Photo-thermal anti-icing and anti-pollution flashover coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a photo-thermal anti-icing and anti-pollution flashover coating and a preparation method thereof. The coating comprises a coating matrix, a liquid-like interface lubricating layer and a titanium dioxide photo-thermal filler which are sequentially coated on the surface of a material, the liquid-like interface lubricating layer is fixed on the surface of the coating substrate in a chemical grafting manner, the titanium dioxide photo-thermal filler is dispersed in the coating substrate, and the concentration of the titanium dioxide photo-thermal filler is increased in a gradient manner from bottom to top. The perfluoropolyether amine and the amino silicon oil generate a liquid-like interface lubricating layer on the surface of the coating, the liquid-like interface lubricating layer is uniformly distributed on the surface of a matrix coating in a comb-shaped structure after being grafted with a matrix material, and the liquid-like interface lubricating layer reacts with hydroxyl or other functional groups on the surface of titanium dioxide in a chemical bonding mode. The lubricating layer and the photo-thermal layer are structurally matched with each other to improve the stability and durability of the coating, the lubricating performance and the photo-thermal performance are synergistic, and pollution prevention and icing prevention are promoted with each other, so that the pollution prevention and the icing prevention are jointly and remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an anti-icing coating, and in particular to a photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage power transmission often spans a relatively large area, and the construction and maintenance costs of high-voltage power transmission lines are relatively high. In addition to the technical problems that need to be overcome, the anti-icing requirements and anti-fouling flashover in humid and low-temperature environments are also key factors affecting the safe operation of the power grid. Especially with the acceleration of the industrialization process, especially in the cold winter, when the temperature is low and it meets humid weather, the transmission lines are prone to rapid accumulation of dirt. The dirt will further aggravate the formation of an ice layer on the wire, forming a conductive fouling layer and a conductive water layer, resulting in an increase in the surface conductivity of the insulators of high-voltage transmission lines, causing flashover discharge on the surface of the insulators, occurring fouling flashover phenomena, causing power grid failures, and seriously endangering the safety of the power grid. At present, generally a room-temperature vulcanized silicone rubber coating is sprayed on its surface or a silicone rubber composite insulator is used, and both can play a good role in anti-fouling flashover and reduce the number of fouling flashover failures. However, its durability is not good, and the anti-fouling flashover ability rapidly decreases with the passage of time. Especially in winter and spring seasons, in a low-temperature and high-humidity environment, the accumulation of dirt aggravates the icing condition on the surface of the insulators, further increasing the risk of fouling flashover. For this reason, people have begun to try to add a photothermal conversion material to the coating to convert solar energy into heat energy to achieve the effect of delaying icing or melting ice. However, the photothermal conversion effect is relatively low. Especially in haze weather, rain and snow weather, when the sunlight is weak or under low-temperature conditions, the rapidly accumulated pollutants further increase the risk of icing, resulting in a significant reduction in the efficiency of delaying icing or melting ice. At the same time, the durability of the photothermal conversion material is not high. With the change of the surface mechanical properties of the photothermal coating, the surface structure and morphology change, and the anti-fouling flashover and anti-icing effects cannot be effectively guaranteed. The patent document with the application publication number of CN118599407A discloses a preparation method of a polyurea photothermal anti-icing coating, in which graphite is uniformly doped in the matrix material. For some relatively thick anti-icing coatings, the ability of the graphite photothermal material distributed inside the matrix material to absorb sunlight is further reduced, affecting its photothermal conversion efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Object of the Invention: The object of the present invention is to improve the low photothermal conversion efficiency and poor anti-fouling flashover effect in the existing anti-icing coating, and provide a coating that simultaneously has photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover; another object of the present invention is to provide a preparation method of the above coating.

[0004] Technical solution: The photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating described in the present invention includes a coating matrix, a liquid-like interface lubricating layer, and titanium dioxide photothermal fillers that are sequentially coated on the surface of the material. The liquid-like interface lubricating layer is fixed on the surface of the coating matrix by chemical grafting, and the titanium dioxide photothermal fillers are dispersed in the coating matrix, and the concentration increases in a gradient from the bottom to the top of the coating matrix.

[0005] Further, the coating matrix is a thin film material formed after photocuring of a perhydropolysilazane precursor, and the thickness of the thin film is 10 μm to 1000 μm.

[0006] Further, the liquid-like interface lubricating layer is perfluoropolyetheramine or amino silicone oil. The mass fraction of the liquid-like interface lubricating layer in the coating matrix is 0.1% to 20%, and it is grafted on the surface of the coating matrix in a comb-like structure. Perfluoropolyetheramine and amino silicone oil can be used alone or in combination after being mixed in any proportion. Both of them have relatively low surface energy, good molecular chain flexibility, and good compatibility. After grafting with the matrix material, they are evenly distributed on the surface of the matrix coating in a comb-like structure, increasing the lubricating performance of the coating, reducing the adhesion of dirt on the coating surface, and the comb-like grafting structure prevents dirt from accumulating on the coating surface and promotes the sliding of dirt from the coating, improving the cleanliness of the coating surface and reducing the equivalent salt density on the coating surface. The lubricated and clean coating surface can also delay the icing on the coating surface in a low-temperature environment and reduce the adhesion strength of ice, preventing dirt from covering and hindering the formation of catalyst active sites, thereby ensuring the photothermal conversion efficiency and durability and extending the service life of the coating.

[0007] Further, the mass fraction of the titanium dioxide photothermal filler in the coating matrix is 0.1% - 10%, and the titanium dioxide photothermal filler is graft-modified with a silane coupling agent. The graft modification changes the surface properties of titanium dioxide. The hydroxyl groups on the surface of TiO2 react with the Si-N bonds in the perhydropolysilazane to form chemical bonds, enhancing the dispersibility and stability in the matrix material. The liquid-like interface lubricating layer selects perfluoropolyetheramine or amino silicone oil. Both contain a certain proportion of amino groups that can react with the hydroxyl groups or other functional groups on the surface of titanium dioxide through chemical bonding, enabling more titanium dioxide photothermal fillers to be dispersed on the upper surface of the coating, and its dispersion concentration gradually decreases from the upper surface. When the light intensity is weak and the penetration is poor, it does not affect the luminescence performance of the photothermal material. Especially for some application scenarios with a relatively large coating thickness, this effect of preventing the failure of the photothermal filler is more significant. At the same time, the high photothermal conversion efficiency easily forms water vapor on the surface of the coating at the initial stage of cooling. The water vapor wraps the dirt and slides down along the comb-shaped liquid-like interface lubricating layer, achieving a certain dirt cleaning effect. The clean coating surface further delays the icing of the coating in a low-temperature environment. However, when the proportion of the matrix material perhydropolysilazane is relatively large, the Si-N bonds are prone to hydrolysis to form Si-OH under some extreme conditions, and then undergo a condensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of titanium dioxide, hindering the aggregation of titanium dioxide on the coating surface and thus affecting the photothermal conversion efficiency. The lubricating layer and the photothermal layer not only cooperate with each other structurally to improve the stability and durability of the coating, but also the lubricating performance and the photothermal performance act synergistically, and the anti-pollution and anti-icing promote each other and jointly achieve a significant improvement. In addition, the liquid-like interface lubricating layer and the photothermal conversion layer undergo chemical bonding, enhancing the adhesion strength of the liquid-like interface lubricating layer on the coating surface and improving the durability of the anti-pollution flashover performance; the combination of the two also stabilizes the activity of the active sites on the surface of titanium dioxide, further ensuring a high photothermal conversion efficiency.

[0008] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned photothermal anti-icing and anti-pollution flashover coating, including the following steps:

[0009] (1) Graft-modify titanium dioxide with a silane coupling agent, and after cleaning, freeze-dry to obtain a silane-modified titanium dioxide photothermal material;

[0010] (2) Dissolve the silane-modified titanium dioxide, the coating matrix material, and the liquid-like interface lubricating layer material in an organic solvent successively under a nitrogen protection atmosphere, and react to obtain a coating precursor dispersion;

[0011] (3) Coat the precursor dispersion obtained in step (2) on the surface of the substrate. After the solvent volatilizes, perform vacuum ultraviolet light curing to obtain a photothermal anti-icing and anti-pollution flashover coating.

[0012] Further, the specific steps of step (1) are as follows:

[0013] (1-1) Dissolve titanium dioxide in a mixed solution of water and ethanol with a ratio of 1:1 to 100, and the concentration of titanium dioxide is 0.1 to 5 g / ml;

[0014] (1-2) Add a silane coupling agent, with the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to the silane coupling agent being 1 to 10:20 to 1, adjust the pH value to 3.0 to 6.0, and carry out a condensation reflux reaction at 60 - 75 °C for 0.5 to 24 h.

[0015] The type of silane coupling agent, the mass ratio with titanium dioxide, as well as the particle size of titanium dioxide, the pH, reaction temperature and time during the modification process have a great influence on the graft modification efficiency of titanium dioxide. The titanium dioxide particles in the present invention are nanoscale, which can increase the contact area and efficiency of the graft reaction. Different modification effects have an impact on the photothermal conversion efficiency of the coating and the stability of the liquid-like interface lubricating layer on the coating surface, thereby affecting the performance and service life of the entire coating.

[0016] Further, the mass ratio of the silane-modified titanium dioxide, the liquid-like interface lubricating layer material and the perhydropolysilazane in step (2) is 1 to 10:1 to 3:20 to 1. The mass ratios of the three have a direct impact on the formation of a stable liquid-like interface lubricating layer, the bonding between the liquid-like interface lubricating layer and the photothermal conversion layer, and the distribution of the photothermal conversion layer in the matrix coating, thereby affecting the photothermal conversion efficiency, anti-pollution ability and durability of the coating.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1. Perfluoropolyetheramine and amino silicone oil are selected to generate a liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer on the coating surface. After grafting with the matrix material, it is evenly distributed on the surface of the matrix coating in a comb-like structure, increasing the lubricating performance of the coating, reducing the adhesion of dirt on the coating surface, and the comb-like grafting prevents dirt from accumulating on the coating surface and promotes the sliding of dirt from the coating, improving the cleanliness of the coating surface, reducing the equivalent salt density on the coating surface. The lubricated and clean coating surface can also delay the icing on the coating surface in a low-temperature environment and reduce the adhesion strength of ice, preventing dirt from covering and hindering the formation of catalyst active sites, thus ensuring the photothermal conversion efficiency and durability; 2. The liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer contains a certain proportion of amino groups, which can react with the hydroxyl groups or other functional groups on the surface of titanium dioxide through chemical bonding, enabling more titanium dioxide photothermal fillers to be dispersed on the upper surface of the coating, improving the photothermal conversion efficiency in extreme environments or when the coating is thick; 3. The high photothermal conversion efficiency on the coating surface is likely to form water vapor on the coating surface at the initial stage of cooling. The water vapor wraps the dirt and slides down along the comb-like liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer, achieving a certain dirt cleaning effect, and the clean coating surface further delays the icing of the coating in a low-temperature environment; 4. The liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer undergoes chemical bonding with the photothermal conversion layer, improving the adhesion strength of the liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer on the coating surface and enhancing the durability of the anti-fouling flashover performance; the combination of the two also stabilizes the activity of the active sites on the surface of titanium dioxide, further ensuring a high photothermal conversion efficiency; 5. The efficiency of graft modification of titanium dioxide ensures the photothermal conversion efficiency of the coating and the stability of the liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer on the coating surface, thereby ensuring the function and service life of the entire coating; 6. The appropriate proportion of various components in the coating ensures the stability of the liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer, the bonding ability between the liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer and the photothermal conversion layer, and the aggregation of the photothermal conversion layer on the coating surface, thereby ensuring the photothermal conversion efficiency, anti-pollution ability, and durability of the coating. Description of the Drawings

[0018] Figure 1 It is a graph showing the photothermal temperature rise at room temperature of the coatings prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a graph showing the equivalent salt density and outdoor placement time of the coatings prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 It is a bar graph showing the ice adhesion strength of the coatings prepared in the examples and comparative examples of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. All reagents used are commercially available.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] Disperse 5.0 g of titanium dioxide powder ultrasonically in 1000 ml of a mixed solution of water / ethanol (volume ratio 1 / 50). Add 5.0 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (other common silane coupling agents can also be selected). After stirring evenly, adjust the pH value of the dispersion to 5, and carry out a condensation reflux reaction at high temperature for 6 h. Wash repeatedly by centrifugation with ethanol to remove the unreacted γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and obtain γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified titanium dioxide powder after freeze-drying;

[0024] Add 2.0 g of modified titanium dioxide, 20.0 g of perhydropolysilazane, and 2.0 g of perfluoropolyetheramine successively to 1000 ml of n-butyl ether (other common organic solvents can also be selected according to requirements). After stirring and reacting at room temperature for 6 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, obtain a coating precursor dispersion;

[0025] Coat the precursor dispersion obtained in step (2) on the surface of an aluminum plate. After standing at room temperature for the solvent to volatilize, carry out vacuum ultraviolet curing for 1.0 h to obtain a photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating.

[0026] Example 2

[0027] Disperse 3.0 g of titanium dioxide ultrasonically in 1000 ml of a mixed solution of water / ethanol (volume ratio 1 / 10). Add 4.0 g of vinyltriethoxysilane. After stirring evenly, adjust the pH value of the dispersion to 4, and carry out a condensation reflux reaction at high temperature for 8 h. Wash repeatedly by centrifugation with ethanol to remove the unreacted vinyltriethoxysilane, and obtain vinyltriethoxysilane-modified titanium dioxide powder after freeze-drying;

[0028] Add 1.0 g of modified titanium dioxide, 20.0 g of perhydropolysilazane, and 3.0 g of amino silicone oil successively to 1000 ml of n-butyl ether. After stirring and reacting at room temperature for 3 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, obtain a coating precursor dispersion;

[0029] Coat the precursor dispersion obtained in step (2) on the surface of an aluminum plate. After standing at room temperature for the solvent to volatilize, carry out vacuum ultraviolet curing for 2.0 h to obtain a photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating.

[0030] Example 3

[0031] (1) Disperse 1.0 g of titanium dioxide powder ultrasonically in 1000 ml of a mixed solution of water / ethanol (volume ratio 1 / 1). Add 5.0 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. After stirring evenly, adjust the pH value of the dispersion to 3, and carry out a condensation reflux reaction at high temperature for 0.5 h. Wash repeatedly by centrifugation with ethanol to remove the unreacted γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and obtain γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified titanium dioxide powder after freeze-drying;

[0032] (2) 1.0 g of modified titanium dioxide, 20.0 g of perhydropolysilazane, and 1.0 g of perfluoropolyetheramine were successively added to 1000 ml of n-butyl ether, and after stirring and reacting at room temperature for 6 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, a coating precursor dispersion was obtained;

[0033] (3) The precursor dispersion obtained in step (2) was coated on the surface of an aluminum plate. After standing at room temperature for the solvent to evaporate, it was cured by vacuum ultraviolet light for 1.0 h to obtain a photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating.

[0034] Example 4

[0035] (1) 50.0 g of black titanium dioxide powder was ultrasonically dispersed in a 1000 ml mixed solution of water / ethanol (volume ratio 1 / 100). 5.0 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added. After stirring evenly, the pH value of the dispersion was adjusted to 6, and the reaction was carried out under reflux condensation at high temperature for 24 h. The unreacted γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was removed by repeated centrifugal washing with ethanol, and after freeze-drying, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified titanium dioxide powder was obtained;

[0036] (2) 10.0 g of modified titanium dioxide, 1.0 g of perhydropolysilazane, and 1.0 g of perfluoropolyetheramine were successively added to 1000 ml of n-butyl ether, and after stirring and reacting at room temperature for 6 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, a coating precursor dispersion was obtained;

[0037] (3) The precursor dispersion obtained in step (2) was coated on the surface of an aluminum plate. After standing at room temperature for the solvent to evaporate, it was cured by vacuum ultraviolet light for 1.0 h to obtain a photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating.

[0038] Example 5

[0039] (1) 50.0 g of black titanium dioxide powder was ultrasonically dispersed in a 1000 ml mixed solution of water / ethanol (volume ratio 1 / 50). 5.0 g of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added. After stirring evenly, the pH value of the dispersion was adjusted to 5, and the reaction was carried out under reflux condensation at high temperature for 6 h. The unreacted γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was removed by repeated centrifugal washing with ethanol, and after freeze-drying, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane-modified titanium dioxide powder was obtained;

[0040] (2) 2.0 g of modified titanium dioxide, 20.0 g of perhydropolysilazane, 1.0 g of perfluoropolyetheramine, and 1.0 g of amino silicone oil were successively added to 1000 ml of n-butyl ether, and after stirring and reacting at room temperature for 6 h under a nitrogen atmosphere, a coating precursor dispersion was obtained;

[0041] (3) The precursor dispersion obtained in step (2) was coated on the surface of an aluminum plate. After standing at room temperature for the solvent to evaporate, it was cured by vacuum ultraviolet light for 1.0 h to obtain a photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating.

[0042] Comparative Example 1

[0043] Compared with Example 1, silane-modified titanium dioxide is not added to the system.

[0044] Comparative Example 2

[0045] Compared with Example 1, perfluoropolyetheramine is not added to the system.

[0046] Perform performance tests on the coating materials prepared in the above examples and comparative examples:

[0047] 1. For the temperature rise performance of the test coating under one sun light intensity at room temperature and without obvious air convection, see Appendix Figure 1 ;

[0048] 2. For the relationship between the equivalent salt deposit density and the placement time of the test coating at room temperature and in the atmospheric environment, see Appendix Figure 2 ;

[0049] 3. The coating forms an ice layer after being frozen at -10°C in the atmospheric environment for 1 h, and then the tangential adhesion strength of the ice layer on the coating surface is tested. See Appendix Figure 3 .

[0050] Comparison Figure 1 , Examples 1, 4, 5 and Comparative Example 2 have a higher heating rate and a larger temperature increase. Among them, Example 4 has the fastest heating rate and the largest temperature increase. The main reason is that the proportion of titanium dioxide photothermal material in the matrix material is the largest and the proportion of the matrix material perhydropolysilazane is relatively small. Perhydropolysilazane contains Si-N bonds and is prone to condensation reaction with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of titanium dioxide after hydrolysis, which will hinder the aggregation of titanium dioxide particles on the surface of the coating. Example 4 has a high proportion of photothermal filler and a small proportion of matrix material, which promotes more titanium dioxide particles to be distributed on the surface of the coating and improves the photothermal conversion efficiency. Compared with Comparative Example 1, the temperature of the system without adding silane-modified titanium dioxide coating hardly changes. The content of titanium dioxide photothermal material in Examples 2 and 3 is relatively low, and the heating effect is not significant.

[0051] Comparison Figure 2 , Examples 1, 3, 5 and Comparative Example 1 have a relatively gentle change in equivalent salt deposit density and a small increment in equivalent salt deposit density at room temperature and in the atmospheric environment. The perfluoropolyetheramine is selected as the liquid-like interface lubricating layer, and the anti-fouling effect is more significant. In Comparative Example 2, the liquid-like interface lubricating layer material is not added to the system, and its equivalent salt deposit density rises fastest and largest under the same conditions and placement time, indicating that the surface anti-fouling effect is extremely poor. For Example 2, its reaction conditions have a relatively shorter time under nitrogen protection and stirring reaction, which to a certain extent affects its anti-fouling performance; a large number of titanium dioxide particles in Example 4 affect the surface anti-fouling performance of the coating to a certain extent, and it is more likely to interact with the dirt and stay on the surface of the coating.

[0052] Comparison Figure 3, in Examples 1-5, the adhesion strength of the ice layer is relatively good under the same temperature and environment. Among them, the adhesion strength of Example 3 is the smallest because the addition ratio of the photothermal filler and the liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer material is relatively moderate, enabling them to graft more uniformly and fully on the surface of the matrix coating. The more regular and smooth comb-shaped structure enables it to play a better role. If the usage amounts of both are too large, especially the usage amount of the liquid-like interfacial lubricating layer material is too large, it is easy to cause disturbances in the formed comb-shaped structure and affect the decontamination ability. The viscosity strength of the ice layer in Comparative Examples 1 and 2 is relatively high because if the anti-fouling ability of the coating is poor, it will affect the performance of the photothermal filler at the same time, and dirt is also likely to form ice nuclei and accelerate the ice formation speed; if the conversion efficiency of the photothermal filler in the coating is not high, the dirt will be covered by the ice layer before it can be removed, and the rapidly thickening ice layer will further affect the photothermal conversion effect. Therefore, when improving the performance of the coating, it is necessary to consider and improve from both anti-fouling and anti-icing aspects. Solving only one aspect of the problem will greatly reduce the improvement effect.

[0053] The coatings prepared in the above examples were used to prevent power equipment from being affected by ice covering disasters and flashover disasters, achieving good economic benefits: reducing maintenance costs, delaying ice formation, actively melting ice, reducing the frequency and cost of manual ice removal; effectively preventing flashovers caused by ice covering accumulation and fouling, reducing power outages, and improving the reliability of power grid operation; the photothermal anti-icing and anti-flashover coating uses solar energy as the energy source, without additional electric energy, saving energy and reducing emissions.

Claims

1. A photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating, characterized in that, It includes a coating matrix, a liquid-like interface lubricating layer, and titanium dioxide photothermal fillers that are successively coated on the surface of the material; the liquid-like interface lubricating layer is fixed on the surface of the coating matrix by chemical grafting, and the titanium dioxide photothermal fillers are dispersed in the coating matrix, and the concentration increases in a gradient from the bottom to the top of the coating matrix.

2. The photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The coating matrix is a thin film material formed after photocuring of a perhydropolysilazane precursor, and the film thickness is 10 μm to 1000 μm.

3. The photo-thermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid-like interface lubricating layer is perfluoropolyetheramine or amino silicone oil.

4. The photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mass fraction of the liquid-like interface lubricating layer in the coating matrix is 0.1% to 20%.

5. The photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 3, characterized in that The liquid-like interface lubricating layer is grafted on the surface of the coating matrix in a comb-like structure.

6. The photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 1, wherein, The mass fraction of the titanium dioxide photothermal fillers in the coating matrix is 0.1% to 10%.

7. The photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 6, wherein The titanium dioxide photothermal fillers are graft-modified with a silane coupling agent.

8. A method for preparing the photo-thermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 1, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) Graft-modify titanium dioxide with a silane coupling agent, wash it, and freeze-dry it to obtain a silane-modified titanium dioxide photothermal material; (2) Dissolve the silane-modified titanium dioxide, the coating matrix material, and the liquid-like interface lubricating layer material in an organic solvent successively in nitrogen, and react to obtain a coating precursor dispersion; (3) Coat the precursor dispersion obtained in step (2) on the surface of the substrate, and after the solvent evaporates, cure it with vacuum ultraviolet light to obtain a photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating.

9. The preparation method of the photo-thermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 8, wherein, The specific steps of step (1) are as follows: (1-1) Dissolve titanium dioxide in a mixed solution of water and ethanol with a ratio of 1:1 to 100, and the concentration of titanium dioxide is 0.1 to 5 g / ml; (1-2) Add a silane coupling agent, and the mass ratio of titanium dioxide to the silane coupling agent is 1 to 10:20 to 1, adjust the pH value to 3.0 to 6.0, and carry out a condensation reflux reaction at 60 to 75 °C for 0.5 to 24 h.

10. The preparation method of the photothermal anti-icing and anti-fouling flashover coating according to claim 8, wherein, In step (2), the mass ratio of the silane-modified titanium dioxide, the liquid-like interface lubricating layer material, and perhydropolysilazane is 1 to 10:1 to 3:20 to 1.

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