Liquid lucid ganoderma feed and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a liquid lucid ganoderma feed and a preparation method thereof. The liquid ganoderma lucidum feed comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of a ganoderma lucidum extracting solution, 70-90 parts of residual fruits, 1-4 parts of zymophyte, 5-10 parts of mineral salt, 0.5-2 parts of monopotassium phosphate and 100-150 parts of water. The residual fruits comprise fallen fruits, rotten fruits and the like on the fruit trees. According to the feed, nutritional ingredients in the residual fruits can be effectively locked in the feed through the proportion of the components, and meanwhile, the feed has a relatively long shelf life. The preparation method of the liquid ganoderma lucidum feed comprises the following steps: extracting ganoderma lucidum spore powder in water at 80-100 DEG C for 1-3 hours to obtain a ganoderma lucidum extracting solution; and mixing the lucid ganoderma extracting solution with other components, fermenting for 2-5 days at the pH value of 5-7 and the temperature of 25-35 DEG C, and filtering to obtain the liquid lucid ganoderma feed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of feeds, and particularly relates to a liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In agricultural production, the number of residual fruits such as fallen fruits and rotten fruits on fruit trees is huge. These residual fruits are usually treated as waste, which not only causes waste of resources but also may pollute the environment. At the same time, traditional feeds have certain limitations in terms of retention of nutritional components and shelf life. With the development of the aquaculture industry, higher requirements are put forward for the nutrition, environmental protection and long-term effectiveness of feeds. How to effectively utilize residual fruit resources and prepare feeds with rich nutrition and long shelf life has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Based on the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed and a preparation method thereof. Through reasonable formula design and preparation process, residual fruit resources are effectively utilized, the nutritional components in the residual fruits are locked in the feed, and at the same time, the feed is given a long shelf life to meet the needs of the aquaculture industry for high-quality feeds.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 70-90 parts of residual fruits, 1-4 parts of fermentation bacteria, 5-10 parts of mineral salts, 0.5-2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 100-150 parts of water. The residual fruits include fallen fruits and rotten fruits on fruit trees.

[0005] Optionally, the Ganoderma lucidum extract is prepared by the following method: Extracting Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in water at 80-100°C for 1-3 hours.

[0006] Optionally, the fermentation bacteria are at least one of lactic acid bacteria and yeast.

[0007] Optionally, the mineral salts include at least one of calcium carbonate, ferrous sulfate, and zinc sulfate.

[0008] Optionally, the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed comprises the following components in parts by mass: 6-8 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75-80 parts of residual fruits, 2-3.5 parts of fermentation bacteria, 6-9 parts of mineral salts, 1-1.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 120-140 parts of water.

[0009] A preparation method of the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed comprises the following steps: extracting Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in water at 80 - 100°C for 1 - 3 h to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract; then mixing the Ganoderma lucidum extract, the residual fruits, the fermentation bacteria, the mineral salts, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the water, and fermenting at a pH value of 5 - 7 and a temperature of 25 - 35°C for 2 - 5 days, and filtering to obtain the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0010] Optionally, the particle size of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is 30 - 50 μm.

[0011] Optionally, the fermentation temperature is 28 - 32°C.

[0012] Optionally, the fermentation time is 3 - 4 days.

[0013] Optionally, the filtering is carried out using a filter screen with 200 - 300 meshes.

[0014] Beneficial effects The present invention uses residual fruits such as fallen fruits and rotten fruits on fruit trees as raw materials, turning waste into treasure, reducing resource waste and environmental pollution, and having good environmental and economic benefits. Through the synergistic ratio of each component, the nutritional components in the residual fruits can be effectively locked in the feed, making the feed rich in various vitamins, minerals, and organic components, and providing comprehensive nutrition for farmed animals.

[0015] Furthermore, the unique formula and fermentation process enable the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed to have a long shelf life, facilitating storage and transportation, and reducing the feed storage cost. The active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum extract and the beneficial substances generated during the fermentation process can enhance the immunity of farmed animals, promote their growth and development, and improve the farming efficiency. Specific embodiments

[0016] An embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed, comprising the following components in parts by mass: 5 - 10 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 70 - 90 parts of residual fruits, 1 - 4 parts of fermentation bacteria, 5 - 10 parts of mineral salts, 0.5 - 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 100 - 150 parts of water. The residual fruits include fallen fruits and rotten fruits on fruit trees.

[0017] The present invention uses residual fruits such as fallen fruits and rotten fruits on fruit trees as raw materials, turning waste into treasure, reducing resource waste and environmental pollution, and having good environmental and economic benefits. Through the synergistic ratio of each component, the nutritional components in the residual fruits can be effectively locked in the feed, making the feed rich in various vitamins, minerals, and organic components, and providing comprehensive nutrition for farmed animals.

[0018] Specifically, the Ganoderma lucidum extract is rich in bioactive substances such as polysaccharides and triterpenoids, and has the functions of enhancing immunity and regulating body metabolism. The residual fruits, as the main raw material, contain rich nutritional components such as vitamins, organic acids and dietary fiber. Mineral salts can supplement essential minerals such as calcium, iron and zinc. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate provides phosphorus and potassium elements and participates in various physiological processes in animals. The various components cooperate with each other, enabling the feed to have a rich and comprehensive nutritional system, which can meet the needs of farmed animals for different nutrients during the growth and development process.

[0019] In addition, in the liquid environment provided by water, the fermenting bacteria ferment components such as residual fruits and Ganoderma lucidum extract. On the one hand, the fermenting bacteria decompose the macromolecular substances in the residual fruits and Ganoderma lucidum, converting them into small molecular substances that are more easily digested and absorbed by animals, thereby improving the nutritional utilization rate. On the other hand, during the fermentation process, the fermenting bacteria produce metabolic products such as lactic acid, which reduce the pH value of the feed, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, and at the same time produce beneficial substances such as vitamins and amino acids, further enhancing the nutritional value of the feed. In addition, fermentation can also improve the palatability of the feed and increase the feed intake of animals.

[0020] Furthermore, the various components interact with each other during the fermentation process, forming a relatively stable system, which helps to stably retain the nutritional components in the residual fruits in the feed. The acidic environment produced by fermentation and the synergistic effect between the components inhibit the growth and reproduction of harmful microorganisms such as spoilage bacteria, thereby extending the shelf life of the feed and reducing the loss and deterioration of nutritional components during storage.

[0021] Furthermore, the health care function of the Ganoderma lucidum extract, the beneficial metabolic products produced by fermentation, the comprehensive nutritional components and the stable feed quality act together on farmed animals, which can enhance the animal immunity, reduce the occurrence of diseases, promote the growth and development of animals, and improve the breeding efficiency and the quality of animal products.

[0022] In some embodiments, the Ganoderma lucidum extract is prepared by the following method: The Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is extracted in water at 80 - 100°C for 1 - 3 h. By extracting the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder at a specific temperature and time, the effective components in the Ganoderma lucidum such as polysaccharides and triterpenoids can be fully extracted, ensuring the quality and activity of the Ganoderma lucidum extract, thereby providing better nutrition and health care functions for the feed. Optionally, the temperature of the water can be 80°C, 85°C, 90°C, 95°C, 100°C, etc. The extraction time can be 1 h, 1.5 h, 2 h, 2.5 h, 3 h, etc.

[0023] In some embodiments, the fermenting bacteria are at least one of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts. Lactic acid bacteria can produce lactic acid during fermentation, lower the pH value of the feed, inhibit the growth of harmful microorganisms, and at the same time produce various beneficial metabolites such as vitamins and amino acids, improving the nutritional value of the feed. Yeasts can decompose macromolecular substances in the feed during fermentation, making them more easily digested and absorbed by farm animals, and can also produce nutrients such as yeast protein, enhancing the palatability and nutritional value of the feed.

[0024] In some embodiments, the mineral salts include at least one of calcium carbonate, ferrous sulfate, and zinc sulfate. Calcium carbonate can provide calcium elements for farm animals and promote bone development. Ferrous sulfate supplements iron elements to prevent anemia. Zinc sulfate supplements zinc elements and plays an important role in the growth and development, immune function, etc. of animals. The reasonable combination of these mineral salts can meet the needs of farm animals for various minerals and ensure their normal growth and development.

[0025] In some embodiments, the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed includes the following components in parts by mass: 6 - 8 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75 - 80 parts of residual fruits, 2 - 3.5 parts of fermenting bacteria, 6 - 9 parts of mineral salts, 1 - 1.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 120 - 140 parts of water. Optionally, the parts by mass of the Ganoderma lucidum extract can be 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, etc. The parts by mass of the residual fruits can be 75 parts, 76 parts, 77 parts, 78 parts, 79 parts, 80 parts, etc. The parts by mass of the fermenting bacteria can be 2 parts, 2.5 parts, 3 parts, 3.5 parts, etc. The parts by mass of the mineral salts can be 6 parts, 7 parts, 8 parts, 9 parts, etc. The parts by mass of the potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be 1 part, 1.1 parts, 1.2 parts, 1.3 parts, 1.4 parts, 1.5 parts, etc. The parts by mass of the water can be 120 parts, 125 parts, 130 parts, 135 parts, 140 parts, etc.

[0026] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed, including the following steps: Extract Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in water at 80 - 100 °C for 1 - 3 h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract; then mix the Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermenting bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water, and ferment at a pH value of 5 - 7 and a temperature of 25 - 35 °C for 2 - 5 days, and filter to obtain the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed. The unique formula and fermentation process enable the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed to have a long shelf life, be convenient for storage and transportation, and reduce the feed storage cost. The active ingredients in the Ganoderma lucidum extract and the beneficial substances produced during the fermentation process can enhance the immunity of farm animals, promote their growth and development, and improve the breeding efficiency.

[0027] In some embodiments, the particle size of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is 30 - 50 μm. At this time, the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder and water can come into contact more fully, effectively improving the extraction efficiency. Optionally, the particle size of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder can be 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm, 45 μm, 50 μm, etc.

[0028] In some embodiments, the fermentation temperature is 28 - 32 °C. This temperature range is suitable for the growth and metabolism of fermenting bacteria, enabling the fermenting bacteria to maintain a high level of activity, improving the fermentation efficiency, ensuring the smooth progress of the fermentation process, and thus preparing a liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed with stable quality. Optionally, the fermentation temperature can be 28 °C, 29 °C, 30 °C, 31 °C, 32 °C, etc.

[0029] In some embodiments, the fermentation time is 3 - 4 days. During this time period, the fermenting bacteria can fully play their role, fully ferment the components in the feed, making the nutrients more easily absorbable, while avoiding the loss of nutrients or the generation of off-flavors due to too long fermentation time, ensuring the quality and taste of the feed.

[0030] In some embodiments, a 200 - 300 mesh filter screen is used for filtration. At this time, impurities and incompletely fermented solid particles generated during the fermentation process can be effectively removed, making the obtained liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed uniform and delicate in texture, improving the quality and palatability of the feed, while avoiding adverse effects of impurities on the digestive system of farmed animals.

[0031] Example 1 Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm was extracted in water at 80 °C for 3 h to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0032] By mass, 5 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 70 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 1 part of fermenting bacteria (lactic acid bacteria), 5 parts of mineral salt (calcium carbonate), 0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 100 parts of water were prepared.

[0033] The Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermenting bacteria, mineral salt, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and water were mixed and fermented at a pH value of 5 and a temperature of 25 °C for 2 days, and then filtered through a 200 - mesh filter screen to obtain a liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0034] Example 2 Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm was extracted in water at 80 °C for 3 h to obtain a Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0035] By mass, 10 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 90 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 4 parts of fermenting bacteria (yeast), 10 parts of mineral salt (ferrous sulfate), 2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 150 parts of water were prepared.

[0036] Mix Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermentation bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and ferment at a pH value of 7 and a temperature of 35 °C for 5 days, then filter through a 300-mesh sieve to obtain liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0037] Example 3 Extract Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm in water at 80 °C for 3 h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0038] Prepare, by mass, 7 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 2.5 parts of fermentation bacteria (lactic acid bacteria), 7.5 parts of mineral salts (calcium carbonate), 1.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 120 parts of water.

[0039] Mix Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermentation bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and ferment at a pH value of 6 and a temperature of 30 °C for 4 days, then filter through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0040] Comparative Example 1 Prepare materials: 5 parts of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm, 70 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 1 part of fermentation bacteria (lactic acid bacteria), 5 parts of mineral salts (calcium carbonate), 0.5 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 100 parts of water.

[0041] Mix Ganoderma lucidum spore powder, residual fruits, fermentation bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and ferment at a pH value of 5 and a temperature of 25 °C for 2 days, then filter through a 200-mesh sieve to obtain liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0042] Comparative Example 2 Extract Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm in water at 80 °C for 3 h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0043] Prepare, by mass, 3.5 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 2.5 parts of fermentation bacteria (lactic acid bacteria), 7.5 parts of mineral salts (calcium carbonate), 1.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 120 parts of water.

[0044] Mix Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermentation bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and ferment at a pH value of 6 and a temperature of 30 °C for 4 days, then filter through a 250-mesh sieve to obtain liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0045] Comparative Example 3 Extract Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm in water at 80 °C for 3 h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0046] Prepare, by mass, 12 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 2.5 parts of fermentation bacteria (lactic acid bacteria), 7.5 parts of mineral salts (calcium carbonate), 1.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 120 parts of water.

[0047] Mix Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermenting bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and ferment at a pH value of 6 and a temperature of 30 °C for 4 days, then filter through a 250-mesh filter to obtain liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0048] Comparative Example 4 Extract Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm in water at 80 °C for 3 h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0049] Prepare, by mass, 7 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 2.5 parts of fermenting bacteria (lactic acid bacteria), 7.5 parts of mineral salts (calcium carbonate), 0.4 part of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 120 parts of water.

[0050] Mix Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermenting bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and ferment at a pH value of 6 and a temperature of 30 °C for 4 days, then filter through a 250-mesh filter to obtain liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0051] Comparative Example 5 Extract Ganoderma lucidum spore powder with a particle size of 40 μm in water at 80 °C for 3 h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract.

[0052] Prepare, by mass, 7 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75 parts of residual fruits (apple drop fruits and rotten fruits), 2.5 parts of fermenting bacteria (lactic acid bacteria), 7.5 parts of mineral salts (calcium carbonate), 2.2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 120 parts of water.

[0053] Mix Ganoderma lucidum extract, residual fruits, fermenting bacteria, mineral salts, potassium dihydrogen phosphate and water, and ferment at a pH value of 6 and a temperature of 30 °C for 4 days, then filter through a 250-mesh filter to obtain liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

[0054] Test Example (1) Test the Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide content (mg / g), vitamin C content (mg / 100 g), crude protein content (%) and shelf life (days) of the feeds in the examples and comparative examples, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0055] (2) Test the breeding effects of the feeds in the examples and comparative examples. The test objects for each feed are 100 live pigs with similar weights, and the feeding methods are the same, and the feeding time is 90 days. The weights (kg) of the live pigs after feeding are shown in Table 1. It can be understood that the result corresponding to each feed is the average value of the weights of 100 live pigs.

[0056] (3) Test the breeding effects of the feeds in the examples and comparative examples. The test subjects for each feed are 100 broilers with similar weights. The feeding methods are the same, and the feeding time is 40 days. The weights (kg) of the broilers after feeding are shown in Table 1. It can be understood that the result corresponding to each feed is the average weight of 100 broilers.

[0057] (4) Test the breeding effects of the feeds in the examples and comparative examples. The test subjects for each feed are 100 laying hens with similar weights. The feeding methods are the same, and the feeding time is 60 days. The number of eggs laid (pieces), the average egg weight (g), and the average eggshell strength (N / mm²) are shown in the following table.

[0058]

[0059] As can be seen from Table 1, the feed in the example has better performance than the comparative example, indicating that the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed of the present invention has a good effect of promoting growth and improving breeding efficiency.

[0060] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] For those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by mass: 5-10 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 70-90 parts of residual fruits, 1-4 parts of fermenting bacteria, 5-10 parts of mineral salts, 0.5-2 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 100-150 parts of water. The residual fruits include the fallen fruits and rotten fruits on fruit trees.

2. The liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed according to claim 1, wherein The Ganoderma lucidum extract is prepared by the following method: extracting Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in water at 80-100 °C for 1-3 h.

3. The liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fermenting bacteria are at least one of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts.

4. The liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mineral salts include at least one of calcium carbonate, ferrous sulfate, and zinc sulfate.

5. The liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, It comprises the following components in parts by mass: 6-8 parts of Ganoderma lucidum extract, 75-80 parts of residual fruits, 2-3.5 parts of fermenting bacteria, 6-9 parts of mineral salts, 1-1.5 parts of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and 120-140 parts of water.

6. A preparation method of the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It comprises the following steps: extracting Ganoderma lucidum spore powder in water at 80-100 °C for 1-3 h to obtain Ganoderma lucidum extract; then mixing the Ganoderma lucidum extract, the residual fruits, the fermenting bacteria, the mineral salts, the potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and the water, and fermenting at a pH value of 5-7 and a temperature of 25-35 °C for 2-5 days, and filtering to obtain the liquid Ganoderma lucidum feed.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The particle size of the Ganoderma lucidum spore powder is 30-50 μm.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature of the fermentation is 28-32 °C.

9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The time of the fermentation is 3-4 days.

10. The preparation method according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, The filtering is carried out with a filter screen of 200-300 meshes.

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