Ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave presplitting

Abstract

The invention discloses an ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave presplitting, and relates to the technical field of ore leaching, and the ore leaching method comprises the following steps: carrying out preliminary crushing on raw ore to obtain ore to be operated; according to the method, controllable shock wave equipment is adopted for carrying out shock wave operation on ore to be operated, shock waves are transmitted into the ore to be operated, shock wave energy is deposited in a medium density discontinuous area between the ore and rock, cracks are expanded autonomously in a shearing and stretching mode, and the mechanical strength of the ore to be operated is reduced in a balanced mode, the ores to be operated comprise minerals and rocks which are combined into a whole; further crushing by adopting stone crushing equipment; and the leaching liquid reacts with the further crushed ore in a dump leaching mode, an intermediate product is obtained, target minerals are obtained through the intermediate product, and the effect of fully crushing the ore is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ore leaching, and specifically to an ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking. Background Technique

[0002] Ore leaching is an important technological link in modern mining for extracting metal resources. Based on the principle of chemical dissolution, it aims to transfer the target metal in the ore into the solution in ionic form for subsequent separation and purification. During the leaching process, first, an appropriate leaching agent needs to be selected according to the ore characteristics. For example, for copper ore, sulfuric acid is commonly used as the leaching agent, and its acidic environment can effectively dissolve copper oxide minerals; for gold ore, cyanide solution is widely used due to its unique complexing ability with gold, although strict environmental risk control is required for subsequent treatment. There are various leaching methods. The heap leaching method is simple to operate and has low cost. The crushed ore is piled into stacks and the leaching agent is sprayed, which is suitable for treating low - grade and large - scale ores; the tank leaching method is suitable for medium - and small - scale ores with relatively high grades, and the ore is placed in a special tank for full immersion.

[0003] In the ore leaching process, if the ore cannot be fully crushed, from the perspective of leaching efficiency, the un - fully crushed ore particles are larger and their specific surface area is relatively small. This means that the contact opportunity between the leaching agent and the target metal in the ore is greatly reduced. Just like putting a small number of whole sugar cubes into water and grinding the same amount of sugar cubes into fine powder and then putting them into water for dissolution, the latter is significantly faster. Similarly, insufficient crushing will cause the leaching process to become extremely slow, making it difficult for metal ions to be fully dissolved, seriously delaying the entire production progress, and reducing the metal output per unit time. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: An ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking, including the following steps:

[0005] Perform preliminary crushing on the original ore to obtain the ore to be processed;

[0006] Use a controllable shock wave device to perform shock wave operation on the ore to be processed. The shock wave penetrates into the interior of the ore to be processed, and the shock wave energy is deposited in the medium density discontinuous region between minerals and rocks, and the fissures are autonomously expanded in a shear - tensile manner, and the mechanical strength of the ore to be processed is evenly reduced. Among them, the ore to be processed includes minerals and rocks combined as a whole;

[0007] Use a crushing device to further crush;

[0008] React the leaching solution with the further - crushed ore through the heap leaching method to obtain an intermediate product, and obtain the target mineral through the intermediate product;

[0009] By using a controllable shock wave device to perform shock wave operations on the ore to be processed, the mechanical strength of the ore can be reduced, thereby improving the grindability of the ore.

[0010] According to the ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave pre - splitting, a ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - splitting is now proposed, including a collection box. At the side of the upper surface of the collection box, a frame is fixedly connected. At the top of the frame, a housing is fixedly connected. An inlet is arranged on the outer surface of the housing. By setting the collection box, the broken ore can be collected. By setting the inlet, the ore to be processed that needs to be broken can be placed into the inner cavity of the housing. It is characterized in that a connection box is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the housing, and a shock wave generating device is arranged on the upper surface of the connection box. This shock wave generating device is used to perform shock wave operations on the ore to be processed. By setting the shock wave generating device, during operation, the shock wave can act on the free surface or weak surface inside the ore, and through shear - tensile action, pores and fractures are generated or expanded inside the ore, reducing the mechanical strength of the ore, thereby further breaking the ore or separating the target minerals from the gangue minerals in the ore; a crushing mechanism is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing. The crushing mechanism includes a diversion ring, the diversion ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing, and a sieve plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diversion ring. By setting the crushing mechanism, when the shock wave generating device performs shock wave operations on the ore initially broken in the inner cavity of the housing, water can fill the inner cavity of the housing, and after the shock wave operation, the water can be discharged, and further crushing work on the ore can be carried out; a screening mechanism is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing. The screening mechanism includes a connecting pipe, the connecting pipe is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing, and a screening frame passes through the bottom end of the connecting pipe. The screening frame is inclined. By setting the screening mechanism, the broken ore can be screened, so that the finely crushed ore and water can flow into the inner cavity of the collection box, and the slag attached to the outer surface of the large - sized ore can be knocked off, and then the large - sized ore can be discharged. By setting the screening frame as a steel material and having a number of holes with a diameter of two centimeters on the outer surface, ores with different diameters can be filtered.

[0011] Preferably, the shock wave generating device includes a cylinder head located at the top of the connection box. The inner surface of the cylinder head is of a parabolic structure. A first insulating tube penetrates through the lower surface of the cylinder head, and a second insulating tube penetrates through the lower surface of the cylinder head on the side away from the first insulating tube. The upper surface of the connection box is symmetrically provided with clamping plates, and the two clamping plates are respectively located below the first insulating tube and the second insulating tube. By providing the cylinder head, the shock wave generated by the explosion can be guided, so that the shock wave directed upward above the cylinder head can be reflected to the ore to be operated at the bottom of the inner cavity of the housing, thereby making full use of the shock wave generated by the explosion and achieving the effect of saving energy. Moreover, the cylinder head is made of steel material and has strong impact resistance. By providing the first insulating tube and the second insulating tube, an insulating effect can be achieved to prevent current leakage. By providing the clamping plates, they can cooperate with the directional holes opened on the lower surfaces of the first insulating tube and the second insulating tube, and thus the cylinder head is connected to the top end of the connection box.

[0012] Preferably, a first fixing frame is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder head. A positive electrode rod is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the first insulating tube, and a first wire is arranged at the end of the positive electrode rod. A negative electrode rod is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the second insulating tube, and a second wire is arranged at the end of the negative electrode rod. The second wire penetrates through the first insulating tube and extends into the inner cavity of the cylinder head.

[0013] Preferably, a second fixing frame is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder head on the side away from the first fixing frame. A limiting frame is fixedly connected to the end of the second fixing frame. A roller is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting frame. A metal wire is arranged in the inner cavity of the roller. The metal wire penetrates through the negative electrode rod and is in contact with the end of the positive electrode rod. The metal wire is located at the focus of the parabolic structure of the cylinder head.

[0014] Preferably, a water filling mechanism is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder head. The water filling mechanism includes a water filling cover and fixing rings. The water filling cover is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder head. The fixing rings penetrate through the outer surface of the cylinder head. The number of the fixing rings is four, and the four fixing rings are located on both sides directly above the metal wire. A blocking frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing rings. A blocking ball is slidably connected to the outer surface of the blocking frame. Water permeable grooves are formed on the outer surface of the blocking ball, and the water permeable grooves are frictionally adapted to the blocking frame. A diversion plate is fixedly connected to the end of the blocking frame. A first spring is fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of the diversion plate and the blocking ball.

[0015] Preferably, a grinding block is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sieve plate. A fixed pipe penetrates through the center of the upper surface of the sieve plate. A telescopic pipe is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixed pipe. The top end of the telescopic pipe is fixedly connected to a sliding column. The sliding column penetrates through the fixed pipe. A second spring is sleeved on one side of the sliding column inside the inner cavity of the fixed pipe. A first support rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding column. The end of the first support rod is fixedly connected to a rolling frame. A limiting ring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rolling frame. A rolling column is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting ring. The rolling column is in pressing fit with the grinding block.

[0016] Preferably, a second support rod is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the sliding column. The end of the second support rod is fixedly connected to a material-penetrating plate. A material-poking rod is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the material-penetrating plate. The number of the material-poking rods is several, and the several material-poking rods are aligned with the material leakage holes formed on the upper surface of the sieve plate. The bottom end of the sliding column is fixedly connected to a pressing rod, and the bottom end of the pressing rod is spherical.

[0017] Preferably, a funnel is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the material screening frame. A discharge pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the funnel. A third support rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the material screening frame. The end of the third support rod is fixedly connected to a motor. The output end of the motor is installed with a rotating rod through a coupling. The rotating rod penetrates through the material screening frame.

[0018] Preferably, a fourth support rod is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod inside the inner cavity of the material screening frame. The end of the fourth support rod is fixedly connected to a striking plate. A circular groove is formed on the outer surface of the striking plate. The circular groove is in frictional fit with the bottom end of the pressing rod. Crushing blocks are symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of the striking plate.

[0019] The present invention provides a method for leaching ore based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] First, in the method for leaching ore based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting, by arranging a shock wave generating device, during operation, the shock wave can act on the free surface or weak surface inside the ore, and through shear and tensile actions, pores and fissures are generated or expanded inside the ore, reducing the mechanical strength of the ore, thereby further crushing the ore or separating the target minerals from the gangue minerals in the ore.

[0021] Second, in the method for leaching ore based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting, by arranging a crushing mechanism, when the shock wave generating device performs a shock wave operation on the ore preliminarily crushed in the inner cavity of the outer shell, the water flow can fill the inner cavity of the outer shell, and after the shock wave operation is performed, the water flow is discharged, and further crushing work is carried out on the ore.

[0022] III. The ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking can screen the crushed ore through the setting of a screening mechanism, enabling the finely crushed ore and water flow to flow into the inner cavity of the collection box, and capable of knocking off the crushed slag attached to the outer surface of the large - sized ore, and then discharging the large - sized ore. By setting the screening frame as a steel material and having a number of holes with a diameter of two centimeters on the outer surface, ores with different diameters can be filtered.

[0023] IV. The ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking can direct the shock wave generated by the explosion through the setting of a cylinder head, so that the shock wave facing upward above the cylinder head can be reflected to the ore to be operated at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell, thereby making full use of the shock wave generated by the explosion to achieve the effect of energy saving. And the cylinder head is made of steel material and has strong impact resistance.

[0024] V. The ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking can play an insulating role through the setting of the first insulating pipe and the second insulating pipe to prevent current leakage. By setting the clamping plate, it can cooperate with the directional holes opened on the lower surfaces of the first insulating pipe and the second insulating pipe, and then connect the cylinder head with the top end of the connection box. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the external structure of an ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 It is a side view of the structure of an ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a shock wave generating device according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 It is a bottom view of the structure of a shock wave generating device according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water filling mechanism according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic sectional view of the structure of a water filling mechanism according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a water filling mechanism according to the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 It is a schematic partial sectional view of the structure of a water filling mechanism according to the present invention;

[0034] Figure 10 Structural schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 11 Partial structural schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 12 Sectional structural schematic diagram of the crushing mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 13 Structural schematic diagram of the material screening mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 14 Partial structural schematic diagram of the material screening mechanism of the present invention.

[0039] In the figure: 1. Collection box; 2. Frame; 3. Outer shell; 4. Connection box; 5. Clamping plate; 6. Shock wave generating device; 7. Crushing mechanism; 8. Material screening mechanism; 9. Feed inlet; 61. Cylinder head; 62. Water filling mechanism; 63. First fixing frame; 66. First insulating tube; 67. Second insulating tube; 68. Positive electrode rod; 69. First wire; 610. Second wire; 611. Negative electrode rod; 612. Second fixing frame; 613. Limiting frame; 614. Drum; 615. Metal wire; 621. Water filling cover; 622. Fixed ring; 623. Blocking frame; 624. Deflector; 625. Blocking ball; 626. Water permeable groove; 627. First spring; 71. Deflecting ring; 72. Sieve plate; 73. Grinding block; 74. Fixed tube; 75. Telescopic tube; 76. Sliding column; 77. Second spring; 78. First support rod; 79. Rolling frame; 710. Limiting ring; 711. Rolling column; 712. Second support rod; 713. Material permeable plate; 714. Material poking rod; 715. Extrusion rod; 81. Connecting pipe; 82. Material screening frame; 83. Funnel; 84. Discharge pipe; 85. Third support rod; 86. Motor; 87. Rotating rod; 88. Fourth support rod; 89. Striking plate; 810. Rolling block; 811. Circular groove. Specific embodiments

[0040] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The examples of the present invention are given for purposes of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed form. Many modifications and variations will be obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the invention and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific purposes.

[0041] The first embodiment is as Figures 1 - 14As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for ore leaching based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Roughly crush the raw ore to obtain the ore to be processed;

[0043] Use a controllable shock wave device to perform shock wave operation on the ore to be processed. The shock wave penetrates into the interior of the ore to be processed, and the shock wave energy is deposited in the medium density discontinuous region between minerals and rocks, and the cracks are autonomously expanded in a shear - tensile manner, and the mechanical strength of the ore to be processed is evenly reduced. Among them, the ore to be processed includes minerals and rocks combined as a whole;

[0044] Use a gravel - crushing device to further crush;

[0045] React the leaching solution with the further - crushed ore by means of heap leaching to obtain an intermediate product, and obtain the target mineral through the intermediate product;

[0046] Performing shock wave operation on the ore to be processed by a controllable shock wave device can reduce the mechanical strength of the ore, thereby improving the grindability of the ore.

[0047] The second embodiment, as Figures 1 - 14As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a technical solution: an ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking, including a collection box 1. At the side of the upper surface of the collection box 1, a frame 2 is fixedly connected. At the top of the frame 2, a housing 3 is fixedly connected. An inlet 9 is arranged on the outer surface of the housing 3. By setting the collection box 1, the broken ore can be collected. By setting the inlet 9, the ore to be processed that needs to be broken can be placed into the inner cavity of the housing 3. At the top of the outer surface of the housing 3, a connection box 4 is fixedly connected. On the upper surface of the connection box 4, a shock wave generating device 6 is arranged. This shock wave generating device 6 is used to perform shock wave operations on the ore to be processed. By setting the shock wave generating device 6, during operation, the shock wave can act on the free surface or weak surface inside the ore, and through shear - tensile action, pores and cracks are generated or expanded inside the ore, reducing the mechanical strength of the ore, thereby further breaking the ore or separating the target minerals from the gangue minerals in the ore. In the inner cavity of the housing 3, a crushing mechanism 7 is arranged. The crushing mechanism 7 includes a diversion ring 71. The diversion ring 71 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing 3. On the inner wall of the diversion ring 71, a sieve plate 72 is fixedly connected. By setting the crushing mechanism 7, when the shock wave generating device 6 performs shock wave operations on the ore initially broken in the inner cavity of the housing 3, the water can fill the inner cavity of the housing 3, and after the shock wave operation, the water can be discharged, and further crushing work on the ore can be carried out. At the lower surface of the housing 3, a screening mechanism 8 is fixedly connected. The screening mechanism 8 includes a connecting pipe 81. The connecting pipe 81 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing 3. The bottom end of the connecting pipe 81 penetrates through a screening frame 82. The screening frame 82 is inclined. By setting the screening mechanism 8, the broken ore can be screened, so that the finely crushed ore and water can flow into the inner cavity of the collection box 1, and the slag attached to the outer surface of the large - sized ore can be knocked off, and then the large - sized ore can be discharged. By setting the screening frame 82, the screening frame 82 is made of steel material and has a number of holes with a diameter of two centimeters on the outer surface, which can filter ores with different diameters.

[0048] The shock wave generating device 6 includes a cylinder head 61. The cylinder head 61 is located at the top of the connection box 4. The inner surface of the cylinder head 61 is a parabolic structure. A first insulating tube 66 penetrates through the lower surface of the cylinder head 61. On one side of the lower surface of the cylinder head 61 away from the first insulating tube 66, a second insulating tube 67 penetrates through. Clamping plates 5 are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the connection box 4, and the two clamping plates 5 are respectively located below the first insulating tube 66 and the second insulating tube 67. By providing the cylinder head 61, the shock wave generated by the explosion can be guided, so that the shock wave directed upward above the cylinder head 61 can be reflected to the ore to be processed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the outer shell 3, thereby making full use of the shock wave generated by the explosion and achieving the effect of saving energy. Moreover, the cylinder head 61 is made of steel material and has strong impact resistance. By providing the first insulating tube 66 and the second insulating tube 67, an insulating effect can be achieved to prevent current leakage. By providing the clamping plates 5, they can cooperate with the directional holes opened on the lower surfaces of the first insulating tube 66 and the second insulating tube 67, so that the cylinder head 61 is connected to the top end of the connection box 4. A first fixing frame 63 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder head 61. A positive electrode rod 68 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the first insulating tube 66. A first wire 69 is arranged at the end of the positive electrode rod 68. A negative electrode rod 611 is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the second insulating tube 67. A second wire 610 is arranged at the end of the negative electrode rod 611. The second wire 610 penetrates through the first insulating tube 66 and extends into the inner cavity of the cylinder head 61. By providing the first wire 69 and the second wire 610, they can be respectively connected to the positive and negative electrodes of a high-voltage DC power supply. An energy storage capacitor is arranged outside the high-voltage DC power supply. When working, it can charge the energy storage capacitor arranged inside, and when the voltage reaches the working threshold set by the control switch, the circuit is connected, and then current is generated and flows to the first wire 69 and the second wire 610, so that the positive electrode rod 68 and the negative electrode rod 611 can be energized. A second fixing frame 612 is fixedly connected to the side of the outer surface of the cylinder head 61 away from the first fixing frame 63. A limiting frame 613 is fixedly connected to the end of the second fixing frame 612. A roller 614 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting frame 613. A metal wire 615 is arranged in the inner cavity of the roller 614. The metal wire 615 penetrates through the negative electrode rod 611 and contacts the end of the positive electrode rod 68. The metal wire 615 is located at the focus of the parabolic structure of the cylinder head 61. By providing the limiting frame 613, the roller 614 can be limited, so that the roller 614 can rotate stably between the limiting frames 613, and then the internal metal wire 615 can move and enter the inner cavity of the negative electrode rod 611. By providing the metal wire 615, and the metal wire 615 between the positive electrode rod 68 and the negative electrode rod 611 is located at the focus of the parabolic structure inside the cylinder head 61, the shock wave generated by the explosion of the metal wire 615 can be reflected,The inner cavity of the negative electrode rod 611 is hollow and is connected to the second wire 610, so that the wire 615 can be inserted into the inner cavity of the negative electrode rod 611 and contact the positive electrode rod 68.

[0049] An irrigation mechanism 62 is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder head 61. The irrigation mechanism 62 includes an irrigation cover 621 and a fixing ring 622. The irrigation cover 621 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder head 61. The fixing ring 622 penetrates through the outer surface of the cylinder head 61. The number of the fixing rings 622 is four, and the four fixing rings 622 are located on both sides directly above the wire 615. A barrier frame 623 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring 622. A blocking ball 625 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the barrier frame 623. A water permeable groove 626 is formed on the outer surface of the blocking ball 625. The water permeable groove 626 is frictionally adapted to the barrier frame 623. A guide plate 624 is fixedly connected to the end of the barrier frame 623. A first spring 627 is fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of the guide plate 624 and the blocking ball 625. By arranging the irrigation mechanism 62, water can be poured into the inner cavity of the outer shell 3, and the water can enter the inner cavity of the outer shell 3 without damaging the reflecting surface of the inner cavity of the cylinder head 61, and the water will not flow to the outer surface of the wire 615 to affect the conductive effect of the wire 615. By arranging the barrier frame 623, while supporting the guide plate 624, the blocking ball 625 can be limited, so that the blocking ball 625 can move up and down. By arranging the first spring 627, the blocking ball 625 can be extruded, so that the blocking ball 625 seals the barrier frame 623 and the fixing ring 622, thereby preventing water from flowing out. During use, during operation, the operator opens the feeding port 9, and then pours the preliminarily crushed ore into the inner cavity of the outer shell 3 through the feeding port 9. Then, the top end of the irrigation cover 621 is connected to a faucet, so that the space between the irrigation cover 621 and the cylinder head 61 is filled with water. Then, the water will squeeze the blocking ball 625 and make the blocking ball 625 move downward. Then, the water permeable groove 626 no longer contacts the barrier frame 623, so that the water can enter the inner cavity of the cylinder head 61 through the water permeable groove 626 until the water covers the ore. Then, the operator moves the wire 615, and makes the wire 615 pass through the negative electrode rod 611 and contact the end of the positive electrode rod 68. Then, the operator starts the high-voltage DC power supply, so that the high-voltage DC power supply charges the energy storage capacitor arranged inside. When the voltage reaches the working threshold set by the control switch, the circuit is connected, and then a current is generated, so that the wire 615 between the positive electrode rod 68 and the negative electrode rod 611 is short-circuited, and under the action of high voltage, an explosion occurs, and then a spherical shock wave is generated. Then, the shock wave generated by the explosion will be reflected by the parabolic structure on the inner surface of the cylinder head 61, and the shock wave will crush the ore.

[0050] The upper surface of the sieve plate 72 is fixedly connected with a grinding block 73. The center of the upper surface of the sieve plate 72 is penetrated by a fixed pipe 74. The upper surface of the fixed pipe 74 is fixedly connected with a telescopic pipe 75. The top end of the telescopic pipe 75 is fixedly connected with a sliding column 76. The sliding column 76 penetrates the fixed pipe 74. A second spring 77 is sleeved on one side of the sliding column 76 located in the inner cavity of the fixed pipe 74. The upper surface of the sliding column 76 is fixedly connected with a first support rod 78. The end of the first support rod 78 is fixedly connected with a rolling frame 79. The lower surface of the rolling frame 79 is fixedly connected with a limiting ring 710. A rolling column 711 is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting ring 710. The rolling column 711 is in pressing fit with the grinding block 73. By providing the grinding block 73, it can cooperate with the rolling column 711 to further crush the ore after preliminary crushing. By providing the telescopic pipe 75, a telescopic effect can be generated. When the sliding column 76 moves up and down, it drives the telescopic pipe 75 to move up and down, and makes the rolling frame 79 move up and down. By providing the rolling column 711, when the rolling frame 79 moves up and down, it can press the ore on the outer surface of the grinding block 73.

[0051] One side of the sliding column 76 located on the outer surface of the fixed pipe 74 is fixedly connected with a second support rod 712. The end of the second support rod 712 is fixedly connected with a material-penetrating plate 713. The upper surface of the material-penetrating plate 713 is fixedly connected with a material-poking rod 714. The number of the material-poking rods 714 is several, and several of the material-poking rods 714 are aligned with the material leakage holes formed on the upper surface of the sieve plate 72. The bottom end of the sliding column 76 is fixedly connected with a pressing rod 715. The bottom end of the pressing rod 715 is spherical. By providing the material-penetrating plate 713, when the sliding column 76 moves up and down, the material-poking rods 714 can press the material leakage holes on the upper surface of the sieve plate 72, thereby preventing the ore from being blocked at the material leakage holes. At the same time, the thickest diameter of the material-poking rod 714 is the same as the diameter of the material leakage holes formed on the upper surface of the sieve plate 72. When the material-poking rod 714 enters the material leakage holes on the upper surface of the sieve plate 72, it can prevent the ore and water flow in the inner cavity of the outer shell 3 from flowing out.

[0052] A funnel 83 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the screening frame 82. A discharge pipe 84 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the funnel 83. A third support rod 85 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the screening frame 82. A motor 86 is fixedly connected to the end of the third support rod 85. A rotating rod 87 is installed at the output end of the motor 86 through a coupling. The rotating rod 87 penetrates the screening frame 82. By providing the funnel 83 and the discharge pipe 84, large pieces of ore in the inner cavity of the screening frame 82 can be discharged. By providing the motor 86, after the power is connected and the switch is turned on, the rotating rod 87 can be rotated. A fourth support rod 88 is fixedly connected to one side of the rotating rod 87 located in the inner cavity of the screening frame 82. A striking plate 89 is fixedly connected to the end of the fourth support rod 88. A circular groove 811 is formed on the outer surface of the striking plate 89. The circular groove 811 is frictionally adapted to the bottom end of the extrusion rod 715. Crushing blocks 810 are symmetrically arranged on the outer side surface of the striking plate 89. By providing the striking plate 89, when the rotating rod 87 rotates, the ore in the inner cavity of the screening frame 82 can be struck, so that the ore can be broken up. Then, the crushed slag attached to the outer surface of the large piece of ore can be struck off. By providing the circular groove 811, it can be extrusionally adapted to the bottom end of the extrusion rod 715, so that the extrusion rod 715 moves upward.

[0053] Working principle: During use, when the ore is broken by the shock wave, the operator controls the motor 86 to work, causing the rotating rod 87 to rotate. Then, the striking plate 89 squeezes the extrusion rod 715. Then, the material pushing rod 714 blocks the leakage holes on the upper surface of the sieve plate 72. Then, the operator stops controlling the motor 86 to work, thereby preventing the material from flowing out.

[0054] The operator opens the feeding port 9, and then pours the preliminarily broken ore into the inner cavity of the outer shell 3 through the feeding port 9. Then, the top end of the water filling cover 621 is connected to a faucet, so that the space between the water filling cover 621 and the cylinder head 61 is filled with water. Then, the water flow will squeeze the blocking ball 625, causing the blocking ball 625 to move downward. Then, the water permeable groove 626 no longer contacts the blocking frame 623, allowing the water flow to enter the inner cavity of the cylinder head 61 through the water permeable groove 626 until the water flow covers the ore. Then, the operator moves the metal wire 615 and makes the metal wire 615 pass through the negative electrode rod 611 and contact the end of the positive electrode rod 68. Then, the operator starts the high-voltage DC power supply, so that the high-voltage DC power supply charges the energy storage capacitor arranged inside. When the voltage reaches the working threshold set by the control switch, the circuit is connected, generating an electric current, causing the metal wire 615 between the positive electrode rod 68 and the negative electrode rod 611 to be short-circuited, and under the action of high voltage, an explosion occurs, generating a spherical shock wave. Then, the shock wave generated by the explosion is reflected by the parabolic structure on the inner surface of the cylinder head 61, and the shock wave breaks the ore.

[0055] After the shock wave breaks the ore, the operator controls the motor 86 to continuously rotate the rotating rod 87, so that the striking plate 89 continuously extrudes the extrusion rod 715, so that the extrusion rod 715 and the sliding column 76 move up and down, and the rolling frame 79 and the rolling column 711 extrude the ore on the upper surface of the sieve plate 72, so that the ore cracked by the shock wave is extruded and broken. After that, the broken ore can enter the bottom of the housing 3 through the holes on the upper surface of the sieve plate 72, and enter the inner cavity of the sieve material box 82 through the connecting pipe 81. Under the extrusion of the striking plate 89 and the rolling block 810, the ore is completely crushed, and the material leaks into the inner cavity of the collection box 1 through the holes of the sieve material box 82. After that, the large pieces of ore are discharged through the discharge pipe 84.

[0056] Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art and related fields without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The structures, devices, and operation methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention, unless otherwise specified and limited, are implemented according to the conventional means in the art.

Claims

1. A method for ore leaching based on controlled shock wave pre - cracking, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Preliminarily crushing the original ore to obtain the ore to be processed; Using a controllable shock wave device to perform shock wave operation on the ore to be processed. The shock wave penetrates into the interior of the ore to be processed, and the shock wave energy is deposited in the medium density discontinuous region between the minerals and the rock, and the cracks are autonomously expanded in a shear-tensile manner, and the mechanical strength of the ore to be processed is evenly reduced. Among them, the ore to be processed includes minerals and rocks combined into one body; Further crushing using a crushing device; Reacting the leaching solution with the further crushed ore by means of heap leaching to obtain an intermediate product, and obtaining the target mineral through the intermediate product; Performing shock wave operation on the ore to be processed by a controllable shock wave device can reduce the mechanical strength of the ore, thereby improving the grindability of the ore.

2. An ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking, applying the ore leaching method based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking described in claim 1, includes a collection box (1). At the side of the upper surface of the collection box (1), a frame (2) is fixedly connected. The top of the frame (2) is fixedly connected with a housing (3). An inlet (9) is arranged on the outer surface of the housing (3), and it is characterized in that, A connection box (4) is fixedly connected to the top of the outer surface of the housing (3). A shock wave generating device (6) is arranged on the upper surface of the connection box (4), and the shock wave generating device (6) is used to perform shock wave operation on the ore to be processed; a crushing mechanism (7) is arranged in the inner cavity of the housing (3), and the crushing mechanism (7) includes a diversion ring (71), and the diversion ring (71) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the housing (3), and a sieve plate (72) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diversion ring (71); a screening mechanism (8) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing (3), and the screening mechanism (8) includes a connecting pipe (81), and the connecting pipe (81) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the housing (3), and a screening frame (82) penetrates through the bottom end of the connecting pipe (81), and the screening frame (82) is inclined.

3. The ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The shock wave generating device (6) includes a cylinder head (61), and the cylinder head (61) is located on the top of the connection box (4). The inner surface of the cylinder head (61) is a parabolic structure. A first insulating pipe (66) penetrates through the lower surface of the cylinder head (61), and a second insulating pipe (67) penetrates through the lower surface of the cylinder head (61) on the side away from the first insulating pipe (66). Clamping plates (5) are symmetrically arranged on the upper surface of the connection box (4), and the two clamping plates (5) are respectively located below the first insulating pipe (66) and the second insulating pipe (67).

4. An ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to claim 3, characterized in that: A first fixing frame (63) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder head (61). A positive electrode rod (68) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the first insulating pipe (66), and a first wire (69) is arranged at the end of the positive electrode rod (68). A negative electrode rod (611) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the second insulating pipe (67), and a second wire (610) is arranged at the end of the negative electrode rod (611). The second wire (610) penetrates through the first insulating pipe (66) and extends into the inner cavity of the cylinder head (61).

5. An ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to claim 4, characterized in that: On one side of the outer surface of the cylinder head (61) far from the first fixing bracket (63), a second fixing bracket (612) is fixedly connected. The end of the second fixing bracket (612) is fixedly connected with a limiting bracket (613). A roller (614) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting bracket (613). A metal wire (615) is arranged in the inner cavity of the roller (614). The metal wire (615) penetrates through the negative electrode rod (611) and contacts the end of the positive electrode rod (68). The metal wire (615) is located at the focus of the parabolic structure of the cylinder head (61).

6. The ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - splitting according to claim 5, wherein: An irrigation mechanism (62) is arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder head (61). The irrigation mechanism (62) includes an irrigation cover (621) and a fixing ring (622). The irrigation cover (621) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylinder head (61). The fixing ring (622) penetrates through the outer surface of the cylinder head (61). The number of the fixing rings (622) is four, and the four fixing rings (622) are located on both sides directly above the metal wire (615). A blocking bracket (623) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixing ring (622). A blocking ball (625) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the blocking bracket (623). A water permeable groove (626) is formed on the outer surface of the blocking ball (625). The water permeable groove (626) is frictionally adapted to the blocking bracket (623). A guide plate (624) is fixedly connected to the end of the blocking bracket (623). A first spring (627) is fixedly connected between the opposite surfaces of the guide plate (624) and the blocking ball (625).

7. An ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to claim 6, characterized in that: A grinding block (73) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sieve plate (72). A fixing tube (74) penetrates through the center of the upper surface of the sieve plate (72). A telescopic tube (75) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the fixing tube (74). A sliding column (76) is fixedly connected to the top end of the telescopic tube (75). The sliding column (76) penetrates through the fixing tube (74). A second spring (77) is sleeved on one side of the sliding column (76) located in the inner cavity of the fixing tube (74). A first support rod (78) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding column (76). A rolling frame (79) is fixedly connected to the end of the first support rod (78). A limiting ring (710) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the rolling frame (79). A rolling column (711) is rotatably connected to the inner cavity of the limiting ring (710). The rolling column (711) is in extrusion fit with the grinding block (73).

8. An ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre-splitting according to claim 7, characterized in that: A second support rod (712) is fixedly connected to one side of the outer surface of the sliding column (76). A material permeable plate (713) is fixedly connected to the end of the second support rod (712). A material poking rod (714) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the material permeable plate (713). The number of the material poking rods (714) is several, and the several material poking rods (714) are aligned with the material leakage holes formed on the upper surface of the sieve plate (72). An extrusion rod (715) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sliding column (76). The bottom end of the extrusion rod (715) is spherical.

9. The ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - cracking according to claim 8, wherein: An inner wall of the screening material frame (82) is fixedly connected with a funnel (83), a bottom end of the funnel (83) is fixedly connected with a discharge pipe (84), an outer surface of the screening material frame (82) is fixedly connected with a third support rod (85), an end of the third support rod (85) is fixedly connected with a motor (86), an output end of the motor (86) is installed with a rotating rod (87) through a coupling, and the rotating rod (87) penetrates through the screening material frame (82).

10. The ore leaching device based on controllable shock wave pre - splitting according to claim 9, wherein: One side of the rotating rod (87) located in the inner cavity of the screening material frame (82) is fixedly connected with a fourth support rod (88), an end of the fourth support rod (88) is fixedly connected with a striking plate (89), a circular groove (811) is formed in an outer surface of the striking plate (89), the circular groove (811) is frictionally adapted to a bottom end of the extrusion rod (715), and rolling blocks (810) are symmetrically arranged on an outer side surface of the striking plate (89).

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