A rice depth measuring and fertilizing machine with intelligent metering function

Abstract

The present invention discloses a rice depth-sounding fertilizer applicator with an intelligent metering function, which belongs to the technical field of fertilizer applicators. A rice depth-sounding fertilizer applicator with an intelligent metering function comprises a traction truss and a seed fertilizer box, wherein a transmission chain assembly is provided on one side of the traction truss, wherein the traction truss comprises an external plate and a longitudinal axis bracket, a cutter disc assembly is provided below the longitudinal axis bracket, and a ground-pressing wheel is provided on one side of the cutter disc assembly. In order to solve the problem that the existing fertilizer applicators mostly cover the field with fertilizer once during the automatic fertilization process, and the fertilizer is mostly located inside the field mud, which leads to better nutrition in the deep soil. Once the rice root system is too short, it will not be able to effectively absorb nutrients, the ball shaft design at the end of the shaft rod enables it to have multi-angle adjustment capabilities, which can form a fertilizer groove while loosening the soil. The vertical material pipe directly transports the fertilizer to the bottom of the groove, and the oblique material pipe supplements the coverage from the upper oblique direction to form a layered fertilization effect and reduce fertilizer volatilization loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fertilizer spreaders, in particular to a rice depth-measuring fertilizer spreader with an intelligent metering function. Background Art

[0002] Fertilizer spreader, a machine for applying fertilizer, consists of a fertilizer box, a conveyor, a furrow opener, a depth adjustment mechanism, a control system, etc. The furrow opener is used to open a furrow in the soil. The fertilizer falls into the furrow through the conveyor and is then covered with soil. The depth adjustment mechanism ensures that the depth of fertilizer application is consistent. The depth of the furrow may be monitored and adjusted by sensors or mechanical devices.

[0003] Existing fertilizer spreaders usually cover the field with fertilizer once during the automatic fertilization process, and the fertilizer is mostly located inside the field mud. This will result in better nutrition in the deep soil. Once the rice roots are too short, they will not be able to effectively absorb nutrients. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rice depth-measuring fertilizer applicator with an intelligent metering function. The cutter disc assembly consists of a sleeve, a shaft and a joint sleeve. The ball shaft design at the end of the shaft enables it to have multi-angle adjustment capabilities, which can form a fertilizer groove while loosening the soil. The vertical material pipe transports the fertilizer directly to the bottom of the groove, and the inclined material pipe provides additional coverage from the upper side, forming a layered fertilization effect, reducing fertilizer volatilization loss, and can solve the problems in the existing technology.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a rice depth sounding fertilizer applicator with an intelligent metering function, comprising a traction truss and a seed fertilizer box, wherein a transmission chain assembly is provided on one side of the traction truss, wherein the traction truss comprises an external plate and a longitudinal axis bracket, a cutter disc assembly is provided below the longitudinal axis bracket, and a ground pressure wheel is provided on one side of the cutter disc assembly, adjustment brackets are provided above both sides of the traction truss, and the adjustment brackets are installed above the longitudinal axis bracket, and a fertilizer applicator is provided below the seed fertilizer box, wherein a bucket cabin is provided inside the seed fertilizer box, and a support plate is provided at the bottom of the seed fertilizer box, and the support plate is connected to the fertilizer applicator by bolts.

[0006] Furthermore, a hanger is provided at the front end of the longitudinal axis bracket, the hanger is rotatably connected to the longitudinal axis bracket, the hanger is connected to the traction truss through a slot, wherein the hanger is connected to the adjustment bracket through a support plate.

[0007] Through the above technical solution, a rotatable bracket is provided at the front end of the longitudinal axis bracket, which is connected to the tractor traction device through a slot to adapt to the matching requirements of different traction heights. The adjustment bracket is located above the longitudinal axis bracket, and a triangular stable structure is formed through the support plate and the bracket to ensure the lateral balance of the equipment in rugged fields and prevent rollover.

[0008] Furthermore, both ends of the fertilizer applicator are provided with a material port, and a discharge roller is provided inside the fertilizer applicator, wherein the discharge roller is rotatably connected to the fertilizer applicator, and a throwing trough is provided on the outer surface of the discharge roller, and a vertical material pipe is provided inside the longitudinal axis bracket, and an inclined material pipe is provided on one side of the vertical material pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, the oblique material pipe and the vertical material pipe are connected to the fertilizer applicator through a flange, and the longitudinal axis bracket is connected to the ground pressing wheel through a depth splint, wherein one end of the depth splint is rotatably connected to the ground pressing wheel, and the other end of the depth splint is rotatably connected to the longitudinal axis bracket through a damping shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a telescopic screw is provided in the middle section of the depth splint, and the depth splint is connected to the longitudinal axis bracket through the telescopic screw. A linkage support shaft is provided inside the damping shaft, and the linkage support shaft is connected to the depth splint through bolts.

[0011] Through the above technical solution, the ground pressing wheel is connected to the longitudinal axis bracket through the depth clamp, and a telescopic screw is provided in the middle section of the clamp to manually adjust the tillage depth.

[0012] Furthermore, the linkage support shaft and the damping shaft are rotatably connected through a rotation groove, and a limit block is provided on one side of the rotation groove, wherein the limit block and the linkage support shaft are connected through a card slot, and a plurality of resistance measuring points are provided on the inner side of the rotation groove, and the resistance measuring points and the rotation groove are connected through the card slot.

[0013] This technical solution incorporates a built-in linkage support shaft in the damping shaft, with resistance measuring points embedded in the support shaft surface. This system monitors soil resistance changes in real time and transmits this data to the control unit via the CAN bus. When resistance exceeds a preset threshold, the system automatically reduces the speed of the discharge rollers and, in conjunction with the tractor's hydraulic system, reduces travel speed, achieving a triple closed-loop control system of "resistance, flow, and speed."

[0014] Furthermore, the flip angle of the linkage support shaft is 0-30°.

[0015] Furthermore, the cutter disc assembly includes a cover and a joint sleeve, and the joint sleeve is located between the cutter disc assemblies, wherein a pull rod is provided on the outside of the joint sleeve, one end of the pull rod is connected to the joint sleeve through a slot, and the other end of the pull rod is connected to the longitudinal axis bracket through a bolt.

[0016] Furthermore, a shaft is provided inside the sleeve, and the shaft is rotatably connected to the sleeve via a bearing, wherein an integrally formed ball shaft is provided at one end of the shaft, and the shaft is rotatably connected to the joint sleeve via the ball shaft.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, the ball-shaft design at the end of the shaft enables it to have multi-angle adjustment capabilities, which can form fertilizer grooves while loosening the soil.

[0018] Furthermore, the vertical material pipe extends to the bottom of the cutter disc assembly, and the oblique material pipe extends to the oblique upper part of the cutter disc assembly.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the vertical material pipe transports the fertilizer directly to the bottom of the groove, and the inclined material pipe provides additional coverage from the upper side, forming a layered fertilization effect and reducing fertilizer volatilization losses.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. This invention combines mechanical structure with intelligent sensing technology to achieve the coordinated operation of precise fertilization and soil treatment. Its core structure includes a traction truss, a seed and fertilizer box, a cutterhead assembly, and an intelligent fertilization system. The traction truss serves as the main frame, and the external plate and longitudinal axis bracket support the overall operation of the equipment. The transmission chain assembly transmits power to the cutterhead assembly and fertilizer applicator.

[0022] 2. The present invention's cutterhead assembly consists of a sleeve, a shaft, and a joint sleeve. The ball-axle design at the end of the shaft enables multi-angle adjustment, which can form a fertilizer groove while loosening the soil. The vertical material pipe delivers fertilizer directly to the bottom of the groove, and the inclined material pipe provides additional coverage from above, forming a layered fertilization effect and reducing fertilizer volatilization loss.

[0023] 2. This invention incorporates a built-in linkage support shaft in the damping shaft. Resistance measuring points are embedded in the support shaft surface to monitor soil resistance changes in real time, transmitting this data to a control unit via the CAN bus. When resistance exceeds a preset threshold, the system automatically reduces the speed of the discharge rollers and, in conjunction with the tractor's hydraulic system, reduces travel speed, achieving a triple closed-loop control system of "resistance, flow, and speed." BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is the overall front view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal axis support structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a seed fertilizer box of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the seed fertilizer box of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the longitudinal axis support of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the damping shaft of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of the cutter head assembly of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the cutter head assembly of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. traction truss; 2. seed fertilizer box; 3. ground pressure wheel; 4. cutter head assembly; 5. transmission chain assembly; 101. external plate; 102. longitudinal axis bracket; 103. adjustment bracket; 1021. bracket; 1022. telescopic screw; 1023. vertical material pipe; 1024. inclined material pipe; 1025. pull rod; 1031. support plate; 201. bucket cabin; 202. fertilizer applicator; 2011. support plate; 2021. discharge roller; 2022. throwing chute; 2023. material port; 301. depth splint; 302. damping shaft; 303. linkage support shaft; 3021. limit block; 3022. rotating chute; 3023. resistance measuring point; 401. envelope; 402. joint sleeve; 403. shaft; 4031. ball shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] In order to solve the problem that the existing fertilizer spreaders usually cover the field with fertilizer once during the automatic fertilization process, and the fertilizer is mostly located inside the field mud, which will result in better nutrition in the deep soil, but once the rice roots are too short, they will not be able to effectively absorb nutrients; please refer to Figure 1-8 , this embodiment provides the following technical solutions:

[0035] A rice depth measuring fertilizer applicator with intelligent metering function, including a traction truss 1 and a seed fertilizer box 2, a transmission chain assembly 5 is provided on one side of the traction truss 1, wherein the traction truss 1 includes an external plate 101 and a longitudinal axis bracket 102, a cutter disc assembly 4 is provided below the longitudinal axis bracket 102, and a ground pressure wheel 3 is provided on one side of the cutter disc assembly 4, and an adjustment bracket 103 is provided above both sides of the traction truss 1, and the adjustment bracket 103 is installed above the longitudinal axis bracket 102. A fertilizer applicator 202 is provided below, wherein a bucket cabin 201 is provided inside the fertilizer box 2, a support plate 2011 is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box 2, the support plate 2011 is connected to the fertilizer applicator 202 by bolts, a hanger 1021 is provided at the front end of the longitudinal axis bracket 102, the hanger 1021 is rotatably connected to the longitudinal axis bracket 102, the hanger 1021 is connected to the traction truss 1 through a card slot, wherein the hanger 1021 is connected to the adjustment bracket 103 by a support plate 1031;

[0036] In this embodiment, the traction truss 1 is composed of an external plate 101 and a longitudinal axis support 102, forming the main frame. The drive chain assembly 5 transmits power to the cutterhead assembly 4 and the fertilizer applicator 202. The traction truss 1, serving as the core support structure of the equipment, is welded from high-strength alloy steel. The external plate 101 and the longitudinal axis support 102 are secured with bolts, creating a modular design that facilitates disassembly and maintenance. A rotatable bracket 1021 is located at the front end of the longitudinal axis support, connecting to the tractor's traction device via a slot to accommodate different traction heights. The adjustment bracket 103, located above the longitudinal axis support, forms a triangular stabilization structure with the bracket via a support plate 1031, ensuring lateral balance in rugged fields and preventing rollover.

[0037] Both ends of the fertilizer applicator 202 are provided with a feeding port 2023, and a discharging roller 2021 is provided inside the fertilizer applicator 202, wherein the discharging roller 2021 is rotatably connected to the fertilizer applicator 202, and the discharging roller speed 2021 is adjusted according to the rice variety and soil fertility, and then the target fertilizer amount is input through the control system, and the outer surface of the discharging roller 2021 is provided with a throwing trough 2022, and a vertical material pipe 1023 is provided inside the longitudinal axis bracket 102, and an oblique material pipe 1024 is provided on one side of the vertical material pipe 1023, and the oblique material pipe 1024 and the vertical material pipe 1023 are connected to the fertilizer applicator 202 through a flange, and the longitudinal axis bracket 102 is connected to the ground pressing wheel 3 through a depth splint 301, wherein one end of the depth splint 301 is rotatably connected to the ground pressing wheel 3, and the other end of the depth splint 301 is rotatably connected to the longitudinal axis bracket 102 through the damping shaft 302;

[0038] In this embodiment, the seed and fertilizer tank 2 utilizes a split design. The bucket compartment 201 is equipped with a moisture-proof coating. The bottom support plate 2011 is supported by a spring and automatically adjusts its opening and closing gap according to the fertilizer's fluidity. The core of the fertilizer applicator 202 is a discharging roller 2021, whose surface is evenly distributed with spiral chutes 2022. Driven by a servo motor, the speed range is 200-500 rpm, and the fertilizer flow rate is accurate to ±5g / m. The tilling wheel 3 is connected to the longitudinal axis support via a depth clamp 301. A telescopic screw 1022 is located in the middle of the clamp to manually adjust the tillage depth.

[0039] The middle section of the depth splint 301 is provided with a telescopic screw 1022, and the depth splint 301 is connected to the longitudinal axis bracket 102 through the telescopic screw 1022. The telescopic screw 1022 is rotated to change the length of the depth splint 301. Combined with the pressure of the ground pressing wheel 3, the depth of the cutter head into the soil is controlled. A linkage support shaft 303 is provided inside the damping shaft 302, and the linkage support shaft 303 is connected to the depth splint 301 by bolts. The linkage support shaft 303 is rotatably connected to the damping shaft 302 through a rotating groove 3022. A limit block 3021 is provided on one side of the rotating groove 3022, wherein the limit block 3021 is connected to the linkage support shaft 303 through a card slot, and a plurality of resistance measuring points 3023 are provided on the inner side of the rotating groove 3022, and the resistance measuring points 3023 are connected to the rotating groove 3022 through a card slot. The flip angle of the linkage support shaft 303 is 0-30°;

[0040] In this embodiment, the damping shaft 302 incorporates a linkage support shaft 303, with six sets of resistance measuring points 3023 embedded in its surface. These sensors monitor soil resistance changes in real time and transmit this data to the control unit via the CAN bus. When resistance exceeds a preset threshold, the system automatically reduces the speed of the discharge rollers and, in conjunction with the tractor's hydraulic system, reduces travel speed, achieving a triple closed-loop control system of "resistance, flow, and speed."

[0041] Smart mode parameter settings:

[0042] Basic parameter input: Enter the field area (ha), target fertilizer rate (kg / ha) and fertilizer type (granular / powder) on the control panel, and the system will automatically calculate the theoretical roller speed.

[0043] Soil adaptation settings: Select a preset mode based on the soil type:

[0044] Clay: The resistance threshold is set to 300Ω, the fertilization depth is 12-15cm, and the lower limit of the roller speed is 250r / min.

[0045] Sandy loam: The resistance threshold is set to 150Ω, the fertilization depth is 8-10cm, and the upper limit of the roller speed is 400r / min.

[0046] The cutter head assembly 4 includes a sleeve 401 and a joint sleeve 402, wherein the joint sleeve 402 is located between the cutter head assemblies 4, wherein a pull rod 1025 is provided on the outside of the joint sleeve 402, one end of the pull rod 1025 is connected to the joint sleeve 402 through a slot, and the other end of the pull rod 1025 is connected to the longitudinal axis bracket 102 through a bolt, and a shaft rod 403 is provided inside the sleeve 401, and the shaft rod 403 is rotatably connected to the sleeve 401 through a bearing, wherein one end of the shaft rod 403 is provided with an integrally formed ball shaft 4031, and the shaft rod 403 is rotatably connected to the joint sleeve 402 through the ball shaft 4031, the vertical material pipe 1023 extends to the bottom of the cutter head assembly 4, and the oblique material pipe 1024 extends to the oblique upper part of the cutter head assembly 4;

[0047] In this embodiment, the cutter disc assembly 4 consists of a sleeve 401, a shaft 403 and a joint sleeve 402. A high-precision bearing is installed inside the sleeve, and the end of the shaft adopts an integrated ball shaft 4031 design to support 360° rotation. The inclination angle of the cutter disc is adjusted by the pull rod 1025 to 15-25° for the optimal angle of entry into the soil. When the cutter disc is in operation, it cuts into the soil at a speed of 200-300r / min, forming a V-shaped groove with a depth of 8-15cm, and at the same time throws the turned-up soil to both sides. The vertical material pipe 1023 extends to the bottom of the cutter disc, accurately delivering fertilizer to the deep end of the groove; the oblique material pipe 1024 is arranged at a 45° angle to cover part of the fertilizer on the surface soil, realizing a double-layer fertilization mode of "deep application + shallow covering", reducing ammonia volatilization loss by more than 30%.

[0048] Working principle: Confirm that the fertilizer box 2 is full of fertilizer, check that the vertical material pipe 1023 and the inclined material pipe 1024 are not blocked, the cutter head assembly 4 turns the soil and ditches, the fertilizer spreader 202 simultaneously meters and discharges the fertilizer, and the ground pressing wheel 3 compacts the soil and covers the fertilizer. Observe the feedback on the control panel in real time. If the resistance is abnormal, such as encountering a hard soil layer, the system automatically reduces the speed or suspends fertilization. By adjusting the bracket 103 and the support plate 1031, the lateral balance of the equipment is fine-tuned to avoid tilting. After activating the intelligent mode, the resistance measuring point 3023 and the linkage support shaft 303 automatically adjust the fertilizer amount and depth to adapt to the local fertility differences in the field. The built-in sensor records the fertilizer amount, depth and soil resistance data, which can be exported via USB for later farmland management analysis. After each shift, use a high-pressure air gun to clean the soil residue on the cutter head assembly 4, focusing on unblocking the interface between the vertical material pipe 1023 and the inclined material pipe 1024 to prevent compaction and blockage. The ball shaft 4031 and the joint sleeve 402 are filled with lithium-based grease NLGI weekly. Level 2; inject silicone grease into the rotating groove 3022 of the damping shaft 302 every month to prevent oxidation of the resistance measuring point 3023. Check the connecting bolts between the depth splint 301 and the longitudinal axis bracket 102 before daily operation to ensure that the preload force reaches 30N·m; if any wear marks appear on the limit block 3021, replace it immediately.

[0049] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0050] While the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A rice depth measuring fertilizer applicator with intelligent metering function, characterized in that: The invention comprises a traction truss (1) and a seed fertilizer box (2), wherein a transmission chain assembly (5) is provided on one side of the traction truss (1), wherein the traction truss (1) comprises an external hanging plate (101) and a longitudinal axis bracket (102), a cutter disc assembly (4) is provided below the longitudinal axis bracket (102), and a ground pressure wheel (3) is provided on one side of the cutter disc assembly (4), and adjustment brackets (103) are provided above both sides of the traction truss (1), and the adjustment brackets (103) are installed above the longitudinal axis bracket (102). A fertilizer applicator (202) is provided, wherein a hopper (201) is provided inside the seed fertilizer box (2), a support plate (2011) is provided at the bottom of the seed fertilizer box (2), and the support plate (2011) is connected to the fertilizer applicator (202) by bolts; both ends of the fertilizer applicator (202) are provided with a material port (2023), and a discharge roller (2021) is provided inside the fertilizer applicator (202), wherein the discharge roller (221) is rotatably connected to the fertilizer applicator (202), and the outer surface of the discharge roller (2021) is provided with a polished The material trough (2022) is provided with a vertical material pipe (1023) inside the longitudinal axis bracket (102), and an oblique material pipe (1024) is provided on one side of the vertical material pipe (1023); the cutter head assembly (4) includes a cover (401) and a joint cover (402), and the joint cover (402) is located between the cutter head assemblies (4), wherein a pull rod (1025) is provided on the outside of the joint cover (402), and one end of the pull rod (1025) is connected to the joint cover (402) through a slot, and the other end of the pull rod (1025) is connected to the joint cover (402) through a slot. The end is connected to the longitudinal axis bracket (102) by bolts; a shaft (403) is provided inside the sleeve (401), and the shaft (403) and the sleeve (401) are rotatably connected via a bearing, wherein one end of the shaft (403) is provided with an integrally formed ball shaft (4031), and the shaft (403) is rotatably connected to the joint sleeve (402) via the ball shaft (4031); the vertical material pipe (1023) extends to the bottom of the cutter disc assembly (4), and the oblique material pipe (1024) extends to the oblique upper part of the cutter disc assembly (4).

2. The rice depth measuring fertilizer applicator with intelligent metering function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hanging bracket (1021) is provided at the front end of the longitudinal axis bracket (102), the hanging bracket (1021) is rotatably connected to the longitudinal axis bracket (102), the hanging bracket (1021) is connected to the traction truss (1) via a slot, and the hanging bracket (1021) is connected to the adjustment bracket (103) via a support plate (1031).

3. The rice depth measuring fertilizer applicator with intelligent metering function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The oblique material pipe (1024) and the vertical material pipe (1023) are connected to the fertilizer applicator (202) via flanges, and the longitudinal axis bracket (102) is connected to the ground pressing wheel (3) via a depth clamping plate (301), wherein one end of the depth clamping plate (301) is rotationally connected to the ground pressing wheel (3), and the other end of the depth clamping plate (301) is rotationally connected to the longitudinal axis bracket (102) via a damping shaft (302).

4. The rice depth measuring fertilizer applicator with intelligent metering function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A telescopic screw (1022) is provided in the middle section of the depth clamping plate (301), and the depth clamping plate (301) is connected to the longitudinal axis bracket (102) via the telescopic screw (1022). A linkage support shaft (303) is provided inside the damping shaft (302), and the linkage support shaft (303) is connected to the depth clamping plate (301) via bolts.

5. The rice depth measuring fertilizer applicator with intelligent metering function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The linkage support shaft (303) and the damping rotating shaft (302) are rotatably connected via a rotating groove (3022); a limit block (3021) is provided on one side of the rotating groove (3022); the limit block (3021) and the linkage support shaft (303) are connected via a clamping groove; a plurality of resistance measuring points (3023) are provided on the inner side of the rotating groove (3022); and the resistance measuring points (3023) and the rotating groove (3022) are connected via the clamping groove.

6. The rice depth measuring fertilizer applicator with intelligent metering function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The turning angle of the linkage support shaft (303) is 0-30°.

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