Rapid hoisting equipment for instruments

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of cranes, and particularly discloses rapid hoisting equipment for an instrument, an emergency supporting mechanism can immediately perform emergency jacking on a jacking frame when an air cylinder is in an abnormal working state, the emergency supporting mechanism and the air cylinder are arranged in parallel, and when the air cylinder loses jacking force due to power failure, faults and damage, the emergency supporting mechanism can immediately perform emergency jacking on the jacking frame; the emergency supporting mechanism prevents the heavy object from falling suddenly through multiple times of buffering. According to the structure, traditional single cylinder supporting is replaced by mechanical load transfer, force transmission is achieved through physical contact at the moment that the cylinder loses efficacy, electric control signals or external energy intervention is not needed, the risks of equipment damage and heavy object out-of-control caused by pressure loss of the cylinder are effectively prevented, and the system reliability is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of cranes, and particularly to a rapid lifting and hoisting device for instruments. Background Art

[0002] As an essential key equipment in modern industry, lifting and hoisting equipment is widely used in fields such as logistics transportation, construction, equipment manufacturing, and port operations. Its main function is to lift and transport heavy objects through a power drive system, greatly improving the handling efficiency of heavy materials and reducing labor costs and operation risks. In special scenarios such as medical rescue and precision instrument installation, lifting equipment is required to have rapid response, precise positioning, and high safety to meet the diverse needs under complex working conditions.

[0003] Traditional lifting equipment usually consists of a lifting support, a power drive unit, a control system, and a transfer system. Common power drive units include hydraulic cylinders, air cylinders, etc. Taking pneumatic lifting equipment as an example, its core power source is an air cylinder. Compressed gas is used to drive the piston rod to reciprocate, transmitting the power to the lifting support. The control system controls the lifting speed and hovering angle of the air cylinder to lift the heavy object from a horizontal state to a vertical state. The heavy object in the vertical state is then transferred to the required position by the transfer system, thus realizing the lifting and transfer of the heavy object. During the lifting process, the air cylinder continuously outputs a lifting force to balance the gravity of the load and maintains a stable state through a solenoid valve or a mechanical locking device. Such equipment has become the mainstream choice for medium and small lifting scenarios due to its simple structure and rapid response.

[0004] However, in the event of unexpected situations such as sudden power failure, gas source interruption, or cylinder leakage in conventional pneumatic lifting equipment, the air cylinder will instantly lose its lifting force, causing the lifted heavy object to rapidly fall due to loss of support. During this process, the piston rod is prone to bending deformation due to reverse impact loads, and the sealing ring may rupture and fail under high-speed friction, thereby causing structural damage to the air cylinder. At the same time, the uncontrolled fall of the heavy object not only threatens the safety of on-site personnel but also may cause serious consequences such as collision damage to precision instruments and loss of equipment installation accuracy. Although some equipment uses electric braking or backup power as emergency measures, problems such as response delay and dependence on external energy still make it difficult to achieve effective buffering and rigid locking at the moment of power failure, and the safety hazards cannot be completely eliminated. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the defects of existing pneumatic lifting equipment, such as the out-of-control fall of heavy objects, equipment damage, and high operation safety risks caused by the failure of the air cylinder in the event of sudden power failure or gas source interruption, this application provides a rapid lifting and hoisting device for instruments.

[0006] A rapid lifting and hoisting device for instruments provided by this application adopts the following technical solutions: A rapid lifting and hoisting device for an instrument, comprising a lifting frame, a cylinder, a jacking frame, a control mechanism and a transfer mechanism. The end of the cylinder is rotatably installed on the lifting frame. One end of the jacking frame is rotatably installed on the lifting frame. The top of the cylinder is rotatably connected to the bottom of the jacking frame. The control mechanism is electrically connected to the cylinder. The transfer mechanism is arranged above the lifting frame and is used for hoisting and transferring the top of a heavy object when the jacking frame is lifted to a vertical state. An emergency support mechanism is further arranged on the lifting frame. The emergency support mechanism emergently jacks up the jacking frame when the cylinder is in an abnormal working state.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, the emergency support mechanism can immediately emergently jack up the jacking frame when the cylinder is in an abnormal working state. The emergency support mechanism is arranged in parallel with the cylinder. When the cylinder loses its jacking force due to power failure, malfunction or damage, the emergency support mechanism avoids the sudden fall of the heavy object through multiple buffers. This structure uses mechanical load transfer to replace the traditional single-cylinder support, realizes force transmission through physical contact at the moment of cylinder failure, and does not need to rely on electric control signals or external energy intervention, effectively preventing the equipment damage and the risk of heavy object out of control caused by cylinder pressure loss, and significantly improving the system reliability.

[0008] Optionally, two groups of emergency jacking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the cylinder on the left and right. Each group of emergency jacking mechanisms includes two emergency compression cylinders, a deceleration and falling structure arranged in the two emergency compression cylinders, a positioning component arranged at the bottoms of the two emergency compression cylinders, and a locking component arranged between the two emergency compression cylinders and used for locking the distance between the two. One ends of the two emergency compression cylinders are rotatably installed on the lifting frame at intervals, and the other ends are rotatably installed on the jacking frame at intervals. The deceleration and falling structure is used for performing primary buffering on the falling heavy object. The positioning component unlocks the bottoms of the two emergency compression cylinders after the action of the deceleration and falling structure. The locking component performs secondary buffering and locking positioning on the falling heavy object after the bottoms of the two emergency compression cylinders are unlocked.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, each group includes two emergency compression cylinders and supporting deceleration and falling structures, positioning components and locking components, forming a multi-stage buffering protection mechanism. When the cylinder fails, the deceleration and falling structure first performs primary buffering on the falling heavy object through mechanical friction or fluid damping to reduce the initial impact force. Subsequently, the positioning component unlocks the bottoms of the emergency compression cylinders, allowing the compression cylinders to move along a predetermined path. Finally, the locking component realizes secondary buffering and positioning through rigid engagement. This design disperses the impact load and avoids overload of a single-point structure through staged energy consumption and locking, ensuring the stability of the heavy object during the slow descent process.

[0010] Optionally, the decelerating and falling structure includes a receiving groove, steel balls, and an opening groove. The emergency compression cylinder includes a support rod and a compression cylinder. One end of the support rod is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting frame, and the other end is slidably and sealingly inserted into the compression cylinder. The end of the compression cylinder away from the support rod is connected to the lifting frame; A plurality of groups of the receiving grooves are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the compression cylinder. A plurality of steel balls are provided corresponding to each of the receiving grooves. Each of the steel balls is located in the corresponding receiving groove. The receiving groove is wide at the middle position and narrow at both ends close to the ends. The steel balls can seal the ends of the receiving groove. A plurality of opening grooves are provided corresponding to each of the receiving grooves, and the opening grooves communicate the two ends of the receiving groove with the inner and outer sides of the compression cylinder respectively.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the support rod slides into the compression cylinder due to the falling of the heavy object, the steel balls are extruded by air and move outwards in the receiving groove. During the movement process, frictional resistance is generated between the steel balls and the edge of the opening groove. At the same time, part of the steel balls seal the end of the receiving groove to form a partial seal, resulting in a gradual increase in the air pressure in the compression cylinder. This structure utilizes the rolling friction of the steel balls and the dynamic change of the sealing state, which does not affect the operation of the cylinder in the normal state of the cylinder, and realizes controllable deceleration without external energy in the abnormal state of the cylinder, reducing the damage of the initial impact to the equipment.

[0012] Optionally, the positioning component includes a first piston plate, an elastic member, a second piston plate, and a locking rod. The first piston plate is slidably and sealingly arranged in the inner cavity of the end of the compression cylinder away from the support rod. The elastic member is arranged between the first piston plate and the bottom wall of the compression cylinder to provide a force for the first piston plate to move away from the bottom wall of the compression cylinder; A sliding seat is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the compression cylinder. A sliding groove for the sliding seat to slide is formed on the lifting frame, and the length direction of the sliding groove is consistent with the telescopic direction of the end of the emergency compression cylinder. A slot adapted to the locking rod is formed at the bottom of the sliding groove; A liquid storage cavity is formed inside the sliding seat. The second piston plate is slidably and sealingly arranged in the liquid storage cavity. The locking rod is fixedly connected to the second piston plate and extends out of the sliding seat at the end and is inserted into the slot. A connecting pipe is communicated between the bottom of the compression cylinder and the liquid storage cavity.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, when the pressure in the compression cylinder increases due to the falling of a heavy object, air enters the liquid storage cavity through the connecting pipe to push the second piston plate, causing the locking rod to disengage from the slot and releasing the fixation of the sliding seat and the lifting frame. At the same time, the elastic member provides a reverse acting force to the first piston plate, slowing down the impact of the sudden change in pressure in the compression cylinder on the structure. This design ensures that the emergency compression cylinder is only allowed to move after the end of the buffering stage through the coordination of hydraulic transmission and mechanical unlocking, avoiding secondary impacts caused by premature unlocking.

[0014] Optionally, hydraulic oil is installed in the inner cavity at the bottom of the compression cylinder. When the hydraulic oil is transferred from the bottom of the compression cylinder to the liquid storage cavity, the end of the locking rod disengages from the slot.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, when the hydraulic oil flows into the liquid storage cavity under pressure drive, the second piston plate drives the locking rod to withdraw from the slot, releasing the fixed constraint of the sliding seat. This process utilizes the incompressibility of the fluid to achieve precise pressure triggering, ensuring that the unlocking action is synchronized with the buffering stage and avoiding locking failure caused by mechanical delay. At the same time, the kinetic energy is further consumed to some extent during the transfer process of the hydraulic oil through the throttling effect, enhancing the overall buffering performance of the system.

[0016] Optionally, a placement groove for partially accommodating the elastic member is provided at the bottom of the compression cylinder. One end of the elastic member is fixed to the end wall of the placement groove, and a protective cushion layer for collision protection of the first piston plate is fixedly padded at the bottom of the compression cylinder.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the elastic member is stored in the placement groove in a pre-compressed state. When the first piston plate moves towards the bottom of the compression cylinder under impact, the protective cushion layer absorbs the collision energy, preventing the piston plate from rigidly contacting the bottom of the cylinder. This structure combines the storage of elastic potential energy with flexible buffering, reducing the damage to the compression cylinder and the locking rod caused by high-frequency impacts, extending the service life of key components, and ensuring the stable performance of the elastic member after multiple impacts.

[0018] Optionally, the locking assembly includes a pull rod, a rack, a gear column, a rotating rod, a movable disk, and a locking disk. The locking disk is fixedly installed on the lifting frame. The locking disk is annularly arranged, and internal ratchet teeth are provided on the annular inner wall. The movable disk is movably arranged in the annular middle of the locking disk. The movable disk is annularly arranged, and external ratchet teeth that are meshed and matched with the internal ratchet teeth are provided on a part of the outer wall. The external ratchet teeth can only be engaged and fixed with the internal ratchet teeth in one direction; There are two sets of the pull rods and the racks. One ends of the two pull rods are respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding seats, and the two racks are respectively fixed to the other ends of the corresponding pull rods. The gear column and the rotating rod are coaxially fixedly connected and are rotatably installed on the lifting frame. The two racks are respectively meshed with two sides of the gear column. An opening in the shape of "C" is arranged at an end of the rotating rod away from the gear column. A clamping portion is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the movable disk. Two side edges of the end of the rotating rod can respectively abut against two sides of the clamping portion; When the rotating rod rotates with an acceleration, one end of the rotating rod will push one side of the clamping portion, so that the movable disk deflects towards the inner wall of the locking disk, and the inner ratchet teeth and the outer ratchet teeth are engaged.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, when the sliding seat moves, the pull rod drives the rack to drive the gear column to rotate, and the rotating rod rotates accordingly and pushes the movable disk to deflect, so that the outer ratchet teeth are engaged with the inner ratchet teeth of the locking disk. This process uses the gear-rack transmission to convert linear motion into rotational motion, and realizes self-locking through the one-way meshing characteristic of the ratchet teeth. When the falling speed of the heavy object changes suddenly, the acceleration of the rotating rod pushes the movable disk to bite quickly, forming a rigid support, and avoiding the locking failure caused by speed fluctuation of the traditional friction braking.

[0020] Optionally, a scroll spring for resetting the rotating rod is sleeved and installed on the rotating rod.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, the scroll spring is sleeved on the rotating rod. When the rotating rod rotates due to the locking action, the scroll spring stores elastic potential energy; after the load is released, the scroll spring releases the potential energy to drive the rotating rod to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the movable disk is separated from the inner ratchet teeth of the locking disk. This design realizes automatic reset through mechanical energy storage, avoids manual intervention, and at the same time ensures that the locking component can still be accurately reset after multiple actions, preventing the subsequent locking function from decreasing due to structural misalignment.

[0022] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. The rapid lifting and hoisting equipment of the instrument effectively solves the problem that the heavy object gets out of control and falls due to the sudden failure of the cylinder in the traditional equipment through a multi-stage mechanical buffer protection mechanism. In the traditional design, a single cylinder support is prone to cause instantaneous overload when powered off or malfunctioning. However, in this solution, the combined action of the decelerating falling structure and the rigid locking component is adopted, and the energy is dissipated in stages through air pressure damping, hydraulic damping and ratchet tooth meshing, gradually weakening the impact force and avoiding the damage of the structure due to concentrated load, significantly improving the impact resistance of the equipment; 2. Through the all-mechanical zero-delay self-triggering protection mechanism, this device completely eliminates the response lag problem of traditional electric control systems. In the existing series process that relies on sensor signal transmission and actuator actions, there is a risk of millisecond-level delay. However, this solution uses the change in hydraulic oil pressure and gravitational potential energy to directly drive the locking mechanism, achieving physical synchronization of detection and execution. It autonomously starts the buffering program at the moment of cylinder failure, ensuring absolute synchronicity between the protection action and the impact occurrence. 3. The self-resetting and maintenance-free design significantly reduces the operation and maintenance complexity and cost of the device. Traditional mechanical locking requires manual intervention for resetting, which affects the continuous operation efficiency. This solution uses spiral spring energy storage and elastic component redundant protection to automatically restore to the initial state after the load is removed. At the same time, it adopts a closed hydraulic cycle and anti-pollution sealing technology to prevent external impurities from invading key components, greatly extending the maintenance cycle and enabling the device to operate reliably at high frequencies. 4. For harsh working conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, and dust, this device breaks through the environmental limitations of traditional electric control systems through all-mechanical weather resistance design. Electronic components in existing technologies are prone to failure in extreme environments, while this solution can work stably in high humidity or acid-base environments, filling the safety protection gap of traditional lifting equipment in complex industrial scenarios. Description of the Drawings

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0024] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of a rapid lifting and hoisting device for instruments in the embodiments of the present application; Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial structure schematic diagram of a rapid lifting and hoisting device for instruments in; Figure 3 is Figure 2 the structure schematic diagram at the cylinder and emergency compression cylinder in; Figure 4 is Figure 3 the structure schematic diagram at the emergency compression cylinder in; Figure 5 is Figure 4 the internal structure schematic diagram of the emergency compression cylinder in; Figure 6 is Figure 4 the exploded structure schematic diagram of the locking component in.

[0025] Reference numerals: 1, lifting frame; 11, cylinder; 12, lifting frame; 13, control mechanism; 14, transfer mechanism; 15, chute; 16, slot; 2, emergency compression cylinder; 21, support rod; 22, compression cylinder; 221, placement groove; 3, deceleration falling structure; 31, receiving groove; 32, steel ball; 33, opening groove; 4, positioning assembly; 41, first piston plate; 42, elastic member; 43, second piston plate; 44, locking rod; 5, locking assembly; 51, pulling rod; 52, rack; 53, gear column; 54, rotating rod; 541, spiral spring; 55, movable disk; 551, outer ratchet teeth; 56, locking disk; 561, inner ratchet teeth; 6, sliding seat; 61, liquid storage cavity; 7, connecting pipe. Detailed implementation manners

[0026] The following further elaborates on this application in conjunction with the Figures 1-6 accompanying drawings.

[0027] The embodiment of this application discloses a rapid lifting and hoisting device for instruments.

[0028] Referring to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , a rapid lifting and hoisting device for instruments includes a lifting frame 1, a cylinder 11, a lifting frame 12, a control mechanism 13, and a transfer mechanism 14. The end of the cylinder 11 is rotatably installed on the lifting frame 1. One end of the lifting frame 12 is rotatably installed on the lifting frame 1. The top of the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the lifting frame 12. The control mechanism 13 is electrically connected to the cylinder 11. The transfer mechanism 14 is arranged above the lifting frame 1. In this embodiment, the transfer mechanism 14 adopts a truss and a hoisting structure. The hoisting structure can move on the truss and can also hoist heavy objects, and can hoist and transfer the top of the heavy object when the lifting frame 12 is lifted to a vertical state.

[0029] An emergency support mechanism is further arranged on the lifting frame 1. The emergency support mechanism emergently lifts the lifting frame 12 when the cylinder 11 is in an abnormal working state. Referring to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 , two groups of emergency lifting mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the cylinder 11 on the left and right. Each group of emergency lifting mechanisms includes two emergency compression cylinders 2, a deceleration falling structure 3 arranged in the two emergency compression cylinders 2, a positioning assembly 4 arranged at the bottom of the two emergency compression cylinders 2, and a locking assembly 5 arranged between the two emergency compression cylinders 2 and used to lock the distance between the two.

[0030] One end of each of the two emergency compression cylinders 2 is rotatably installed on the hoisting frame 1 at intervals, and the other end is rotatably installed on the jacking frame 12 at intervals. The decelerating falling structure 3 is used for primary buffering of the falling heavy object, the positioning component 4 unlocks the bottom of the two emergency compression cylinders 2 after the action of the decelerating falling structure 3, and the locking component 5 performs secondary buffering and locking positioning on the falling heavy object after the bottom of the two emergency compression cylinders 2 is unlocked.

[0031] Each group includes two emergency compression cylinders 2 and the supporting decelerating falling structure 3, positioning component 4 and locking component 5, forming a multi-stage buffering protection mechanism. When the cylinder 11 fails, the decelerating falling structure 3 first performs primary buffering on the falling heavy object through mechanical friction or fluid damping to reduce the initial impact force; then the positioning component 4 unlocks the bottom of the emergency compression cylinder 2, allowing the compression cylinder to move along a predetermined path, and finally the locking component 5 realizes secondary buffering and positioning through rigid engagement. This design disperses the impact load and avoids overload of a single-point structure through staged energy consumption and locking, ensuring the stability of the heavy object during the slow descent process.

[0032] Refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in, the decelerating falling structure 3 includes a receiving groove 31, steel balls 32 and an opening groove 33. The emergency compression cylinder 2 includes a support rod 21 and a compression cylinder 22. One end of the support rod 21 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the jacking frame 12, and the other end is slidably and sealingly inserted into the compression cylinder 22. The end of the compression cylinder 22 away from the support rod 21 is connected to the hoisting frame 1; A plurality of groups of receiving grooves 31 are spaced along the length direction of the compression cylinder 22. A plurality of steel balls 32 are provided corresponding to each receiving groove 31. Each steel ball 32 is located in the corresponding receiving groove 31, and the receiving groove 31 is wide at the middle position and narrow at both ends near the end. The steel ball 32 can block and seal the end of the receiving groove 31. A plurality of opening grooves 33 are provided corresponding to each receiving groove 31, and the opening grooves 33 communicate the two ends of the receiving groove 31 with the inner and outer sides of the compression cylinder 22 respectively.

[0033] When the support rod 21 slides into the compression cylinder 22 due to the falling of the heavy object, the steel balls 32 move outward under the extrusion of air in the receiving groove 31. During their movement, frictional resistance is generated with the edge of the opening groove 33. At the same time, part of the steel balls 32 block the end of the receiving groove 31 to form a partial seal, resulting in a gradual increase in the air pressure in the compression cylinder 22. This structure utilizes the rolling friction of the steel balls 32 and the dynamic change of the sealing state, which does not affect the operation of the cylinder 11 in the normal state of the cylinder 11, and realizes controllable deceleration without external energy in the abnormal state of the cylinder 11, reducing the damage of the initial impact to the equipment.

[0034] Refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5, the positioning component 4 includes a first piston plate 41, an elastic member 42, a second piston plate 43, and a locking rod 44. The first piston plate 41 is slidably and sealingly arranged in the inner cavity of the compression cylinder 22 at the end away from the support rod 21. The elastic member 42 is a spring, and the elastic member 42 is arranged between the first piston plate 41 and the bottom wall of the compression cylinder 22 to provide a force for the first piston plate 41 to move away from the bottom wall of the compression cylinder 22.

[0035] Referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , a sliding seat 6 is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the compression cylinder 22. A sliding groove 15 for the sliding seat 6 to slide is formed on the lifting frame 1, and the length direction of the sliding groove 15 is consistent with the telescopic direction of the end of the emergency compression cylinder 2. A slot 16 adapted to the locking rod 44 is formed at the bottom of the sliding groove 15.

[0036] A liquid storage cavity 61 is formed inside the sliding seat 6. The second piston plate 43 is slidably and sealingly arranged in the liquid storage cavity 61. The locking rod 44 is fixedly connected to the second piston plate 43, and the end extends out of the sliding seat 6 and is inserted into the slot 16. A connecting pipe 7 is communicated between the bottom of the compression cylinder 22 and the liquid storage cavity 61.

[0037] When the pressure in the compression cylinder 22 rises due to the falling of the heavy object, the air enters the liquid storage cavity 61 through the connecting pipe 7 to push the second piston plate 43, so that the locking rod 44 disengages from the slot 16, and the fixation between the sliding seat 6 and the lifting frame 1 is released. At the same time, the elastic member 42 provides a reverse force for the first piston plate 41 to slow down the impact of the sudden change of pressure in the compression cylinder 22 on the structure. This design ensures that the emergency compression cylinder 2 is only allowed to move after the end of the buffering stage through the coordination of hydraulic transmission and mechanical unlocking, avoiding secondary impact caused by premature unlocking.

[0038] Furthermore, in order to achieve precise pressure triggering, hydraulic oil is installed in the inner cavity at the bottom of the compression cylinder 22. When the hydraulic oil is transferred from the bottom of the compression cylinder 22 to the liquid storage cavity 61, the end of the locking rod 44 disengages from the slot 16.

[0039] When the hydraulic oil flows into the liquid storage cavity 61 under the drive of pressure, the second piston plate 43 drives the locking rod 44 to withdraw from the slot 16, releasing the fixed constraint of the sliding seat 6. This process uses the incompressibility of the fluid to achieve precise pressure triggering, ensuring that the unlocking action is synchronized with the buffering stage and avoiding locking failure caused by mechanical delay. At the same time, the transfer process of the hydraulic oil further consumes part of the kinetic energy through the throttling effect, enhancing the overall buffering performance of the system.

[0040] A placement groove 221 for partially accommodating the elastic member 42 is formed at the bottom of the compression cylinder 22. One end of the elastic member 42 is fixed to the end wall of the placement groove 221, and a protective cushion layer for collision protection of the first piston plate 41 is fixedly padded at the bottom of the compression cylinder 22.

[0041] The elastic member 42 is stored in the placement groove 221 in a pre-compressed state. When the first piston plate 41 is impacted and moves towards the bottom of the compression cylinder 22, the protective cushion layer absorbs the collision energy to prevent the piston plate from making rigid contact with the bottom of the cylinder. This structure combines the storage of elastic potential energy with flexible buffering, reducing the damage to the compression cylinder 22 and the locking rod 44 caused by high-frequency impacts, extending the service life of key components, and ensuring that the elastic member 42 can still maintain stable performance after multiple impacts.

[0042] Referring to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the locking assembly 5 includes a traction rod 51, a rack 52, a gear column 53, a rotating rod 54, a movable disk 55 and a locking disk 56. The locking disk 56 is fixedly installed on the lifting frame 1. The locking disk 56 is annularly arranged and the inner wall of the annular shape is provided with inner ratchet teeth 561. The movable disk 55 is movably arranged in the middle of the annular shape of the locking disk 56. The movable disk 55 is annularly arranged and part of the outer wall is provided with outer ratchet teeth 551 that are engaged and matched with the inner ratchet teeth. The outer ratchet teeth 551 can only be engaged and fixed with the inner ratchet teeth in one direction; There are two sets of traction rods 51 and racks 52. One end of each of the two traction rods 51 is fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding seat 6 respectively, and the two racks 52 are respectively fixed to the other ends of the corresponding traction rods 51. The gear column 53 and the rotating rod 54 are coaxially fixedly connected and are rotatably installed on the lifting frame 1. The two racks 52 are respectively engaged with both sides of the gear column 53. The end of the rotating rod 54 away from the gear column 53 is provided with a "C-shaped" opening. A clamping portion is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the movable disk 55. The two sides of the end of the rotating rod 54 can respectively abut against both sides of the clamping portion. When the rotating rod 54 rotates with an acceleration, one end of the rotating rod 54 will push one side of the clamping portion, so that the movable disk 55 offsets towards the inner wall of the locking disk 56 and makes the inner ratchet teeth and the outer ratchet teeth 551 engaged.

[0043] When the sliding seat 6 moves, the traction rod 51 drives the rack 52 to drive the gear column 53 to rotate, and the rotating rod 54 rotates accordingly and pushes the movable disk 55 to offset, so that the outer ratchet teeth 551 are engaged with the inner ratchet teeth 561 of the locking disk 56. This process uses the gear-rack 52 transmission to convert linear motion into rotational motion and realizes self-locking through the one-way meshing characteristic of the ratchet teeth. When the falling speed of the heavy object changes suddenly, the rotating rod 54 accelerates to push the movable disk 55 to engage quickly, forming a rigid support to avoid the locking failure caused by speed fluctuations in traditional friction braking.

[0044] In other feasible embodiments, the locking assembly 5 can also adopt the structure of a fall arrester, as long as it can achieve a locking structure under the condition of acceleration.

[0045] Further, a scroll spring 541 for resetting the rotating rod 54 is sleeved and installed on the rotating rod 54. The scroll spring 541 is sleeved on the rotating rod 54. When the rotating rod 54 rotates due to the locking action, the scroll spring 541 stores elastic potential energy; after the load is released, the scroll spring 541 releases the potential energy to drive the rotating rod 54 to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the movable disk 55 disengages from the internal ratchet teeth 561 of the locking disk 56. This design realizes automatic reset through mechanical energy storage, avoiding manual intervention. At the same time, it ensures that the locking assembly 5 can still be accurately reset after multiple operations, preventing the subsequent decline of the locking function caused by structural misalignment.

[0046] The above embodiments only generally illustrate the functions that the hoisting equipment can play when the cylinder 11 fails. If the functions are divided more precisely, they can be further divided into two situations: the cylinder 11 still has partial jacking force and the cylinder 11 suddenly loses all jacking force.

[0047] When the cylinder 11 has slow gas leakage due to aging of the sealing ring or loosening of the pipeline joint; the efficiency of the air pump / hydraulic pump decreases or the pressure regulating valve fails, and the system pressure gradually decreases; the piston rod is bent or deformed or the inner wall of the cylinder barrel is scratched, and the movement resistance gradually increases, the cylinder 11 still retains a certain jacking ability at this time. At this time, the deceleration and falling structure 3 can not work, and only the positioning component 4 is relied on to support the slowly descending jacking object; When the power supply of the control mechanism 13 is interrupted, the solenoid valve loses power and the air circuit is cut off, and the air pressure in the cylinder 11 drops suddenly; the air supply pipeline bursts or the air pump suddenly fails, and the air source pressure disappears instantly; the piston rod breaks, the cylinder barrel bursts or the sealing ring bursts instantly, and the gas / liquid completely leaks, the cylinder 11 loses all jacking ability at this time, and all the above components participate in the jacking of the jacking object.

[0048] The implementation principle of the rapid hoisting and lifting equipment of an instrument in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: when the cylinder 11 fails, the deceleration and falling structure 3 first performs a primary buffer on the falling heavy object through mechanical friction or fluid damping to reduce the initial impact force; then the positioning component 4 unlocks the bottom of the emergency compression cylinder 2, allowing the compression cylinder to move along a predetermined path, and finally the locking component 5 realizes a secondary buffer and positioning through rigid engagement. This design disperses the impact load and avoids overloading of a single-point structure through staged energy consumption and locking, ensuring the stability of the heavy object during the slow descent process.

[0049] Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in this application shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains. The terms "first", "second", "third" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similar terms such as "a" or "an" do not denote a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Similar terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or items listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items. Terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationships may also change accordingly.

[0050] The above are all optional embodiments of this application, and do not limit the protection scope of this application accordingly. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of this application shall be covered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An apparatus for quickly lifting and hoisting equipment, characterized in that: It includes a lifting frame (1), a cylinder (11), a jacking frame (12), a control mechanism (13) and a transfer mechanism (14). The end of the cylinder (11) is rotatably installed on the lifting frame (1). One end of the jacking frame (12) is rotatably installed on the lifting frame (1). The top of the cylinder (11) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the jacking frame (12). The control mechanism (13) is electrically connected to the cylinder (11). The transfer mechanism (14) is arranged above the lifting frame (1) and is used for hoisting and transferring the top of the heavy object when the jacking frame (12) is jacked to the vertical state. An emergency support mechanism is further arranged on the lifting frame (1). The emergency support mechanism emergently jacks the jacking frame (12) when the cylinder (11) is in an abnormal working state.

2. The rapid lifting and hoisting equipment for an instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of the emergency jacking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged about the cylinder (11) on the left and right. Each group of the emergency jacking mechanisms includes two emergency compression cylinders (2), a deceleration and falling prevention structure (3) arranged in the two emergency compression cylinders (2), a positioning component (4) arranged at the bottoms of the two emergency compression cylinders (2), and a locking component (5) arranged between the two emergency compression cylinders (2) and used for locking the distance between the two. One ends of the two emergency compression cylinders (2) are rotatably installed on the lifting frame (1) at intervals, and the other ends are rotatably installed on the jacking frame (12) at intervals. The deceleration and falling prevention structure (3) is used for performing primary buffering on the falling heavy object. The positioning component (4) unlocks the bottoms of the two emergency compression cylinders (2) after the action of the deceleration and falling prevention structure (3). The locking component (5) performs secondary buffering and locking positioning on the falling heavy object after the bottoms of the two emergency compression cylinders (2) are unlocked.

3. The quick lifting and hoisting equipment for an instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deceleration and falling prevention structure (3) includes a receiving groove (31), steel balls (32) and an opening groove (33). The emergency compression cylinder (2) includes a support rod (21) and a compression cylinder (22). One end of the support rod (21) is rotatably connected to the bottom of the jacking frame (12), and the other end is slidably and sealingly inserted into the compression cylinder (22). The end of the compression cylinder (22) away from the support rod (21) is connected to the lifting frame (1). Multiple groups of the receiving grooves (31) are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the compression cylinder (22). A plurality of steel balls (32) are arranged corresponding to the respective receiving grooves (31). Each of the steel balls (32) is located in the corresponding receiving groove (31). The receiving groove (31) is wide at the middle position and narrow at both ends close to the ends. The steel ball (32) can seal the end of the receiving groove (31). A plurality of opening grooves (33) are arranged corresponding to the respective receiving grooves (31), and the opening grooves (33) communicate the two ends of the receiving groove (31) with the inner and outer sides of the compression cylinder (22) respectively.

4. An apparatus for quickly lifting and hoisting an instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that: The positioning component (4) includes a first piston plate (41), an elastic member (42), a second piston plate (43), and a locking rod (44). The first piston plate (41) is slidably and sealingly arranged in the inner cavity of one end of the compression cylinder (22) away from the support rod (21). The elastic member (42) is arranged between the first piston plate (41) and the bottom wall of the compression cylinder (22) and is used to provide a force for the first piston plate (41) to move away from the bottom wall of the compression cylinder (22). A sliding seat (6) is rotatably arranged at the bottom of the compression cylinder (22). A sliding groove (15) for the sliding seat (6) to slide is formed on the lifting frame (1), and the length direction of the sliding groove (15) is consistent with the telescopic direction of the end of the emergency compression cylinder (2). A slot (16) adapted to the locking rod (44) is formed at the bottom of the sliding groove (15). A liquid storage cavity (61) is formed inside the sliding seat (6). The second piston plate (43) is slidably and sealingly arranged in the liquid storage cavity (61). The locking rod (44) is fixedly connected to the second piston plate (43), and the end thereof extends out of the sliding seat (6) and is inserted into the slot (16). A connecting pipe (7) is communicatively arranged between the bottom of the compression cylinder (22) and the liquid storage cavity (61).

5. An apparatus for quickly lifting and hoisting an instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: Hydraulic oil is filled in the inner cavity at the bottom of the compression cylinder (22). When the hydraulic oil is transferred from the bottom of the compression cylinder (22) to the liquid storage cavity (61), the end of the locking rod (44) disengages from the slot (16).

6. The quick lifting and hoisting equipment for an instrument according to claim 4, characterized in that: A placement groove (221) for partially accommodating the elastic member (42) is formed at the bottom of the compression cylinder (22). One end of the elastic member (42) is fixed to the end wall of the placement groove (221), and a protective cushion layer for collision protection of the first piston plate (41) is fixedly padded at the bottom of the compression cylinder (22).

7. The rapid lifting and hoisting equipment for instruments according to claim 2, wherein: The locking component (5) includes a pull rod (51), a rack (52), a gear column (53), a rotating rod (54), a movable disk (55), and a locking disk (56). The locking disk (56) is fixedly installed on the lifting frame (1). The locking disk (56) is annularly arranged, and internal ratchet teeth (561) are arranged on the annular inner wall. The movable disk (55) is movably arranged in the middle of the ring of the locking disk (56). The movable disk (55) is annularly arranged, and external ratchet teeth (551) engaged with the internal ratchet teeth are arranged on a part of the outer wall. The external ratchet teeth (551) can only be engaged and fixed with the internal ratchet teeth in one direction. The pulling rod (51) and the rack (52) are provided in two groups, one end of the two pulling rods (51) is respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding sliding seat (6), and the two racks (52) are respectively fixed to the other end of the corresponding pulling rod (51), the gear column (53) and the rotating rod (54) are coaxially fixedly connected and rotatably installed on the lifting frame (1), the two racks (52) are respectively meshed with the two sides of the gear column (53), and the end of the rotating rod (54) away from the gear column (53) is provided with a "C-shaped" opening, and the inner wall of the movable plate (55) is fixedly provided with a clamping part, and the two side edges of the end of the rotating rod (54) can respectively abut against the two sides of the clamping part; When the rotating rod (54) rotates at an accelerated speed, one end of the rotating rod (54) pushes one side of the clamping portion, so that the movable disk (55) is offset toward the inner wall of the locking disk (56), and the inner ratchet and the outer ratchet (551) are meshed.

8. An apparatus for quickly lifting and hoisting an instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that: A spiral spring (541) is sleeved and installed on the rotating rod (54) and is used to reset the rotating rod (54).

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