Outdoor photovoltaic support system based on inclination dynamic adjustment

Abstract

The application discloses an outdoor photovoltaic support system based on inclination dynamic adjustment, relates to the technical field of outdoor photovoltaic support angle adjustment, and specifically comprises a photovoltaic adjustment support, a communicating pipe is fixedly connected to the top of the photovoltaic adjustment support, a top support frame is sleeved on the communicating pipe, an electric push rod is rotationally connected to the side wall of the photovoltaic adjustment support through a bearing, and a roller is installed at the end of the electric push rod; the application is an innovative design of double-shaft driving and deflection angle limitation, combines intelligent control strategies of real-time monitoring, path planning and calibration modules, improves the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels, solves the problems of complex structure, frequent maintenance and insufficient stability in the prior art, further reduces energy consumption through the electric push rod and photovoltaic self-power supply design, ensures power generation gain, and significantly reduces the failure rate.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of outdoor photovoltaic support angle adjustment, in particular to an outdoor photovoltaic support system based on dynamic inclination adjustment. BACKGROUND

[0002] The inclination adjustment technology of photovoltaic support is one of the core directions to improve the efficiency of photovoltaic power generation. The current mainstream adjustment methods can be divided into fixed inclination support, single-axis tracking support and double-axis tracking support. However, the existing technology still has significant deficiencies in dynamic adjustment accuracy, structural stability and operation and maintenance cost.

[0003] Attempts have been made to improve tracking efficiency by optimizing the driving method, such as using polar-axis double-axis driving to achieve full-angle tracking, but the contradiction between structural complexity and stability has not been solved. There is also a single-axis driving combined with an inclination sensor to achieve dynamic adjustment, but it is limited to one-dimensional tracking and cannot fully cope with the change of solar azimuth. Therefore, how to achieve efficient double-axis angle adjustment through intelligent control while ensuring the stability of the support operation and reducing maintenance cost has become a key problem in the current outdoor photovoltaic support technology field.

[0004] For example, the utility model patent with publication number CN222802789U uses installation sleeve, support column, transmission shaft, gear and other components to adjust the angle of the support without electricity, which has certain emergency adjustment capability. However, the adjustment structure is relatively complex, multiple components work together, which increases the probability of failure, and it also lacks design for horizontal angle adjustment, which cannot fully adapt to the change of solar position. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an outdoor photovoltaic support system based on dynamic inclination adjustment to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an outdoor photovoltaic support system based on dynamic inclination adjustment, comprising a photovoltaic adjustment support, the top of the photovoltaic adjustment support is fixedly connected with a communication pipe, the communication pipe is sleeved with a top support frame, the side wall of the photovoltaic adjustment support is rotatably connected with an electric push rod through a bearing, the end of the electric push rod is installed with a roller, and the roller is rollingly connected with the bottom hanging frame of the top support frame.

[0007] The top of the top support frame is movably connected with a cantilever table, a placing rack is fixedly sleeved on the cantilever table, a guide wheel disc is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the communicating pipe, and a control box is installed on the photovoltaic adjusting support.

[0008] The path planning module is used for dynamic comparison and calculation processing of the photovoltaic panel power generation power signals collected by the placing rack corresponding to the deflection angle in each time period in the monitoring period, and generates a series of adjustment signals and sends them to the positioning and steering module.

[0009] Further, the dynamic comparison and calculation processing of the path planning module comprises:

[0010] The monitoring period and the placing rack deflection angle are divided, the monitoring period is divided into four periods, each period corresponds to the same length, then according to the SPA of NREL solar position algorithm, the latitude, longitude, time and altitude are input, the 24-hour solar position is calculated, the continuous smooth path in the monitoring period is generated according to the predicted solar track, the included angle with the horizontal plane is calculated by connecting the smooth path and the horizontal placing plate coordinates, and the corresponding complementary angle of the included angle is the placing rack deflection angle.

[0011] The monitoring data is compared with the threshold value, the four periods in the monitoring period are further divided at equal time intervals, the photovoltaic panel power generation power collected by the irradiance sensor in each time interval in the divided time period is obtained, a rectangular coordinate system is generated and the corresponding point position is marked, the photovoltaic panel power generation power collected in each time interval with the placing rack deflection angle of 0° is compared with the corresponding point position photovoltaic panel power generation power, the middle two periods are taken as reference objects, the difference value is calculated, the sum of the photovoltaic panel power generation power difference value is calculated and compared with the deviation threshold value, if the sum is less than or equal to the deviation threshold value, a first-order adjustment signal is generated, and if the sum is greater than the deviation threshold value, a second-order adjustment signal is generated.

[0012] Further, the cantilever table end is sleeved and fixed with a steering ring, and the steering ring side wall is sleeved and slidably connected with a steering block.

[0013] Further, the inner walls of the guide wheel disc on both sides are provided with limiting grooves, and the side wall of the steering block is protruded and abuts against the limiting grooves.

[0014] Further, the inner wall groove of the communication pipe is uniformly and slidingly connected with a limiting sleeve on the extension side of the guide wheel disc, a lead screw is installed in the communication pipe, one end of the lead screw penetrates through the limiting sleeve and is in threaded connection with the limiting sleeve, and a motor is installed on the control box and connected with the lead screw.

[0015] Further, the positioning and steering module keeps the deflection angle of the placing rack when receiving the first-stage adjustment signal, and the motor drives the lead screw to rotate when receiving the second-stage adjustment signal, and the limiting sleeve on the lead screw contacts the guide wheel disc and drives the guide wheel disc to deflect at the same time.

[0016] Further, the deflection angle correction method of the calibration module is as follows:

[0017] When the photovoltaic panel power generated in the same time period after the deflection angle is adjusted is greater than the photovoltaic panel power generated without adjustment of the deflection angle, a positive feedback signal is generated and sent to the directional steering module, and the existing deflection angle is kept unchanged, and conversely, a negative feedback signal is generated, and the directional steering module controls the motor to drive the guide wheel disc to rotate reversely, so as to deflect reversely at twice the original deflection angle.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. In the present application, the sun trajectory is tracked through the double-shaft driving adjustment and dynamic path planning module, the monitoring period is divided into multiple time periods by the path planning module, the adjustment signal is generated through difference calculation and threshold comparison, the photovoltaic panel is ensured to be always at the optimal inclination angle, the feedback correction mechanism of the calibration module further optimizes the deflection angle, the efficiency loss caused by environmental changes is avoided, compared with the traditional single-shaft or fixed support, the system significantly improves the energy capture efficiency of the photovoltaic panel through dynamic adjustment and self-correction capability, and especially when the solar radiation is the strongest in the middle time period, the difference summation of the generated power and the threshold comparison mechanism effectively guarantee efficient power generation.

[0020] 2. In the present application, the limiting double-shaft tracking design is adopted, the mechanical constraint of the guide wheel disc and the limiting groove and the synchronous movement of the lead screw driving limiting sleeve limit the excessive deflection of the photovoltaic panel, the need for frequent lubrication and additional counterweight is avoided, the sliding connection structure of the cantilever table and the steering ring simplifies the transmission mechanism and reduces the mechanical complexity, in addition, the modular design of the control box realizes automatic control and reduces manual intervention, compared with the traditional polar double-shaft system, part of the steering freedom is sacrificed to obtain higher structural stability, at the same time, through the electric push rod and the photovoltaic self-power supply design, the energy consumption and maintenance cost are further reduced, the failure rate is significantly reduced, and the long-term operation economy is more optimal. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram;

[0022] Figure 2 The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram;

[0023] Figure 3 The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram;

[0024] Figure 4 The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram;

[0025] Figure 5 The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram;

[0026] Figure 6 The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram;

[0027] Figure 7 The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram;

[0028] Figure 8 The application is based on the inclination dynamic adjustment of the outdoor photovoltaic support combination structure schematic diagram.

[0029] In the figure: 1, photovoltaic adjustment support; 2, electric push rod; 3, top support; 4, cantilever table; 5, placing rack; 6, control box; 7, communication pipe; 8, screw rod; 9, limiting sleeve; 10, guide wheel disc; 11, limiting groove; 12, steering ring; 13, steering block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the application, rather than all the embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments in the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the application.

[0031] Please refer to Figures 1-8 The application provides a technical solution:

[0032] Embodiment 1: The single-axis driven photovoltaic support adjustment system covers a limited area, the photovoltaic panel rotates around a single horizontal axis, rotates east-west, adjusts the inclination, and the electric push rod 2 or the stepping motor drive is the most common, and the present application is driven by double axes, the photovoltaic panel rotates around two orthogonal axes, adjusts the horizontal and vertical directions at the same time, realizes full-angle tracking, but it is different from the high-degree-of-freedom axial adjustment, the present application limits the deflection angle, does not need to frequently lubricate the bearing or set up additional counterweight and locking mechanism, sacrifices part of the steering freedom to enhance the stability of the support operation, and at the same time ensures that the power generation gain is greater than that of the traditional single-axis tracking;

[0033] As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the photovoltaic adjustment supports 1 are connected laterally through the communication pipes 7, the control boxes 6 are arranged at the head of the photovoltaic adjustment supports 1, and the whole control of the single-disk photovoltaic adjustment support 1 is realized;

[0034] The deflection angle is relatively common, the electric push rod 2 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the photovoltaic adjustment support 1, the electric push rod 2 is driven by using the power generation of the photovoltaic system itself without additional energy supply, the top support frame 3 is rotatably connected to the top of the photovoltaic adjustment support 1, the end of the electric push rod 2 is installed with a roller and is rollingly connected to the bottom of the top support frame 3, the top support frame 3 is rotatable on the communication pipe 7 under the control of the electric push rod 2, and the deflection angle of the top support frame 3 is controlled;

[0035] The cantilever table 4 is movably connected to the top of the top support frame 3, the end of the cantilever table 4 is sleeved with a steering ring 12, and the placing rack 5 for fixing the photovoltaic panel is installed on the cantilever table 4 and moves synchronously with the cantilever table 4, and the rotation angle of the central shaft of the cantilever table 4 is adjusted;

[0036] As shown in Figure 3 , the end of the steering ring 12 is slidably clamped with a steering clamping block 13, and a guide wheel disc 10 is arranged on the connecting pipe and between the corresponding photovoltaic adjustment supports 1, the guide wheel disc 10 is not sleeved on the connecting pipe, but has a space with the guide wheel disc 10, the guide wheel disc 10 is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the communication pipe 7, so that the guide wheel disc 10 can swing left and right on the communication pipe 7 under the condition that the communication pipe 7 is fixed, and a limiting groove 11 is formed in the inner wall on both sides of the guide wheel disc 10;

[0037] As shown in Figure 6 , the outer side of the steering clamping block 13 is protruded and clamped with the inner wall groove of the guide wheel disc 10, and the top support frame 3 rotates, as shown in Figure 5 , at this time, the steering clamping block 13 on the top support frame 3 is in abutment with the inner limiting groove 11 of the guide wheel disc 10, and when the whole guide wheel disc 10 rotates and deflects, as shown in Figure 7As shown, at this time, the steering block 13 moves down and is constrained by the guide wheel 10, which drives the entire steering ring 12 to deflect, thus realizing the rotation of the entire cantilever platform 4 and the photovoltaic module on the placement plate to complete the angle deflection.

[0038] As for the guide wheel 10 with a fixed deflection angle, such as Figure 8 As shown, the inner wall column at the bottom of the guide turntable enters through the bottom groove of the connecting pipe 7 and engages with the limiting sleeve 9 sleeved on the lead screw 8. As the motor inside the control box 6 rotates, the rotating lead screw 8 drives multiple sets of limiting sleeves 9 to move synchronously. After contacting the guide turntable, they cause the entire turntable to deflect, thus achieving the adjustment of the entire guide turntable's placement angle. The further the guide turntable moves towards the top, the greater the deflection angle of the entire steering ring 12 becomes, and then it gradually decreases.

[0039] While the top support frame 3 is rotated by the electric push rod 2, the placement frame 5 on the rotating arm platform can automatically deflect at multiple angles. There is no need to install a drive mechanism. The structure is simple and stable, with low cost and no need for additional counterweight locking. At the same time, it increases the overall power generation of the photovoltaic panel.

[0040] Example 2: Since the guide wheel 10 on the photovoltaic adjustment bracket 1 restricts the photovoltaic panel on the placement frame 5 to follow the rotation trajectory of the sun, compared with the traditional polar axis dual-axis drive tracking, its own tracking trajectory is more fixed. The loss of some steering flexibility is used to improve the overall stability of the bracket. At the same time, the movement trajectory of the photovoltaic panel is limited in a short period of time, avoiding the problem of increased maintenance frequency caused by frequent angle adjustment of the bracket.

[0041] As for the entire limit-type dual-axis tracking adjustment, the deflection trajectory positioning system with maximum efficiency is installed on the photovoltaic adjustment bracket 1 side with the control box 6. The control box 6 includes a real-time monitoring module, a path planning module, a positioning and steering module and a calibration module.

[0042] The real-time monitoring module includes tilt sensors and irradiance sensors installed on both sides of the top support rod. In the initial stage of photovoltaic panel movement, a fixed monitoring cycle and corresponding deflection angle of the placement frame 5 are set. The photovoltaic panel power generation signal collected by the placement frame 5 at the corresponding deflection angle in each time period within the monitoring cycle is sent to the path planning module.

[0043] Regarding the monitoring cycle and the deflection angle of the placement frame 5, the monitoring cycle is manually divided into four time periods, usually 12 hours of daytime monitoring, which can be adjusted according to different regions. Each time period has the same duration, that is, a single time period is 3 hours. Then, according to NREL's solar position algorithm SPA, the latitude, longitude, time and altitude are input to calculate the 24-hour solar position. Based on the predicted solar trajectory, a continuous smooth path is generated within the monitoring cycle. Then, the angle between the smooth path and the horizontal placement plate coordinates is calculated, and the corresponding complementary angle is the deflection angle of the placement frame 5.

[0044] The path planning module is used for monitoring the dynamic comparison calculation processing of the photovoltaic panel power generation signal collected by the corresponding deflection angle of the placing rack 5 in each time period in the detection period, generating a series adjustment signal and sending it to the positioning and steering module, and then dividing the four time periods in the detection period into equal time intervals, usually 10-15 minutes;

[0045] The photovoltaic panel power generation power collected by the irradiance sensor in each time interval in the divided time period is obtained, the abscissa is the equal time interval, the ordinate is the corresponding photovoltaic panel power generation power, and the photovoltaic panel power generation power collected by the placing rack 5 deflection angle of 0° is compared with the corresponding point photovoltaic panel power generation power, that is, the corresponding photovoltaic panel power generation power under the perfect condition of rotating vertically around the sun, and the curve is above each collection point.

[0046] In order to adjust the optimal photovoltaic panel deflection angle, the middle two time periods in the four time periods are taken as the specific comparison object, the photovoltaic panel power generation power collected in the same time interval is calculated by difference, and the photovoltaic panel power generation power difference is summed and compared with the deviation threshold value, if it is less than or equal to the deviation threshold value, a first-level adjustment signal is generated, if it is greater than the deviation threshold value, a second-level adjustment signal is generated;

[0047] When the positioning and steering module receives the first-level adjustment signal, the deflection angle of the placing rack 5 is maintained, which means that the photovoltaic panel motion trajectory formed by the constraint of the guide wheel disc 10 at this time meets the trajectory tracking standard, and there is no need to adjust the position of the guide wheel disc 10, and when the second-level adjustment signal is received, the motor drives the lead screw 8 to rotate, and the limit sleeve 9 on the lead screw 8 contacts and drives the guide wheel disc 10 to deflect at the same time, at this time the deflection direction is not fixed, so the calibration module is needed to correct the deflection angle;

[0048] That is, the power generation power of the adjusted photovoltaic panel is compared with that of the unadjusted photovoltaic panel, if the power generation power of the photovoltaic panel collected in the same time period after adjusting the deflection angle is greater than that of the photovoltaic panel with unadjusted deflection angle, a positive feedback signal is generated and sent to the directional steering module, the existing deflection angle is maintained, otherwise a negative feedback signal is generated, the directional steering module controls the motor to drive the guide wheel disc 10 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the original deflection angle is doubled and deflected in the opposite direction;

[0049] The placing rack 5 on the placing rack 5 is limited by the swing of the guide wheel disc 10 to track the trajectory and the deflection angle of the photovoltaic panel, providing the most stable and efficient light energy collection path, although it cannot be as flexible and comprehensive as the polar axis type double-axis deflection angle, but the overall deflection adjustment is simple, the structure is stable, and the photovoltaic panel power generation power is obviously improved compared with the fixed support or single-axis tracking, and the operation is more stable.

[0050] The preferred embodiments of the application disclosed above are only to facilitate the elucidation of the application. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details of the application and limit the application to the specific embodiments. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made in light of the teachings above. The description is chosen and described in order to provide the best illustration of the application and its practical application to those skilled in the art and to enable those skilled in the art to utilize the application in its best mode. The application is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An outdoor photovoltaic support system based on dynamic tilt adjustment, comprising a photovoltaic adjustment support (1), characterized in that, The top of the photovoltaic adjustment bracket (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (7), and a top support frame (3) is movably connected to the connecting pipe (7). The side wall of the photovoltaic adjustment bracket (1) is rotatably connected to an electric push rod (2) through a bearing. A roller is installed at the end of the electric push rod (2), and the roller is rotatably connected to the bottom bracket of the top support frame (3). The top of the top support frame (3) is movably connected to a cantilever platform (4), and a placement frame (5) is fixedly mounted on the cantilever platform (4). A guide wheel (10) is rotatably connected to the outer wall of the connecting pipe (7). A control box (6) is installed on the photovoltaic adjustment bracket (1). The control box (6) includes a real-time monitoring module, a path planning module, a positioning and steering module, and a calibration module. The real-time monitoring module includes an inclination sensor and an irradiance sensor installed on both sides of the top support rod. A fixed monitoring cycle and the corresponding deflection angle of the placement frame (5) are set. The photovoltaic power generation signal collected by the corresponding deflection angle of the placement frame (5) in each time period within the monitoring cycle is sent to the path planning module. The path planning module is used to dynamically compare and calculate the photovoltaic power generation signal collected by the placement frame (5) at the corresponding deflection angle during each time period of the monitoring cycle, generate a series adjustment signal and send it to the positioning and steering module. The positioning and steering module is used to adjust the deflection direction of the guide wheel (10). The calibration module is used to acquire and compare the photovoltaic power generation of the placement frame (5) at the corresponding deflection angle during a random time period after the guide wheel (10) deflects, generate a feedback signal to correct the deflection angle. A steering ring (12) is fixedly fitted at the end of the cantilever platform (4), and a steering block (13) is slidably connected to the side wall of the steering ring (12). The guide wheel (10) has limit grooves (11) on both sides of its inner wall, and the side wall protrusion of the steering block (13) abuts against the limit grooves (11); A limiting sleeve (9) is uniformly slidably connected on the inner wall groove of the connecting pipe (7) and on the extension side of the guide wheel (10). A lead screw (8) is installed inside the connecting pipe (7), and one end of the lead screw (8) passes through the limiting sleeve (9) and is threadedly connected to the limiting sleeve (9). A motor is installed on the side of the control box (6) and connected to the lead screw (8).

2. The outdoor photovoltaic support system based on dynamic tilt adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic comparison calculation process of the path planning module includes: The monitoring cycle and the deflection angle of the placement frame (5) are divided into four time periods. Each time period has the same duration. Then, according to NREL's SPA, the latitude, longitude, time and altitude are input to calculate the 24-hour sun position. A continuous smooth path is generated within the monitoring cycle based on the predicted sun trajectory. The angle between the smooth path and the horizontal placement plate coordinates is calculated, and the corresponding complementary angle is the deflection angle of the placement frame (5). The monitoring data is compared with the threshold. The four time periods within the detection period are divided into equal time intervals. The photovoltaic power generation of the irradiance sensor in each time interval within the divided time period is obtained. A rectangular coordinate system is generated and the corresponding points are marked. The photovoltaic power generation of the photovoltaic panel in each time interval collected by the placement rack (5) with an angle of 0° is compared with the photovoltaic power generation of the corresponding point. The difference is calculated with the two middle time periods as reference objects. The difference of photovoltaic power generation is summed and compared with the deviation threshold. If it is less than or equal to the deviation threshold, a first-level adjustment signal is generated. If it is greater than the deviation threshold, a second-level adjustment signal is generated.

3. The outdoor photovoltaic support system based on dynamic tilt adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the positioning and steering module inside the control box (6) receives the first-level adjustment signal, it maintains the deflection angle of the placement plate. When it receives the second-level adjustment signal, the motor on the control box (6) drives the lead screw (8) to rotate. The lead screw (8) and the upper limit sleeve (9) contact the guide wheel (10) at the same time, the guide wheel (10) deflects.

4. The outdoor photovoltaic support system based on dynamic tilt adjustment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method for correcting the deflection angle by the calibration module is as follows: When the photovoltaic power generated by the photovoltaic panel is greater than that of the photovoltaic panel without the adjustment of the deflection angle within the same time period after the adjustment of the deflection angle, a positive feedback signal is generated and sent to the directional steering module to keep the existing deflection angle unchanged. Conversely, a negative feedback signal is generated and the directional steering module controls the motor to drive the guide wheel (10) to rotate in the opposite direction, deflecting in the opposite direction at twice the original deflection angle.

Images