Trichosanthes kirilowii maxim shelling device for trichosanthes kirilowii maxim seed production and use method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of trichosanthes kirilowii maxim shelling, in particular to a trichosanthes kirilowii maxim shelling device for trichosanthes kirilowii maxim seed production and a use method. Comprising a machine base and a rack arranged behind the upper surface of the machine base. A hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper position of the rack; the upper surface of the machine base is fixedly connected with a containing cylinder with an upward opening. A step groove is formed in the inner side of an upper end opening of the containing cylinder. A tray with air holes is placed in the step groove; the upper end of the tray extends out of the step groove; an inverted cylinder with a downward opening is arranged right above the placing cylinder; the inner diameter of the inverted cylinder is matched with the outer diameter of the tray; according to the invention, the inverted cylinder is inversely buckled on the tray filled with trichosanthes kirilowii maxim seeds, and the pressure plate moves up and down in the inverted cylinder, so that the shelling device can shell the trichosanthes kirilowii maxim seeds on the tray for corresponding times according to the requirement, the trichosanthes kirilowii maxim seeds are more thoroughly shelled, the shelling effect is improved, and the shelling efficiency is improved; in addition, the husking device further has the advantage of being convenient to collect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Trichosanthes kirilowii shelling, and specifically relates to a Trichosanthes kirilowii shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seed production and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds are the seeds of Trichosanthes kirilowii, a plant of the genus Trichosanthes in the Cucurbitaceae family. Trichosanthes kirilowii is also known as Gualou, so Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds are also called Gualou seeds. The economic value of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds mainly lies in the seed kernels, which are substances that can be used both as medicine and food and have various medicinal effects and health care functions. Therefore, how to separate the seed kernels and seed shells of Trichosanthes kirilowii, that is, to shell Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, is very important.

[0003] For enterprises producing Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, generally a Trichosanthes kirilowii seed shelling device is used to complete the shelling of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds. Specifically, the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds are poured into the shelling device, and the mechanical equipment extrusion method is used to make the shelled Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds be divided into seed shells and seed kernels after shelling. The processing efficiency and effect of the mechanical equipment extrusion method are relatively low. Therefore, with the change of technology, the air explosion shelling method has gradually emerged to realize the shelling of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds. After searching, it is found that the patent number is CN203748603U, and the patent name is an air explosion shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, which records the relevant air explosion shelling method. The specific scheme is to pre-place the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds in a smaller container for pressurization treatment, and a larger container for negative pressure treatment is sleeved outside the container. With the sudden opening of the container containing Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds are shelled under the action of internal and external pressures and impacts. However, at the moment when the container containing Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds is opened, the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds will bounce out and scatter under the action of air pressure. For some remaining Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds that have not been shelled, they need to be collected again for secondary shelling, which undoubtedly affects the shelling efficiency of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds. This problem is also the difficulty faced by the current market air explosion shelling method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a Trichosanthes kirilowii shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seed production and a using method thereof. The present invention makes the inverted cylinder buckle on the tray containing Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, and cooperates with the pressing plate to move up and down in the inverted cylinder, so that the shelling device can perform corresponding times of shelling according to the requirements of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds on the tray, thereby making the shelling of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds more thorough, improving the shelling effect and at the same time enhancing the shelling efficiency. In addition, the shelling device also has the characteristics of being convenient for collection.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed production according to the present invention includes a machine base and a frame disposed at the rear of the upper surface of the machine base; a hydraulic cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper position of the frame; a placing cylinder with an upward opening is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the machine base; a stepped groove is provided inside the upper port of the placing cylinder; a tray with air holes is placed in the stepped groove; the upper end of the tray extends out of the stepped groove; an inverted cylinder with a downward opening is provided directly above the placing cylinder; the inner diameter of the inverted cylinder is adapted to the outer diameter of the tray; the outer diameter of the inverted cylinder is adapted to the outer diameter of the placing cylinder; a pressure plate is movably and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the inverted cylinder; a plurality of pressure relief ports are provided through the center of the pressure plate around; a pressure relief door in the shape of an inverted frustum is covered in the pressure relief port; the center of the upper surface of the pressure plate is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder; the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder penetrates through the upper end of the inverted cylinder and is movably and sealingly connected to the inverted cylinder; the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the pressure relief door through a torsion spring; the pressure relief door is unlocked and opened after the pressure plate approaches the tray.

[0006] Preferably, the inner diameter of the pressure relief port is set to decrease from top to bottom; a driven groove is provided along the radial direction of the pressure plate on the inner wall of the pressure relief port; the driven groove is arranged away from the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder; a driven block is slidably connected in the driven groove; a clamping groove is provided at a position corresponding to the driven groove on the outer wall of the pressure relief door; one end of the driven block away from the bottom of the driven groove can be clamped into the clamping groove; a first spring is connected between one end of the driven block close to the bottom of the driven groove and the bottom of the driven groove; a driving groove is provided through the lower groove wall in the middle section of the driven groove; a driving block is slidably connected in the driving groove; a guiding surface is inclined towards the first spring at the upper end of the driving block; a triangular groove is provided at a position corresponding to the driving groove on the outer wall of the driven block; the guiding surface is in transmission with the inclined surface of the inner wall of the triangular groove; the driving block can drive the driven block to compress the first spring after being pressed at the lower end.

[0007] Preferably, an included angle of 0-90 degrees is formed between the lower surface of the opened pressure relief door and the upper surface of the pressure plate under the action of the torsion spring; a convex ring is fixedly connected concentrically to the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder; the pressure relief door is clamped into the pressure relief port under the extrusion of the convex ring.

[0008] Preferably, the cross-sections of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure plate, and the inner cross-section of the inverted cylinder are all circular; an inclined groove is provided at a position near the upper part of the inner wall of the inverted cylinder; a vertical groove is provided at a position near the lower part of the inner wall of the inverted cylinder; the lower end of the inclined groove communicates with the upper end of the vertical groove and their widths and depths are adapted; the inclined groove and the vertical groove are connected in a transitional manner; a driving block is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressure plate; the driving block is movably and sealingly connected to both the inclined groove and the vertical groove; locking blocks are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the lower end face of the inverted cylinder; the cross-section of the locking block is in the shape of a "convex"; arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically provided on the upper end face of the placing cylinder; the cross-sections of the arc-shaped grooves and the locking blocks are both in the shape of a "convex"; insertion slots are symmetrically and upwardly penetrated through the ends of the two arc-shaped grooves; in the initial state, the insertion slots are aligned with the locking blocks in the vertical direction; the locking blocks can be inserted into the insertion slots.

[0009] Preferably, an insertion block is provided in the insertion slot; an arc-shaped block is slidably connected up and down in the arc-shaped groove; the cross-section of the arc-shaped block is the same as that of the locking block; the vertical height of the arc-shaped block is less than the vertical height of the arc-shaped groove; a second spring is connected between the lower surface of the arc-shaped block and the bottom of the arc-shaped groove; the arc-shaped block is fixedly connected to the insertion block.

[0010] Preferably, an elastic ring is embedded in the outer wall of the tray; the upper end face of the elastic ring is flush with the upper end face of the tray; the outer wall of the elastic ring is adapted to the outer wall of the tray; an anti-sliding block is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inverted cylinder near the lower port; the thickness of the anti-sliding block is arranged to decrease from top to bottom; the anti-sliding block can be inserted into the outer side wall of the elastic ring.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating ring is rotatably connected to the bottom of the step groove; the tray is placed on the upper surface of the rotating ring.

[0012] Preferably, an annular groove is provided at a position near the edge of the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder; an annular strip is rotatably and sealingly connected in the annular groove; a tension spring is connected between the lower surface of the annular strip and the upper surface of the pressure plate; the tension spring is attached to the inner wall of the inverted cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the number of pressure relief ports on the pressure plate is multiple; the height of the upper surface of the pressure plate in the vertical direction increases as it is away from the pressure relief ports; the material on the upper surface of the pressure plate can slide into the pressure relief ports.

[0014] A method for using a Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed production, which is applicable to the above-mentioned Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed production, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1: Place the tray filled with Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seeds on the upper surface of the rotating ring at the inner bottom wall of the step groove; S2: The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure plate to move downward, and the pressure plate will drive the inverted cylinder to move downward. Under the pulling of the tension spring, the lower port of the inverted cylinder moves into the outside of the tray, and at the same time, the inverted cylinder drives the locking block to be inserted into the insertion slot; S3: The downward-moving pressure plate drives the driving block to move along the inclined groove, the inverted cylinder drives the locking block from the slot to the arc groove, the inverted cylinder drives the tray to rotate through the anti-sliding block, and the downward-moving pressure plate drives the driving block to slide from the inclined groove into the vertical groove; S4: The downward moving pressure plate drives the active block to contact the tray. The active block is pressed to drive the guide surface to squeeze the triangular groove on the driven block. After the driven block moves out of the slot away from the end of the first spring, the pressure relief door is opened; the Trichosanthes seeds on the upper surface of the tray enter the upper part of the pressure plate along the pressure relief port, completing a single explosion shelling; S5: The pressure plate will move upward inside the inverted cylinder, and the material in the inverted cylinder will fall back to the upper surface of the tray. During the upward movement of the pressure plate, the pressure relief door will be driven to contact the convex ring, and the pressure relief door will be re-covered and stuck into the pressure relief port; S6: The pressure plate will move down again and then up. After several cycles, the pressure plate moves up and drives the inverted cylinder to move up and separate from the placement cylinder. The tray is exposed from the inside of the inverted cylinder and the material can be unloaded.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The present invention places an inverted cylinder upside down on a tray containing trichosanthes seeds, and cooperates with a pressure plate to move back and forth up and down in the inverted cylinder, so that the shelling device can shell the trichosanthes seeds on the tray for a corresponding number of times as required, thereby making the shelling of the trichosanthes seeds more thorough, improving the shelling effect and the shelling efficiency, and the shelling device also has the characteristic of being easy to collect.

[0016] 2. In the present invention, the Trichosanthes seeds impact the bottom wall and the inner wall of the inverted cylinder under the action of airflow, but because the inverted cylinder is locked with the placing cylinder, and the placing cylinder is fixedly connected to the machine base, the inverted cylinder will not be separated from the placing cylinder under gas explosion, thereby avoiding the tray from being directly exposed during the gas explosion shelling process, thereby improving the safety and stability of the shelling device.

[0017] 3. The rotation of the inverted cylinder of the present invention will drive the anti-sliding block to rotate, and the elastic ring and the anti-sliding block have a large friction force, so that the inverted cylinder will drive the tray to rotate on the upper surface of the rotating ring on the bottom wall of the step groove during the rotation process. The rotation of the tray will spread out the originally accumulated Trichosanthes seeds, especially in more than two peelings, the materials falling from the first cavity will accumulate on the upper surface of the tray. By spreading the materials on the tray, during the degassing process, the gas in the cylinder can take away more Trichosanthes seeds and collide with them when passing through the air holes on the bottom wall of the tray, thereby further improving the shelling effect of the Trichosanthes seeds. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and implementation modes.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional diagram of the shelling device in the present invention; Figure 2 yesFigure 1 Enlarged view of part A Figure 3 is Figure 1 a sectional view; Figure 4 is Figure 3 Enlarged view of part B Figure 5 is Figure 3 Enlarged view of part C Figure 6 is a perspective view of the inverted cylinder in the present invention; Figure 7 is a perspective view of the pressure plate in the present invention; Figure 8 is a schematic view of the pressure relief door on the pressure plate in the present invention being opened; Figure 9 is a perspective view of the insertion block and the arc-shaped block in the present invention; Figure 10 is a perspective view of the tray in the present invention; Figure 11 is a flow chart of the usage method in the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: machine base 1, frame 11, hydraulic cylinder 12, placing cylinder 2, step groove 21, arc groove 22, slot 23, insertion block 24, arc-shaped block 25, second spring 26, rotating ring 27, tray 3, air hole 31, elastic ring 32, inverted cylinder 4, convex ring 41, inclined groove 42, vertical groove 43, locking block 44, anti-sliding block 45, annular groove 46, annular strip 47, tension spring 48, pressure plate 5, pressure relief port 51, pressure relief door 52, torsion spring 53, driven groove 54, clamping groove 55, driving groove 56, driving block 57, guiding surface 58, driving block 59, driven block 6, first spring 61, triangular groove 62. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and functions of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0022] As Figures 1 to 11 shown, the present invention includes the following embodiments: Embodiment 1: A Trichosanthes kirilowii seed shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seed production, comprising a machine base 1 and a frame 11 arranged at the rear of the upper surface of the machine base 1; a hydraulic cylinder 12 is fixedly connected to the upper position of the frame 11; a placing cylinder 2 with an upward opening is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the machine base 1; a step groove 21 is arranged inside the upper port of the placing cylinder 2; a tray 3 with air holes 31 is placed in the step groove 21; the upper end of the tray 3 extends out of the step groove 21; an inverted cylinder 4 with a downward opening is arranged directly above the placing cylinder 2; the inner diameter of the inverted cylinder 4 is adapted to the outer diameter of the tray 3; the outer diameter of the inverted cylinder 4 is adapted to the outer diameter of the placing cylinder 2; a pressure plate 5 is movably and sealingly connected to the inner wall of the inverted cylinder 4; a plurality of pressure relief ports 51 are arranged through the center of the pressure plate 5 around; a pressure relief door 52 in the shape of an inverted frustum is covered in the pressure relief port 51; the center of the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12; the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 penetrates through the upper end of the inverted cylinder 4 and is movably and sealingly connected to the inverted cylinder 4; the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 is hinged to the pressure relief door 52 through a torsion spring 53; the pressure relief door 52 is unlocked and opened after the pressure plate 5 approaches the tray 3.

[0023] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the pressure relief port 51 is arranged to decrease from top to bottom; the inner wall of the pressure relief port 51 is provided with a driven groove 54 along the radial direction of the pressure plate 5; the driven groove 54 is arranged away from the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12; a driven block 6 is slidably connected in the driven groove 54; a clamping groove 55 is arranged at the corresponding position of the outer wall of the pressure relief door 52 and the driven groove 54; one end of the driven block 6 away from the bottom of the driven groove 54 can be clamped into the clamping groove 55; one end of the driven block 6 close to the bottom of the driven groove 54 is connected to the bottom of the driven groove 54 through a first spring 61; a driving groove 56 is arranged through the lower groove wall in the middle section of the driven groove 54; a driving block 57 is slidably connected in the driving groove 56; a guiding surface 58 is arranged at the upper end of the driving block 57 and inclined towards the first spring 61; a triangular groove 62 is arranged at the corresponding position of the outer wall of the driven block 6 and the driving groove 56; the guiding surface 58 is in inclined surface transmission with the inner wall of the triangular groove 62; the driving block 57 can drive the driven block 6 to compress the first spring 61 after being pressed at the lower end.

[0024] In this embodiment, an included angle of 0-90 degrees is formed between the lower surface of the opened pressure relief door 52 and the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 under the action of the torsion spring 53; a convex ring 41 is fixedly connected concentrically to the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder 4; the pressure relief door 52 is clamped into the pressure relief port 51 under the extrusion of the convex ring 41.

[0025] After removing the tray 3 from the stepped groove 21, pour the trichosanthes seeds to be shelled onto the tray 3 with air holes 31, and then place the tray 3 with trichosanthes seeds back into the stepped groove 21. Start the hydraulic cylinder 12 to extend. The hydraulic cylinder 12 will drive the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 to move downward. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 will drive the pressure plate 5 to move downward. In the initial state, the convex ring 41 on the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder 4 contacts the upper surface of the pressure plate 5. In this way, the pressure plate 5 will drive the inverted cylinder 4 to move downward synchronously during the downward movement of the pressure plate 5. After the inverted cylinder 4 moves downward, it covers the outer wall of the tray 3 and lands on the placement cylinder 2. The lower port of the inverted cylinder 4 contacts the upper port of the placement cylinder 2 and is sealed. As the pressure plate 5 continues to move downward, the pressure plate 5 will drive the pressure relief door 52 in the pressure relief port 51 to move downward synchronously. In the initial state, the pressure relief door 52 is located in the pressure relief port 51, and the pressure relief door 52 seals and blocks the pressure relief port 51. The card slot 55 on the outer wall of the pressure relief door 52 is initially clamped into the driven block 6, so that the pressure relief door 52 is locked in the pressure relief port 51. The pressure relief door 52 will move downward synchronously with the downward movement of the pressure plate 5. After the inverted cylinder 4 contacts the placement cylinder 2, the downward movement of the pressure plate 5 will cause the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 to separate from the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder 4. For the convenience of description, the space in the inverted cylinder 4 is divided into an upper first chamber and a lower second chamber by the pressure plate 5. During the downward movement of the pressure plate 5 close to the tray 3, the first chamber will expand to form a negative pressure, and the air pressure in the second chamber will increase. The second chamber is communicated with the space in the placement cylinder 2. In this way, the gas in the second chamber and the space in the placement cylinder 2 is compressed. After the active block 57 driven by the pressure plate 5 contacts and squeezes the upper port of the tray 3, the active block 57 will slide along the active groove 56 into the driven groove 54. The guiding surface 58 on the active block 57 will squeeze the inner wall of the triangular groove 62 on the outer wall of the driven block 6. The guiding surface 58 on the active block 57 and the inner wall of the triangular groove 62 on the outer wall of the driven block 6 produce a bevel transmission. The driven block 6 will slide along the driven groove 54 and squeeze the first spring 61. During the process of the driven block 6 approaching the bottom of the corresponding driven groove 54, the end of the driven block 6 away from the corresponding first spring 61 moves out of the corresponding card slot 55, so that the pressure relief door 52 is unlocked in the pressure relief port 51. At the moment when the pressure relief door 52 is unlocked, the pressure relief door 52 is lifted by compressed air, and the trichosanthes seeds on the tray 3 are suddenly exploded by the compressed air in the second chamber and the inner side of the placement cylinder 2. The compressed gas in the placement cylinder 2 and the second chamber will drive the trichosanthes seeds to pass through the pressure relief port 51 and impact on the inner side wall and the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder 4. The trichosanthes seeds are shelled under the internal and external pressure and impact, so that the seed coat and the seed kernel of the trichosanthes seeds are separated. After one shelling is completed, then control the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 to move upward. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 will drive the pressure plate 5 to move upward. During the upward movement of the pressure plate 5, the active block 57 will be driven away from the upper port of the tray 3. The first spring 61 will push the driven block 6 to slide along the driven groove 54 to reset. The end of the driven block 6 away from the first spring 61 will re-enter the inner side of the pressure relief port 51. After the air pressure in the first chamber and the second chamber is balanced, the lower surface of the pressure relief door 52 forms an angle of about 80 degrees with the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 under the action of the torsion spring 53.While keeping the pressure relief door 52 in the open state, prepare for the subsequent closing of the pressure relief door 52. As the pressure plate 5 moves upward, the pressure plate 5 will drive the pressure relief door 52, the active block 57 and the driven block 6 to move upward synchronously, and the inverted cylinder 4 will fall on the upper port of the placement cylinder 2 under the action of gravity. As the pressure plate 5 moves upward, the gas in the first chamber is pressurized and will drive the shelled seed shells and kernels and the unshelled Trichosanthes seeds to pass through the opened pressure relief port 51 and fall into the second chamber, and finally fall onto the upper surface of the tray 3. In order to ensure that all the materials in the first chamber fall into the second chamber, the pressure relief door 52 can be kept from contacting the convex ring 41 on the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder 4, and the pressure plate 5 can be controlled to move up and down repeatedly and quickly in the inverted cylinder 4, so that the materials in the first chamber can quickly fall into the second chamber under the action of the airflow. , and finally falls into the upper surface of the tray 3, and then the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the pressure plate 5 to move further upward, and the pressure plate 5 drives the pressure relief door 52 to contact the convex ring 41. The gravity of the convex ring 41 and the inverted cylinder 4 is greater than the torsion of the torsion spring 53, so that the inverted cylinder 4 remains in contact with the placement cylinder 2, and the convex ring 41 squeezes the pressure relief door 52. The pressure relief door 52 is squeezed by the convex ring 41 and will overcome the torsion spring 53 and flip toward the pressure relief port 51. In the process of entering the pressure relief port 51, the pressure relief door 52 will squeeze the end of the driven block 6 protruding on the inner wall of the pressure relief port 51, so that the driven block 6 is squeezed by the curved surface on the side wall of the pressure relief door 52 and retracts into the driven groove 54 until the slot 55 on the pressure relief door 52 is aligned with the driven groove 54, that is, the upper surface of the pressure relief door 52 is aligned with the pressure plate 5 After the upper surface is flush, the driven block 6 is pushed into the card slot 55 by the elastic force of the first spring 61, so that the pressure relief door 52 is locked in the pressure relief port 51. At this time, the space of the first chamber is also in the minimum state. As the pressure plate 5 continues to move upward, the pressure plate 5 will drive the inverted cylinder 4 to move up and away from the placement cylinder 2, so that the tray 3 is exposed. The staff will observe the shelling of the Trichosanthes seeds on the tray 3. If the shelling is in good condition, the tray 3 together with the material is directly removed from the step groove 21 and replaced with new material to be shelled. If the shelling is poor, multiple shelling is required. The shelling of the Trichosanthes seeds is related to its own variety and state, such as dryness and humidity. Therefore, the number of shelling times required for different batches and types of Trichosanthes seeds is also different, so that the Trichosanthes seeds of different batches and types are different. The shelling of seeds is more thorough and the effect is better. In the case where multiple shelling is required, the staff only needs to control the pressure plate 5 to move down again, and repeat the above action to achieve multiple shelling. The present invention can also directly keep the inverted tube 4 and the placement tube 2 covered, and use the monitoring components on the inside, such as cameras and other components to monitor the shelling situation, and select the number of gas explosion shelling according to the shelling situation. The movement of the pressure plate 5 to an upper limit and a lower limit in the inverted tube 4 is one shelling, and so on. The number of shelling can be determined according to the upper and lower limit times of the pressure plate 5 in the inverted tube 4. Since the negative pressure of the first chamber and the gas compression of the second chamber can be achieved by controlling the downward movement of a single pressure plate 5, compared with the existing method of using an air pump to inflate and inhale, it is more efficient.Indirectly improve the shelling efficiency of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds; after shelling for the corresponding number of times, lift the inverted cylinder 4 away from the placement cylinder 2, and then directly remove the material together with the material; In the present invention, the inverted cylinder 4 is buckled on the tray 3 containing Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, and the pressing plate 5 moves up and down in the inverted cylinder 4, so that the shelling device can shell the Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds on the tray 3 for the corresponding number of times, thereby making the shelling of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds more thorough, improving the shelling effect while enhancing the shelling efficiency. In addition, the shelling device also has the characteristic of being convenient for collection.

[0026] Embodiment 2: The cross-section of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12, the cross-section of the pressing plate 5, and the inner cross-section of the inverted cylinder 4 are all circular; an inclined groove 42 is provided at a position close to the upper part of the inner wall of the inverted cylinder 4; a vertical groove 43 is provided at a position close to the lower part of the inner wall of the inverted cylinder 4; the lower end of the inclined groove 42 communicates with the upper end of the vertical groove 43 and their widths and depths are adapted; the inclined groove 42 and the vertical groove 43 are connected by a transition; a driving block 59 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressing plate 5; the driving block 59 is movably and hermetically connected to both the inclined groove 42 and the vertical groove 43; locking blocks 44 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the lower end surface of the inverted cylinder 4; the cross-section of the locking block 44 is "convex" in shape; arc-shaped grooves 22 are symmetrically provided on the upper end surface of the placement cylinder 2; the cross-sections of the arc-shaped grooves 22 and the locking blocks 44 are both "convex" in shape; two ends of the arc-shaped grooves 22 are symmetrically provided with insertion slots 23 penetrating upward; in the initial state, the insertion slots 23 are aligned with the locking blocks 44 in the vertical direction; the locking blocks 44 can be inserted into the insertion slots 23.

[0027] In this embodiment, an insertion block 24 is provided in the insertion slot 23; an arc-shaped block 25 is slidably connected up and down in the arc-shaped groove 22; the cross-section of the arc-shaped block 25 is the same as that of the locking block 44; the vertical height of the arc-shaped block 25 is less than the vertical height of the arc-shaped groove 22; a second spring 26 is connected between the lower surface of the arc-shaped block 25 and the bottom of the arc-shaped groove 22; the arc-shaped block 25 is fixedly connected to the insertion block 24.

[0028] When the pressure plate 5 is driven to move downward by the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12, the pressure plate 5 will drive the contacting convex ring 41 and the inverted cylinder 4 to move downward synchronously. The locking block 44 in the initial state is aligned with the slot 23 in the vertical direction. In this way, when the inverted cylinder 4 moves downward, the inverted cylinder 4 will drive the locking block 44 to be inserted into the slot 23. At the same time, the lower end surface of the inverted cylinder 4 is in contact and sealed with the upper end surface of the placement cylinder 2, and the inverted cylinder 4 cannot move downward further. As the pressure plate 5 continues to move downward, the pressure plate 5 will drive the driving block 59 on the outer wall to move along the inclined groove 42. The inclined groove 42 and the driving block 59 are movable and sealed. Therefore, the downward moving pressure plate 5 will not cause the airflow between the first cavity and the second cavity to flow. Even if it flows, the pressure plate 5 will be instantly lowered. Moving downward can also achieve negative pressure in the first chamber and pressurization in the second chamber. The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 cannot rotate with the hydraulic cylinder 12, so the pressure plate 5 will not rotate during the downward movement of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12. When the pressure plate 5 drives the driving block 59 to move downward along the inclined groove 42, the inverted cylinder 4 will rotate under the active guidance of the driving block 59 and the inclined groove 42. During the rotation of the inverted cylinder 4, the locking block 44 will be driven to slide from the slot 23 into the arc groove 22. Since the cross-sectional shape of the arc groove 22 and the locking block 44 is the same, both are "convex" shapes, the locking block 44 will be stuck after sliding into the arc groove 22, so that the inverted cylinder 4 and the placement cylinder 2 cannot be separated and locked. As the pressure plate 5 continues to move downward, the pressure plate 5 will drive the driving block 59 to slide along the inclined groove 42 into the vertical groove 43. During the downward movement of the driving block 59 along the vertical groove 43, the inverted cylinder 4 will not rotate, and the pressure plate 5 will continue to move downward. Under the contact and extrusion of the active block 57 and the edge of the upper end surface of the tray 3, the pressure relief door 52 is unlocked and opened, forming a gas explosion. The Trichosanthes seeds impact on the inner bottom wall and the inner side wall of the inverted cylinder 4 under the action of the airflow, but because the inverted cylinder 4 is locked with the placement cylinder 2, and the placement cylinder 2 is fixedly connected to the machine base 1, the inverted cylinder 4 will not be separated from the placement cylinder 2 under the gas explosion, avoiding the tray 3 from being directly exposed during the gas explosion shelling process, thereby improving the safety and stability of the shelling device. After shelling is completed, the pressure plate 5 will drive the pressure relief door 52 to move up and contact the convex ring 41, so that the pressure relief door 52 covers the pressure relief port 51. During the upward movement of the pressure plate 5, the driving block 59 will slide from the vertical groove 43 into the inclined groove 42. During the upward movement of the driving block 59 along the inclined groove 42, the inverted cylinder 4 will rotate in the opposite direction. During the reverse rotation of the inverted cylinder 4, the locking block 44 will move in the opposite direction along the arc groove 22 and enter the slot 23, so that the inverted cylinder 4 and the placement cylinder 2 are unlocked. Then the pressure plate 5 will support the convex ring 41 and the inverted cylinder 4 and move upward. The inverted cylinder 4 will drive the locking block 44 to move out of the slot 23, and the inverted cylinder 4 will be separated from the placement cylinder 2, so that the tray 3 is exposed and unloaded. In this embodiment, in order to prevent the debris of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds from entering the arc-shaped groove 22 and the insertion slot 23 and causing blockage, an arc-shaped block 25 is provided in the arc-shaped groove 22, and an insertion block 24 is provided in the insertion slot 23. Under the elastic force of the second spring 26, the arc-shaped block 25 blocks the arc-shaped groove 22, and the insertion block 24 blocks the insertion slot 23. During the process of the locking block 44 entering the insertion slot 23, the insertion block 24 will be pushed aside. The insertion block 24 and the arc-shaped block 25 will move downward against the second spring 26 to avoid, so that the arc-shaped groove 22 and the insertion slot 23 are opened. After the inverted cylinder 4 drives the locking block 44 out of the insertion slot 23, the second spring 26 will drive the insertion block 24 back into the insertion slot 23 to block it, and the arc-shaped block 25 will return to the arc-shaped groove 22 to block it, thus preventing debris from entering and causing jamming.

[0029] Embodiment 3: An elastic ring 32 is embedded on the outer wall of the tray 3; the upper end surface of the elastic ring 32 is flush with the upper end surface of the tray 3; the outer wall of the elastic ring 32 is adapted to the outer wall of the tray 3; an anti-slip block 45 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the inverted cylinder 4 near the lower port; the thickness of the anti-slip block 45 decreases from top to bottom; the anti-slip block 45 can be inserted into the outer side wall of the elastic ring 32.

[0030] In this embodiment, a rotating ring 27 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the step groove 21; the tray 3 is placed on the upper surface of the rotating ring 27.

[0031] In this embodiment, an annular groove 46 is provided at the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder 4 near the edge; an annular strip 47 is rotatably and sealingly connected in the annular groove 46; a tension spring 48 is connected between the lower surface of the annular strip 47 and the upper surface of the pressure plate 5; the tension spring 48 is attached to the inner wall of the inverted cylinder 4.

[0032] When the inverting cylinder 4 moves downward with the pressure plate 5, the lower end of the inverting cylinder 4 contacts the outer edge of the tray 3. As the pressure plate 5 continues to move downward, the pressure plate 5 will pull the inverting cylinder 4 downward through the tension spring 48. Under the tension of the tension spring 48, the inverting cylinder 4 has a large downward force, so that the convex ring 41 on the inner bottom wall of the inverting cylinder 4 is not out of contact with the pressure plate 5, thereby preventing the driving block 59 from moving along the inclined groove 42 and affecting the alignment of the locking block 44 with the slot 23. The inverting cylinder 4 moves downward over the outer edge of the tray 3 under the tension of the tension spring 48 and its own gravity. The inverting cylinder 4 will drive the anti-sliding block 45 to insert into the outer side wall of the elastic ring 32. After the inverting cylinder 4 drives the locking block 44 to insert into the slot 23, the lower end surface of the inverting cylinder 4 contacts and seals with the upper end surface of the placement cylinder 2, and then the inverting cylinder 4 cannot move downward any further. As the pressure plate 5 continues to move downward, it will drive the driving block 59 to move downward along the inclined groove 42, so that the inverted cylinder 4 will rotate, and the rotation of the inverted cylinder 4 will drive the anti-sliding block 45 to rotate. The elastic ring 32 and the anti-sliding block 45 have a large friction force, so that the inverted cylinder 4 will drive the tray 3 to rotate on the upper surface of the rotating ring 27 of the inner bottom wall of the step groove 21 during the rotation. The rotation of the tray 3 will spread out the originally accumulated Trichosanthes seeds, especially in more than two shellings, the materials falling from the first cavity will accumulate on the upper surface of the tray 3. By spreading the materials on the tray 3, during the degassing process, the gas in the placement cylinder 2 can take away more Trichosanthes seeds and collide with them when passing through the air holes 31 on the bottom wall of the tray 3, thereby further improving the shelling effect of the Trichosanthes seeds.

[0033] Embodiment 4: There are multiple pressure relief ports 51 on the pressure plate 5 ; the height of the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 in the vertical direction increases as it moves away from the pressure relief ports 51 ; and the material on the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 can slide into the pressure relief ports 51 .

[0034] At the moment the pressure relief door 52 is opened, the Trichosanthes seeds will pass through the pressure relief port 51 from the second chamber into the first chamber under the action of the airflow. As the pressure plate 5 moves upward, the gas in the first chamber will drive the material to enter the second chamber along the pressure relief port 51. Since the height of the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 in the vertical direction increases as it moves away from the pressure relief port 51, the material falling on the upper surface of the pressure plate 5 can slide along the inclined upper surface of the pressure plate 5 into the corresponding pressure relief port 51, thereby reducing the residual amount of material in the first chamber, further improving the material collection efficiency, and improving the collection efficiency of the Trichosanthes seeds after shelling.

[0035] Embodiment 5: A method for using a Trichosanthes kirilowii shelling device for producing Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, the method is applicable to the above-mentioned Trichosanthes kirilowii shelling device for producing Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds, and the steps of the method are as follows: S1: Place the tray 3 containing the Trichosanthes seeds on the upper surface of the rotating ring 27 on the inner bottom wall of the step groove 21; S2: The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder 12 drives the pressure plate 5 to move downward, and the pressure plate 5 drives the inverting cylinder 4 to move downward. Under the pull of the tension spring 48, the lower end of the inverting cylinder 4 moves to the outside of the tray 3, and at the same time, the inverting cylinder 4 drives the locking block 44 to insert into the slot 23; S3: The downwardly moved pressure plate 5 drives the driving block 59 to move along the inclined groove 42, and the inverted cylinder 4 drives the locking block 44 to enter the arc groove 22 from the slot 23. The inverted cylinder 4 drives the tray 3 to rotate through the anti-sliding block 45, and the downwardly moved pressure plate 5 drives the driving block 59 to slide from the inclined groove 42 into the vertical groove 43; S4: The downwardly moving pressure plate 5 drives the active block 57 to contact the tray 3. The active block 57 is pressed to drive the guide surface 58 to squeeze the triangular groove 62 on the driven block 6. After the end of the driven block 6 away from the first spring 61 moves out of the card slot 55, the pressure relief door 52 is opened; the Trichosanthes seeds on the upper surface of the tray 3 enter the upper part of the pressure plate 5 along the pressure relief port 51, completing a single explosion shelling; S5: The pressure plate 5 moves upward inside the inverted cylinder 4, and the material in the inverted cylinder 4 falls back to the upper surface of the tray 3. During the upward movement of the pressure plate 5, the pressure relief door 52 is driven to contact the convex ring 41, and the pressure relief door 52 is re-covered and locked into the pressure relief port 51; S6: The pressure plate 5 will move down again and then up. After multiple cycles, the pressure plate 5 moves up to drive the inverted cylinder 4 to move up and separate from the placement cylinder 2. The tray 3 is exposed from the inside of the inverted cylinder 4, and the material can be unloaded.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the attached Figure 1 The orientation or positional relationship shown is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0037] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed production, comprising a machine base (1) and a frame (11) arranged at the rear of the upper surface of the machine base (1); a hydraulic cylinder (12) is fixedly connected to the upper position of the frame (11); it is characterized in that: On the upper surface of the base (1), a placement cylinder (2) with an upward opening is fixedly connected; on the inner side of the upper port of the placement cylinder (2), a step groove (21) is provided; in the step groove (21), a tray (3) with air holes (31) is placed; the upper end of the tray (3) extends out of the step groove (21); directly above the placement cylinder (2), an inverted cylinder (4) with a downward opening is provided; the inner diameter of the inverted cylinder (4) is adapted to the outer diameter of the tray (3); the outer diameter of the inverted cylinder (4) is adapted to the outer diameter of the placement cylinder (2); the inner wall of the inverted cylinder (4) is movably and sealingly connected to a pressure plate (5); a plurality of pressure relief ports (51) are provided through the center of the pressure plate (5); a pressure relief door (52) in the shape of an inverted frustum is covered in the pressure relief port (51); the center of the upper surface of the pressure plate (5) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of a hydraulic cylinder (12); the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (12) penetrates through the upper end of the inverted cylinder (4) and is movably and sealingly connected to the inverted cylinder (4); the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (12) is hinged to the pressure relief door (52) through a torsion spring (53); the pressure relief door (52) is unlocked and opened after the pressure plate (5) approaches the tray (3).

2. The shelling device for trichosanthes seeds used in trichosanthes seed production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the pressure relief port (51) is arranged to decrease from top to bottom; on the inner wall of the pressure relief port (51), a driven groove (54) is arranged along the radial direction of the pressure plate (5); a driven block (6) is slidably connected in the driven groove (54); at a position corresponding to the driven groove (54) on the outer wall of the pressure relief door (52), a clamping groove (55) is provided; one end of the driven block (6) far from the bottom of the driven groove (54) can be clamped into the clamping groove (55); between one end of the driven block (6) close to the bottom of the driven groove (54) and the bottom of the driven groove (54), a first spring (61) is connected; in the middle and lower groove wall of the driven groove (54), a driving groove (56) is provided through; a driving block (57) is slidably connected in the driving groove (56); on the upper end of the driving block (57), a guiding surface (58) is arranged to be inclined towards the first spring (61); at a position corresponding to the driving groove (56) on the outer wall of the driven block (6), a triangular groove (62) is provided; the guiding surface (58) is in inclined surface transmission with the inner wall of the triangular groove (62); after the lower end of the driving block (57) is pressed, it can drive the driven block (6) to compress the first spring (61).

3. The shelling device for trichosanthes seeds used in trichosanthes seed production according to claim 2, wherein: After being opened, an included angle of 0 - 90 degrees is formed between the lower surface of the pressure relief door (52) and the upper surface of the pressure plate (5) under the action of the torsion spring (53); a convex ring (41) is concentrically and fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder (4); the pressure relief door (52) is clamped into the pressure relief port (51) under the extrusion of the convex ring (41).

4. A Trichosanthes seed shelling device for Trichosanthes seed production according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cross-sections of the output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (12), the pressing plate (5), and the inner cross-section of the inverted cylinder (4) are all circular; an inclined groove (42) is provided at a position close to the upper part of the inner wall of the inverted cylinder (4); a vertical groove (43) is provided at a position close to the lower part of the inner wall of the inverted cylinder (4); the lower end of the inclined groove (42) communicates with the upper end of the vertical groove (43) and the widths and depths are adapted; a driving block (59) is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the pressing plate (5); the driving block (59) is movably and sealingly connected to both the inclined groove (42) and the vertical groove (43); locking blocks (44) are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the lower end face of the inverted cylinder (4); the cross-section of the locking block (44) is "convex”-shaped; arc-shaped grooves (22) are symmetrically provided on the upper end face of the placing cylinder (2); the cross-sections of the arc-shaped grooves (22) and the locking blocks (44) are both "convex”-shaped; insertion slots (23) are symmetrically and upwardly penetratingly provided at the ends of the two arc-shaped grooves (22); in the initial state, the insertion slots (23) are aligned with the locking blocks (44) in the vertical direction; the locking blocks (44) can be inserted into the insertion slots (23).

5. The shelling device for trichosanthes seeds used in trichosanthes seed production according to claim 4, wherein: An insertion block (24) is provided in the insertion slot (23); an arc-shaped block (25) is slidably connected up and down in the arc-shaped groove (22); the cross-section of the arc-shaped block (25) is the same as that of the locking block (44); the vertical height of the arc-shaped block (25) is less than the vertical height of the arc-shaped groove (22); a second spring (26) is connected between the lower surface of the arc-shaped block (25) and the bottom of the arc-shaped groove (22); the arc-shaped block (25) is fixedly connected to the insertion block (24).

6. The shelling device for trichosanthes seeds used in trichosanthes seed production according to claim 4, characterized in that: An elastic ring (32) is embedded in the outer wall of the tray (3); the upper end face of the elastic ring (32) is flush with the upper end face of the tray (3); an anti-slip block (45) is fixedly connected to a position close to the lower port of the inner wall of the inverted cylinder (4); the thickness of the anti-slip block (45) is set to decrease from top to bottom; the anti-slip block (45) can be inserted into the outer side wall of the elastic ring (32).

7. A Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed production, characterized in that: A rotating ring (27) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the step groove (21); the tray (3) is placed on the upper surface of the rotating ring (27).

8. The shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds used in the production of Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds according to claim 6, characterized in that: An annular groove (46) is provided at a position close to the edge of the inner bottom wall of the inverted cylinder (4); an annular strip (47) is rotatably and sealingly connected in the annular groove (46); a tension spring (48) is connected between the lower surface of the annular strip (47) and the upper surface of the pressing plate (5); the tension spring (48) is attached to the inner wall of the inverted cylinder (4).

9. The shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seeds according to claim 3, characterized in that: The number of pressure relief openings (51) on the pressing plate (5) is multiple; the height of the upper surface of the pressing plate (5) increases in the vertical direction as it moves away from the pressure relief openings (51); the material on the upper surface of the pressing plate (5) can slide into the pressure relief openings (51).

10. A method for using a Trichosanthes kirilowii seed shelling device for Trichosanthes kirilowii seed production, which is applicable to the Trichosanthes kirilowii seed shelling device described in any one of claims 1-9, and is characterized in that: The steps of this method are as follows: S1: Place the tray (3) containing trichosanthes seeds on the upper surface of the rotating ring (27) at the bottom of the step groove (21). S2: The output shaft of the hydraulic cylinder (12) drives the pressing plate (5) to move downward, the pressing plate (5) drives the inverted cylinder (4) to move downward, and under the pulling of the tension spring (48), the lower port of the inverted cylinder (4) moves into the outside of the tray (3), and at the same time, the inverted cylinder (4) drives the locking block (44) to be inserted into the insertion slot (23). S3: The descending pressure plate (5) drives the driving block (59) to move along the inclined groove (42). The inverted cylinder (4) drives the locking block (44) to enter the arc groove (22) from the slot (23). The inverted cylinder (4) drives the tray (3) to rotate through the anti-sliding block (45). The descending pressure plate (5) drives the driving block (59) to slide from the inclined groove (42) into the vertical groove (43); S4: The descending pressure plate (5) drives the active block (57) to contact the tray (3). The active block (57) is pressed to drive the guiding surface (58) to extrude the triangular groove (62) on the driven block (6). After the end of the driven block (6) away from the first spring (61) moves out of the clamping groove (55), the pressure relief door (52) is lifted. The Chinese torreya seeds on the upper surface of the tray (3) enter above the pressure plate (5) along the pressure relief port (51), completing a single-time aerated shelling; S5: The pressure plate (5) moves upward inside the inverted cylinder (4). The material in the inverted cylinder (4) falls back to the upper surface of the tray (3). During the upward movement of the pressure plate (5), it drives the pressure relief door (52) to contact the convex ring (41). The pressure relief door (52) is re-covered and snapped into the pressure relief port (51); S6: The pressure plate (5) moves downward and then upward again. After multiple cycles, the upward movement of the pressure plate (5) drives the inverted cylinder (4) to move upward and separate from the placing cylinder (2). The tray (3) is exposed from the inside of the inverted cylinder (4), and discharging can be carried out.

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