New energy heavy truck battery replacement hydraulic locking mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a new energy heavy truck battery replacement hydraulic locking mechanism in the technical field, which comprises a hydraulic cylinder body, a cylinder body upper cover fixedly arranged at the top of the hydraulic cylinder body, a piston assembly arranged in the hydraulic cylinder body and capable of moving up and down and rotating forwards and backwards, and a first oil port formed in the upper part of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body, the first oil port is formed in the lower portion of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body, the second oil port is formed in the lower portion of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body, the first oil hole is formed in the lower portion of the first oil port, the second oil hole and the third oil hole are formed in the other side of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the magnetic ring used for adsorbing the piston assembly is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the cylinder body upper cover. Locking and stopping can be achieved at any position within the stroke range, the flexibility and applicability of the device are enhanced, multiple positions of the battery box can be locked through one hydraulic system, the pressing plate can move up and down and rotate by controlling the hydraulic valve, and the device is suitable for locking application of the heavy truck battery box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of electric vehicle battery swapping, and particularly to a battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy vehicle industry, pure electric vehicles, as important clean energy transportation tools, have received strong support from the government for their promotion and application. However, due to the limitations of current battery technology, the energy density of the battery box has not reached an ideal level, resulting in longer charging times and shorter cruising ranges for electric vehicles, which have become key factors restricting their further popularization. To solve this problem, battery swapping technology has emerged, aiming to shorten the energy replenishment time of electric heavy trucks by quickly replacing the battery box and improve the usability.

[0003] Currently, for example, the patent with the publication number CN216033894U discloses a hydraulic lock with a manual unlocking function; it includes a hydraulic lock mounting plate, a main locking mechanism, a secondary locking mechanism, an automatic unlocking device, and a manual unlocking device provided on the hydraulic lock mounting plate. The automatic unlocking device is an oil cylinder provided on the hydraulic lock mounting plate through an oil cylinder bracket, and the telescopic part of the oil cylinder cooperates with the secondary locking mechanism to make it in a locked or unlocked state. When a circuit failure occurs in a new energy battery swapping heavy truck, the manual unlocking device can cooperate with the secondary locking mechanism to make it in a locked or unlocked state, thus solving the situation in the prior art where the battery pack cannot be replaced due to a circuit failure, greatly saving time and avoiding unnecessary troubles.

[0004] However, there are some problems in the prior art: However, in the existing battery swapping technology, the locking mechanisms of quick-change battery boxes are often large in size, small in locking force, and unreliable in locking, which not only affects the convenience of battery swapping operations but also reduces the reliability of battery swapping facilities, restricting the large-scale popularization and application of the battery swapping mode. Therefore, developing a quick-change battery box locking device with a smaller size, a greater locking force, and high reliability is of great significance for promoting the development of pure electric vehicle battery swapping technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism to solve the problems in the background art.

[0006] The object of the present invention is achieved as follows: A new energy heavy truck battery replacement hydraulic locking mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder body, a cylinder body upper cover fixedly arranged on the top of the hydraulic cylinder body, a piston assembly arranged in the hydraulic cylinder body that can move up and down and rotate forward and backward, a sensor fixedly arranged in the cylinder body upper cover for measuring position, a first oil port arranged on the upper part of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body, a second oil port arranged on the lower part of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body, a first oil hole arranged below the first oil port, a second oil hole and a third oil hole arranged on the other side of the hydraulic cylinder body, and a magnetic ring fixedly arranged on the inner side of the cylinder body upper cover for adsorbing the piston assembly.

[0007] Further, the piston assembly includes a piston rod that penetrates the cylinder body upper cover and is movably located in the hydraulic cylinder body. The bottom end of the piston rod is connected by a flat key to a piston upper plate, a segmented cylindrical gear, and a piston plate. The segmented cylindrical gear is located between the piston upper plate and the piston plate.

[0008] Further, the piston plate is fixedly connected to the piston rod. The flat key is fixedly arranged at the angle between the piston plate and the piston rod. The piston upper plate and the segmented cylindrical gear are installed on the piston plate and the piston rod by key engagement with the flat key.

[0009] Further, the second oil port includes a first oil delivery channel arranged inside the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body. The end of the first oil delivery channel is communicated with a first overflow hole that communicates with the hydraulic cylinder body. The end of the first oil delivery channel is threadedly connected with a first sealing adapter.

[0010] Further, the first oil hole includes a second oil delivery channel that communicates with the hydraulic cylinder body. The second oil delivery channel is communicated with the first oil port through a second overflow hole. The end of the first oil port is also threadedly connected with a first sealing adapter. The end of the first oil hole is threadedly connected with a first plug.

[0011] Further, the segmented cylindrical gear includes a first tooth and a second tooth. The central angles of the first tooth and the second tooth are arranged at [specific degrees]. The first tooth and the second tooth each include [specific number of teeth], and the adjacent teeth are spaced at [specific degrees].

[0012] Further, the second oil hole and the third oil hole respectively include a third oil delivery channel and a fourth oil delivery channel that penetrate the hydraulic cylinder body. The third oil delivery channel and the fourth oil delivery channel are connected through a fifth oil delivery channel. The ends of the third oil delivery channel and the fourth oil delivery channel are respectively threadedly connected with a second plug and a third plug.

[0013] Further, two detection columns are embedded and installed on one side of the piston rod. The two detection columns are respectively arranged corresponding to the sensors, and the sensors are used to detect the positions of the detection columns.

[0014] Further, a pressing plate is fixedly provided at the top end of the piston rod. The length dimension of the pressing plate is greater than the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder body, and the pressing plate is used to lock the cover plate of the external battery box.

[0015] Further, a notch is formed at the upper end edge of the upper piston plate. The notch is used to allow the oil fluid to flow into the upper part of the upper piston plate, thereby pushing the piston assembly to move downward.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The device of the present invention has a simple structure, a large locking force, and the locking device has a stepless locking ability. It can achieve locking at any position within the stroke range, and the stroke is relatively long. This further enhances the flexibility and applicability of the device. Only one set of hydraulic system is required to lock multiple parts of the battery box. By controlling the hydraulic valve, the up-and-down movement and rotation operation of the pressing plate can be realized. The structure is simple and the locking force is large, which is more suitable for the locking application of heavy truck battery boxes; The magnetic ring fixed on the cylinder head cover can provide magnetic suction force to keep the piston in the upper position. The oil circuit on the side of the cylinder body introduces high-pressure oil into the gear cavity of the segmented cylindrical gear. The number of teeth of the two parts of the segmented cylindrical gear driven by the piston assembly is limited. After the piston assembly rotates 90 degrees, the oil fluid cannot enter the gear cavity to push the gear to rotate. When the oil fluid enters from the upper oil port of the hydraulic cylinder body, the oil fluid directly flows into another gear cavity of the segmented cylindrical gear through the oil circuit on the cylinder body, pushing the piston assembly to rotate reversely by 90 degrees. Then the oil fluid flows into the upper part of the piston assembly through the notch of the upper piston plate, pushing the piston assembly to move downward; the high-pressure oil flows into the lower part of the piston assembly through the second oil port at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder body through the first overflow hole, and pushes the piston assembly to move upward with a smaller pressure; during the locking movement process, through the control of the valve, the second oil port at the lower part of the hydraulic cylinder body is the oil outlet, and the first oil port at the upper part is the oil inlet. The high-pressure oil flows into the upper part of the piston assembly through the notch of the upper piston plate, pushing the piston assembly to move downward, realizing the locking and unlocking process. Description of the Drawings

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0018] Figure 1Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of one side structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the sectional structure of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the piston assembly of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 5 One of the sectional schematic diagrams of the segmented cylindrical gear of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 6 Another sectional schematic diagram of the segmented cylindrical gear of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 7 Sectional schematic diagram of one side of the pressing plate of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 8 Sectional schematic diagram of the present invention near the first oil port.

[0026] Figure 9 Control schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0027] Wherein, 101, hydraulic cylinder body; 102, cylinder head cover; 103, piston assembly; 1031, piston rod; 1032, piston upper plate; 1033, segmented cylindrical gear; 10331, first tooth; 10332, second tooth; 1034, flat key; 1035, notch; 1036, detection column; 1037, piston plate; 104, pressing plate; 105, sensor; 106, first oil hole; 1061, second oil delivery channel; 1062, second overflow hole; 1063, first plug; 107, first oil port; 108, second oil hole; 1081, third oil delivery channel; 1082, second plug; 109, third oil hole; 1091, fourth oil delivery channel; 1092, third plug; 1093, fifth oil delivery channel; 110, second oil port; 1101, first oil delivery channel; 1102, first overflow hole; 1103, first sealing adapter; 111, magnetic ring. Detailed implementation manners

[0028] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] As Figures 1-9As shown in the figure, a new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder body 101, a cylinder head cover 102 fixedly arranged on the top of the hydraulic cylinder body 101, a piston assembly 103 that can move up and down and rotate forward and backward in the hydraulic cylinder body 101, a sensor 105 fixedly arranged in the cylinder head cover 102 for measuring the position, a first oil port 107 arranged on the upper part of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body 101, a second oil port 110 arranged on the lower part of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body 101, a first oil hole 106 arranged below the first oil port 107, a second oil hole 108 and a third oil hole 109 arranged on the other side of the hydraulic cylinder body 101, and a magnetic ring 111 fixedly arranged on the inner side of the cylinder head cover 102 for adsorbing the piston assembly 103.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, the piston assembly 103 includes a piston rod 1031 that penetrates through the cylinder head cover 102 and is movably located in the hydraulic cylinder body 101. The bottom end of the piston rod 1031 is snap-connected with a piston upper plate 1032, a segmented cylindrical gear 1033, and a piston plate 1037 through a flat key 1034. The segmented cylindrical gear 1033 is located between the piston upper plate 1032 and the piston plate 1037. The piston plate 1037 is fixedly connected to the piston rod 1031. The flat key 1034 is fixedly arranged at the included angle between the piston plate 1037 and the piston rod 1031. The piston upper plate 1032 and the segmented cylindrical gear 1033 are snap-mounted on the piston plate 1037 and the piston rod 1031 through the flat key 1034. It should be noted that the piston upper plate 1032, the segmented cylindrical gear 1033, and the piston plate 1037 are connected together by the flat key 1034 and move simultaneously without relative rotational displacement; the piston upper plate 1032, the segmented cylindrical gear 1033, and the piston plate 1037 are relatively fixed. Through the cooperation of the flat key 1034, the piston assembly 103 is arranged inside the hydraulic cylinder body 101 and can move up and down and rotate forward and backward.

[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, the second oil port 110 includes a first oil delivery channel 1101 arranged inside the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body 101. The end of the first oil delivery channel 1101 is communicated with a first overflow hole 1102 that is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder body 101. The end of the first oil delivery channel 1101 is threadedly connected with a first sealing adapter 1103. It should be noted that there is a first oil delivery channel 1101 at the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body 101. The first overflow hole 1102 of this first oil delivery channel 1101 flows to the bottom of the piston. The aperture of the first overflow hole 1102 is small, which can achieve the effect of pressure reduction, and can push the piston assembly 103 upward with a smaller force to prevent the piston assembly 103 from impacting the cylinder body.

[0032] In this embodiment, preferably, the first oil hole 106 includes a second oil delivery channel 1061 communicating with the hydraulic cylinder block 101. The second oil delivery channel 1061 is communicated with the first oil port 107 through a second overflow hole 1062. The end of the first oil port 107 is also threadedly connected with a first sealing adapter 1103, and the end of the first oil hole 106 is threadedly connected with a first plug 1063. It should be noted that a first oil hole 106 is provided at the upper end of the hydraulic cylinder block 101. The second oil delivery channel 1061 and the second overflow hole 1062 in the first oil hole 106 are interconnected. To improve the sealing of the oil, the end of the first oil port 107 is threadedly connected with a first sealing adapter 1103, and the end of the first oil hole 106 is threadedly connected with a first plug 1063. The oil can flow into or out of the hydraulic cylinder block 101 through the first oil hole 106.

[0033] In this embodiment, preferably, the segmented spur gear 1033 includes a first tooth 10331 and a second tooth 10332. The central angles of the first tooth 10331 and the second tooth 10332 are arranged at 100 degrees. The first tooth 10331 and the second tooth 10332 each include 8 teeth, and the adjacent teeth are spaced 15 degrees apart. It should be noted that the setting of the first tooth 10331 and the second tooth 10332 facilitates the input of oil, and then drives the segmented spur gear 1033 to rotate.

[0034] In this embodiment, preferably, the second oil hole 108 and the third oil hole 109 respectively include a third oil delivery channel 1081 and a fourth oil delivery channel 1091 penetrating through the hydraulic cylinder block 101. The third oil delivery channel 1081 and the fourth oil delivery channel 1091 are communicated through a fifth oil delivery channel 1093. The ends of the third oil delivery channel 1081 and the fourth oil delivery channel 1091 are respectively threadedly connected with a second plug 1082 and a third plug 1092. A notch 1035 is formed at the upper end edge of the piston upper plate 1032. The notch 1035 is used to allow the oil to flow above the piston upper plate 1032, thereby pushing the piston assembly 103 downward. It should be noted that when the piston assembly 103 moves to the upper limit position, the high-pressure oil below the piston assembly 103 flows through the third oil delivery channel 1081, from the third oil delivery channel 1081 to the fourth oil delivery channel 1091, and flows into the gear cavity of the segmented spur gear 1033, pushing the piston assembly 103 to rotate. When the piston assembly 103 rotates to the position as shown in Figure 5 the shown position, the high-pressure oil cannot flow into the gear cavity, so the rotation movement stops. At this position, the sensor 105 recognizes the position signal and controls the hydraulic valve to work, so that the locking mechanism is in the unlocked state. When the piston assembly 103 is in the upper position and a locking movement is to be performed, high-pressure oil flows from the second oil delivery passage 1061 into the gear cavity of the segmented cylindrical gear 1033 via the second overflow hole 1062, driving the piston assembly 103 to rotate. During the rotation of the piston, when the oil passes through the first oil port 107, it is blocked by the piston upper plate 1032, and the oil cannot enter above the piston assembly 103 to push it downward. When the piston assembly 103 rotates to the position as shown in Figure 6 , the high-pressure oil cannot flow into the gear cavity, thus stopping the rotational movement. At this position, the first oil port 107 is aligned with the notch 1035 of the piston upper plate 1032, and the oil flows through this notch 1035 into the upper part of the piston upper plate 1032, pushing the piston assembly 103 downward.

[0035] In this embodiment, preferably, two detection columns 1036 are embedded and installed on one side of the piston rod 1031. The two detection columns 1036 are respectively arranged corresponding to the sensor 105, and the sensor 105 is used to detect the position of the detection column 1036. It should be noted that by using the sensor 105 to perform corresponding detection on the detection column 1036, it is convenient to detect the moving position of the piston rod 1031 and determine the position information.

[0036] In this embodiment, preferably, a pressing plate 104 is fixedly provided at the top of the piston rod 1031. The length dimension of the pressing plate 104 is greater than the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder body 101, and the pressing plate 104 is used to lock the cover plate of the external battery box.

[0037] It should be noted that through the lifting adjustment and rotation of the pressing plate 104, the pressing plate 104 can lock the cover plate of the external battery box.

[0038] Combined with Figure 9 , in state 1, neither the electromagnet 1YA nor the 2YA is energized. At this time, the locking mechanism maintains the upper limit state; in state 2, the electromagnet 2YA is energized, and the locking mechanism first rotates 90° and then moves downward and finally locks the battery box; in state 3, the electromagnet 1YA is energized, and the locking mechanism moves upward to the upper limit and rotates 90°. In this way, the locking and unlocking of the battery box are realized by reciprocating.

[0039] The specific process of this application is as follows: When the unlocking signal is issued, the electromagnet 1YA of the hydraulic valve is energized. High-pressure oil flows from the first oil delivery channel 1101 and the first overflow hole 1102 of the second oil port 110 into the lower part of the piston assembly 103 inside the hydraulic cylinder block 101. Low-pressure oil flows out of the hydraulic cylinder block 101 from the first oil port 107 and returns to the fuel tank. At this time, the piston assembly 103 moves upward. And the first overflow hole 1102 is a relatively small oil port, which plays a role in decompression, and pushes the piston assembly 103 upward with a lower pressure; when the piston assembly 103 moves to the upper limit position, the high-pressure oil flows into the second oil hole 108 through the third oil hole 109 located below the piston assembly 103. At this time, the second oil hole 108 is exactly opposite to the second tooth 10332 of the segmented cylindrical gear 1033, pushing the piston assembly 103 to rotate forward. When it rotates to the specified position, the sensor 105 detects the position signal through the detection column 1036. At this time, the electromagnet 1YA stops working, and the magnetic ring 111 attracts the piston assembly 103 at the high position and maintains this state. When receiving the unlocking signal, the electromagnet 2YA works. High-pressure oil flows into the hydraulic cylinder block 101 from the first oil port 107, and low-pressure oil flows out of the hydraulic cylinder block 101 from the second oil port 110, causing the oil to flow back to the fuel tank through the first oil delivery channel 1101 and the first overflow hole 1102. At this time, the high-pressure oil cannot flow into the upper part of the piston assembly 103 through the notch 1035. Therefore, the high-pressure oil can only flow directly through the second oil delivery channel 1061 to the first tooth 10331 of the segmented cylindrical gear 1033, causing the piston assembly 103 to rotate at the upper limit position. When it rotates to the specified position, the high-pressure oil can flow into the upper part of the piston upper plate 1032 through the notch 1035, driving the piston assembly 103 to move downward until the battery box is locked, completing the locking action, that is, through the lifting adjustment and rotation of the pressing plate 104, the pressing plate 104 can lock the cover of the external battery box; and there is an oil circuit reversing valve in the oil circuit, which can maintain the oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinder block 101 for a long time, so that the piston assembly 103 will not move when subjected to external forces.

[0040] The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art of this technology, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism, characterized in that: It includes a hydraulic cylinder body (101), a cylinder head cover (102) fixedly arranged on the top of the hydraulic cylinder body (101), a piston assembly (103) arranged in the hydraulic cylinder body (101) that can move up and down and rotate in both forward and reverse directions, a sensor (105) fixedly arranged in the cylinder head cover (102) for measuring position, a first oil port (107) arranged at the upper part of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body (101), a second oil port (110) arranged at the lower part of one side of the hydraulic cylinder body (101), a first oil hole (106) arranged below the first oil port (107), a second oil hole (108) and a third oil hole (109) arranged on the other side of the hydraulic cylinder body (101), and a magnetic ring (111) fixedly arranged on the inner side of the cylinder head cover (102) for adsorbing the piston assembly (103).

2. The new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The piston assembly (103) includes a piston rod (1031) that penetrates the cylinder head cover (102) and is movably located in the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The bottom end of the piston rod (1031) is snap-connected with a piston upper plate (1032), a segmented cylindrical gear (1033), and a piston plate (1037) through a flat key (1034). The segmented cylindrical gear (1033) is located between the piston upper plate (1032) and the piston plate (1037).

3. The new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The piston plate (1037) is fixedly connected to the piston rod (1031). The flat key (1034) is fixedly arranged at the included angle between the piston plate (1037) and the piston rod (1031). The piston upper plate (1032) and the segmented cylindrical gear (1033) are snap-mounted on the piston plate (1037) and the piston rod (1031) through the flat key (1034).

4. The electric - vehicle - powered heavy - duty truck battery - swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The second oil port (110) includes a first oil delivery channel (1101) arranged inside the bottom of the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The end of the first oil delivery channel (1101) is communicated with a first overflow hole (1102) that is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The end of the first oil delivery channel (1101) is threadedly connected with a first sealing adapter (1103).

5. The electro-hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping of a new energy heavy truck according to claim 1, wherein: The first oil hole (106) includes a second oil delivery channel (1061) that is communicated with the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The second oil delivery channel (1061) is communicated with the first oil port (107) through a second overflow hole (1062). The end of the first oil port (107) is also threadedly connected with a first sealing adapter (1103). The end of the first oil hole (106) is threadedly connected with a first plug (1063).

6. The new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 2, wherein: The segmented cylindrical gear (1033) includes a first tooth (10331) and a second tooth (10332). The central angles of the first tooth (10331) and the second tooth (10332) are arranged at 100 degrees. The first tooth (10331) and the second tooth (10332) each include 8 teeth, and the adjacent teeth are spaced 15 degrees apart.

7. The new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second oil hole (108) and the third oil hole (109) respectively include a third oil delivery channel (1081) and a fourth oil delivery channel (1091) that penetrate the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The third oil delivery channel (1081) and the fourth oil delivery channel (1091) are connected through a fifth oil delivery channel (1093). Second plugs (1082) and third plugs (1092) are respectively threadedly connected to the end portions of the third oil delivery channel (1081) and the fourth oil delivery channel (1091).

8. A new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: Two detection columns (1036) are embedded and installed on one side of the piston rod (1031). The two detection columns (1036) are respectively arranged corresponding to the sensor (105). The sensor (105) is used to detect the position of the detection column (1036).

9. The electro-hydraulic locking mechanism for battery swapping of a new energy heavy truck according to claim 2, wherein: A pressing plate (104) is fixedly provided at the top end of the piston rod (1031). The length dimension of the pressing plate (104) is greater than the diameter of the hydraulic cylinder body (101). The pressing plate (104) is used to lock the cover plate of an external battery box.

10. A new energy heavy truck battery swapping hydraulic locking mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: A notch (1035) is formed at the upper end edge of the piston upper plate (1032). The notch (1035) is used to allow oil to flow into the upper part of the piston upper plate (1032), thereby pushing the piston assembly (103) to move downward.

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