Discharging mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a discharging mechanism which comprises a connecting pipe, a connecting pipe flange, a corresponding flange, a reducing section, a condensate draining flange, a condensate draining flange cover, an inner sleeve, a plug, a plug pin, a connecting flange, an outer sleeve, a flange plug plate, a discharging flange and a discharging barrel. The discharging mechanism has two states, namely a condensate discharging state and a discharging state, and condensate discharging and continuous catalyst discharging of a catalyst in equipment such as a hydrogenation reactor can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of discharging agents and discharging in petrochemical industry, and particularly relates to a discharging mechanism. Background Art

[0002] In the process of petrochemical processing, various types of catalysts and fillers are placed in many reaction equipment and impurity removal equipment. There are many types of catalysts. Classified by state, they can be divided into liquid catalysts and solid catalysts; classified by the phase state of the reaction system, they can be divided into homogeneous catalysts and heterogeneous catalysts. Homogeneous catalysts include acids, bases, soluble transition metal compounds, and peroxide catalysts. Heterogeneous catalysts include solid acid catalysts, organic base catalysts, metal catalysts, metal oxide catalysts, complex catalysts, rare earth catalysts, molecular sieve catalysts, biocatalysts, nano-catalysts, etc.; classified by reaction type, they can be further divided into polymerization, polycondensation, esterification, acetalization, hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, oxidation, reduction, alkylation, isomerization and other catalysts; classified by the role, they can be divided into main catalysts and promoter catalysts. Catalysts play an extremely important role in modern chemical industry. For example, iron catalysts are used in ammonia synthesis, vanadium catalysts are used in sulfuric acid production, and different catalysts are used in the production of the three major synthetic materials such as the polymerization of ethylene and the production of rubber from butadiene; various hydrogenation reaction catalysts are used in hydrocracking and hydrofining; catalysts for removing impurity components are used in various devices such as hydrogen production and desulfurization.

[0003] During the use of catalysts, they will lose their activity rapidly or slowly due to various factors. The reasons for catalyst deactivation are complex and can be summarized into the following categories: 1. Permanent deactivation. The active components of the catalyst are deactivated by the action of certain foreign components (poisoning), which is often permanent deactivation. These foreign components mostly react chemically or ion-exchange with the active components of the catalyst, resulting in changes in the active components. For example, acidic catalysts are neutralized by bases, and noble metal catalysts are poisoned by sulfides or nitrides. The deactivation caused by catalyst poisoning often shows a rapid decline in activity. The loss of active components due to abrasion or sublimation during use also leads to permanent deactivation, and this type of deactivation is often difficult to simply recover; 2. The active components are covered and gradually deactivated, which is non-permanent deactivation. For example, the carbon deposition generated during the reaction covers the active components or blocks the pores of the catalyst, preventing the reactants from contacting the active components. These coverings can be removed by certain methods. For example, the catalyst deactivated by carbon deposition can be regenerated by carbon burning; 3. Incorrect operation leads to catalyst deactivation, such as too high reaction temperature, violent pressure fluctuations leading to chaos or crushing of the catalyst bed layer, etc. This type of deactivation cannot be recovered.

[0004] After the catalyst loses its activity, the catalyst needs to be unloaded from equipment such as reactors. If its activity can be restored, it can be recycled and reused by a specialized recycling company after catalyst recovery and regeneration. If its activity cannot be restored, it also needs to be recovered by a specialized catalyst recycling company for harmless treatment. During the process of replacing the catalyst, the unloading and installation of the catalyst are inevitably involved.

[0005] Patent CN214933760U discloses a plug-type discharging device for the catalyst discharging port of a reactor, which solves the problems that it is impossible to control the discharging amount when opening the manhole to remove the baffle for discharging, and it is very difficult to collect waste materials. Since the plug is located inside the discharging tank, it can well achieve continuous discharging. At the same time, because the discharging pipe is smaller than the discharging baffle, there is a hidden danger of incomplete discharging.

[0006] Patent CN205627874U discloses a safety protection device for the discharging port, which solves the problem that the flange cover is bounced open under the catalyst pressure and the self-weight of the flange cover during the discharging process, causing harm to the operators. However, it does not solve the problems of condensate drainage before catalyst unloading and how to replace the catalyst bag during the catalyst discharging process.

[0007] During the process of unloading the catalyst in the reactor, it is necessary to consider safety, convenience, and continuous operation at the same time, and it is also necessary to consider the problem of condensate drainage before unloading the catalyst. There is a lack of technical solutions in the prior art that can solve the above problems simultaneously. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a discharging mechanism for condensate drainage and continuous catalyst discharging inside equipment such as hydrogenation reactors in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0009] The present invention provides a discharging mechanism, which includes a connecting pipe system, a condensate drainage system, and a discharging system; the connecting pipe system includes a connecting pipe, an inner sleeve, and a connecting pipe flange. The connecting pipe, the inner sleeve, and the connecting pipe flange are connected by welding, and the inner sleeve extends out of the sealing surface of the connecting pipe flange; the condensate drainage system includes a corresponding flange, a reducing section, a condensate drainage flange, and a condensate drainage flange cover; the corresponding flange, the reducing section, and the condensate drainage flange are connected by welding, and the condensate drainage flange and the condensate drainage flange cover are connected by bolts and nuts; the discharging system includes a connecting flange, an outer sleeve, a first discharging flange, a handle, a flange plug, a second discharging flange, a discharging cylinder, and a retaining ring; the connecting flange, the outer sleeve, and the first discharging flange are connected by welding, the second discharging flange and the discharging cylinder are connected by welding, and the retaining ring is welded at the end of the discharging cylinder; the handle and the flange plug are connected by welding, the flange plug is located between the first discharging flange and the second discharging flange, and the first discharging flange, the flange plug, and the second discharging flange are connected by bolts and nuts.

[0010] Preferably, the connecting pipe system further includes an inner baffle, and the inner baffle is arranged at the lower end of the inner sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, two circular holes arranged at 180° are formed on the inner baffle, and two circular holes arranged at 180° are formed on the inner sleeve, and the inner baffle and the inner sleeve are connected by pins passing through the circular holes.

[0012] Preferably, the material of the connecting pipe, connecting pipe flange and inner sleeve is consistent with that of the connected equipment.

[0013] Preferably, the corresponding flange, the reducing section, the condensate discharge flange, the condensate discharge flange cover, the connecting flange, the outer sleeve, the discharge flange and the discharge barrel are made of stainless steel or carbon steel.

[0014] The unloading mechanism is divided into two states: a condensate discharge state and a unloading state; in the condensate discharge state, the connecting flange and the corresponding flange, and the condensate discharge flange and the condensate discharge flange cover are connected together by bolts, nuts and gaskets respectively; in the unloading state, the connecting flange and the connecting flange, and the two unloading flanges are connected together by bolts, nuts and gaskets respectively.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by setting the condensate discharge state of the unloading mechanism, it is ensured that the liquid generated during operation can be discharged first during normal use, and the liquid is prevented from being brought into the waste catalyst. By setting the unloading mechanism, the bag replacement work of the waste catalyst during the unloading process can be conveniently controlled to realize the continuous operation of the catalyst unloading agent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the condensate discharge state of a discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a discharging state of a discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 It is a detailed schematic diagram of a discharging system of a discharging mechanism of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 It is a motion schematic diagram of a flange plugging plate of a discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0020] In the figure: 1. connecting pipe; 2. inner sleeve; 3. connecting pipe flange; 4. corresponding flange; 5. reducing section; 6. condensate discharge flange; 7. condensate discharge flange cover; 8. inner baffle; 9. latch; 10. connecting flange; 11. outer sleeve; 12. positioning nut; 13. first discharge flange; 14. handle; 15. flange plug; 16. hexagonal head bolt; 17. second discharge flange; 18. discharge barrel; 19. retaining ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0022] like Figure 1 , Figure 2, Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown in and

[0023] , the present invention mainly includes a nozzle connection system, a drain system, and a discharging system.

[0023] The nozzle connection system includes a nozzle 1, an inner sleeve 2, a nozzle flange 3, an inner baffle 8, and a pin 9; the nozzle 1 is welded to the nozzle flange 3, the inner sleeve 2 is welded inside the nozzle 1 and extends a certain distance beyond the sealing surface of the nozzle flange 3. Two circular holes arranged at 180° are provided on the inner sleeve 2. The inner baffle 8 is concave, and two circular holes arranged at 180° are provided on the peripheral wall. The pin 9 passes through the circular holes provided on the inner sleeve and the inner baffle to install the inner baffle on the inner side of the inner sleeve 2.

[0024] The drain system includes a corresponding flange 4, a reducer section 5, a drain flange 6, and a drain flange cover 7; the corresponding flange 4, the reducer section 5, and the drain flange 6 are sequentially connected by welding, and the drain flange 6 and the drain flange cover 7 are connected by bolts and nuts.

[0025] The discharging system includes a connecting flange 10, an outer sleeve 11, a positioning nut 12, a first discharging flange 13, a handle 14, a flange plug 15, a hexagon head bolt 16, a second discharging flange 17, a discharging cylinder 18, and a retaining ring 19; two circular holes arranged at 180° are provided on the outer sleeve 11; the connecting flange 10, the outer sleeve 11, and the first discharging flange 13 are sequentially connected by welding, and the positioning nut 12 is spot-welded to the back of the first discharging flange after pre-assembly; the handle 14 and the flange plug 15 are welded together. The flange plug is located between the first discharging flange and the second discharging flange. A positioning hole is provided on the flange plug 15. The positioning nut 12 passes through the positioning hole of the flange plug, and the first discharging flange 13, the flange plug 15, and the second discharging flange 17 are connected by the positioning nut 12 and the hexagon head bolt 16; the second discharging flange 17 is welded to the discharging cylinder 18, and the retaining ring 19 is welded to the end of the discharging cylinder 18.

[0026] The discharging mechanism has two states: a drain state and a discharging state. In the drain state, the corresponding flange 4 and the nozzle flange 3 are connected together by bolts and nuts. After the pressure and temperature of the equipment drop to normal temperature and pressure, the drain flange cover 7 is removed for draining. After draining is completed, it enters the discharging state. First, the corresponding flange 4 and the nozzle flange 3 are disassembled, and then the connecting flange 10 is connected to the nozzle flange 3. In this way, the discharging system is connected to the nozzle connection system. After installation and positioning, it is confirmed that the circular holes on the outer sleeve 11, the inner sleeve 2, and the inner baffle 8 are on the same straight line. Then, the loading bag is connected to the discharging cylinder 18 through the retaining ring 19. The flange plug 15 is in a closed state. The pin 9 is taken out, and the handle 14 is rotated to open the flange plug 15 to start discharging. After filling, the handle 14 is rotated to close the flange plug 15 to end discharging and replace the loading bag.

[0027] After the discharging mechanism finishes discharging the agent completely, it returns to the condensate drainage state. That is, after the inner baffle 8 is installed in place through the bolt 9, the corresponding flange 4 and the connecting pipe flange 3, and the condensate drainage flange cover 7 and the condensate drainage flange 6 are connected by bolts and nuts, and the discharging system is put into standby.

[0028] The above are only typical examples of the present invention and do not impose any formal restrictions on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, any changes or modifications made using the above technical content should be regarded as equivalent examples of equivalent changes. Any equivalent changes made to the above examples based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. Other parts of the present invention not described are the same as the prior art. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, several improvements or substitutions can be made without departing from the principle described in the present invention, and these improvements or substitutions should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A discharging mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a pipe connection system, a drain system and a discharging system; the pipe connection system includes a pipe, an inner sleeve and a pipe flange, the pipe, the inner sleeve and the pipe flange are connected by welding, and the inner sleeve extends out of the sealing surface of the pipe flange; the drain system includes a corresponding flange, a reducing section, a drain flange and a drain flange cover; the corresponding flange, the reducing section and the drain flange are connected by welding, and the drain flange and the drain flange cover are connected by bolts and nuts; the discharging system includes a connecting flange, an outer sleeve, a first discharging flange, a handle, a flange blanking plate, a second discharging flange, a discharging cylinder and a retaining ring; the connecting flange, the outer sleeve and the first discharging flange are connected by welding, the second discharging flange and the discharging cylinder are connected by welding, and the retaining ring is welded at the end of the discharging cylinder; the handle and the flange blanking plate are connected by welding, the flange blanking plate is located between the first discharging flange and the second discharging flange, and the first discharging flange, the flange blanking plate and the second discharging flange are connected by bolts and nuts.

2. The discharging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe connection system further includes an inner baffle, and the inner baffle is arranged at the lower end of the inner sleeve.

3. The discharging mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: Two circular holes are arranged on the inner baffle at 180°, and two circular holes are arranged on the inner sleeve at 180°. The inner baffle and the inner sleeve are connected by pins passing through the circular holes.

4. A discharging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The corresponding flange, the reducing section, the drain flange, the drain flange cover, the connecting flange, the outer sleeve, the discharging flange and the discharging cylinder are made of stainless steel or carbon steel.

5. The discharging mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The materials of the pipe, the pipe flange and the inner sleeve are consistent with those of the connected equipment.

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