Equipment and method for ecologically planting under-forest polygonatum kingianum in karst stony mountainous area

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of polygonatum sibiricum planting, in particular to an under-forest polygonatum sibiricum ecological planting device and method in a karst stony mountainous area. According to the technical scheme, the sealwort planting device comprises a planting and transporting assembly, and a planting distance adjusting assembly used for adjusting the sealwort planting range is installed on one side of the planting and transporting assembly. According to the invention, the control unit controls the seedling storage pipe to release or close the polygonatum sibiricum seedlings in the four seedling transport pipes, and the planting spacing of the polygonatum sibiricum seedlings is adjusted according to the regional state of the karst rocky mountain forest, so that the planting spacing is well adjusted according to environmental factors; compared with traditional small and medium-sized planting equipment which needs to frequently change positions for planting polygonatum sibiricum, the equipment has higher efficiency and smaller size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polygonatum planting, and in particular to an ecological planting device and method for polygonatum planting under forests in karst rocky mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] The environment of karst rocky mountainous areas is relatively harsh, with broken terrain, shallow soil layer (usually less than 30cm), and high rock exposure rate, resulting in poor water and fertilizer retention capacity, prone to soil erosion. At the same time, when it rains, the precipitation is concentrated but the evaporation is large, resulting in dry local microclimate. In strong sunlight weather, the shade under the forest is insufficient, resulting in traditional reclamation easily aggravating rocky desertification, and it is necessary to take into account both ecological restoration and agricultural production;

[0003] During its growth, Polygonatum sibiricum prefers a shady, humid, low-light environment, and requires loose, fertile, slightly acidic soil (pH5.5-6.5). It should avoid direct sunlight and water accumulation. The currently available ecological planting equipment is difficult to solve the problems of excessive single application of chemical fertilizers and large accumulation bases, and the above problems are likely to aggravate desertification in the planting area.

[0004] In the patent document with the publication number CN213306291U, a polygonatum planting device is disclosed, including a fuselage body and a driving control mechanism, wherein a spiral seeding mechanism is fixedly installed in the middle of the bottom of the fuselage body. It adopts a pressure wheel, a bulldozer, a water outlet, a spreading pipe, a loosening shovel, a weeding mechanism and a driving control mechanism. In actual use, the device is moved to the planting site through the driving control mechanism. After the device is moved to the site, as long as the seeds, fertilizers and water are loaded into the corresponding positions, the operation can be started. The productivity is greatly liberated during the planting process. The overall equipment has the advantages of diverse functions and a single machine to complete all planting operations.

[0005] When the above device is in use, it directly mixes fertilizer and water and pours it into the planting area. The single fertilizer delivery area is small, and the fertilizer and water are too accumulated together, which easily leads to desertification in the planting area.

[0006] Therefore, the present application proposes an ecological planting device and method of Polygonatum cyrtonema under the forest in karst rocky mountainous areas. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to propose an ecological planting device and method for Polygonatum sibiricum under the forest in karst rocky mountainous areas in order to address the problems in the background technology that the single fertilizer delivery area is small and the fertilizer and water are too accumulated together, which easily leads to desertification in the planting area.

[0008] On the one hand, the present invention provides an ecological planting device for Polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas, including a planting and transporting component, and a planting spacing adjustment component for adjusting the planting range of Polygonatum sibiricum is installed on one side of the planting and transporting component;

[0009] A seedling transmission component for outputting Polygonatum sibiricum seedlings is installed on one side of the planting spacing adjustment component, and an earth-digging and fertilizing component for transplanting Polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, digging soil and fertilizing the planting area is installed at the bottom of the seedling transmission component.

[0010] Optionally, the planting and transporting component includes a planting and transporting frame, a rotating rod is rotatably installed inside the planting and transporting frame through a first motor, and a positioning block is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating rod.

[0011] Optionally, the planting spacing adjustment component includes two groups of transposition adjustment frames fixedly installed on one side of the positioning block, a forward and reverse rotation motor is fixedly installed on the top of the transposition adjustment frame, an auxiliary rotating rod is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor, and a transverse slideway is hinged on the side of the auxiliary rotating rod away from the forward and reverse rotation motor.

[0012] Optionally, a sliding cavity frame is fixedly installed on one side of the transposition adjustment frame, a positioning slider is slidably installed inside the sliding cavity frame, a vertical slideway is fixedly installed on the top of the positioning slider, the transverse slideway is slidably installed on the outer side of the vertical slideway, a planting positioning plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transverse slideway, and two limiting blocks are fixedly installed at the top end of the transposition adjustment frame.

[0013] Optionally, the seedling transmission component includes four fixed blocks fixedly installed on one side of the planting positioning plate, a seedling transport pipe is fixedly installed inside the fixed block, and a seedling storage pipe is fixedly installed on the top of the seedling transport pipe.

[0014] Optionally, a sliding cavity transmission pipe is slidably installed on the outer side of the seedling transport pipe, a first hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the planting positioning plate, a fixed clamping plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first hydraulic telescopic rod, the fixed clamping plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe, a second hydraulic telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fixed clamping plate, and a slideway plate is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second hydraulic telescopic rod, and the slideway plate is slidably installed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe.

[0015] Optionally, the soil-digging and fertilizing assembly includes a second gear rotatably installed at the bottom of the slide plate. An annular fixing block is rotatably installed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe. A first gear is fixedly installed on the top of the annular fixing block. The first gear and the second gear are arranged in a meshing state. An arc track is formed on one side of the slide plate. An arc hole adapted to the arc track is formed on one side of the first gear. A vertical track is formed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe. An auxiliary push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide plate.

[0016] Optionally, a conveying short pipe is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary push rod. A plurality of L-shaped clamping plates are hinged to the outer side of the conveying short pipe through positioning rings. A bent rod is hinged between the annular fixing block and the L-shaped clamping plate. A hollow soil-digging arc block is fixedly installed at the bottom of the L-shaped clamping plate.

[0017] Optionally, the soil-digging and fertilizing assembly further includes a fertilizer mixing tank fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe. A conveying pipe is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer mixing tank. A pipe connection block is fixedly installed on one side of the hollow soil-digging arc block. The conveying pipe passes through the slide plate and is fixedly installed with one end of the arc hole and the pipe connection block. A transmission hole communicating with the pipe connection block is formed in the inner wall of the hollow soil-digging arc block.

[0018] On the other hand, the present application provides:

[0019] An ecological planting method for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas, comprising the following steps:

[0020] S1: Select a natural secondary forest with a slope ≤ 25° and a soil layer thickness ≥ 20 cm as the planting area. At the same time, retain the original vegetation for shading (light transmittance 30% - 50%). Adjust the forest stand by thinning overcrowded trees and retain scattered arbors to form natural shade;

[0021] S2: The staff mixes the humic acid type water-soluble fertilizer and the water-retaining agent inside the fertilizer mixing tank. After starting the planting transportation assembly and driving it to the specified planting area, the inclination sensor monitors the angles between the planting spacing adjustment assembly, the seedling transmission assembly and the ground in real time. The angles of the planting spacing adjustment assembly and the seedling transmission assembly are adjusted through the first motor, so that the planting spacing adjustment assembly and the seedling transmission assembly are perpendicular to the ground when transplanting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, digging soil and fertilizing the planting area;

[0022] S3: According to the planting spacing requirements, the staff outputs polygonatum sibiricum seedlings or stops outputting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings to the four seedling transportation pipes through the control unit. The output shaft of the forward and reverse motor drives the auxiliary rotating rod to rotate. The auxiliary rotating rod adjusts the planting spacing of polygonatum sibiricum seedlings according to the regional state of the karst rocky mountain forest through the planting positioning plate;

[0023] S4: The first hydraulic telescopic rod drives the sliding cavity transfer pipe to move downward through the fixed clamping plate, and the hollow soil excavation arc block is inserted into the surface soil to a fixed depth. The telescopic rod mechanism of the second hydraulic telescopic rod extends outward to drive the slideway plate to rise a certain distance along the sliding cavity transfer pipe. The L-shaped clamping plate deflects upward under the limit of the bending rod, and then the four groups of hollow soil excavation arc blocks expand outward from the sealed state to form planting pits on the ground surface;

[0024] S5: The first gear drives the four groups of hollow soil excavation arc blocks to rotate synchronously through the annular fixed block. The hollow soil excavation arc blocks rotate a short distance to loosen the soil, and the fertilizer mixing tank spreads the mixed fertilizer to the periphery of the planting pit through the conveying pipe and the pipeline connection block, and then diffuses the pesticides concentratedly sprayed by itself outward;

[0025] S6: Lay the micro-spray belt in the planting area. It cooperates with the timer to achieve water-saving irrigation, irrigate the planting area within the specified time, drip irrigate once a week during the dry period, each time for [X] minutes, and close the water mist spraying device during the rainy season, and then use rainwater for irrigation.

[0026] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0027] 1. The control unit controls the release or closing of the polygonatum seedlings in the four seedling transport pipes by the seedling storage pipe, and adjusts the planting spacing of the polygonatum seedlings according to the regional state of the karst rocky mountain forest, so as to better adjust the planting spacing according to environmental factors. Compared with traditional small and medium-sized planting equipment that needs to frequently change positions to plant polygonatum, this equipment has higher efficiency and smaller volume;

[0028] 2. The L-shaped clamping plate deflects upward under the limit of the bending rod, and then the four groups of hollow soil excavation arc blocks expand outward from the sealed state to form planting pits on the ground surface. As the hollow soil excavation arc blocks open, the fixed clamping block inputs the polygonatum seedlings from the seedling storage pipe, the seedling transport pipe and the sliding cavity transfer pipe into the planting pits. At this time, the hollow soil excavation arc blocks are in contact with the planting pits and play a supporting role to prevent the planting pits from collapsing before the fertilizer is completely put in, affecting the fertilizer application;

[0029] 3. The first gear drives the four groups of hollow soil excavation arc blocks to rotate synchronously through the annular fixed block. Since there are gaps when the hollow soil excavation arc blocks open and cannot completely loosen the soil, and the hollow soil excavation arc blocks rotate a short distance, it is convenient to better loosen the soil and is beneficial to fertilization;

[0030] 4. The hollow soil excavation arc block is in an open state, expanding the spraying range of the transmission hole for the planting pit. As the fertilizer mixing tank spreads the mixed fertilizer to the periphery of the planting pit through the conveying pipe and the pipeline connection block, the pesticides originally concentratedly sprayed are diffused outward, which is beneficial to the absorption of fertilizer by polygonatum sibiricum. When the hollow soil excavation arc block is closed, the soil is located on the side of the hollow soil excavation arc block away from the transmission hole and is blocked by the outer wall of the hollow soil excavation arc block, so it will not come into contact with the transmission hole, thus avoiding the blockage of the transmission hole and improving the circulation efficiency of the fertilizer. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 Give the structural schematic diagram of the polygonatum sibiricum ecological planting equipment;

[0032] Figure 2 It is the structural schematic diagram of the seedling storage pipe of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 It is the structural schematic diagram of the planting positioning plate of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is the structural schematic diagram of the sliding cavity frame of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is Figure 4 The enlarged view of area A in

[0036] Figure 6 It is the structural schematic diagram of the slideway plate of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is Figure 6 The enlarged view of area B in

[0038] Figure 8 It is the structural schematic diagram of the first gear of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 9 It is the structural schematic diagram of the sliding cavity transmission pipe of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 10 It is Figure 9 The enlarged view of area C in

[0041] Reference numerals: 1, planting and transporting assembly; 101, planting and transporting frame; 102, rotating rod; 103, positioning clamping block; 2, planting spacing adjustment assembly; 201, transposition adjustment frame; 202, sliding cavity frame; 203, positioning slider; 204, planting positioning plate; 205, vertical slideway; 206, horizontal slideway; 207, limiting block; 208, auxiliary rotating rod; 209, forward and reverse motor; 3, seedling transmission assembly; 301, fixed clamping block; 302, seedling storage pipe; 303, seedling transport pipe; 304, sliding cavity transmission pipe; 305, first hydraulic telescopic rod; 306, fixed clamping plate; 307, second hydraulic telescopic rod; 308, slideway plate; 309, arc track; 310, vertical track; 4, soil excavation and fertilization assembly; 401, fertilizer mixing tank; 402, conveying pipe; 403, auxiliary push rod; 404, positioning ring; 405, bent rod; 406, first gear; 407, second gear; 408, L-shaped clamping plate; 409, hollow soil excavation arc block; 410, annular fixed block; 411, transmission hole; 412, pipe connection block; 413, conveying short pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0043] As Figure 1 shown, a kind of ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas proposed by the present invention includes a planting and transporting assembly 1, and a planting spacing adjustment assembly 2 for adjusting the planting range of polygonatum sibiricum is installed on one side of the planting and transporting assembly 1;

[0044] A seedling transmission assembly 3 for outputting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings is installed on one side of the planting spacing adjustment assembly 2, and a soil excavation and fertilization assembly 4 for transplanting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, excavating soil and fertilizing the planting area is installed at the bottom of the seedling transmission assembly 3. The planting and transporting assembly 1 includes a planting and transporting frame 101. A rotating rod 102 is rotatably installed inside the planting and transporting frame 101 through a first motor. A positioning clamping block 103 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the rotating rod 102. The first motor is fixedly installed on one side of the planting and transporting frame 101, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to the rotating rod 102. An inclination sensor is installed on one side of the positioning clamping block 103. The inclination sensor monitors the included angles between the planting spacing adjustment assembly 2, the seedling transmission assembly 3 and the ground in real time, and then the data is transmitted to the controller. The controller controls the operation of the first motor. If the included angles between the planting spacing adjustment assembly 2 and the seedling transmission assembly 3 and the ground are too large, the controller triggers an adjustment instruction, and the first motor drives the rotating rod 102 and the positioning clamping block 103 to rotate to adjust the angles of the planting spacing adjustment assembly 2 and the seedling transmission assembly 3, so as to facilitate the planting spacing adjustment assembly 2 and the seedling transmission assembly 3 to be perpendicular to the ground when transplanting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, excavating soil and fertilizing the planting area, which is beneficial to the cultivation and growth of polygonatum sibiricum.

[0045] As shown Figures 1 - 5 in the figure, the planting spacing adjustment assembly 2 includes two sets of transposition adjustment frames 201 fixedly installed on one side of the positioning block 103. A forward and reverse motor 209 is fixedly installed on the top of the transposition adjustment frame 201. An auxiliary rotating rod 208 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 209. A transverse slideway 206 is hinged to the side of the auxiliary rotating rod 208 away from the forward and reverse motor 209. A slide cavity frame 202 is fixedly installed on one side of the transposition adjustment frame 201. A positioning slider 203 is slidably installed inside the slide cavity frame 202. A vertical slideway 205 is fixedly installed on the top of the positioning slider 203. The transverse slideway 206 is slidably installed outside the vertical slideway 205. A planting positioning plate 204 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the transverse slideway 206. Two limit blocks 207 are fixedly installed at the top end of the transposition adjustment frame 201. Since the terrain in the karst rocky mountain area is fragmented and the soil layer is shallow, in order to avoid excessive loss of fertilizer due to the close spacing between planting points, the output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 209 drives the auxiliary rotating rod 208 to rotate counterclockwise. Here it is explained that the forward and reverse motor 209 drives the planting positioning plate 204 to move in the direction from top to bottom. It moves within the limit range of the two limit blocks 207 to prevent the seedling transmission assembly 3 on the planting positioning plate 204 from being interfered by the ground and unable to continue rotating when the planting positioning plate 204 deflects. At the same time, the auxiliary rotating rod 208 drives the transverse slideway 206 to move up and down along the Y-axis along the vertical slideway 205 first. The force of the auxiliary rotating rod 208 on the transverse slideway 206 can be decomposed into two acting forces. One force is the pulling force along the Y-axis in the direction of the vertical slideway 205, and the other force is the pushing force along the X-axis in the direction of the slide cavity frame 202, causing the positioning slider 203 to slide on the slide cavity frame 202 following the offset direction of the transverse slideway 206. Thus, the process of the transverse slideway 206 driving the seedling transmission assembly 3 to transpose through the planting positioning plate 204 is guided and limited by the vertical slideway 205 and the positioning slider 203, making the orientation adjustment of the seedling transmission assembly 3 more stable.

[0046] As shown Figures 4 - 6As shown in the figure, the seedling transmission component 3 includes four fixed blocks 301 fixedly installed on one side of the planting positioning plate 204. Inside the fixed block 301, a seedling transport pipe 303 is fixedly installed. On the top of the seedling transport pipe 303, a seedling storage pipe 302 is fixedly installed. A sliding cavity transmission pipe 304 is slidably installed on the outside of the seedling transport pipe 303. At the bottom of the planting positioning plate 204, a first hydraulic telescopic rod 305 is fixedly installed. At the bottom of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 305, a fixed clamping plate 306 is fixedly installed. The fixed clamping plate 306 is fixedly installed on the outside of the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. At the bottom of the fixed clamping plate 306, a second hydraulic telescopic rod 307 is fixedly installed. At the bottom of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 307, a slideway plate 308 is fixedly installed. The slideway plate 308 is slidably installed on the outside of the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. The soil excavation and fertilization component 4 includes a second gear 407 rotatably installed at the bottom of the slideway plate 308. An annular fixed block 410 is rotatably installed on the outside of the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. The annular fixed block 410 is detachable from the first gear 406. On the top of the annular fixed block 410, a first gear 406 is fixedly installed. The first gear 406 and the second gear 407 are arranged in a meshing state. An arc-shaped track 309 is provided on one side of the slideway plate 308. An arc-shaped hole adapted to the arc-shaped track 309 is provided on one side of the first gear 406. A vertical track 310 is provided on the outside of the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. An auxiliary push rod 403 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slideway plate 308. Further explanation: The inside of the seedling storage pipe 302 can be filled with polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, and a control unit is installed inside the seedling storage pipe 302. The staff can output polygonatum sibiricum seedlings or stop outputting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings to the four seedling transport pipes 303 through the control unit. The control unit controls the release or closing of the polygonatum sibiricum seedlings in the four seedling transport pipes 303 by the seedling storage pipe 302. When adjusting the planting spacing of polygonatum sibiricum seedlings according to the regional state of the karst rocky mountain forest, if the required planting spacing is small, the planting positioning plate 204 is in a fixed position, and the four seedling transport pipes 303 transport polygonatum sibiricum seedlings simultaneously. If the required planting spacing is general, for example, the first seedling transport pipe 303 can release polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, while the second and third seedling transport pipes 303 stop releasing polygonatum sibiricum seedlings. If the required planting spacing is large, the planting positioning plate 204 stays at the first position, and the first seedling transport pipe 303 releases polygonatum sibiricum seedlings. Then, through the auxiliary rotating rod 208 and the horizontal slideway 206, the planting positioning plate 204 is driven to stay in the opposite direction. At this time, the spacing between the original position of the planting positioning plate 204 and the current position of the planting positioning plate 204 is the largest. Then, the fourth seedling transport pipe 303 of the planting positioning plate 204 at the current position can release polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, so as to adapt to the state of a large planting spacing, and thus better adjust the planting spacing according to environmental factors. Compared with traditional small and medium-sized planting equipment that needs to frequently change positions to plant polygonatum sibiricum, this equipment has higher efficiency and a smaller volume. Here, it is noted that before planting according to regulations,First, remove components such as the unused annular fixing block 410, conveying short pipe 413, and hollow earth-digging arc block 409 from the sliding cavity transfer pipe 304 to avoid unnecessary plant pits when the sliding cavity transfer pipe 304 moves downward.

[0047] Adjust the spacing of the planting pits to avoid the "fertilizer runoff" formed by rainwashing in the concentrated fertilization in the traditional technology. The scattered fertilization makes the nutrients penetrate deeper into the soil more evenly, reducing the risk of runoff carrying fertilizers.

[0048] When the planting and transporting assembly 1 travels to a fixed area for polygonatum sibiricum planting, the telescopic rod mechanism of the first hydraulic telescopic rod 305 extends outward. The fixed clamping plate 306 follows the telescopic rod and drives the sliding cavity transfer pipe 304 to move downward along the outer surface plate of the seedling transport pipe 303 until the sliding cavity transfer pipe 304 moves to a fixed position where seedlings can be put in.

[0049] Such as Figures 6 - 10As shown, a conveying short pipe 413 is provided at the bottom of the auxiliary push rod 403. The conveying short pipe 413 can slide and rotate inside the auxiliary push rod 403. At the same time, a rubber expansion pipe with telescopic characteristics is rotatably installed at the connection between the conveying short pipe 413 and the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304 to block the gap between the conveying short pipe 413 and the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304, preventing the polygonatum seedlings or rhizomes from getting stuck in the gap during placement. A plurality of L-shaped clamping plates 408 are hinged to the outer side of the conveying short pipe 413 through a positioning ring 404. The positioning ring 404 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the side where the conveying short pipe 413 passes through the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. A bending rod 405 is hinged between the annular fixing block 410 and the L-shaped clamping plate 408. A hollow soil-digging arc block 409 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the L-shaped clamping plate 408. The soil-digging and fertilizing assembly 4 further includes a fertilizer mixing tank 401 fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. A conveying pipe 402 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer mixing tank 401. A pipe connection block 412 is fixedly installed on one side of the hollow soil-digging arc block 409. The conveying pipe 402 passes through the sliding track plate 308 and is fixedly installed with the pipe connection block 412 at one end of the arc-shaped hole. A transmission hole 411 communicating with the pipe connection block 412 is opened on the inner wall of the hollow soil-digging arc block 409. After the planting and transporting assembly 1 travels to the specified planting area, the first hydraulic telescopic rod 305 drives the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304 to move downward through the fixed clamping plate 306, and the hollow soil-digging arc block 409 is inserted into the surface soil to a fixed depth. Then, the telescopic mechanism of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 307 extends outward to drive the sliding track plate 308 to rise along the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304 for a certain distance. The sliding track plate 308 drives the auxiliary push rod 403 to move upward along the vertical track 310. Since the vertical track 310 is opened on the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304 and the auxiliary push rod 403 is located inside the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304 and does not come into contact with the annular fixing block 410 and the first gear 406, the first gear 406 and the annular fixing block 410 rotating along the auxiliary push rod 403 do not interfere with the operation of the auxiliary push rod 403. The auxiliary push rod 403 drives the L-shaped clamping plate 408 to deflect along the outer side of the conveying short pipe 413. The L-shaped clamping plate 408 deflects upward under the limit of the bending rod 405, so that the four groups of hollow soil-digging arc blocks 409 expand outward from the sealed state to form planting pits on the ground surface. As the hollow soil-digging arc blocks 409 are opened, the fixed clamping block 301 inputs the polygonatum seedlings into the planting pits from the seedling storage pipe 302, the seedling transportation pipe 303 and the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. At this time, the hollow soil-digging arc blocks 409 are in contact with the planting pits, playing a supporting role to prevent the planting pits from collapsing before the fertilizer is completely put in, affecting the fertilizer application;

[0050] Meanwhile, the third motor fixedly installed at the bottom of the slide plate 308 drives the second gear 407 to rotate. The second gear 407 drives the first gear 406 to rotate between 10 degrees and 20 degrees. The first gear 406 drives the four groups of hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 to rotate synchronously through the annular fixing block 410. Since there are gaps when the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 are opened and they cannot completely loosen the soil, and the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 rotate a short distance, which is convenient for better soil loosening and beneficial to fertilization. Here it should be noted that the arc-shaped track 309 and the arc-shaped hole are provided so that the conveying pipe 402 can follow the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 to rotate a short distance. The third motor is a forward and reverse motor, which can restore the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 to their original positions to avoid the problem of pipeline entanglement. And the conveying pipe 402 has flexibility and can also adjust its flexibility according to the changes of the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409;

[0051] When the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 are in an open state, the spraying range of the transmission holes 411 for the planting pits is expanded. As the fertilizer mixing tank 401 spreads the mixed fertilizer to the surroundings of the planting pits through the conveying pipe 402 and the pipeline connection block 412, the pesticides originally concentratedly sprayed are diffused outward, which is beneficial to the absorption of fertilizers by polygonatum sibiricum. And when the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 are closed, the soil is located on the side of the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409 away from the transmission holes 411 and is blocked by the outer wall of the hollow soil excavation arc blocks 409, so it will not come into contact with the transmission holes 411, thus avoiding the blockage of the transmission holes 411 and improving the circulation efficiency of fertilizers;

[0052] The existing fertilization method is to directly put fertilizers into the planting pits, and for the planting pits, decentralized fertilization is carried out. Decentralized fertilization can reduce the concentration of acidic substances in the single-point soil (such as acidic ions generated by the decomposition of ammonium sulfate), slow down the leaching rate of alkaline ions such as calcium and magnesium, and maintain the stability of the soil colloid structure; after decentralization, the germinated roots or seedlings of polygonatum sibiricum are more likely to contact nutrients, reducing "root burning" or nutrient waste caused by too high local concentration.

[0053] Specifically, the ecological planting method of polygonatum sibiricum under the forest in karst rocky mountain areas includes the following steps:

[0054] S1: Select a natural secondary forest with a slope ≤ 25° and a soil layer thickness ≥ 20 cm as the planting area. At the same time, retain the original vegetation for shading (light transmittance 30% - 50%), and adjust the forest stand to thin out overcrowded trees, retaining scattered arbors to form natural shade;

[0055] S2: The staff mixes the humic acid type water-soluble fertilizer and the water retaining agent inside the fertilizer mixing tank 401. After starting the planting transport component 1 to travel to the specified planting area, the inclination sensor monitors in real time the angles between the planting spacing adjustment component 2, the seedling transmission component 3 and the ground, and adjusts the angles of the planting spacing adjustment component 2 and the seedling transmission component 3 through the first motor, so that the planting spacing adjustment component 2 and the seedling transmission component 3 are perpendicular to the ground when transplanting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, digging soil and fertilizing in the planting area;

[0056] S3: According to the planting spacing requirements, the staff outputs polygonatum sibiricum seedlings or stops outputting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings to the four seedling transport pipes 303 through the control unit. The output shaft of the forward and reverse motor 209 drives the auxiliary rotating rod 208 to rotate. The auxiliary rotating rod 208 adjusts the planting spacing of polygonatum sibiricum seedlings according to the regional state of the karst rocky mountain forest through the planting positioning plate 204;

[0057] S4: The first hydraulic telescopic rod 305 drives the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304 to move downward through the fixed clamping plate 306. The hollow soil digging arc block 409 is inserted into the surface soil to a fixed depth. The telescopic rod mechanism of the second hydraulic telescopic rod 307 extends outward to drive the slideway plate 308 to rise a certain distance along the sliding cavity transmission pipe 304. The L-shaped clamping plate 408 deflects upward under the limitation of the bending rod 405. Then the four groups of hollow soil digging arc blocks 409 expand outward from the sealed state to form planting pits on the ground surface;

[0058] S5: The first gear 406 drives the four groups of hollow soil digging arc blocks 409 to rotate synchronously through the annular fixing block 410. The hollow soil digging arc blocks 409 rotate a short distance to loosen the soil, and the fertilizer mixing tank 401 spreads the mixed fertilizer to the periphery of the planting pits through the delivery pipe 402 and the pipeline connection block 412, and then diffuses the pesticides concentratedly sprayed by itself outward;

[0059] S6: Lay the microspray belt in the planting area. The microspray belt is a water mist spraying device, which cooperates with a timer to achieve water-saving irrigation. Irrigate the planting area within a specified time, drip irrigate 2 times a week for 15 minutes each time during the dry period, and turn off the water mist spraying device during the rainy season, and then use rainwater for irrigation, which helps to save water. Mix the humic acid type water-soluble fertilizer and the water retaining agent and apply them to the root zone.

[0060] The above specific embodiments are only several alternative embodiments of the present invention. Based on the technical solution of the present invention and the relevant revelations of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can make various alternative improvements and combinations to the above specific embodiments.

Claims

1. An ecological planting device for Polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas, comprising a planting and transportation component (1), characterized in that: On one side of the planting and transporting component (1), a planting spacing adjustment component (2) for adjusting the planting range of polygonatum sibiricum is installed. On one side of the planting spacing adjustment component (2), a seedling transmission component (3) for outputting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings is installed. At the bottom of the seedling transmission component (3), a soil-digging and fertilizing component (4) for transplanting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings, digging soil and fertilizing the planting area is installed.

2. The ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 1, characterized in that, The planting and transporting component (1) includes a planting and transporting frame (101). Inside the planting and transporting frame (101), a rotating rod (102) is rotatably installed through a first motor. On the outer side of the rotating rod (102), a positioning block (103) is fixedly installed.

3. The ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 2, characterized in that, The planting spacing adjustment component (2) includes two groups of transposition adjustment frames (201) fixedly installed on one side of the positioning block (103). At the top of the transposition adjustment frame (201), a forward and reverse rotation motor (209) is fixedly installed. The output shaft of the forward and reverse rotation motor (209) is fixedly installed with an auxiliary rotating rod (208). On the side of the auxiliary rotating rod (208) away from the forward and reverse rotation motor (209), a horizontal slideway (206) is hinged.

4. The ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 3, characterized in that, On one side of the transposition adjustment frame (201), a sliding cavity frame (202) is fixedly installed. Inside the sliding cavity frame (202), a positioning slider (203) is slidably installed. At the top of the positioning slider (203), a vertical slideway (205) is fixedly installed. The horizontal slideway (206) is slidably installed on the outer side of the vertical slideway (205). At the bottom of the horizontal slideway (206), a planting positioning plate (204) is fixedly installed. At the top of the transposition adjustment frame (201), two limiting blocks (207) are fixedly installed.

5. The ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 4, characterized in that, The seedling transmission component (3) includes four fixed blocks (301) fixedly installed on one side of the planting positioning plate (204). Inside the fixed block (301), a seedling transportation pipe (303) is fixedly installed. At the top of the seedling transportation pipe (303), a seedling storage pipe (302) is fixedly installed.

6. The ecological planting equipment for Polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 5, characterized in that, On the outer side of the seedling transportation pipe (303), a sliding cavity transmission pipe (304) is slidably installed. At the bottom of the planting positioning plate (204), a first hydraulic telescopic rod (305) is fixedly installed. At the bottom of the first hydraulic telescopic rod (305), a fixed clamping plate (306) is fixedly installed. The fixed clamping plate (306) is fixedly installed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe (304). At the bottom of the fixed clamping plate (306), a second hydraulic telescopic rod (307) is fixedly installed. At the bottom of the second hydraulic telescopic rod (307), a slideway plate (308) is fixedly installed. The slideway plate (308) is slidably installed on the outer side of the sliding cavity transmission pipe (304).

7. The ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 6, characterized in that, The soil-digging and fertilizing component (4) includes a second gear (407) rotatably installed at the bottom of the slideway plate (308). An annular fixing block (410) is rotatably installed outside the sliding cavity transfer pipe (304). A first gear (406) is fixedly installed at the top of the annular fixing block (410). The first gear (406) and the second gear (407) are arranged in a meshing state. An arc-shaped track (309) is formed on one side of the slideway plate (308). An arc-shaped hole adapted to the arc-shaped track (309) is formed on one side of the first gear (406). A vertical track (310) is formed outside the sliding cavity transfer pipe (304). An auxiliary push rod (403) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the slideway plate (308).

8. The ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 7, characterized in that A delivery short pipe (413) is arranged at the bottom of the auxiliary push rod (403). A plurality of L-shaped clamping plates (408) are hinged to the outside of the delivery short pipe (413) through a positioning ring (404). A bent rod (405) is hinged between the annular fixing block (410) and the L-shaped clamping plate (408). A hollow soil-digging arc block (409) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the L-shaped clamping plate (408).

9. The ecological planting equipment for polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountain areas according to claim 8, characterized in that, The soil-digging and fertilizing component (4) further includes a fertilizer mixing tank (401) fixedly installed outside the sliding cavity transfer pipe (304). A delivery pipe (402) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the fertilizer mixing tank (401). A pipe connection block (412) is fixedly installed on one side of the hollow soil-digging arc block (409). The delivery pipe (402) passes through the slideway plate (308) and is fixedly installed with the pipe connection block (412) at one end of the arc-shaped hole. A transfer hole (411) communicating with the pipe connection block (412) is formed in the inner wall of the hollow soil-digging arc block (409).

10. The ecological planting method of Polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountainous areas, which is applied to an ecological planting device of Polygonatum sibiricum under forest in karst rocky mountainous areas as described in claim 9, is characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1: Select a natural secondary forest with a slope ≤ 25° and a soil layer thickness ≥ 20 cm as the planting area. At the same time, retain the original vegetation for shading, adjust the forest stand by thinning overcrowded trees, and retain scattered arbors to form natural shade; S2: The staff mixes the humic acid type water-soluble fertilizer and the water-retaining agent inside the fertilizer mixing tank (401). After starting the planting transportation component (1) to drive to the specified planting area, the inclination sensor monitors the angle between the planting spacing adjustment component (2), the seedling transmission component (3) and the ground in real time, and adjusts the angles of the planting spacing adjustment component (2) and the seedling transmission component (3) through the first motor; S3: According to the planting spacing requirements, the staff outputs or stops outputting polygonatum sibiricum seedlings through the control unit to the four seedling transportation pipes (303). The output shaft of the forward and reverse motor (209) drives the auxiliary rotating rod (208) to rotate. The auxiliary rotating rod (208) adjusts the planting spacing of polygonatum sibiricum seedlings according to the regional state of the karst rocky mountain forest through the planting positioning plate (204); S4: The first hydraulic telescopic rod (305) drives the sliding cavity transfer pipe (304) to move downward through the fixed clamping plate (306), and the hollow soil excavation arc block (409) is inserted into the surface soil to a fixed depth. The telescopic rod mechanism of the second hydraulic telescopic rod (307) extends outward to drive the slideway plate (308) to rise along the sliding cavity transfer pipe (304) for a certain distance. The L-shaped clamping plate (408) deflects upward under the limit of the bending rod (405), so that the four groups of hollow soil excavation arc blocks (409) expand outward from the sealed state to form planting pits on the ground surface; S5: The first gear (406) drives the four groups of hollow soil excavation arc blocks (409) to rotate synchronously through the annular fixing block (410). The hollow soil excavation arc blocks (409) rotate a small distance to loosen the soil, and the fertilizer mixing tank (401) spreads the mixed fertilizer through the conveying pipe (402) and the pipe connection block (412) to the periphery of the planting pit, and then diffuses the pesticides concentratedly sprayed by itself outward; S6: Lay the microspray belt in the planting area, and it cooperates with the timer to achieve water-saving irrigation. Irrigate the planting area within a specified time, drip irrigate 2 times a week, 15 minutes each time during the dry period, and turn off the water mist spraying device during the rainy season, and then use rainwater for irrigation.

Images