Passive gas-liquid-solid separator for space reactor
Through a non-active gas-liquid solid separator combined with axial flow centrifugation and solid filtration, the problem of volume increase, blockage and three-phase separation of the gas-liquid separator in the prior art is solved, and efficient and simplified gas-liquid solid separation effect is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510459413.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-04-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-11
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, the gas-liquid separator design has problems such as increasing the volume of the electromagnetic pump, increasing the weight of the space stack, blockage of the filter net, and the inability to achieve the three-phase separation of gas-liquid solid.
A non-active gas-liquid solid separator that combines axial flow centrifugation and solid filtration scheme is adopted to achieve three-phase separation of gas-liquid solid through the design of the guide section, separation section and confluent section, cancel the filter net, use density differences for centrifugation, and set up a gas storage area and a solid-liquid mixing area in the separation section.
It realizes efficient separation of gas, liquid and solid three-phase, avoids the increase in flow resistance caused by filter clogging, reduces the pressure drop and weight of the separator, improves separation efficiency and sealing, and simplifies structural design.
Smart Images
Figure CN120285665A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of space reactors, and particularly to a passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor. Background Art
[0002] As the mainstream trend of selecting liquid lithium as the coolant for the core of a megawatt-class space reactor, it has advantages such as light weight and good heat transfer performance. However, during the process of using liquid lithium as the coolant, a certain amount of helium gas is generated when liquid lithium is irradiated by the core. The generation of helium gas will cause technical problems such as low heat transfer efficiency of the core, decreased driving efficiency of the electromagnetic pump, and deterioration of the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger. On the other hand, in order to improve the heat transfer performance of the primary and secondary loops, the working temperature of liquid lithium generally needs to reach above 1400K. Under high-temperature conditions, liquid lithium has certain corrosiveness to the loop materials, and solid impurities will be generated due to corrosion in the loop. These solid impurities flow in the circulation loop, which will also bring technical problems such as further decreased driving efficiency of the electromagnetic pump and deterioration of the heat transfer performance of the heat exchanger.
[0003] In the prior art, only the design scheme of a gas-liquid separator is currently disclosed, and the separation of gas and liquid is mainly achieved through a gas-liquid filter screen. The specific principle is that under the action of the surface tension of the liquid, a filter screen with a certain pore size allows the liquid to pass through the screen, while the gas cannot pass through and is stored in the inner layer of the screen, thus achieving gas-liquid separation. However, for the separation scheme using a gas-liquid filter screen, on the one hand, the dense filter screen will bring a relatively high head loss, which will increase the load of the electromagnetic pump with relatively low efficiency, and further increase the volume and weight of the electromagnetic pump. This will inevitably increase the launch and transportation costs and difficulties of the space reactor. On the other hand, due to the small mesh size, the accumulation of solid impurities inside the loop may cause partial blockage of the filter screen, and the characteristics of difficult maintenance and radiation in space applications and other factors lead to the inability to replace the filter screen, which may cause a greater risk of blockage. On the other hand, in the current prior art, only the separation of gas and liquid can be achieved, and the separation of gas-liquid-solid three phases cannot be achieved. If the separation of liquid and solid is to be achieved again, a liquid-solid separation device needs to be installed separately, resulting in a more complex system. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the technical problems of the increase in the volume of the electromagnetic pump, the increase in the weight of the space reactor, the blockage accident of the filter screen, and the inability to achieve gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation caused by the filter screen in the prior art. The present invention provides the following technical solutions:
[0005] A passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor, comprising an inlet pipe, a diversion section, a separation section, a confluence section, and an outlet pipe arranged in sequence along the fluid flow direction. One end of the inlet pipe is communicated with one end of the diversion section, the other end of the diversion section is communicated with one end of the separation section, the other end of the separation section is communicated with the confluence section, and the other end of the confluence section is communicated with the outlet pipe;
[0006] The diversion section is used to make the fluid flow spirally, the separation section is used to maintain the rotational motion of the fluid and store gas to separate liquid and gas, and the confluence section is used for liquid-solid separation and respectively converge liquid and solid.
[0007] The separation section includes a stepped cylinder. The small-diameter end of the stepped cylinder is fixedly connected to the diversion section, and the large-diameter end is fixedly connected to the confluence section. A plurality of spiral guide plates are evenly distributed on the inner wall at the small-diameter part of the stepped cylinder. One end of the spiral guide plate is fixedly connected to the diversion section, and the other end extends into the large-diameter part of the stepped cylinder and is connected to the confluence section. A gas storage area is formed near the central axes of all the spiral guide plates.
[0008] Preferably, the stepped cylinder is a two-stage stepped cylinder.
[0009] The diversion section includes a diversion section housing and a diversion component. One end of the diversion section housing is fixedly connected to the inlet pipe, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the stepped cylinder. The diversion component is arranged inside the diversion section housing.
[0010] The diversion component includes a diversion shell. The diversion shell is arranged with a gap from the diversion section housing. On the outer surface of the diversion shell, a plurality of arc-shaped plates are evenly distributed between the diversion shell and the diversion section housing. The arc-shaped plates are inclined, and the arc-shaped plates correspond to the spiral guide plates one by one and are fixedly connected to the spiral guide plates.
[0011] The included angle formed by the arc-shaped plate and the horizontal plane is the same as the spiral angle of the spiral guide plate.
[0012] Preferably, the cover shell is arranged in a frustum shape.
[0013] The spiral angle formed by the arc-shaped plate and the separation section is 15°-30°.
[0014] The confluence section includes a confluence section housing, a confluence component and a filter cylinder. One end of the confluence section housing is fixedly connected to one end of the stepped cylinder, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe. The confluence component and the filter cylinder are arranged inside the confluence section housing. Among them, the confluence component is arranged with a coaxial gap from the confluence section housing. One end of the confluence component is fixedly connected to the spiral guide plate, and the other end is communicated with one end of the filter cylinder. The other end of the filter cylinder is fixedly connected to the confluence section housing and the outlet pipe, so as to form a solid storage area among the confluence component, the confluence section housing and the filter cylinder.
[0015] The busbar component includes a component outer casing and a component inner casing coaxially and gaplessly arranged with the busbar outer casing. Both the component outer casing and the component inner casing are arranged in an inverted conical shape. A plurality of straight guide plates are evenly arranged between the component outer casing and the component inner casing. The straight guide plates correspond to and are fixedly connected to the spiral guide plates one by one. One end of the component outer casing is communicated with the filter cylinder.
[0016] Preferably, the number of the spiral guide plates, the arc plates and the straight guide plates is four each.
[0017] A gas diversion shell is provided in the gas storage area.
[0018] Preferably, the gas diversion shell is coaxially arranged with the stepped cylinder. The gas diversion shell is arranged in a frustum shape, and the diameter of the gas diversion shell gradually increases along the direction of fluid flow.
[0019] A plurality of the gas diversion shells are provided, and the plurality of gas diversion shells are arranged along the direction of fluid flow.
[0020] The present invention has the following advantages:
[0021] (1) The present invention realizes the three-phase separation of gas, liquid and solid by combining the axial flow centrifugation and solid filtration schemes. The overall design does not introduce moving parts that require external force, and the entire gas-liquid-solid separator adopts a passive design method, enabling the entire separator to achieve better sealing performance. At the same time, the life loss and energy efficiency reduction caused by the introduction of moving parts are eliminated.
[0022] (2) During the separation process of the entire separation section of the present invention, no filter screen is provided, and the three-phase separation of gas, liquid and solid is realized. By cleverly setting the solid-liquid mixing area, the solid-liquid mixing area is communicated with the outlet pipe, and together with the channels of the busbar component, a double-channel flow outlet is formed, enabling the fluid to be collected through the outlet pipe through the double-channel flow path, avoiding the technical problem of increased flow resistance caused by the blockage or complete blockage of the filter screen, and thus avoiding the technical problems brought by the blockage of the filter screen.
[0023] (3) The angle formed by the arc plate and the horizontal plane is the same as the spiral angle of the spiral guide plate, having the technical effects of reducing the pressure drop and reducing the local eddy current caused by the secondary flow, and improving the separation efficiency.
[0024] (4) The spiral angle formed by the arc plate and the separation section is between 15° and 30°, enabling the tangential velocity obtained by the fluid to be optimal. Within this angle range, both the tangential velocity for efficient separation of gas, liquid and solid can be achieved, and the pressure borne by the cooling circuit will not be increased due to the large resistance of the fluid, thereby not increasing the weight of the space reactor.
[0025] (5) The gas storage area is arranged inside the gas-liquid-solid separator, eliminating the need to separately set up a gas storage area outside and lead out the gas, resulting in a simple structural design. At the same time, a gas diversion shell with a narrower upper part and wider lower part is set in the gas storage area, improving the stability of gas storage, avoiding the destruction of the internal bubble structure by the liquid moving at high speed on the periphery, and enhancing the gas storage capacity. Brief Description of the Drawings
[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;
[0027] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the confluence section.
[0028] In the figure: 1. Diversion section, 11. Diversion section housing, 12. Diversion component, 121. Diversion shell, 122. Arc plate, 2. Separation section, 21. Step cylinder, 22. Spiral diversion plate, 23. Gas storage area, 3. Confluence section, 31. Confluence section housing, 32. Confluence component, 321. Component outer housing, 322. Component inner housing, 323. Straight diversion plate, 33. Filter cylinder, 34. Solid storage area, 4. Inlet pipe, 5. Outlet pipe, Detailed Description of the Invention
[0029] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.
[0030] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention claimed, but only represents some embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0031] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features and technical solutions in the embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0032] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters indicate similar items in the following drawings. Therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent drawings. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed during use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. Such terms are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, terms such as "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
[0033] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , a passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor, comprising an inlet pipe 4, a diversion section 1, a separation section 2, a confluence section 3, and an outlet pipe 5 arranged in sequence along the fluid flow direction. The inlet pipe 4 is communicated with one end of the diversion section 1, the other end of the diversion section 1 is communicated with one end of the separation section 2, the other end of the separation section 2 is communicated with the confluence section 3, and the other end of the confluence section 3 is communicated with the outlet pipe 5;
[0034] The diversion section 1 is used to make the fluid flow spirally. The separation section 2 is used to maintain the rotational motion of the fluid and store gas to separate the liquid and gas. The confluence section 3 is used for liquid-solid separation and respectively collecting the liquid and solid. Wherein, the fluid is liquid lithium for a space reactor.
[0035] In the above solution, when the gas-liquid-solid mixed fluid flows through the diversion section 1 from the inlet pipe 4, the diversion section 1 makes the fluid move spirally to obtain the tangential velocity. When the rotating fluid continues to flow through the separation section 2, it is further rotationally accelerated in the separation section 2. Due to the different densities of the gas, liquid, and solid in the fluid, the smaller the density, the closer to the center. Therefore, when passing through the separation section 2, the gas with the smallest density gathers near the central axis of the separation section 2, the solid with the largest density is far from the central axis of the separation section 2, and the liquid with the second largest density is located between the gas and the solid, realizing the stratification of gas-liquid-solid. Since the separated gas all gathers at the central axis of the separation section 2, the separation of the gas is realized. The separated fluid flows through the confluence section, and after liquid-solid separation in the confluence section, a fluid without impurities is obtained, and the fluid flows into the cooling circulation pipeline through the outlet pipe 5 for further cyclic repetition.
[0036] In the above design solution, by adopting axial-flow centrifugal acceleration, after the fluid is stratified due to different densities, the three-phase separation of gas-liquid-solid is realized, and the separated gas is stored in the separation section 2 without adding a gas storage device to the pipeline.
[0037] In one embodiment, the separation section 2 includes a stepped cylinder 21, and the stepped cylinder 21 is a two-stage stepped cylinder 21. The structure of the two-stage stepped cylinder 21 is simple and convenient for production. The small-diameter end of the stepped cylinder 21 is fixedly connected to the diversion section 1, and the large-diameter end is fixedly connected to the confluence section 3; on the inner wall at the small-diameter of the stepped cylinder 21, a plurality of spiral guide plates 22 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the stepped cylinder 21. One end of the spiral guide plate 22 is fixedly connected to the diversion section 1, and the other end extends into the large-diameter of the stepped cylinder 21 and is connected to the confluence section 3; a gas storage area 23 is formed near the central axis of all the spiral guide plates 22. Specifically, near the central axis of the spiral guide plate 22, the spiral guide plate 22, the diversion section 1 and the confluence section 3 together form the gas storage area 23. A solid-liquid mixing area is formed between the spiral guide plate 22 and the inner wall of the large-diameter of the stepped cylinder 21. The spiral guide plate 22 is used to further accelerate the fluid. Specifically, after the fluid rotates and accelerates in the diversion section 1 and flows through the spiral guide plate 22, since the spiral guide plate 22 is arranged along the axial direction of the stepped cylinder 21, when the fluid flows along the spiral guide plate 22, the tangential velocity of the stepped cylinder 21 increases and the centrifugal force gradually increases. Due to the different densities of gas, liquid and solid, different-density objects obtain different centrifugal forces, which results in different distances of different-density objects from the central axis. The gas with a small density gathers near the central axis and forms the gas storage area near the central axis; the solid with the largest density moves close to the barrel wall of the stepped cylinder 21 and flows along the spiral guide plate 22 under the action of centrifugal force, and gas separation and enrichment are realized in the separation section 2. Since the barrel wall of the separation section 2 is a stepped cylinder 21, and the spiral guide plate 22 is set with the minimum diameter of the stepped cylinder 21 as the spiral diameter, when the fluid moves along the spiral guide plate 22 to the range of the large-diameter of the stepped cylinder 21, due to the lack of barrel diameter constraint of the fluid on the spiral guide plate 22, the fluid will perform centrifugal motion towards the vicinity of the large-diameter of the stepped cylinder 21 and enter the solid-liquid mixing area until it is constrained by the inner wall of the large-diameter of the stepped cylinder 21 and flows into the collection section. The fluid flowing through the spiral guide plate 22 directly flows through the confluence section 3 and enters the outlet pipe 5 because there are no solid impurities. In the separation section 2, the fluid realizes efficient gas separation, obtains a separate solid-liquid mixed fluid from the solid-liquid mixing area, and obtains a liquid without gas-solid impurities from the spiral guide plate 22, reducing the separation difficulty. Combined with the collection section capable of solid-liquid separation, gas-liquid-solid separation is realized.
[0038] The described confluence section 3 includes a confluence section housing 31, a confluence component 32, and a filter cartridge 33. One end of the confluence section housing 31 is fixedly connected to one end of the stepped cylinder 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe 5. The confluence component 32 and the filter cartridge 33 are arranged inside the confluence section housing 31. Among them, the confluence component 32 is arranged with a coaxial gap with the confluence section housing 31. One end of the confluence component 32 is fixedly connected to the spiral guide plate 22, and the other end is communicated with one end of the filter cartridge 33. The other end of the filter cartridge 33 is fixedly connected to the confluence section housing 31 and the outlet pipe 5, so as to form a solid storage area 34 among the confluence component 32, the confluence section housing 31, and the filter cartridge 33. The barrel wall of the filter cartridge 33 is made of a filter mesh, and the confluence component 32 is used to confluence the liquid flowing through the spiral guide plate 22. The solid-liquid mixed fluid in the solid-liquid mixing area flows into the solid storage area 34 along the confluence section housing 31, and then is filtered at the filter cartridge 33. Due to the filtering effect of the barrel wall of the filter cartridge 33, the solid is stored in the solid storage area 34, while the liquid flows through the filter mesh and converges with the liquid flowing through the confluence component 32 inside the diameter of the filter cartridge 33, and then flows out from the outlet pipe 5.
[0039] In the above design scheme, the separation section 2 and the confluence section are combined. Through an integrated design, gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation is achieved. By cleverly setting the solid-liquid mixing area, the solid-liquid mixing area is communicated with the outlet pipe 5. Coupled with the channel of the confluence component 32, a dual-channel flow outlet is formed, so that the fluid can be collected through the outlet pipe 5 through the dual-channel flow path, avoiding the technical problem of increased flow resistance caused by the blockage or complete blockage of the filter screen, thereby avoiding the technical problems brought by the blockage of the filter screen.
[0040] The confluence component 32 includes a component outer housing 321 and a component inner housing 322 arranged with a coaxial gap with the confluence outer housing. Both the component outer housing 321 and the component inner housing 322 are arranged in an inverted conical shape. A plurality of straight guide plates 323 are evenly arranged between the component outer housing 321 and the component inner housing 322. The straight guide plates 323 are in one-to-one correspondence with and fixedly connected to the spiral guide plate 22. One end of the component outer housing 321 is communicated with the filter cartridge 33. The component inner housing 322 and the component outer housing 321 are both arranged in an inverted conical shape to facilitate confluence. The design of the straight guide plates 323 can cancel the tangential velocity of the liquid flowing down from the spiral guide plate 22.
[0041] The guide section 1 includes a guide section housing 11 and a guide component 12. One end of the guide section housing 11 is fixedly connected to the inlet pipe 4, and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the stepped cylinder 21. The guide component 12 is arranged inside the guide section housing 11.
[0042] The flow guiding assembly 12 includes the flow guiding shell 121, and the flow guiding shell 121 is arranged at a gap with the outer shell 11 of the flow guiding section. On the outer surface of the flow guiding shell 121, a plurality of arc-shaped plates 122 are evenly distributed between the flow guiding shell 121 and the outer shell 11 of the flow guiding section. The arc-shaped plates 122 are inclined, and the arc-shaped plates 122 correspond to the spiral flow guiding plates 22 one by one, and the arc-shaped plates 122 are fixedly connected to the spiral flow guiding plates 22. Preferably, the flow guiding shell 121 is conically arranged. The fluid flows in from the inlet pipe 4 and flows along the flow guiding shell 121. Due to the inclined arc-shaped plates 122 on the flow guiding shell 121, the fluid obtains rotational acceleration when flowing through the inclined arc-shaped plates 122, thereby obtaining a tangential velocity. This design enables the fluid to obtain a rotational speed without additional electrical energy, eliminating the need to install other devices as accessories, and further realizing the situation where the entire separator is passive, achieving better sealing performance for the entire separator. At the same time, it eliminates the life loss and energy efficiency reduction caused by the introduction of moving parts. Further, near the central axis of the spiral flow guiding plate 22, a gas storage area 23 is formed between the flow guiding shell 121 and the confluence inner shell. This is where the fluid rotates and flows along the spiral flow guiding plate 22, forming a vortex in the middle. Combining with the flow guiding shell 121 at the top and the confluence inner shell at the bottom, a gas storage area is formed, allowing the gas to exist between the flow guiding shell 121 and the confluence inner shell.
[0043] The included angle formed by the arc-shaped plate 122 and the horizontal plane is the same as the spiral angle of the spiral flow guiding plate 22. This design has the technical effects of reducing pressure drop, reducing local eddies caused by secondary flow, and improving separation efficiency.
[0044] The spiral angle formed by the arc-shaped plate 122 and the separation section 2 is 15° - 30°. Refer to the appendix Figure 1 , enabling the fluid to obtain the optimal tangential velocity. Within this angle range, it can not only achieve the tangential velocity for efficient gas-liquid-solid separation but also avoid excessive pressure on the cooling circuit due to large fluid resistance, thereby increasing the weight of the space reactor.
[0045] Preferably, the number of the spiral flow guiding plates 22, arc-shaped plates 122, and straight flow guiding plates 323 is four each. The spiral flow guiding plates 22, arc-shaped plates 122, and straight flow guiding plates 323 are set to four in order to reduce resistance and mass on the basis of ensuring separation efficiency and gas storage capacity, achieving a balance between the two.
[0046] A gas guiding shell is provided in the gas storage area 23. The gas guiding shell is coaxially arranged with the stepped cylinder 21, and the gas guiding shell is frustum-shaped. The diameter of the gas guiding shell gradually increases along the direction of fluid flow. There are multiple gas guiding shells, and the multiple gas guiding shells are arranged along the direction of fluid flow.
[0047] In the above solution, a gas drainage shell with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part is arranged in the gas storage area, which improves the stability of gas storage, avoids the destruction of the internal bubble structure by the liquid moving at high speed on the periphery, and improves the gas storage capacity.
[0048] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: The fluid mixed with gas, liquid and solid flows into the diversion section 1 from the inlet pipe 4. Due to the conical design of the diversion shell 121 of the diversion section 1 and the inclined arc plate 122, when the fluid flows through the arc plate 122, a rotational flow is formed, and the fluid obtains a tangential movement speed and flows into the separation section 2. Since the arc plate 122 and the spiral diversion plate 22 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence, when the fluid flows through the separation section 2, it maintains a spiral flow along the spiral diversion plate 22 to maintain the centrifugal force of the fluid. Since the magnitude of the centrifugal force is related to the density of the fluid, the greater the density, the greater the centrifugal force, and the greater the radius from the central axis. Therefore, the gas with a small density gathers near the central axis to form the gas storage area. Since the gas drainage shell is arranged in the gas storage area and the diameter of the gas drainage shell gradually increases along the fluid movement direction, the gas drainage shell with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part improves the stability of gas storage, avoids the destruction of the internal bubble structure by the liquid moving at high speed on the periphery, and improves the gas storage capacity. The separation and enrichment of gas are realized. The solid with the largest density moves close to the barrel wall of the stepped barrel 21 under the action of centrifugal force and flows along the spiral diversion plate 22. Since the barrel wall of the separation section 2 is the stepped barrel 21 and the spiral diversion plate 22 is arranged with the minimum barrel diameter of the stepped barrel 21 as the spiral diameter, when the fluid moves along the spiral diversion plate 22 to the large barrel diameter range of the stepped barrel 21, due to the lack of barrel diameter constraint of the fluid on the spiral diversion plate 22, the fluid will perform centrifugal movement towards the vicinity of the large barrel diameter of the stepped barrel 21 and enter the solid-liquid mixing area until it is constrained by the inner wall of the large barrel diameter of the stepped barrel 21 and flows into the solid-liquid storage area of the converging section; then after being filtered by the filter cylinder 33, the solid is stored in the solid storage area 34, and the liquid flows out of the separator through the outlet pipe 5 after passing through the filter cylinder 33, realizing the separation of the solid; further, since the solid impurities accumulate in the solid storage area 34, even if the filter screen of the filter cylinder 33 is blocked due to the accumulation of solid impurities, it can flow out through the communication channel between the confluence component 32 and the filter cylinder 33, and technical problems such as excessive resistance caused by the blockage of the filter screen will not occur. The fluid flowing through the spiral diversion plate 22, due to the action of centrifugal force, the gas impurities enter the gas storage area, the solid impurities enter the solid-liquid mixing area, and directly flow through the confluence component 32 in the converging section 3. Due to the action of the straight diversion plate 323 on the inner wall of the confluence component 32, the tangential movement of the liquid is eliminated, and it flows out through the outlet pipe 5 after passing through the filter cylinder 33. Through the above repeated process, the gas-liquid-solid separation is realized.
[0049] In the design of the above gas-liquid-solid separator, the gas storage area is calculated to meet the volume of all helium gas generated during the service life of the gas-liquid-solid separator.
[0050] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
[0051] (1) The present invention realizes the gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation by combining the axial-flow centrifugation and solid filtration schemes. The overall design does not introduce moving parts that require external force, and the entire gas-liquid-solid separator adopts a passive design method, enabling the entire separator to achieve good sealing performance. At the same time, the life loss and energy efficiency reduction caused by the introduction of moving parts are eliminated.
[0052] (2) During the separation process of the entire gas-liquid separation section 2 of the present invention, no filter screen is set, and gas-liquid-solid three-phase separation is realized. By cleverly setting the solid-liquid mixing zone, the solid-liquid mixing zone is connected to the outlet pipe 5, and together with the channel of the confluence component 32, a dual-channel flow outlet is formed, enabling the fluid to converge through the dual-channel flow path and pass through the outlet pipe 5, avoiding the technical problem of increased flow resistance caused by the blockage or complete blockage of the solid filter screen, and thus avoiding the technical problems brought about by the blockage of the filter screen.
[0053] (3) The angle formed by the arc-shaped plate 122 and the horizontal plane is the same as the spiral angle of the spiral guide plate 22, having the technical effects of reducing the pressure drop and reducing the local eddy current caused by the secondary flow, and improving the separation efficiency.
[0054] (4) The spiral angle formed by the arc-shaped plate 122 and the separation section 2 is between 15° and 30°, enabling the tangential velocity of the fluid to be optimal. Within this angle range, both the tangential velocity for efficient gas-liquid-solid separation can be achieved, and the pressure borne by the cooling circuit will not be increased due to the large resistance of the fluid, thereby not increasing the weight of the space reactor.
[0055] (5) The gas storage area 23 is arranged inside the gas-liquid-solid separator, eliminating the need to separately set up a gas storage area outside and guide out the gas, resulting in a simple structural design. At the same time, a gas drainage shell with a narrower upper part and a wider lower part is arranged in the gas storage area, improving the stability of gas storage, avoiding the destruction of the internal bubble structure by the high-speed moving liquid on the periphery, and enhancing the gas storage capacity.
[0056] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor, characterized in that, It includes an inlet pipe (4), a diversion section (1), a separation section (2), a confluence section (3), and an outlet pipe (5) arranged in sequence along the fluid flow direction. The inlet pipe (4) is communicated with one end of the diversion section (1), the other end of the diversion section (1) is communicated with one end of the separation section (2), the other end of the separation section (2) is communicated with the confluence section (3), and the other end of the confluence section (3) is communicated with the outlet pipe (5). The diversion section (1) is used to make the fluid flow spirally. The separation section (2) is used to maintain the rotational motion of the fluid and store gas to separate the liquid from the gas. The confluence section (3) is used for liquid-solid separation and separately collect the liquid and the solid.
2. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 1, wherein The separation section (2) includes a stepped cylinder (21). The small-diameter end of the stepped cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to the diversion section (1), and the large-diameter end is fixedly connected to the confluence section (3). A plurality of spiral guide plates (22) are evenly distributed on the inner wall at the small-diameter part of the stepped cylinder (21). One end of the spiral guide plate (22) is fixedly connected to the diversion section (1), and the other end extends into the large-diameter part of the stepped cylinder (21) and is connected to the confluence section (3). A gas storage area (23) is formed near the central axis of all the spiral guide plates (22).
3. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 2, wherein The stepped cylinder (21) is a second-order stepped cylinder (21).
4. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The diversion section (1) includes a diversion section housing (11) and a diversion component (12). One end of the diversion section housing (11) is fixedly connected to the inlet pipe (4), and the other end is fixedly connected to one end of the stepped cylinder (21). The diversion component (12) is arranged inside the diversion section housing (11).
5. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 4, wherein, The diversion component (12) includes a diversion shell (121). The diversion shell (121) is arranged with a gap from the diversion section housing (11). On the outer surface of the diversion shell (121), a plurality of arc-shaped plates (122) are evenly distributed between the diversion shell (121) and the diversion section housing (11). The arc-shaped plates (122) are inclined, and the arc-shaped plates (122) correspond to the spiral guide plates (22) one by one. The arc-shaped plates (122) are fixedly connected to the spiral guide plates (22).
6. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that The angle formed by the arc-shaped plate (122) and the horizontal plane is the same as the spiral angle of the spiral guide plate (22).
7. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 5, wherein The spiral angle formed by the arc-shaped plate (122) and the separation section (2) is 15° - 30°.
8. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 2, wherein, The described confluence section (3) includes a confluence section housing (31), a confluence assembly (32), and a filter cartridge (33). One end of the confluence section housing (31) is fixedly connected to one end of the stepped cylinder (21), and the other end is fixedly connected to the outlet pipe (5). The confluence assembly (32) and the filter cartridge (33) are arranged inside the confluence section housing (31). Among them, the confluence assembly (32) is arranged with a coaxial gap with the confluence section housing (31). One end of the confluence assembly (32) is fixedly connected to the spiral deflector (22), and the other end is communicated with one end of the filter cartridge (33). The other end of the filter cartridge (33) is fixedly connected to the confluence section housing (31) and the outlet pipe (5), so as to form a solid storage area (34) among the confluence assembly (32), the confluence section housing (31), and the filter cartridge (33).
9. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that The confluence assembly (32) includes an assembly outer housing (321) and an assembly inner housing (322) arranged with a coaxial gap with the confluence outer housing. Both the assembly outer housing (321) and the assembly inner housing (322) are arranged in an inverted conical shape. A plurality of straight deflectors (323) are evenly arranged between the assembly outer housing (321) and the assembly inner housing (322). The straight deflectors (323) correspond to and are fixedly connected to the spiral deflector (22) one by one. One end of the assembly outer housing (321) is communicated with the filter cartridge (33).
10. The passive gas-liquid-solid separator for a space reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, A gas diversion shell is provided in the gas storage area (23).