the slide groove holes and extend into the lower chamber (36), and the ends are fixedly connected to the sliding seat (22). Trigger mechanisms are provided inside the housing (20) on both sides of the groove (29). The trigger mechanisms can drive the swing mechanism to swing reciprocally by the up-and-down sliding of the float (25). The trigger mechanisms are arranged in the upper chamber (35) of the housing (20). The trigger mechanisms include: A rack (23). A slide rod (33) is vertically slidably arranged on the partition plate (32). The lower end of the slide rod (33) extends into the lower chamber (36), and the end is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (22). An active block (34) is fixedly arranged at the upper end of the slide rod (33). The rack (23) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the active block (34). A gear (24). The gear (24) is rotatably arranged in the upper chamber (35). The gear (24) is meshed and connected with the rack (23). One end of the swing block (18) far away from the U-shaped swing frame (17) is hinged and connected with a connecting plate (26). One end of the connecting plate (26) far away from the swing block (18) is eccentrically rotatably connected to the gear (24).

2. The double ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the upper electrode plate (4) and the lower electrode plate (5) adopt a gradient dielectric layer structure of a PDMS / graphene composite film. Micro-pyramid arrays are arranged on the opposite surfaces of the upper electrode plate (4) and the lower electrode plate (5), and the height thereof is 50 - 200 μm.

3. The double ratchet friction nanogenerator based on vortex-induced vibration according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two plug-in connection seats (27) are fixed on one side surface of the housing (20). Slots (30) are arranged inside the plug-in connection seats (27). Two plug-in connection blocks (28) that can be inserted into the slots (30) are fixed on the other side surface of the housing (20).

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