Clamping device with self-adaptive function

Abstract

The invention discloses a clamping device with a self-adaptive function, and relates to the technical field of fixtures, a driving mechanism drives four clamping mechanisms to push a workpiece to a central position and then stop moving, the angle is automatically adjusted and the workpiece is automatically attached through a clamping plate until all the four clamping mechanisms stop, the driving mechanism applies pressure to the four clamping mechanisms, and the workpiece is automatically clamped through the clamping plate. The clamping device is used for clamping a workpiece, the four connecting pipes and the four first sliding grooves communicate with one another, and therefore the workpiece is evenly stressed, the clamping device can clamp the workpieces of different sizes and shapes in a self-adaptive mode, and automatic positioning of the workpieces can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of jigs, and specifically to a clamping device with an adaptive function. Background Art

[0002] Metal castings are metal forming objects with a certain shape, size and performance formed by various casting methods. When processing, a clamping device is required to clamp the metal castings. Traditional clamping devices mostly use rigid jaws or clamping plates with fixed spacing. However, the metal castings will have dimensional deviations due to different casting processes. At the same time, the outer shapes of different metal castings are also different. The traditional clamping devices have poor adaptability to the size and shape of the workpiece. When the traditional clamping devices clamp different metal castings, due to the different outer shapes, the clamping devices cannot fit well with the outer wall of the metal castings, thus affecting the stability during processing. Moreover, the traditional clamping devices usually need to be manually adjusted in advance or directly replaced, which increases the production time and reduces the production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a clamping device with an adaptive function to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A clamping device with an adaptive function, the clamping device includes a housing, a driving mechanism, a clamping mechanism, a balancing mechanism, a base and a return spring. The housing is rotatably connected to the driving mechanism. There are four clamping mechanisms, and the four clamping mechanisms are slidably connected to the housing. The balancing mechanism is slidably connected to the housing. The clamping mechanism is fixedly connected to the balancing mechanism. There are four bases, and the four bases are slidably connected to the four clamping mechanisms. There are four return springs, and the four return springs are fixedly connected to the four bases. The four return springs are fixedly connected to the housing.

[0006] The workpiece is placed at the center of the shell, and the driving mechanism installed in the shell rotates in the shell, so that the driving mechanism drives the clamping mechanism to slide on the shell and the base, so that the four clamping mechanisms approach the center. After every two symmetrically placed clamping mechanisms contact the workpiece, and push the workpiece to the center position, they stop moving until the four clamping mechanisms stop, so that they can adaptively clamp workpieces of different sizes and shapes, and can automatically position the workpiece. The clamping mechanism is clamped on the base, so that the clamping mechanism and the base are tightly connected. The driving mechanism drives the base to generate a force toward the center, thereby driving the clamping mechanism to press the workpiece. The balancing mechanism balances the clamping force of the four clamping mechanisms on the workpiece, so that the workpiece is evenly stressed, and deformation caused by uneven stress on the workpiece is avoided. When the workpiece needs to be released, the driving mechanism drives the base to generate a reverse force, and at the same time, the base moves in the opposite direction, so that the clamping mechanism releases the base and restores the sliding state. The driving mechanism drives the clamping mechanism away from the workpiece, thereby releasing the workpiece. At the same time, the four bases are reset by four reset springs fixed on the shell.

[0007] Furthermore, the clamping mechanism includes a fitting unit, a sliding rod No. 1, a sliding seat, a connecting unit, a slider No. 1, a self-locking unit and a moving unit. The fitting unit is fixedly connected to the sliding rod No. 1, the sliding seat is provided with a sliding groove No. 1, the sliding rod No. 1 is slidably connected to the sliding groove No. 1, the sliding seat and the connecting unit are fixedly connected, the sliding seat and the outer shell are slidably connected, the slider No. 1 is slidably connected to the connecting unit, the outer shell is provided with a slot, the connecting unit and the slot are slidably connected, the self-locking unit and the slider No. 1 are fixedly connected, the moving unit and the slider No. 1 are fixedly connected, and the slider No. 1 is slidably connected to the base.

[0008] The movable unit rotates with the driving mechanism and moves toward the center, and is fixed by the movable unit and the No. 1 slider, so that the No. 1 slider slides on the base, and one end of the connecting unit is clamped on the No. 1 slider, and the other end of the connecting unit is fixed on the slide. The connecting unit moves on the slot, so that the connecting unit drives the slide to move with the movable unit, and hydraulic oil is injected into the No. 1 sliding groove provided on the slide, so that the No. 1 slide bar moves with the slide, and drives the bonding unit fixed on the No. 1 slide bar to contact the workpiece, and the bonding unit automatically adjusts the angle to fit the surface of the workpiece, so that the contact area between the bonding unit and the workpiece is increased to avoid damage to the workpiece due to excessive concentration of pressure. After the bonding unit and the workpiece are bonded, the No. 1 slider continues to slide so that the bonding unit is subjected to a reverse force, and then the connecting unit slides out of the No. 1 slider, and then pressure is applied to the self-locking unit fixed on the No. 1 slider, so that the No. 1 slider and the base are locked, so that they are temporarily fastened and connected, and at the same time the movable unit moves up and is disconnected from the driving mechanism.

[0009] Further, the balancing mechanism includes a connecting pipe, a hydraulic tank, a sliding plate and a first spring. There are four connecting pipes, and the four connecting pipes communicate with four first sliding grooves. The hydraulic tank is fixedly connected to the housing and communicates with the four connecting pipes. The hydraulic tank is provided with a storage tank, the sliding plate is slidably connected to the storage tank, the first spring is placed in the storage tank, and the first spring is fixedly connected to the sliding plate.

[0010] Through the four connecting pipes, one end of each connecting pipe communicates with the first sliding groove, and the other end communicates with the hydraulic tank fixed in the housing, so that the four first sliding grooves communicate with each other. There is hydraulic oil in the storage tank of the hydraulic tank and the first sliding groove, so that the clamping forces at the four positions of the workpiece are evenly distributed. By providing a sliding plate in the storage tank, the storage tank is divided into two parts, and the sliding plate can slide on the storage tank. When the first slide bar clamps the workpiece through the fitting unit, the first slide bar slides into the first sliding groove, and the hydraulic oil flows back into the storage tank, causing the sliding plate to slide downward, and at the same time compressing the first spring, thereby adjusting the pressure to avoid damage to the workpiece caused by excessive pressure.

[0011] Further, the driving mechanism includes a motor, a first transmission shaft, a first gear, a second transmission shaft, a second gear, an internal gear ring, a mounting plate, a disc and a second spring. The motor is fixedly connected to the hydraulic tank, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft, the first transmission shaft is in transmission connection with the first gear, there are four second gears, the four second gears are meshed with the first gear, there are four second transmission shafts, and the four second transmission shafts are respectively in transmission connection with the four second gears. The internal gear ring is meshed with the four second gears, the internal gear ring is fixedly connected to the disc, the mounting plate is rotatably connected to the four second transmission shafts, the second spring is fixedly connected to the mounting plate, the second spring is fixedly connected to the disc, and the base is provided with a tooth groove, and the tooth groove is meshed with the second gear.

[0012] Through the motor fixed on the hydraulic tank, the output end of the motor is fixed to the first transmission shaft, so that the motor drives the first transmission shaft to rotate. The first transmission shaft and the first gear are in transmission through a key groove, and the first transmission shaft drives the first gear to rotate. The four second gears are meshed with the first gear, so that the four second gears rotate with the first gear. Through the four second transmission shafts rotatably connected to the mounting plate, the four second gears are respectively in transmission connection with the four second transmission shafts through key grooves, so that the four second gears are mounted on the mounting plate. Through the internal gear ring meshed with the four second gears, the internal gear ring fixed on the disc drives it to rotate, so that the moving unit moves until the fitting unit contacts the workpiece, and the moving unit moves upward away from the disc until all the moving units leave the disc. By the second spring releasing elastic force, the mounting plate moves upward, driving the second gear to move upward. The base is provided with a tooth groove, and the second gear slides into the tooth groove meshed with it, and at the same time the second gear is disengaged from the internal gear ring. The first gear continues to rotate, so that the second gear drives the base to move.

[0013] Further, the fitting unit includes a clamping plate, a first connecting plate, a cross shaft, and a second connecting plate. The clamping plate is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate. The cross shaft is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate. The cross shaft is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate. The second connecting plate is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod.

[0014] Fixed by the clamping plate and the first connecting plate, both ends of one shaft of the cross shaft are rotatably connected to the first connecting plate, and both ends of the other shaft of the cross shaft are rotatably connected to the second connecting plate, enabling the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate to rotate respectively along the two axes of the cross shaft. When the first sliding rod pushes the second connecting plate and the clamping plate contacts the workpiece, the clamping plate can automatically adjust the angle to fit the workpiece, so that the pressure distribution is uniform and the workpiece is prevented from being damaged due to excessive local pressure.

[0015] Further, the self-locking unit includes a second slider, a third spring, a third connecting plate, and a clamping block. The first slider is provided with a second sliding groove. The second slider is slidably connected to the second sliding groove. The third spring is placed in the second sliding groove. The third connecting plate is fixedly connected to the second slider. The third connecting plate is fixedly connected to the clamping block. The base is provided with a plurality of card slots, and the clamping block cooperates with the card slots.

[0016] Due to the reaction force received by the connecting unit, the connecting unit moves towards the second slider, pushing the second slider into the second sliding groove of the first slider. The third connecting plate is fixed to the side of the second slider. The second slider drives the third connecting plate to slide downward together. The clamping block is fixed to the third connecting plate, and the clamping block cooperates with the plurality of card slots provided on the base, enabling the clamping block to move with the third connecting plate and the clamping block to be engaged in the card slots, locking the first slider and the base and making them temporarily firmly connected. When the base moves in the reverse direction, the connecting unit leaves the second slider, and the third spring releases its elastic force to reset the second slider, thereby driving the clamping block to reset.

[0017] Further, the moving unit includes a second sliding rod, a fourth spring, and a fixed block. The first slider is provided with a third sliding groove. The second sliding rod is slidably connected to the third sliding groove. The fourth spring is sleeved outside the second sliding rod. One end of the fourth spring is fixedly connected to the fixed block, and the other end of the fourth spring is fixedly connected to the first slider. The fixed block is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod. The disc is provided with a guiding groove, and the second sliding rod is slidably connected to the guiding groove.

[0018] The disc is provided with a guiding groove, and the second sliding rod can slide on the guiding groove. When the disc rotates, the second sliding rod slides along the guiding groove until the connecting unit leaves the third sliding groove. Through the fourth spring sleeved outside the second sliding rod, both ends of the fourth spring are respectively fixed to the fixed block and the first slider. The fourth spring contracts, causing the second sliding rod to slide upward and the second sliding rod to leave the guiding groove, so that the second sliding rod no longer moves with the rotation of the disc.

[0019] Furthermore, the connecting unit includes a connecting block, a fifth spring, and a third slider. The connecting block is fixedly connected to the sliding seat. The connecting block is provided with a fourth sliding groove. The fifth spring is placed in the fourth sliding groove, and the third slider is slidably connected to the fourth sliding groove.

[0020] The connecting block is fixed on the sliding seat. The connecting block is provided with a fourth sliding groove. A fifth spring is arranged in the fourth sliding groove. The third slider can slide into the fourth sliding groove to compress the fifth spring, and the fifth spring can also release elastic force to reset the third slider.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. The driving mechanism drives the four clamping plates to move. After every two symmetrically placed clamping mechanisms come into contact with the workpiece and push the workpiece to the central position and then stop moving, until all four clamping plates stop, the driving mechanism applies pressure to the four clamping plates to clamp the workpiece, enabling it to adaptively clamp workpieces of different sizes and shapes and automatically position the workpiece.

[0023] 2. Through the four connecting pipes, both ends of each connecting pipe are respectively communicated with the first sliding groove and the hydraulic tank, so that the four first sliding grooves are interconnected with each other, enabling the clamping forces at the four positions of the workpiece to be evenly distributed. The first sliding rod can slide into the first sliding groove to make the hydraulic oil flow back to the storage tank, causing the sliding plate to slide downward, and at the same time compressing the first spring, thereby adjusting the pressure to avoid damage to the workpiece caused by excessive pressure.

[0024] 3. The two perpendicular axes of the cross shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, enabling the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate to respectively rotate along the two axes of the cross shaft. When the first sliding rod pushes the second connecting plate and the clamping plate comes into contact with the workpiece, the clamping plate can automatically adjust the angle, so that the clamping plate can automatically fit the workpiece, thereby making the pressure distribution uniform and avoiding damage to the workpiece caused by excessive local pressure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is the internal structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the enlarged partial view of A;

[0028] Figure 4 is Figure 2 the enlarged partial view of B;

[0029] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is Figure 5 a partial enlarged view of C;

[0031] Figure 7 is a schematic structural view of the self-locking unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of the moving unit and the connecting unit of the present invention.

[0033] In the figure: 1. Outer shell; 11. Groove; 2. Driving mechanism; 21. Motor; 22. First transmission shaft; 23. First gear; 24. Second transmission shaft; 25. Second gear; 26. Inner gear ring; 27. Mounting plate; 28. Disc; 281. Guide groove; 29. Second spring; 3. Clamping mechanism; 31. Fitting unit; 311. Clamping plate; 312. First connecting plate; 313. Cross shaft; 314. Second connecting plate; 32. First sliding rod; 33. Slide seat; 331. First sliding groove; 34. Connecting unit; 341. Connecting block; 3411. Fourth sliding groove; 342. Fifth spring; 343. Third slider; 35. First slider; 351. Second sliding groove; 352. Third sliding groove; 36. Self-locking unit; 361. Second slider; 362. Third spring; 363. Third connecting plate; 364. Block; 37. Moving unit; 371. Second sliding rod; 372. Fourth spring; 373. Fixed block; 4. Balancing mechanism; 41. Connecting pipe; 42. Hydraulic tank; 421. Storage tank; 43. Sliding plate; 44. First spring; 5. Base; 51. Tooth groove; 52. Card slot; 6. Return spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0034] Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Embodiment: As Figures 1-3 shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a clamping device with an adaptive function. A clamping device with an adaptive function includes an outer shell 1, a driving mechanism 2, a clamping mechanism 3, a balancing mechanism 4, a base 5 and a return spring 6. The outer shell 1 is rotatably connected to the driving mechanism 2. There are four clamping mechanisms 3. The four clamping mechanisms 3 are slidably connected to the outer shell 1. The balancing mechanism 4 is slidably connected to the outer shell 1. The clamping mechanism 3 is fixedly connected to the balancing mechanism 4. There are four bases 5. The four bases 5 are slidably connected to the four clamping mechanisms 3. There are four return springs 6. The four return springs 6 are fixedly connected to the four bases 5. The four return springs 6 are fixedly connected to the outer shell 1.

[0036] The workpiece is placed at the center of the housing 1, and the driving mechanism 2 installed in the housing 1 rotates in the housing 1, so that the driving mechanism 2 drives the clamping mechanism 3 to slide on the housing 1 and the base 5, so that the four clamping mechanisms 3 are close to the center. After every two symmetrically placed clamping mechanisms 3 contact the workpiece, and push the workpiece to the center position, they stop moving until all four clamping mechanisms 3 stop, so that they can adaptively clamp workpieces of different sizes and shapes, and can automatically position the workpiece. The clamping mechanism 3 is clamped on the base 5, so that the clamping mechanism 3 and the base 5 are tightly connected, and the driving mechanism 2 is used to drive the clamping mechanism 3 to slide on the housing 1 and the base 5. The driving mechanism 2 drives the base 5 to generate a force toward the center, thereby driving the clamping mechanism 3 to press the workpiece. The balancing mechanism 4 balances the clamping force of the four clamping mechanisms 3 on the workpiece, so that the workpiece is evenly stressed, avoiding deformation of the workpiece caused by uneven stress. When the workpiece needs to be released, the driving mechanism 2 drives the base 5 to generate a reverse force, and at the same time, the base 5 moves in the opposite direction, so that the clamping mechanism 3 releases the base 5 and restores the sliding state. The driving mechanism 2 drives the clamping mechanism 3 away from the workpiece, thereby releasing the workpiece. At the same time, the four reset springs 6 fixed on the shell 1 reset the four bases 5.

[0037] like Figure 3 As shown, the clamping mechanism 3 includes a bonding unit 31, a sliding bar 32, a sliding seat 33, a connecting unit 34, a slider 35, a self-locking unit 36 ​​and a moving unit 37. The bonding unit 31 is fixedly connected to the sliding bar 32, the sliding seat 33 is provided with a sliding groove 331, the sliding bar 32 and the sliding groove 331 are slidably connected, the sliding seat 33 and the connecting unit 34 are fixedly connected, the sliding seat 33 and the housing 1 are slidably connected, the slider 35 and the connecting unit 34 are slidably connected, the housing 1 is provided with a slot 11, the connecting unit 34 and the slot 11 are slidably connected, the self-locking unit 36 ​​and the slider 35 are fixedly connected, the moving unit 37 and the slider 35 are fixedly connected, and the slider 35 and the base 5 are slidably connected.

[0038] The moving unit 37 moves towards the center as the driving mechanism 2 rotates. Fixed by the moving unit 37 and the first slider 35, the first slider 35 slides on the base 5. One end of the connecting unit 34 is clamped to the first slider 35, and the other end of the connecting unit 34 is fixed to the sliding seat 33. The connecting unit 34 moves on the slot 11, causing the connecting unit 34 to drive the sliding seat 33 to move with the moving unit 37. By injecting hydraulic oil into the first sliding slot 331 provided in the sliding seat 33, the first sliding rod 32 moves with the sliding seat 33, driving the fitting unit 31 fixed on the first sliding rod 32 to contact the workpiece. The fitting unit 31 automatically adjusts the angle to fit the surface of the workpiece, increasing the contact area between the fitting unit 31 and the workpiece, avoiding damage to the workpiece due to over - concentrated pressure. After the fitting unit 31 contacts the workpiece, the first slider 35 continues to slide, causing the fitting unit 31 to receive a reverse force, and then the connecting unit 34 slides out of the first slider 35. Immediately, pressure is applied to the self - locking unit 36 fixed on the first slider 35, locking the first slider 35 and the base 5, making their connection temporarily tightened. At the same time, the moving unit 37 moves upward and disconnects from the driving mechanism 2.

[0039] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the balance mechanism 4 includes a connecting pipe 41, a hydraulic tank 42, a sliding plate 43 and a first spring 44. There are four connecting pipes 41. The four connecting pipes 41 communicate with the four first sliding slots 331. The hydraulic tank 42 is fixedly connected to the outer shell 1 and communicates with the four connecting pipes 41. The hydraulic tank 42 is provided with a storage tank 421. The sliding plate 43 is slidably connected to the storage tank 421. The first spring 44 is placed in the storage tank 421 and is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 43.

[0040] Through the four connecting pipes 41, one end of each connecting pipe 41 communicates with the first sliding slot 331, and the other end communicates with the hydraulic tank 42 fixed inside the outer shell 1, making the four first sliding slots 331 communicate with each other. There is hydraulic oil in both the storage tank 421 of the hydraulic tank 42 and the first sliding slots 331, so that the clamping forces at the four positions of the workpiece are evenly distributed. By providing the sliding plate 43 in the storage tank 421, the storage tank 421 is divided into two parts. The sliding plate 43 can slide on the storage tank 421. When the first sliding rod 32 clamps the workpiece through the fitting unit 31, the first sliding rod 32 slides into the first sliding slot 331, and the hydraulic oil flows back to the storage tank 421, causing the sliding plate 43 to slide downward and simultaneously compressing the first spring 44, thereby adjusting the pressure and avoiding damage to the workpiece caused by excessive pressure.

[0041] As Figures 4-6As shown in the figure, the driving mechanism 2 includes a motor 21, a first transmission shaft 22, a first gear 23, a second transmission shaft 24, a second gear 25, an internal gear ring 26, a mounting plate 27, a disc 28, and a second spring 29. The motor 21 is fixedly connected to the hydraulic tank 42. The output end of the motor 21 is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft 22. The first transmission shaft 22 is in transmission connection with the first gear 23. There are four second gears 25, and the four second gears 25 are meshed with the first gear 23. There are four second transmission shafts 24, and the four second transmission shafts 24 are respectively in transmission connection with the four second gears 25. The internal gear ring 26 is meshed with the four second gears 25. The internal gear ring 26 is fixedly connected to the disc 28. The mounting plate 27 is rotatably connected to the four second transmission shafts 24. The second spring 29 is fixedly connected to the mounting plate 27. The second spring 29 is fixedly connected to the disc 28. The base 5 is provided with a tooth groove 51, and the tooth groove 51 is meshed with the second gear 25.

[0042] Through the motor 21 fixed on the hydraulic tank 42, the output end of the motor 21 is fixed to the first transmission shaft 22, so that the motor 21 drives the first transmission shaft 22 to rotate. The first transmission shaft 22 and the first gear 23 are in transmission through a key groove. The first transmission shaft 22 drives the first gear 23 to rotate. The four second gears 25 are meshed with the first gear 23, so that the four second gears 25 rotate with the first gear 23. Through the four second transmission shafts 24 rotatably connected to the mounting plate 27, the four second gears 25 are respectively in transmission connection with the four second transmission shafts 24 through key grooves, so that the four second gears 25 are mounted on the mounting plate 27. Through the internal gear ring 26 meshed with the four second gears 25, the internal gear ring 26 fixed on the disc 28 drives it to rotate, so that the moving unit 37 moves until the fitting unit 31 contacts the workpiece. Then the moving unit 37 moves upward away from the disc 28 until all the moving units 37 leave the disc 28. By the second spring 29 releasing elastic force, the mounting plate 27 moves upward, driving the second gear 25 to move upward. The base 5 is provided with a tooth groove 51, and the second gear 25 slides into the tooth groove 51 meshed with it. At the same time, the meshing between the second gear 25 and the internal gear ring 26 is disengaged. The first gear 23 continues to rotate, so that the second gear 25 drives the base 5 to move.

[0043] As Figure 3 shown in the figure, the fitting unit 31 includes a clamping plate 311, a first connecting plate 312, a cross shaft 313, and a second connecting plate 314. The clamping plate 311 is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate 312. The cross shaft 313 is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate 312. The cross shaft 313 is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate 314. The second connecting plate 314 is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod 32.

[0044] It is fixed by the clamping plate 311 and the first connecting plate 312. Both ends of one axis of the cross shaft 313 are rotatably connected to the first connecting plate 312, and both ends of the other axis of the cross shaft 313 are rotatably connected to the second connecting plate 314, enabling the first connecting plate 312 and the second connecting plate 314 to rotate respectively along the two axes of the cross shaft 313. When the first sliding rod 32 pushes the second connecting plate 314 and the clamping plate 311 contacts the workpiece, the clamping plate 311 can automatically adjust the angle to fit the workpiece, so that the pressure distribution is uniform and damage to the workpiece caused by excessive local pressure is avoided.

[0045] As Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the self-locking unit 36 includes a second slider 361, a third spring 362, a third connecting plate 363, and a clamping block 364. The first slider 35 is provided with a second sliding groove 351, the second slider 361 is slidably connected to the second sliding groove 351, the third spring 362 is placed in the second sliding groove 351, the third connecting plate 363 is fixedly connected to the second slider 361, the third connecting plate 363 is fixedly connected to the clamping block 364, and the base 5 is provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 52, and the clamping block 364 cooperates with the clamping grooves 52.

[0046] Due to the reaction force received by the connecting unit 34, the connecting unit 34 moves towards the second slider 361, pushing the second slider 361 into the second sliding groove 351 of the first slider 35. The third connecting plate 363 is fixed to the side of the second slider 361, and the second slider 361 drives the third connecting plate 363 to slide downward together. The clamping block 364 is fixed to the third connecting plate 363, and the clamping block 364 cooperates with a plurality of clamping grooves 52 provided on the base 5, so that the clamping block 364 moves with the third connecting plate 363, and the clamping block 364 is clamped into the clamping groove 52 to lock the first slider 35 and the base 5, making their connection temporarily fastened. When the base 5 moves in the reverse direction, the connecting unit 34 leaves the second slider 361, and the elastic force of the third spring 362 is released to reset the second slider 361, thereby driving the clamping block 364 to reset.

[0047] As Figure 3 and Figure 8 shown, the moving unit 37 includes a second sliding rod 371, a fourth spring 372, and a fixing block 373. The first slider 35 is provided with a third sliding groove 352, the second sliding rod 371 is slidably connected to the third sliding groove 352, the fourth spring 372 is sleeved outside the second sliding rod 371, one end of the fourth spring 372 is fixedly connected to the fixing block 373, the other end of the fourth spring 372 is fixedly connected to the first slider 35, the fixing block 373 is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod 371, and the disc 28 is provided with a guiding groove 281, and the second sliding rod 371 is slidably connected to the guiding groove 281.

[0048] The disc 28 is provided with a guiding groove 281, and the second slide bar 371 can slide on the guiding groove 281. When the disc 28 rotates, the second slide bar 371 slides along the guiding groove 281 until the connecting unit 34 leaves the third sliding groove 352. Through the fourth spring 372 sleeved outside the second slide bar 371, both ends of the fourth spring 372 are respectively fixed to the fixed block 373 and the first slider 35. The fourth spring 372 contracts, causing the second slide bar 371 to slide upward, and the second slide bar 371 leaves the guiding groove 281, so that the second slide bar 371 no longer moves with the rotation of the disc 28.

[0049] As Figure 8 shown, the connecting unit 34 includes a connecting block 341, a fifth spring 342, and a third slider 343. The connecting block 341 is fixedly connected to the sliding seat 33. The connecting block 341 is provided with a fourth sliding groove 3411. The fifth spring 342 is placed in the fourth sliding groove 3411, and the third slider 343 is slidably connected to the fourth sliding groove 3411.

[0050] The connecting block 341 is fixed on the sliding seat 33. The connecting block 341 is provided with a fourth sliding groove 3411. A fifth spring 342 is arranged in the fourth sliding groove 3411. The third slider 343 can slide into the fourth sliding groove 3411 to compress the fifth spring 342, and the fifth spring 342 can also release elastic force to reset the third slider 343.

[0051] Working principle: The workpiece is placed at the center on the outer shell 1. The motor 21 drives the first drive shaft 22 to rotate, driving the first gear 23 to rotate. The first gear 23 drives four second gears 25 to rotate. The four second gears 25 drive the internal gear ring 26 to rotate, causing the disc 28 to rotate. The second slide rod 371 slides along the guide groove 281. The four second slide rods 371 drive four clamping plates 311. Under the action of the cross shaft 313, the clamping plates 311 are in contact with the workpiece. When all the clamping plates 311 are in contact with the workpiece, the connecting block 341 slides towards the second slider 361 under the reaction force, pushing the second slider 361 into the second sliding groove 351 of the first slider 35, thereby driving the locking block 364 to engage into the clamping groove 52, locking the first slider 35 and the base 5. At the same time, the second slide rod 371 slides out of the guide groove 281 and leaves the disc 28. The second spring 29 releases its elastic force, causing the mounting plate 27 to move upward, driving the second gear 25 to move upward. The second gear 25 slides into the tooth groove 51 that meshes with it. At the same time, the meshing between the second gear 25 and the internal gear ring 26 is disengaged. The first gear 23 continues to rotate, causing the second gear 25 to drive the base 5 to move, clamping the workpiece with the clamping plates 311. Through the four connecting pipes 41, the four first sliding grooves 331 are interconnected with each other, making the pressure exerted by the four clamping plates 311 on the workpiece uniform. At the same time, the first slide rod 32 can slide into the first sliding groove 331, and the hydraulic oil flows back to the storage tank 421, causing the sliding plate 43 to slide downward and compressing the first spring 44, thereby adjusting the pressure to avoid damage to the workpiece caused by excessive pressure. When it is necessary to loosen the workpiece, the motor 21 rotates in reverse to drive the base 5 to move in the reverse direction, causing the connecting block 341 to leave the second slider 361. The third spring 362 releases its elastic force, causing the second slider 361 to drive the locking block 364 to reset, restoring the sliding state of the base 5, thereby loosening the workpiece. At the same time, the elastic force of the four reset springs 6 fixed on the outer shell 1 is released, resetting the four bases 5.

[0052] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clamping device with an adaptive function, characterized in that: The clamping device includes a housing (1), a driving mechanism (2), a clamping mechanism (3), a balancing mechanism (4), a base (5), and a return spring (6). The housing (1) is rotatably connected to the driving mechanism (2). There are four clamping mechanisms (3), and the four clamping mechanisms (3) are slidably connected to the housing (1). The balancing mechanism (4) is slidably connected to the housing (1). The clamping mechanism (3) is fixedly connected to the balancing mechanism (4). There are four bases (5), and the four bases (5) are slidably connected to the four clamping mechanisms (3). There are four return springs (6), and the four return springs (6) are fixedly connected to the four bases (5). The four return springs (6) are fixedly connected to the housing (1).

2. The clamping device with an adaptive function according to claim 1, wherein: The clamping mechanism (3) includes a fitting unit (31), a first slide bar (32), a slide seat (33), a connecting unit (34), a first slider (35), a self-locking unit (36), and a moving unit (37). The fitting unit (31) is fixedly connected to the first slide bar (32). The slide seat (33) is provided with a first sliding groove (331), and the first slide bar (32) is slidably connected to the first sliding groove (331). The slide seat (33) is fixedly connected to the connecting unit (34). The slide seat (33) is slidably connected to the housing (1). The first slider (35) is slidably connected to the connecting unit (34). The housing (1) is provided with a slot (11), and the connecting unit (34) is slidably connected to the slot (11). The self-locking unit (36) is fixedly connected to the first slider (35). The moving unit (37) is fixedly connected to the first slider (35). The first slider (35) is slidably connected to the base (5).

3. The clamping device with an adaptive function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The balancing mechanism (4) includes a connecting pipe (41), a hydraulic tank (42), a sliding plate (43), and a first spring (44). There are four connecting pipes (41), and the four connecting pipes (41) communicate with the four first sliding grooves (331). The hydraulic tank (42) is fixedly connected to the housing (1). The hydraulic tank (42) communicates with the four connecting pipes (41). The hydraulic tank (42) is provided with a storage groove (421), and the sliding plate (43) is slidably connected to the storage groove (421). The first spring (44) is placed in the storage groove (421), and the first spring (44) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (43).

4. The clamping device with an adaptive function according to claim 3, wherein: The driving mechanism (2) includes a motor (21), a first transmission shaft (22), a first gear (23), a second transmission shaft (24), a second gear (25), an internal gear ring (26), a mounting plate (27), a disc (28), and a second spring (29). The motor (21) is fixedly connected to the hydraulic tank (42). The output end of the motor (21) is fixedly connected to the first transmission shaft (22). The first transmission shaft (22) is in transmission connection with the first gear (23). There are four second gears (25). The four second gears (25) are meshed with the first gear (23). There are four second transmission shafts (24). The four second transmission shafts (24) are respectively in transmission connection with the four second gears (25). The internal gear ring (26) is meshed with the four second gears (25). The internal gear ring (26) is fixedly connected to the disc (28). The mounting plate (27) is rotatably connected to the four second transmission shafts (24). The second spring (29) is fixedly connected to the mounting plate (27). The second spring (29) is fixedly connected to the disc (28). The base (5) is provided with a tooth groove (51). The tooth groove (51) is meshed with the second gear (25).

5. The clamping device with an adaptive function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fitting unit (31) includes a clamping plate (311), a first connecting plate (312), a cross shaft (313), and a second connecting plate (314). The clamping plate (311) is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate (312). The cross shaft (313) is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate (312). The cross shaft (313) is rotatably connected to the second connecting plate (314). The second connecting plate (314) is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod (32).

6. The clamping device with an adaptive function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The self-locking unit (36) includes a second slider (361), a third spring (362), a third connecting plate (363), and a clamping block (364). The first slider (35) is provided with a second sliding groove (351). The second slider (361) is slidably connected to the second sliding groove (351). The third spring (362) is placed in the second sliding groove (351). The third connecting plate (363) is fixedly connected to the second slider (361). The third connecting plate (363) is fixedly connected to the clamping block (364). The base (5) is provided with a plurality of clamping slots (52). The clamping block (364) is matched with the clamping slots (52).

7. The clamping device with an adaptive function according to claim 6, wherein: The moving unit (37) includes a second sliding rod (371), a fourth spring (372), and a fixing block (373). The first slider (35) is provided with a third sliding groove (352). The second sliding rod (371) is slidably connected to the third sliding groove (352). The fourth spring (372) is sleeved outside the second sliding rod (371). One end of the fourth spring (372) is fixedly connected to the fixing block (373), and the other end of the fourth spring (372) is fixedly connected to the first slider (35). The fixing block (373) is fixedly connected to the second sliding rod (371). The disc (28) is provided with a guiding groove (281), and the second sliding rod (371) is slidably connected to the guiding groove (281).

8. The clamping device with an adaptive function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting unit (34) includes a connecting block (341), a fifth spring (342), and a third slider (343). The connecting block (341) is fixedly connected to the sliding seat (33). The connecting block (341) is provided with a fourth sliding groove (3411). The fifth spring (342) is placed in the fourth sliding groove (3411). The third slider (343) is slidably connected to the fourth sliding groove (3411).

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