Acetabulum anterior-posterior column transversal lag screw placement device through acetabular bottom

Abstract

An acetabulum anterior-posterior column and acetabulum bottom transverse lag screw placement device comprises a base plate, the upper surface of the base plate is rotationally connected with a guide part, the base plate and the guide part are provided with guide channels matched with each other, the guide channels can allow guide needles to pass through, and the outer side face of the guide part is connected with a positioning structure used for being attached to the outer edge of an ischium closed hole. The positioning structure is provided with an adjusting piece capable of adjusting the distance between the positioning structure and the guiding piece, as the anatomical structures of patients have individual differences, the sizes and the shapes of acetabulum of different patients, the spatial position relation of front and rear columns and the like are not completely the same, and the distance between the positioning structure and the guiding piece can be adjusted; the screw placement device can be better attached to the specific acetabulum form of a patient, the accuracy and safety of screw placement are improved, and screw placement deviation caused by individual differences is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of medical equipment, and in particular to a device for inserting traction screws through the acetabulum bottom and transversely through the acetabulum anteroposterior columns. Background Art

[0002] The acetabulum consists of an anterior column and a posterior column. The patient's fracture may occur in the anterior column, posterior column, or both columns. The transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor can tightly connect the anterior and posterior columns and increase the strength of the fixation of the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum.

[0003] At present, during clinical surgery, when the posterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum of patients with fractures are screwed through the acetabulum floor transverse tension screws, the screw insertion channel is very narrow, and it is easy for the screw to enter the obturator foramen inwardly, causing damage to the obturator nerve and artery, or to enter the hip joint outwardly, affecting joint movement. The existing conventional screw placement process mainly relies on surgical fluoroscopic positioning, or relies on the doctor to touch the edge of the obturator foramen with his hand to prevent the screw from drilling into the obturator foramen. However, due to individual differences among patients, traditional screw placement devices are difficult to adapt to different patients during use, which makes it difficult for doctors to accurately position the screw during the screw placement process, affecting the patient's treatment. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the background technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a device for inserting lag screws through the acetabulum floor and the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A device for inserting lateral tension screws through the acetabulum of the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum is characterized in that it includes a base plate, the base plate is provided with a rotatable guide member, the base plate and the guide member are provided with mutually adaptable guide channels, the guide channels can allow guide needles to pass through, the outer side of the guide member is connected to a fixing rod, the side of the fixing rod away from the guide member is slidably connected to a positioning structure for fitting the outer edge of the sciatic obturator foramen; the fixing rod is provided with an adjusting member, the positioning structure is transmission-connected to the adjusting member, and the distance between the positioning structure and the guide member is controlled by the adjusting member.

[0007] Furthermore, the adjusting member adjusts the distance between the positioning structure and the guide member to a range of 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm.

[0008] Furthermore, the fixing rod is provided with a sliding groove, and the positioning structure is provided with a clamping piece movably clamped in the sliding groove.

[0009] Furthermore, a mounting groove is provided at one end of the fixing rod away from the guide member, a rotatable adjusting member is provided in the mounting groove, and a part of the adjusting member protrudes out of the mounting groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the positioning structure includes a connecting rod and a positioning member, the first end of the connecting rod is transmission-connected to the adjusting member, and the second end of the connecting rod is provided with the positioning member.

[0011] Furthermore, the adjusting member is a worm, and the connecting rod is transmission-connected to the worm.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning member is in an arc-shaped structure, and the convex surface of the arc-shaped structure is used to fit the outer edge of the sciatic obturator foramen.

[0013] Furthermore, the base plate is provided with a fixing groove, and the fixing groove is adapted to the bone surface or the steel plate screw hole where the needle is to be inserted.

[0014] Furthermore, the fixing grooves are located on both sides of the guide member.

[0015] Furthermore, the guide member includes a rotating joint and a guide sleeve installed in the rotating joint, the rotating joint includes a base fixedly connected to the upper surface of the substrate and a mounting sleeve rotatably connected to the base, and the mounting sleeve is adapted to the guide sleeve.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] 1. The present invention proposes a device for inserting acetabular anterior and posterior columns through the acetabular floor with a transverse tension screw. The positioning structure is provided with an adjusting member for adjusting the distance between the positioning structure and the guide member. Due to individual differences in the anatomical structure of patients, the size, shape, and spatial position relationship of the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum of different patients are not exactly the same. The adjustable distance between the positioning structure and the guide member can enable the screw insertion device to better fit the patient's specific acetabular morphology, improve the accuracy and safety of screw insertion, and reduce the screw insertion deviation caused by individual differences.

[0018] 2. The present invention proposes a device for inserting acetabular anterior and posterior columns through the acetabular floor with a traction screw. The device is provided with a positioning structure for fitting the outer edge of the obturator foramen of the sciatic bone. This design enables the device to be more accurately positioned at a key position around the acetabulum. The precise positioning structure can prevent the screw from mistakenly entering the area where the nerves are distributed around the acetabulum, thus preventing the patient from having serious complications. At the same time, the positioning structure provides an intuitive positioning reference for the surgeon. During the operation, the doctor does not need to spend too much time and energy to find a suitable screw insertion position, thus reducing the steps of repeated trials and adjustments to the positioning.

[0019] 3. A device for implanting transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum proposed by the present invention. The implanting device is provided with a substrate, and the substrate is provided with a fixing groove that enables the substrate to be fixed to the bone surface or the fixing groove of the steel plate where the needle is to be inserted. This provides a stable foundation for the entire implanting device, ensuring that the implanting device will not move randomly during the operation, thereby ensuring that the direction and position of the screw implantation can follow the pre-planned path;

[0020] 4. A device for implanting transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum proposed by the present invention. The substrate and the guiding member are provided with mutually adapted guiding channels through which a guide pin can pass. Under the guidance of the guiding channels, the guide pin can enter the bone along an accurate trajectory. This design can reduce the possibility of deviation in the screw implantation position, avoid the screw from misentering important surrounding nerves, blood vessels and other tissues, and improve the safety of the operation.

[0021] 5. A device for implanting transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum proposed by the present invention. The implanting device includes a connecting rod and a fixing rod, which connect the guiding member and the positioning member into a whole, ensuring the stability of the entire positioning structure during the operation, reducing the deviation of screw implantation caused by the shaking of the device, and improving the accuracy of screw implantation.

[0022] 6. A device for implanting transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum proposed by the present invention. The implanting device further includes a rotating joint, and the rotating joint is provided with a mounting sleeve adapted to the guiding member. The guiding member can be rotatably installed in the mounting sleeve. This rotatability can conveniently adjust the angle of the guiding member, making the screw implantation process more flexible and better adapting to different surgical approaches. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0024] Figure 1 It is one of the schematic diagrams of a device for implanting transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 It is another schematic diagram of a device for implanting transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating joint of a device for implanting transverse lag screws through the acetabular floor for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4The present invention is a schematic diagram of a fixing rod and a positioning structure of a device for inserting lag screws through the acetabulum floor and anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum.

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Schematic diagram of point A.

[0029] In the figure, 10, substrate; 101, fixing groove; 20, guide member; 201, guide sleeve; 202, rotating joint; 2021, base; 2022, mounting sleeve; 30, guide pin; 40, fixing rod; 401, mounting groove; 50, positioning structure; 501, connecting rod; 502, positioning member; 60, adjusting member. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] Combine the following Figures 1-5 The present invention is described in detail.

[0031] A device for placing acetabular anterior and posterior columns through the acetabular floor with a lateral tension screw includes a base plate 10, the base plate 10 is provided with a rotatable guide member 20, the base plate 10 and the guide member 20 are provided with mutually adapted guide channels, the guide channel can be used for a guide pin 30 to pass through, a fixing rod 40 is connected to the outer side of the guide member 20, and a positioning structure 50 for fitting the outer edge of the obturator foramen of the sciatic bone is slidably connected to the side of the fixing rod 40 away from the guide member 20; the fixing rod 40 is provided with an adjusting member 60, the positioning structure 50 is transmission-connected to the adjusting member 60, and the distance between the positioning structure 50 and the guide member 20 is controlled by the adjusting member 60. Due to individual differences in the anatomical structure of patients, the size, shape, spatial position relationship of the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum of different patients are not exactly the same, and the distance between the positioning structure 50 and the guide member 20 can be adjusted, so that the screw placement device can better fit the patient's specific acetabular morphology, improve the accuracy and safety of screw placement, and reduce the screw placement deviation caused by individual differences.

[0032] Preferably, the adjustment member 60 adjusts the distance between the positioning structure 50 and the guide member 20 to a range of 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm, and a scale is provided on the fixing rod 40 corresponding to the adjustment member 60 to facilitate the operator to check the adjusted distance.

[0033] In this embodiment, the fixing rod 40 is provided with a slide groove (not shown in the figure), and the positioning structure 50 is provided with a clamping member (not shown in the figure) that is movably clamped in the slide groove. The clamping connection operation is simple and intuitive, and the doctor only needs to perform simple operations to complete the adjustment and fixation of the positioning structure 50. This simple and easy-to-understand operation method improves the efficiency of the operator in mastering the operation method, thereby improving the efficiency of the doctor's surgery.

[0034] In this embodiment, an installation groove 401 is provided at one end of the fixed rod 40 away from the guide member 20. A rotatable adjusting member 60 is provided in the installation groove 401, and a part of the adjusting member 60 protrudes from the installation groove 401. The part of the adjusting member 60 protruding from the installation groove 401 facilitates the operator to adjust the distance between the positioning structure 50 and the guide member 20.

[0035] Specifically, the positioning structure 50 includes a connecting rod 501 and a positioning member 502. The first end of the connecting rod 501 is drivingly connected to the adjusting member 60, and the second end of the connecting rod 501 is provided with the positioning member 502. The included angle between the axes of the fixed rod 40 and the connecting rod 501 is 90 degrees. Setting the included angle to 90 degrees can make it easier for doctors to judge the relative position of the positioning member 502, and setting the included angle to 90 degrees can enhance the structural stability and help maintain the position of the positioning member 502 unchanged. The connecting rod 501 and the fixed rod 40 connect the guide member 20 and the positioning member 502 into a whole, ensuring that the entire positioning structure 50 remains stable during the operation, reducing the deviation of screw placement caused by the shaking of the device, and improving the accuracy of screw placement.

[0036] Further, the adjusting member 60 is a worm, the connecting rod 501 is drivingly connected to the worm, and a thread track is provided on the worm.

[0037] Specifically, the worm can drive the positioning member 502 to move in the direction close to or away from the guide member 20 through the thread track provided on it. The thread track provides good self-locking performance for the worm. Once adjusted to the appropriate position, the friction between the thread track and the fixed rod 40 can keep the position of the positioning member 502 stable and prevent accidental movement due to vibration or external force during the operation.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pitch of the thread track provided on the worm determines the adjustment accuracy. By rotating the worm, precise position adjustment can be achieved. During use, doctors can finely adjust the position and angle of the positioning member 502 according to needs to achieve the best screw placement position and direction, improving the accuracy and success rate of screw insertion.

[0039] The principle of the adjusting member 60 adjusting the distance between the positioning structure 50 and the guide member 20 is as follows:

[0040] When the doctor rotates the worm, the worm will rotate along its axis, thereby driving the positioning structure 50 to move. Since the pitch of the thread track is usually small, each full rotation of the worm can only make the positioning structure 50 move a distance equal to one pitch, which is convenient for doctors to make fine adjustments during the operation.

[0041] In this embodiment, the positioning member 502 has an arc-shaped structure, and the convex surface of the arc-shaped structure is used to fit the outer edge of the ischiadic foramen. Further, the arc-shaped convex surface that fits the outer edge of the ischiadic foramen can enable the nail placement device to be more accurately positioned at the key positions around the acetabulum. The precise positioning member 502 can prevent the screw from mistakenly entering the area where the nerves are distributed around the acetabulum, avoiding serious complications for the patient; during the operation, the doctor does not need to spend too much time and energy looking for a suitable screw placement position, reducing the steps of repeated probing and adjustment of the positioning.

[0042] Further, the connecting rod 501 has a frustum structure, and the frustum structure is beneficial to maintaining the stability of the connection of the positioning structure 50.

[0043] In this embodiment, the substrate 10 is provided with a fixing groove 101, and the fixing groove 101 is adapted to the bone surface or the steel plate to be punctured. This provides a stable foundation for the entire nail placement device, and it can ensure that the nail placement device will not move randomly during the operation, so as to ensure that the direction and position of the screw placement can follow the pre-planned path.

[0044] Specifically, the fixing groove 101 is located on both sides of the guiding member 20. Such a force distribution on both sides of the guiding member 20 can be more evenly distributed on the substrate 10, thereby reducing the shaking or deviation caused by uneven force and improving the stability of the entire device during the surgical operation.

[0045] In this embodiment, under the guidance of the guiding channel, the guide pin 30 can enter the bone along an accurate trajectory.

[0046] In this embodiment, the guiding member 20 includes a rotating joint 202 and a guiding sleeve 201 installed in the rotating joint 202. The rotating joint 202 includes a base 2021 fixedly connected to the upper surface of the substrate 10 and a mounting sleeve 2022 rotatably connected to the base 2021. The mounting sleeve 2022 is adapted to the guiding sleeve 201. This rotatability can conveniently adjust the angle of the guiding member 20, making the nail placement process more flexible and better adapting to different surgical approaches.

[0047] In this embodiment, the working principle of the rotating joint 202 is as follows:

[0048] The doctor can rotate the installation channel to adjust the direction of the guiding member 20 relative to the substrate 10. And since the outer side surface of the guiding member 20 is connected with the positioning structure 50, the doctor can change the direction of the positioning member 502 relative to the substrate 10 by adjusting the direction of the guiding member 20 relative to the substrate 10.

[0049] The usage process of a transacetabular floor transverse tension screw placement device for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0050] When the doctor places the nail - placing device at the anterior and posterior columns of the patient's acetabulum, the base plate 10 is fitted to the patient's bone surface or the steel plate, and the positioning member 502 is fitted to the outer edge of the ischial obturator. Then, the installation sleeve 2022 is rotated to adjust the direction of the guide member 20 relative to the base plate 10 to the required direction. Next, the adjusting member 60 is rotated to adjust the distance between the positioning structure 50 and the guide member 20. Then, the guide pin 30 is inserted into the guide member 20 so that the guide pin 30 passes through the guide channel. After determining the nail - placing position, the guide pin 30 is removed and a screw is inserted.

[0051] The above - mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical concept and features of the present invention. The purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it, but it cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for implanting a transverse tension screw through the acetabular floor along the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum, characterized in that, It includes a substrate, on which a rotatable guide is provided. The substrate and the guide are provided with mutually adapted guide channels through which a guide pin can pass. A fixing rod is connected to the outer side surface of the guide. A positioning structure for fitting the outer edge of the obturator foramen of the ischium is slidably connected to the side of the fixing rod away from the guide. The fixing rod is provided with an adjusting member, and the positioning structure is drivingly connected to the adjusting member, and the distance between the positioning structure and the guide is controlled by the adjusting member.

2. The acetabular anterior and posterior column trans-acetabular floor transverse lag screw placement device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The distance between the positioning structure and the guide adjusted by the adjusting member ranges from 0.5 cm to 1.5 cm.

3. The acetabular anterior and posterior column trans-acetabular floor transverse tension screw implanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing rod is provided with a chute, and the positioning structure is provided with a clamping member that is movably clamped in the chute.

4. A transacetabular floor transverse tension screw placement device for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, One end of the fixing rod away from the guide is provided with a mounting groove, and a rotatable adjusting member is provided in the mounting groove, and a part of the adjusting member protrudes from the mounting groove.

5. The acetabular anterior and posterior column trans-acetabular floor transverse tension screw implanting device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning structure includes a connecting rod and a positioning member. The first end of the connecting rod is drivingly connected to the adjusting member, and the second end of the connecting rod is provided with the positioning member.

6. The transacetabular transverse lag screw placement device for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum through the acetabular floor as claimed in claim 5, wherein, The adjusting member is a worm, and the connecting rod is drivingly connected to the worm.

7. The transacetabular floor transverse lag screw placement device for the anterior and posterior columns of the acetabulum according to claim 5, characterized in that, The positioning member is in an arc structure, and the convex surface of the arc structure is used to fit the outer edge of the obturator foramen of the ischium.

8. The acetabular anterior and posterior column trans-acetabular floor transverse tension screw placement device according to claim 1, wherein, The substrate is provided with a fixing groove, and the fixing groove is adapted to the bone surface or steel plate to be punctured.

9. The acetabular anterior and posterior column trans-acetabular floor transverse tension screw implanting device according to claim 8, wherein The fixing groove is located on both sides of the guide.

10. The acetabular anterior and posterior column trans-acetabular floor transverse tension screw implantation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guide includes a rotating joint and a guide sleeve installed in the rotating joint. The rotating joint includes a base fixedly connected to the upper surface of the substrate and a mounting sleeve rotatably connected to the base. The mounting sleeve is adapted to the guide sleeve.

Images