Cage type compression expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, mounting structure and slope protection pile system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and discloses a cage type compression expanded head anti-floating anchor rod, a mounting structure and a slope protection pile system.The cage type compression expanded head anti-floating anchor rod comprises an anchor rod body module used for bearing pulling resistance and being combined with a reaming section to form an anchoring structure; the reaming mechanism module is used for expanding a reaming section after the anchor rod is inserted so as to increase the contact area with a soil body; the slope protection pile supporting module is used for providing additional horizontal supporting force and enhancing the overall anti-floating performance; the mounting and reaming system is used for on-site mounting of the anchor rod, reaming operation and construction process monitoring; and the optimization calculation and monitoring system is used for calculating the optimal reaming shape, simulating the stress condition of the anchor rod and monitoring the health state of the anchor rod in real time. According to the invention, real-time optimization of construction parameters, intelligent regulation and control of equipment and accurate prediction of soil layer change are realized through optimization of a calculation and monitoring system, an intelligent feedback regulation mechanism and a predictive regulation technology, and the construction precision and stability are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and particularly to a cage-type compressed enlarged-head anti-floating anchor rod, an installation structure and a slope protection pile system. Background Art

[0002] In modern construction projects, slope protection pile support systems are widely used for soil support and anti-floating functions, especially under complex geological conditions. These systems play a key role in ensuring the stability of the foundation structure and preventing soil slip in environments where the soil layer is relatively soft or there is a high water table.

[0003] In the prior art, traditional slope protection pile support systems rely on manual monitoring and manual adjustment of equipment. The monitoring of the soil layer is usually carried out through manual observation and simple instrument equipment, and parameter adjustment is mainly based on experience during the construction process. The response to soil layer changes is relatively slow, and adjustments can usually only be made in the middle or late stage of construction. The advantages of these technical solutions are that the construction process is relatively simple and does not require complex automation equipment.

[0004] However, there are still some deficiencies in the prior art; firstly, the prior art often relies on manual operation and empirical judgment, and the adjustment of construction parameters lacks real-time performance, making it difficult to cope with the dynamic changes of the soil layer. The lag of manual operation will lead to the obstruction of the construction progress and even cause equipment damage; secondly, most of the monitoring systems in the prior art are independent and lack an intelligent feedback mechanism, and cannot dynamically adjust equipment parameters in real time according to the data during the construction process. This inefficient coordination method makes the unstable factors during the construction process unable to be solved in time; finally, the traditional system lacks the ability to predict soil layer changes and cannot intelligently predict the change trend under complex soil conditions, resulting in the inability to effectively cope with unexpected problems during the construction process and increasing the construction risk. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a cage-type compressed enlarged-head anti-floating anchor rod, an installation structure and a slope protection pile system, which solve the problems of lag in construction parameter adjustment, non-intelligent monitoring feedback and lack of soil layer change prediction in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A cage-type compressed enlarged-head anti-floating anchor rod, an installation structure and a slope protection pile system, comprising: An anchor rod body module, which is used to bear the uplift force and form an anchoring structure in combination with the reamed section; A reaming mechanism module, which is used to expand the reamed section after the anchor rod is inserted to increase the contact area with the soil; A slope protection pile support module, which is used to provide additional horizontal support force and enhance the overall anti-floating performance; Installation and reaming system for on-site installation, reaming operation and construction process monitoring of anchor bolts; Optimization calculation and monitoring system for calculating the optimal reaming shape, simulating the stress condition of anchor bolts and real-time monitoring the health status of anchor bolts.

[0007] Preferably, the anchor bolt body module includes: The main anchor bolt, made of high-strength alloy steel or composite material, has a variable diameter structure to optimize the material utilization rate; The enlarged head structure, determines the shape of the reaming section through the variational optimization topology structure calculation method to improve the ultimate uplift resistance; The anchor bolt connection end, including a high-strength threaded connection end and anti-loosening design to enhance the overall stability.

[0008] Preferably, the reaming mechanism module includes: The deformable reaming device, using shape memory alloy or hydraulic drive structure, can automatically expand after the anchor bolt is inserted; The reaming plate, made of high-strength wear-resistant material, has the characteristics of being foldable; The reaming drive assembly, controls the reaming process through the non-linear force optimization control algorithm and can adjust the expansion angle according to the formation conditions.

[0009] Preferably, the slope protection pile support module includes: The slope protection pile, made of high-strength concrete or steel structure, can independently bear external forces; The connection structure, including a sliding connection assembly and prestressed steel wire ropes, to enhance the synergistic effect between the slope protection pile and the anchor bolt.

[0010] Preferably, the installation and reaming system includes: The automatic drilling device, using high-precision drilling technology to ensure that the insertion angle and depth of the anchor bolt meet the design requirements; The reaming control system, adjusts the reaming process through the reaming expansion control algorithm based on formation adaptability to adapt to different formation conditions.

[0011] Preferably, the optimization calculation and monitoring system includes: The topology optimization calculation module, calculates the optimal reaming shape based on the variational optimization topology structure calculation method to improve the uplift resistance; the finite element analysis module, simulates the stress conditions of different reaming shapes based on the non-linear finite element stress analysis method; The monitoring and feedback system, including a wireless sensor network and a remote data analysis module to real-time monitor the stress state of the anchor bolt.

[0012] Preferably, the topology optimization calculation module uses the variational optimization topology structure calculation method to optimize the material distribution in the reaming area and meet the following objective function: An objective function for determining the optimal reaming shape; A volume constraint for limiting the reaming volume; A stress uniform distribution constraint for ensuring uniform stress distribution in the reaming section; A topology constraint for optimizing the material distribution in the reaming area to improve the uplift resistance.

[0013] Preferably, the finite element analysis module adopts a non - linear finite element stress analysis method to verify the stress conditions of different reaming shapes under different formation conditions. The non - linear finite element stress analysis method includes: Mesh generation for establishing a finite element model; Boundary condition setting for simulating actual working conditions; Load application for calculating the response of the reaming section under different loads; Solving non - linear equations for obtaining the stress state analysis results.

[0014] Preferably, the monitoring and feedback system includes: A wireless sensor network for monitoring the stress, deformation and health status of the anchor rod; A remote data analysis module for real - time analysis of the monitoring data and generating a construction quality assessment report.

[0015] Preferably, the installation and reaming method includes: Pre - construction preparation: obtaining formation parameters and calculating the optimal reaming shape; Drilling construction: using an automatic drilling device to form the anchor rod hole; Inserting the anchor rod: inserting the anchor rod into the drill hole at the optimized angle; Reaming expansion: executing a formation - adaptability - based reaming expansion control algorithm through the reaming drive assembly to ensure the optimal reaming shape; Installation of the anti - floating pile: installing the anti - floating pile to enhance the anti - floating ability; Post - construction monitoring: starting the monitoring system for long - term health status tracking and data analysis.

[0016] The present invention provides a cage - type compression and enlarged - head anti - floating anchor rod, an installation structure and a retaining pile system. It has the following beneficial effects: 1. Through the real - time data acquisition and analysis of the optimization calculation and monitoring system, the present invention ensures the efficient adjustment and precise control of the construction process. Compared with the traditional construction monitoring methods in the prior art, the system can respond immediately to soil layer changes, reduce human intervention, and automatically adjust the working state of the equipment. In this way, not only the construction accuracy is improved, but also the problems of equipment overload and excessive soil layer disturbance are avoided.

[0017] 2. The present invention adopts an intelligent feedback adjustment mechanism, which can accurately adjust construction parameters according to real-time calculation results. Compared with the disadvantages of traditional construction methods where equipment cannot be controlled in real time, the present invention can timely respond to soil changes through intelligent adjustment, avoiding overloading of equipment and uneven disturbance of soil layers. This adjustment mechanism significantly improves the stability and efficiency of the construction process.

[0018] 3. By integrating a predictive adjustment function, the present invention can predict the trend of soil layer changes before construction and optimize construction strategies accordingly. Compared with traditional construction methods without prediction ability, the present invention can identify potential problems in advance and adjust equipment parameters through intelligent prediction, making the construction process more adaptable and significantly improving the efficiency and safety of the overall project. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a module architecture diagram of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 , the embodiments of the present invention provide a cage-type compression and enlarged head anti-floating anchor rod, an installation structure and a slope protection pile system, including: An anchor rod body module for bearing the uplift force and combining with the reamed section to form an anchoring structure; The design of the anchor rod body module combines the selection of high-strength materials, the optimization of geometric shapes and topological optimization calculation methods, so as to improve its uplift resistance and closely cooperate with the reaming mechanism module and the slope protection pile support module, ultimately achieving the effect of enhancing the overall stability.

[0022] The main anchor rod is the core of the entire anchoring system, and its main task is to bear the pulling force generated by groundwater buoyancy or other external loads. Generally, the main anchor rod is made of high-strength alloy steel or composite materials (such as fiberglass-reinforced plastic FRP). This design is to ensure that the anchor rod can maintain high tensile strength and good corrosion resistance during long-term use, especially in humid or high groundwater level environments.

[0023] As an option, the main anchor rod is designed with a variable diameter structure. The advantage of this structure is that it can optimize the rod body according to the stress situation, making the upper part of the anchor rod have a smaller diameter to reduce weight, while the lower part has a larger diameter to increase the anchoring force. Specifically, the diameter of the reamed section at the lower part of the anchor rod (i.e., the area where the anchor rod contacts the soil) is increased. Through this design, it can be ensured that most of the pulling force is evenly distributed in this area and the friction force with the surrounding soil layers is optimized.

[0024] To improve the anchoring effect, the shape design of the enlarged head structure is crucial. In this embodiment, the geometric shape of the enlarged head is optimized by the variational optimization topology structure calculation method (i.e., the topology optimization method). The optimization goal is to maximize the uplift force and ensure the uniform distribution of the force between the anchor rod and the soil.

[0025] The present invention applies the following formula to describe the optimization objective function of the uplift force: P = ∫∫ Ω q(x, y)dxdy; Where: P is the uplift force, that is, the maximum pulling force that the anchor rod can withstand; Ω is the surface area of the reamed section; q(x, y) is the distribution function of the uplift force per unit area, representing the uplift force generated at each position; dxdy is the differential unit of the integration region.

[0026] During the optimization process, the constraint conditions need to ensure that the reamed volume does not exceed the design maximum value, and the stress distribution of the soil within the reamed section does not exceed the bearing capacity of the soil. The specific constraint conditions are as follows: Volume constraint: V = ∫ Ω dV ≤ V max ; Where, V is the volume of the enlarged head structure, representing the space occupied by the enlarged head structure; Ω is the surface area of the reamed section; V max is the maximum allowable reamed volume.

[0027] Stress distribution constraint: σ soil = E soil ·f(x, y); Where, σ soil is the stress of the soil, E soil is the elastic modulus of the soil, and f(x, y) is the shape function of the reamed section.

[0028] Topology optimization constraint: min ρ ∫ Ω σ(x, y)ρ(x, y)dxdy; Among them, ρ(x,y) is the density function in topology optimization, which is used to characterize the material distribution in the reamed section; σ(x,y) is the stress distribution in the reamed section, representing the stress state at different positions in the reamed area. This stress depends on the shape of the reamed section, material properties, and soil conditions; dxdy is the differential unit of the integration region.

[0029] Through the above optimization process, the obtained reamed shape can effectively reduce local stress concentration, provide a uniform stress state, and thus improve the uplift resistance.

[0030] The connection end part of the anchor plays a crucial role in the entire anchor body module. Its design determines whether the anchor can be firmly connected to the support structure. Generally, a high-strength threaded connection structure is adopted for the connection end of the anchor. This structure can provide sufficient shear resistance and ensure that the connection between the anchor and other structures will not loosen or disconnect when subjected to large forces.

[0031] Specifically, a progressive thread design is adopted for the connection end. The advantage of this design is that it can effectively reduce stress concentration during the installation process and improve the structural stability after installation. In some embodiments, a self-locking structure may also be adopted for the connection end, such as being equipped with a double-layer locking nut or an elastic washer to avoid loosening during long-term use.

[0032] In addition, this embodiment also adopts an anti-loosening mechanism to ensure that the connection end will not loosen due to external vibration, temperature change, or other factors during the process of the anchor being stressed. The anti-loosening design generally adopts an elastic steel ring, a friction reinforcement structure, or a wedge locking device, thus greatly improving the anti-loosening ability of the connection end.

[0033] The synergistic effect between the anchor body module and the reaming mechanism module is a major feature of the present invention. The reaming structure automatically unfolds after the anchor is installed, forming a larger anchoring interface. During the unfolding process, the geometric shape of the anchor body and the strength design of the connection end closely cooperate with the changes in the reamed section to ensure uniform stress of the anchor under different formation conditions.

[0034] To ensure the uplift resistance of the anchor after reaming, we apply the topology optimization calculation method to the shape optimization of the reamed section and make it match the design of the anchor. The core of this method is to simulate the interaction between the reamed section and the soil through nonlinear finite element analysis to determine the optimal reamed shape under different stress states.

[0035] The anchor body module of the present invention closely cooperates with the retaining pile support module to form a complete anti-floating structure. In some complex geological environments, the retaining pile can not only provide additional lateral support but also improve the overall stability through the resonance effect of the structure. Especially in areas with high water levels and soft soil, the retaining pile can effectively share part of the uplift load and reduce the stress requirement of the anchor.

[0036] In implementation, the slope protection pile is connected to the anchor rod through a sliding connection component. In this way, even when the force on the anchor rod changes, the slope protection pile can automatically adjust its angle to ensure the stability of the anti-floating structure. The prestressed steel cable can provide additional support when the anchor rod is pulled out, improving the overall anti-pulling ability.

[0037] The anchor rod body module is a key component of the entire system. Through the selection of high-strength materials, topology optimization calculations, reasonable geometric designs, and anti-loosening structure designs, it realizes the provision of stable and efficient anti-pulling forces under different soil conditions. Its synergistic effect with the hole expanding mechanism module and the slope protection pile module further enhances the stability of the system, ensuring reliability during long-term use. The disclosure of the above technical solutions and formulas ensures that those skilled in the art can reproduce and apply this invention based on this embodiment.

[0038] The hole expanding mechanism module is used to expand the hole expanding section after the anchor rod is inserted to increase the contact area with the soil body; The core function of the hole expanding mechanism module is to increase the anchoring area through effective hole expanding operations to ensure that the anti-pulling force of the anchor rod is maximally enhanced. To achieve this goal, this module adopts precise geometric designs, the selection of highly wear-resistant materials, and topology optimization algorithms to ensure that it can provide the best hole expanding effect and stable working performance in various environments.

[0039] The hole expanding head part is one of the key components of the hole expanding mechanism module and is responsible for effective hole expanding in the soil body. The hole expanding head needs to reduce the disturbance to the surrounding soil while ensuring the hole expanding effect and avoid excessive soil damage. Generally, the material of the hole expanding head is wear-resistant alloy steel or cemented carbide to enhance its durability and service life in different soil layers.

[0040] As an option, the geometric shape of the hole expanding head can be adjusted according to the actual hardness of the soil layer. For example, in soft soil layers, the hole expanding head can be designed as a wider cone shape to better expand the anchoring area; while in hard rock layers, a harder drill bit structure can be adopted to ensure that the hole expanding operation can be successfully completed. In practical applications, to improve the hole expanding efficiency, the design of the hole expanding head usually considers multiple cutting edges to ensure that the working surface of the hole expanding head cuts the soil body evenly and efficiently.

[0041] Specifically, the shape of the hole expanding head is described and optimized by the following formula: F cut =∫ Ω1 τ(x,y)dxdy; where: F cutIt is the reaming cutting force, which represents the cutting force required when the reaming head works in the soil. This force mainly overcomes the shear resistance of the soil and determines the reaming efficiency; Ω1 is the reaming area, which represents the spatial area where the reaming head contacts the soil layer. It is the calculation range of the soil force during the entire reaming operation; τ(x,y) is the shear force distribution per unit area, which represents the shear force that the reaming head needs to overcome at a certain position. This force is jointly determined by the soil properties, the shape of the reaming head, and the contact mechanical properties; dxdy is the differential unit of the integration region.

[0042] By adjusting the shape of the reaming head and the arrangement of the cutting edges, the reaming efficiency can be optimized, soil damage can be reduced, and the smoothness of the entire reaming process can be improved.

[0043] The reaming guiding system is another important part of the reaming mechanism module, which is responsible for ensuring that the reaming head can maintain a stable movement trajectory during the working process and avoid deviation or uneven reaming. The reaming guiding system enables the reaming head to maintain a small error during the reaming process and ensures the uniformity of the hole diameter through a series of elastic support structures or sliding guide rail designs.

[0044] Generally, the guiding system includes multiple guiding support devices for guiding the precise position of the reaming head in the soil. In soft soil layers or loose soil layers, the guiding support devices can provide sufficient stability to avoid the deviation of the reaming head. In relatively hard rock layers, the guiding system may use more robust materials to ensure the stability of the reaming head during the reaming process.

[0045] To improve the working efficiency of the guiding system, the design of the guiding support devices needs to have a certain elasticity to adapt to the non-uniformity of the soil and the movement changes of the reaming head. In some embodiments, the guiding system may use self-adjusting support devices to automatically adjust the support force according to the actual force condition of the reaming head to ensure the maximization of stability during the reaming process.

[0046] The connection structure of the reaming mechanism module is mainly used to connect the reaming head with the anchor rod body module to ensure the stable cooperation between the reaming head and the anchor rod. Generally, the connection structure is designed as a threaded connection or a snap connection, which can ensure that the reaming head does not become loose during the reaming process.

[0047] As an option, the connection structure may also be designed as a double-locking mechanism, including two methods: physical locking and pressure locking. Physical locking fixes the reaming head and the anchor rod through methods such as threaded connection, while pressure locking automatically enhances the fastening of the connection through the pressure generated during the reaming process to prevent the connection from loosening during the reaming process.

[0048] The mechanical analysis during the reaming process is a crucial part of designing the reaming mechanism module. When the reaming head works in the soil, it needs to withstand complex mechanical forces, including frictional force, shear force, compressive force, etc. The magnitudes and distributions of these forces directly affect the effect and stability of the reaming operation. Therefore, the design of the reaming head must consider the interaction of these forces to ensure the stability and efficiency during the reaming process.

[0049] To optimize the mechanical action during the reaming process, the present invention proposes a mathematical model based on topology optimization. The force condition of the reaming head in the soil is described by the following formula: Where: S is the optimized stress distribution function, representing the optimized distribution of stress during the reaming process. The goal is to make the stress distribute as evenly as possible and reduce local stress concentration; σ(x,y)1 is the stress distribution per unit area, representing the stress at a certain position of the reaming head, which is usually determined by the shape of the reaming head, the properties of the soil, and the force state during the reaming operation; Ω1 is the reaming area, representing the contact area between the reaming head and the soil, which is the basic area for calculating the stress distribution; dxdy is the differential unit of the integration area.

[0050] Through the topology optimization algorithm, the shape and material distribution of the reaming head can be further optimized to reduce stress concentration and improve the adaptability and stability of the reaming head under different soil conditions.

[0051] During the reaming process, the reaming head needs to maintain a stable working state to avoid phenomena such as deviation, vibration, or other instability. To ensure the stability of the reaming process, this embodiment adopts a precise mechanical calculation model to analyze the force condition during the reaming process, and adjusts the shape of the reaming head, the guiding system, and the connection structure to ensure the stability of the reaming head.

[0052] In some embodiments, the reaming head may adopt an adjustable structural design to automatically adjust the working angle or shape of the reaming head under different soil conditions to maximize the reaming efficiency and reduce the disturbance to the soil. Specifically, in softer soil layers, the angle of the reaming head may be wider to increase the reaming area; while in harder soil layers, the angle of the reaming head may be smaller to improve the cutting efficiency.

[0053] Through the above design, the reaming mechanism module can perform efficient reaming operations under different soil conditions. While ensuring an increase in the anchoring area, it optimizes the soil stress distribution and reduces the disturbance to the soil. Combining the selection of high-strength materials, precise geometric design, topology optimization algorithm, and adjustable guiding system, the present invention provides a reaming mechanism with high adaptability and stability, ensuring the long-term reliability of the anchoring structure in various geological environments.

[0054] The slope protection pile support module is used to provide additional horizontal support force and enhance the overall anti - floating performance; As an important part of the anti - floating system, the slope protection pile support module's main function is to optimize the anchoring effect by increasing the overall stability of the system. This module reduces soil deformation by providing lateral support force, shares part of the soil pressure, and at the same time optimizes the working performance of the anchor rod system. Under the synergistic action of the anchor rod body module and the reaming mechanism module, the slope protection pile support module can ensure the long - term stability of the entire support structure under complex geological conditions, especially in environments with high water levels or soft soil layers. The design of this module not only enhances the uplift resistance of the anchor rod, but also improves the anti - floating performance by increasing the contact area and the improved anchoring method under external forces.

[0055] The slope protection pile support module includes multiple pile bodies, and each pile body is combined with the soil layer through a high - strength anchoring structure. The design of the pile body can be optimized according to different actual soil qualities and engineering requirements. Generally, reinforced concrete, prestressed steel bars or composite materials are used as materials to improve the bearing capacity and ensure long - term stability. The pile body forms an effective connection with the surrounding soil through the anchoring system, thereby reducing the burden on the anchor rod system. As an option, the structure of the pile body can be designed as trapezoidal or multi - segmented to increase the contact area and enhance the anti - floating effect.

[0056] Generally, the pile body part of the slope protection pile is designed as a structure that can withstand large lateral pressures. Its cross - section can be selected as circular, square or trapezoidal, and the specific design is adjusted according to the soil layer type and load requirements. The main materials selected for the pile body are reinforced concrete, prestressed steel cables or composite materials, which can provide sufficient compressive strength and corrosion resistance, especially maintaining high stability during long - term use.

[0057] As an option, in the design of the pile body, reinforcing steel meshes or high - strength steel may be used to increase the bending and tensile strength of the pile body. The depth and diameter of the pile body can be adjusted according to the actual soil layer conditions. For example, in hard soil layers or rock layers, the depth of the slope protection pile is usually larger, while in soft soil layers or loose soil layers, the diameter of the slope protection pile may increase to enhance the support force.

[0058] Specifically, the strength and stability of the pile body are further enhanced through the application of prestressed steel bars or steel cables. By tightening the prestressed steel bars or steel cables, it can be ensured that the pile body is tightly combined with the surrounding soil, avoiding loosening or displacement of the pile body under external forces.

[0059] The slope protection pile support module in this embodiment adopts a prestressed steel cable and steel bar anchoring structure to ensure that the pile body can be firmly combined with the surrounding soil. Generally, the anchoring structure realizes the initial fastening force through steel cable tensioning, and then further strengthens the anchoring effect through the soil pressure around the pile body.

[0060] As an option, the design of the anchoring structure adopts a two - stage anchoring method. The first - stage anchoring is achieved through the physical connection structure of the pile body (such as reinforced concrete casing, anchoring ring, etc.); the second - stage anchoring provides continuous tensile force through prestressed steel cables to increase the anti - buoyancy of the pile body.

[0061] In some embodiments, the design of the anchoring structure is used in conjunction with the hole - enlarging mechanism module. After the hole - enlarging is completed, the anchoring structure is activated to further enhance the bonding force between the pile body and the soil. This can ensure that the pile body is always in a tightly anchored state during the entire working process, reducing loosening caused by soil settlement or external vibration.

[0062] The force analysis of the slope - protection pile is crucial for its design. Especially during the construction process, the pile body needs to bear various forces such as lateral pressure, bending moment, and shear force from the soil layer. Therefore, the design of the slope - protection pile needs to be comprehensively considered according to factors such as the physical properties of the soil, the shape of the pile body, and the tension of the prestressed steel cable. Through the following formula, we can calculate the lateral support force required by the pile body: F side =∫ Ω2 τ(x,y)dxdy; where: F side is the lateral support force, representing the lateral resistance exerted by the slope - protection pile on the soil. This force plays a role in resisting the horizontal displacement of the soil, ensuring that the slope - protection pile does not slide or tilt when subjected to external forces; Ω2 is the contact area between the pile body and the soil, representing the contact surface between the pile body and the soil. Under different soil conditions, the size of the contact area will be different, thus affecting the calculation of the lateral support force; τ(x,y): the shear force per unit area, representing the shear force exerted by the soil on the pile body. This force is related to factors such as the compressibility of the soil and the friction coefficient; dxdy is the differential unit of the integration region.

[0063] By calculating the lateral support force, the design of the pile body can be further optimized to ensure that the pile body can provide sufficient anti - pull and anti - buoyancy capabilities under different soil conditions.

[0064] In order to ensure that the slope - protection pile will not loosen or shift during long - term use, the design of the slope - protection pile support module usually adopts a double - locking mechanism. This mechanism includes a physical locking structure and a pressure locking structure, which work together to ensure that the pile body always maintains a stable connection state.

[0065] Physical locking usually uses devices such as bolts, buckles, and anchoring rings, which can fix the connection parts of the pile body during the construction process. Pressure locking enhances the fastening between the pile body and the soil layer through soil pressure or the additional tension generated during the hole - enlarging process, avoiding loosening caused by external vibration or temperature changes.

[0066] Generally, physical locking and pressure locking will play the roles of fixation and reinforcement respectively. As an option, in some embodiments, elastic gaskets or anti-seismic rubber pads may be used to enhance the anti-seismic performance and reduce the contact wear between the pile body and the soil.

[0067] The working principle of the slope protection pile support module is closely related to the aforementioned anchor rod body module and the reaming mechanism module. After the reaming operation is completed, the slope protection pile support module forms a stable connection with the soil through the anchoring structure and starts to provide lateral support force, thereby sharing part of the soil pressure and reducing the uplift load of the anchor rod body. Through this collaborative work, the overall system can function more efficiently and stably, especially in complex environments with high water levels or soft soil layers.

[0068] In this embodiment, the slope protection pile support module also takes into account the influence of seismic loads and temperature changes on the overall structure. Therefore, an elastic support system, such as elastic steel bars, rubber gaskets, etc., is added to the design, and these designs can effectively absorb and relieve the stress fluctuations caused by external loads.

[0069] Combined with high-strength materials, prestressed steel cables, double-locking structures, and precise mechanical analysis, the slope protection pile support module of the present invention can effectively support the entire anchor rod system, share the soil pressure, and improve the long-term stability of the system.

[0070] An installation and reaming system for on-site installation, reaming operation, and construction process monitoring of the anchor rod; The role of the installation and reaming system is to provide a stable anchoring foundation for the slope protection pile module, thereby ensuring that the slope protection pile can effectively bear the soil pressure and external loads. The reaming module is responsible for presetting the position of the pile body in the soil layer and expanding the installation space, while the pile body installation module is responsible for precisely inserting the pile body into the preset hole position. In the design, the reaming module and the pile body installation module are closely coordinated, and only the effective collaborative action of these two modules can ensure the best working effect of the system.

[0071] In this embodiment, the installation and reaming system consists of two main parts: the reaming mechanism module and the pile body installation module. The reaming mechanism module is responsible for expanding the installation space of the pile body so that the pile body can be smoothly inserted and form a tight combination with the soil. The pile body installation module, through positioning and supporting devices, precisely installs the pile body at the predetermined position to ensure its firm embedding in the soil layer and form an effective anchoring structure.

[0072] The core of the reaming process lies in the analysis of the shear force of the soil layer. In practical engineering applications, the deformation and stress distribution of the soil during reaming will affect the stability of the entire system. Therefore, understanding and controlling the shear force during the reaming process is the key to designing this system.

[0073] Through the above-disclosed formula for "calculating the lateral support force that the pile body needs to bear", engineers can accurately calculate the total shear force that the soil body bears during the hole expansion process based on the physical properties of the soil layer and the parameters of the hole expansion equipment. This calculation result helps guide the design of the hole expansion device and the optimization of construction parameters to ensure the smooth progress of the hole expansion process.

[0074] The installation process of the pile body begins after the hole is expanded, and the pile body is accurately inserted into the expanded hole area through the installation module. In some embodiments, the design of the pile body may use prestressed steel cables or steel bars, which form a strong anchoring force through pre-tensioning to ensure the stability of the pile body.

[0075] The pile installation module includes multiple devices to support the pile, such as hydraulic positioning devices, clamping devices, etc. The coordination of these devices can ensure that the pile will not be displaced or tilted during the installation process. In general, the accuracy of the installation process directly determines the combination effect between the pile and the soil layer, which in turn affects the stability and anti-floating ability of the overall support structure.

[0076] In some embodiments, in order to ensure the stability and efficiency of the pile installation, the pile installation module may include an automatic adjustment device, which can monitor the installation position of the pile in real time and make fine adjustments to ensure that the pile is accurately docked with the preset hole position.

[0077] In order to ensure smooth hole expansion and pile installation under different soil conditions, a dynamic monitoring system is introduced in this embodiment to monitor the soil pressure changes during hole expansion and installation in real time. Through this system, engineers can dynamically adjust the power of the hole expansion device and the speed of pile installation to avoid construction problems caused by soil changes.

[0078] Specifically, the dynamic monitoring system uses sensors to feed back soil pressure and stress data, and optimizes the operating parameters of the expansion equipment based on this data. For example, in softer soil layers, the expansion device may need to adjust the speed and propulsion force to prevent the soil from being over-disturbed. In hard soil layers, the power and propulsion speed of the equipment may need to be increased accordingly to improve the expansion efficiency.

[0079] In some embodiments, a three-dimensional positioning system may be used to accurately control the orientation of the pile installation. The system monitors the position and angle of the pile in real time to ensure that every movement of the pile installation is on a predetermined track, further improving the construction accuracy.

[0080] In the installation and reaming system of the present invention, through the precise cooperation of the reaming mechanism module and the pile installation module, the stability and long-term reliability of the slope protection pile under complex geological conditions can be ensured. Through detailed mechanical analysis, precise construction control, and the introduction of a dynamic monitoring system, the processes of reaming and pile installation have been comprehensively optimized, effectively reducing the risks and problems that may be encountered during the construction process.

[0081] The shear force formula used in the reaming process and the dynamic adjustment mechanism during the pile installation process can provide scientific construction basis for construction personnel, enabling the entire system to work stably in different soil layer environments.

[0082] An optimized calculation and monitoring system is used to calculate the optimal reaming shape, simulate the stress of the anchor rod, and monitor the health status of the anchor rod in real time; Through the cooperation of modules such as data acquisition, real-time calculation, and feedback adjustment, the optimized calculation and monitoring system can perform real-time optimization during the entire construction process, thereby greatly improving the construction efficiency and ensuring the stability of the support structure in complex geological environments. Connected with the aforementioned reaming and pile installation system, the optimized calculation and monitoring system enables each construction process to be dynamically adjusted according to the actual situation, avoiding problems such as excessive soil layer disturbance or excessive equipment load.

[0083] The optimized calculation and monitoring system includes three main modules: a data acquisition module, a real-time calculation module, and a feedback adjustment module. The data acquisition module collects multi-dimensional data such as soil stress, displacement, temperature, and vibration during the construction process through the deployment of various sensors; the real-time calculation module performs real-time analysis and calculation on these data, and uses optimization algorithms to dynamically adjust construction parameters according to the changes of the soil; the feedback adjustment module automatically adjusts the working states of the reaming equipment and the pile installation device according to the calculation results to ensure that the best construction conditions are maintained in each link.

[0084] In the data acquisition stage, multiple sensor devices are responsible for monitoring the changes in the soil layer, including but not limited to pressure sensors, displacement sensors, temperature sensors, and vibration sensors, etc. These sensors transmit real-time data to the real-time calculation module. Specifically, the pressure sensor monitors the contact pressure between the soil layer and the reaming equipment, the displacement sensor monitors the position changes of the reaming device and the pile, and the temperature sensor and the vibration sensor are used to sense environmental changes to ensure the stable operation of the equipment during the construction process.

[0085] Based on the data collected by these sensors, the real-time calculation module performs soil stress analysis, shear force calculation, and pile installation accuracy evaluation based on existing physical and mechanical models. To achieve this goal, the "description and optimization of the shape of the reaming head" disclosed by the reaming mechanism module is used: The function of the real-time calculation module is to process data from sensors to obtain stress, shear force, and other mechanical parameters during the hole enlargement and pile installation processes. Once these parameters are calculated, the system can intelligently optimize the working state of the equipment.

[0086] As an option, the system can also adjust parameters such as the speed, thrust, and rotational speed of the hole enlargement equipment in real time according to the calculation results to cope with the changes in different soil layers. For example, when the system detects that the shear force in a certain area is too large, the feedback adjustment module can reduce the propulsion speed or adjust the equipment power to relieve the soil burden and avoid excessive disturbance to the soil layer or equipment overload.

[0087] The feedback adjustment module automatically adjusts the working state of the construction equipment according to the real-time calculation results. When the system finds that the shear force during the hole enlargement process exceeds the preset range, it will automatically reduce the propulsion speed of the hole enlargement equipment or adjust the rotational speed of the drill bit, thus avoiding excessive disturbance to the soil layer. Specifically, the system can make adjustments based on the following parameters: Propulsion speed: Controls the propulsion speed of the hole enlargement equipment to ensure that the soil layer disturbance is within an acceptable range and avoid equipment overload.

[0088] Drill bit rotational speed: Adjusts the rotational speed of the drill bit to avoid excessive friction or resistance in hard soil layers.

[0089] Equipment power: Adjusts the power output of the equipment according to the change in shear force to avoid overloading the equipment.

[0090] Through these real-time adjustments, the system can optimize the hole enlargement process and pile installation process in real time according to the changes in the soil layer, ensuring the stability and accuracy of each link.

[0091] The optimization calculation and monitoring system is closely integrated with the hole enlargement and pile installation system. The former monitors parameters such as shear force and soil stress during the hole enlargement process in real time, while the latter adjusts the working state of the construction equipment according to these real-time calculation results. This collaborative working mechanism can minimize soil disturbance and improve construction accuracy, thus ensuring the stability and safety of the overall support system.

[0092] In practical applications, the processes of hole enlargement and pile installation may be affected by various external factors, such as soil hardness, humidity, temperature, etc. These factors will affect the distribution of shear force and stress, so it is necessary to adjust construction parameters in real time. The optimization calculation and monitoring system precisely responds to these changes through real-time calculation and feedback adjustment to ensure that the construction process is always in the best state.

[0093] In addition to real-time monitoring and adjustment, the optimization calculation and monitoring system of the present invention also has intelligent prediction capabilities. By accumulating historical data and applying machine learning techniques, the system can predict the change trend of the soil layer based on past construction data. For example, when switching between loose soil layers and hard soil layers, the system can adjust the working mode of the reaming equipment in advance, thereby improving construction efficiency and reducing potential risks.

[0094] Specifically, the system can predict key parameters such as soil compressibility, friction coefficient, and settlement speed through historical data analysis and make construction adjustments in advance. This process greatly improves the adaptability of the system, enabling it to cope with complex and variable soil conditions.

[0095] The optimization calculation and monitoring system in the present invention provides comprehensive intelligent support for the reaming and pile installation processes through the coordinated action of modules such as data acquisition, real-time calculation, and feedback adjustment. By accurately calculating the shear force and stress of the soil mass, the system can adjust construction parameters in real time to ensure that each construction link is in the best state.

[0096] In practical applications, the system can not only adjust the working state of the equipment in real time but also has a prediction function to cope with complex soil conditions and changes. Through this series of technical means, the optimization calculation and monitoring system ensure the high efficiency, safety, and stability of the construction process and provide strong technical support for similar projects.

[0097] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A cage-type compression and expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system, characterized in that, Comprising: The anchor rod body module, which is used to bear the uplift force and combine with the reamed section to form an anchoring structure; The reaming mechanism module, which is used to expand the reamed section after the anchor rod is inserted to increase the contact area with the soil mass; The retaining pile support module, which is used to provide additional horizontal support force and enhance the overall anti-floating performance; The installation and reaming system, which is used for the on-site installation, reaming operation and construction process monitoring of the anchor rod; The optimization calculation and monitoring system, which is used to calculate the optimal reaming shape, simulate the stress condition of the anchor rod and monitor the health status of the anchor rod in real time.

2. The cage-type compression and expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anchor rod body module includes: The main anchor rod, which is made of high-strength alloy steel or composite material and has a variable diameter structure to optimize the material utilization rate; The enlarged head structure, which determines the shape of the reamed section through the variational optimization topology structure calculation method to improve the ultimate uplift force; The anchor rod connection end, which includes a high-strength threaded connection end and a loosening prevention design to enhance the overall stability.

3. The cage-type compression and enlarged head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaming mechanism module includes: The deformable reaming device, which is made of shape memory alloy or hydraulic drive structure and can automatically expand after the anchor rod is inserted; The reaming plate, which is made of high-strength wear-resistant material and has a foldable characteristic; The reaming drive assembly, which controls the reaming process through a non-linear force optimization control algorithm and can adjust the expansion angle according to the formation conditions.

4. A cage compression and expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining pile support module includes: The retaining pile, which is made of high-strength concrete or steel structure and can independently bear external forces; The connection structure, which includes a sliding connection assembly and a prestressed steel cable to enhance the cooperative effect between the retaining pile and the anchor rod.

5. A cage compression and enlarged head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation and reaming system includes: The automatic drilling device, which adopts high-precision drilling technology to ensure that the insertion angle and depth of the anchor rod meet the design requirements; The reaming control system, which adjusts the reaming process through a reaming expansion control algorithm based on formation adaptability to adapt to different formation conditions.

6. A cage-type compression and expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The optimization calculation and monitoring system includes: The topology optimization calculation module, which calculates the optimal reaming shape based on the variational optimization topology structure calculation method to improve the uplift capacity; The finite element analysis module, which simulates the stress conditions of different reaming shapes based on the non-linear finite element stress analysis method; The monitoring and feedback system, which includes a wireless sensor network and a remote data analysis module to monitor the stress state of the anchor rod in real time.

7. A cage-type compression expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The topology optimization calculation module adopts the variational optimization topology structure calculation method to optimize the material distribution in the reaming area and meet the following objective functions: The objective function, which is used to determine the optimal reaming shape; The volume constraint, which is used to limit the reaming volume; The stress uniform distribution constraint, which is used to ensure the uniform stress distribution in the reamed section; The topology constraint, which is used to optimize the material distribution in the reaming area to improve the uplift capacity.

8. A cage compression expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The finite element analysis module adopts the non-linear finite element stress analysis method to verify the stress conditions of different reaming shapes under different formation conditions. The non-linear finite element stress analysis method includes: Mesh generation, which is used to establish a finite element model; Boundary condition setting, which is used to simulate the actual working conditions; Load application, which is used to calculate the response of the reamed section under different loads; Solving the non-linear equation, which is used to obtain the stress state analysis result.

9. A cage-type compression expansion head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The monitoring and feedback system includes: The wireless sensor network, which is used to monitor the stress condition, deformation condition and health status of the anchor rod; A remote data analysis module for performing real-time analysis on monitoring data and generating a construction quality assessment report.

10. A cage-type compression and enlarged head anti-floating anchor rod, installation structure and slope protection pile system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation and reaming method includes: Pre-construction preparation, obtaining formation parameters, and calculating the optimal reaming shape; Drilling construction, using an automatic drilling device to form the anchor bolt holes; Inserting the anchor bolt, inserting the anchor bolt into the drill hole at an optimized angle; Reaming expansion, executing a reaming expansion control algorithm based on formation adaptability through a reaming drive assembly to ensure the optimal reaming shape; Installation of slope protection piles to enhance the anti-floating capacity; Post-construction monitoring, starting the monitoring system to conduct long-term health status tracking and data analysis.

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