A water conservancy project dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function

Abstract

The invention discloses a silt removal device for a water conservancy project with a solid-liquid separation function, and relates to the technical field of silt removal devices. The silt removal device comprises a feed conveying mechanism, a solid-liquid separation mechanism, a slag discharge mechanism and a liquid recovery mechanism. The feed conveying mechanism and the solid-liquid separation mechanism are tightly connected, the slag discharge mechanism and the solid-liquid separation mechanism are communicated, the liquid recovery mechanism and the solid-liquid separation mechanism are communicated, and the liquid recovery mechanism and the feed conveying mechanism are communicated. The feed conveying mechanism transports the sludge to the solid-liquid separation mechanism for treatment, the solid-liquid separation mechanism separates the sludge and discharges the solid matter through the slag discharge mechanism, and at the same time recycles the separated liquid through the liquid recovery mechanism. The liquid recovery mechanism is respectively communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism and the feed conveying mechanism, so as to realize liquid recovery and recycling, save water resources, improve operation efficiency and reduce environmental pollution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of silt clearing equipment, in particular to water conservancy project silt clearing equipment with solid-liquid separation function. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the widespread development of water conservancy projects, the problem of silt deposition in rivers, lakes, ports, and other water bodies is becoming increasingly serious. This not only affects the ecological environment of these water bodies but also restricts the effectiveness of navigation and flood control. To address the adverse effects of silt deposition, dredging operations have become widely used as a basic treatment method, driving the gradual evolution of dredging equipment from manual dredging to mechanized, automated, and intelligent systems. Current technological trends focus on improving dredging efficiency, reducing energy consumption, and enhancing adaptability to complex working conditions. In particular, the integration of systems that achieve rapid sludge-water separation, resource recovery, and environmental protection and emission reduction has become a major direction for future development.

[0003] Existing dredging equipment usually pushes the silt to the shore through the hull to achieve the purpose of dredging.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have the following shortcomings: First, they fail to achieve coordinated adjustment of feed angle and flow control, making them incapable of adapting to varying water depths and silt deposition conditions; they lack self-feedback control, which can easily lead to blockage or over-suction; and existing anti-clogging structures are mostly static devices that lack a cyclic connection to the separation system, making dynamic spraying and reuse impossible. Therefore, those skilled in the art have provided a hydraulic engineering silt removal device with solid-liquid separation capabilities to address the aforementioned issues. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water conservancy project silt clearing equipment with solid-liquid separation function to solve the problems raised in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The dredging equipment includes a feeding and conveying mechanism, a solid-liquid separation mechanism, a slag discharge mechanism and a liquid recovery mechanism. The feeding and conveying mechanism and the solid-liquid separation mechanism are tightly connected, the slag discharge mechanism and the solid-liquid separation mechanism are connected, the liquid recovery mechanism and the solid-liquid separation mechanism are connected, and the liquid recovery mechanism and the feeding and conveying mechanism are connected.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the feed conveying mechanism transports the sludge to the solid-liquid separation mechanism for processing. After the solid-liquid separation mechanism separates the sludge, the solid matter is discharged through the slag discharge mechanism. At the same time, the separated liquid is recycled and reused through the liquid recovery mechanism. The feed conveying mechanism is tightly connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism to ensure stable feeding and smooth processing; the slag discharge mechanism is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism to discharge the separated solids in a timely manner to avoid blockage; the liquid recovery mechanism is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism and the feed conveying mechanism respectively, realizing liquid recovery and recycling, saving water resources, improving operating efficiency, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0009] Furthermore, the feed conveying mechanism includes a feed component, a flow rate regulating component and an anti-blocking component. The flow rate regulating component and the feed component are fastened together, and the anti-blocking component and the feed component are fastened together. The feed component includes a feed hopper, a conveying pipe, a supporting hull, a gathering vane, a shear block, a follower frame, a transmission shaft, a feed motor, a lifting block, a lifting hydraulic cylinder, an articulated hydraulic cylinder, an articulated rod and a movable plate. The feed hopper and the articulated rod are articulated, and the articulated rod and the supporting hull are articulated. The feed motor and the feed hopper are fastened together, the feed motor and the drive shaft are transmission-connected, the drive shaft and the gathering vane are transmission-connected, the drive shaft and the shear block are transmission-connected, the lifting block and the supporting hull are slidingly connected, the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the supporting hull are fastened together, the lifting hydraulic cylinder and the lifting block are transmission-connected, the lifting block and the feed hopper are articulated, the articulated hydraulic cylinder and the supporting hull are articulated, the articulated hydraulic cylinder and the feed hopper are transmission-connected, the follower frame and the drive shaft are rotationally connected, the follower frame and the movable plate are fastened together, and the movable plate and the flow rate regulating component are fastened together.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the feed hopper is hinged to the supporting hull through an articulated rod, which can realize the swing adjustment of the feed hopper; one end of the articulated hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the supporting hull and the other end is transmission-connected to the feed hopper, and the feed hopper is driven to swing and adjust the working angle by telescoping; the lifting hydraulic cylinder is tightly connected to the supporting hull, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder drives the lifting block to slide along the supporting hull to realize the vertical height adjustment of the feed hopper; the feeding motor is tightly connected to the feed hopper and drives the gathering vane to rotate through the transmission shaft. The gathering vane gathers the silt in the direction of the conveying pipeline and pushes it for transportation. The transmission shaft also drives the shear block to rotate. The shear block shears larger debris to prevent the feed port from being blocked; the follower frame is rotationally connected to the transmission shaft and is tightly connected to the movable plate. The swing of the follower frame drives the movable plate to move. The movable plate is tightly connected to the flow rate adjustment component, which can realize precise flow rate adjustment and improve the reliability of equipment operation; the anti-blocking component is tightly connected to the feed component, effectively preventing the feed component from being blocked, ensuring smooth silt transportation, thereby improving dredging efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0011] Furthermore, the flow rate regulating assembly includes a regulating valve, an iris assembly, a pressing block, a feed pipe, a fitting block, an iris elastic member and a reset elastic member. The regulating valve and the movable plate are fastened together, the regulating valve and the feed pipe are slidingly connected, the iris assembly and the feed pipe are fastened together, the iris elastic member and the iris assembly are fastened together, the iris elastic member and the fitting block are fastened together, the fitting block and the feed pipe are slidingly connected, the pressing block and the regulating valve are fastened together, the reset elastic member and the regulating valve are fastened together, the reset elastic member and the iris assembly are fastened together, and the pressing block and the fitting block are abutted against each other.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the regulating valve is tightly connected to the movable plate and is slidingly connected to the feed pipe. The movable plate pushes the regulating valve to move along the feed pipe, thereby driving the pressing block tightly connected to the regulating valve to move; the pressing block abuts the fitting block, and the fitting block drives the iris assembly to flexibly contract or expand through the tight connection with the iris elastic part, thereby realizing precise adjustment of the flow rate inside the feed pipe; the iris assembly controls the internal aperture size of the feed pipe through the elastic deformation of the iris elastic part, and accurately controls the flow rate of the liquid in the pipe; the reset elastic part is tightly connected to the regulating valve and the iris assembly respectively, ensuring that after the adjustment action is completed, the iris assembly can return to its original position in time to maintain the stability of the flow rate in the feed pipe; ensuring the stability of the dredging equipment during operation, avoiding pipeline blockage, and improving the overall operating efficiency and reliability.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-clogging component includes a circulation pipe and a nozzle, the nozzle and the feed hopper are tightly connected, the nozzle and the circulation pipe are connected, and the circulation pipe is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the nozzle is firmly connected to the feed hopper and connected to the circulation pipe. The other end of the circulation pipe is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism. The liquid recovered from the solid-liquid separation mechanism is transported to the nozzle through the circulation pipe. The nozzle sprays the liquid at high pressure onto the inner wall of the feed hopper and the inlet of the conveying pipe, continuously flushing the feed hopper and the conveying channel, effectively preventing silt from adhering, accumulating and clogging during the feeding process, ensuring smooth feeding, reducing equipment downtime and maintenance time, and significantly improving the operating efficiency and stability of the dredging equipment.

[0015] Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation mechanism includes a sedimentation separation component, a filtration separation component and a dehydration extrusion component. The sedimentation separation component is located above the filtration separation component, the sedimentation separation component and the filtration separation component are connected, the filtration separation component and the dehydration extrusion component are connected, the sedimentation separation component includes a sedimentation separation cylinder, spiral guide blades and a vibration motor, the sedimentation separation cylinder and the feed pipe are connected, the sedimentation separation cylinder is a conical cylinder, the spiral guide blades and the sedimentation separation cylinder are tightly connected, and the vibration motor and the sedimentation separation cylinder are abutted.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the sedimentation separation cylinder adopts a conical cylinder structure and is connected to the feed pipe. The design of the gradually decreasing cross-section of the conical cylinder is used to gradually accelerate the sedimentation and separation of the mud entering the cylinder; the spiral guide blades are tightly connected to the sedimentation separation cylinder and are set on the inner wall of the cylinder. They can guide the mud to flow in a spiral path and accelerate the speed of solid particles settling downward; the vibration motor is in contact with the sedimentation separation cylinder and generates high-frequency vibration when working, which can effectively prevent solid particles from adhering to the cylinder wall, while promoting the rapid and clear formation of the solid-liquid interface and accelerating the sedimentation efficiency. The material that has undergone sedimentation separation quickly flows into the filtration separation component below through gravity and vibration, further improving the efficiency and accuracy of solid-liquid separation, reducing the workload of subsequent filtration separation and dehydration extrusion components, and significantly improving the processing capacity and operating stability of the overall dredging equipment.

[0017] Furthermore, the filtering and separation component includes a drum, a filter screen, a spiral rod, a self-cleaning scraper, a cleaning hydraulic cylinder and a rotating motor. The drum is arranged at an angle, the filter screen and the drum are tightly connected, the rotating motor and the drum are tightly connected, the rotating motor and the spiral rod are transmission-connected, the cleaning hydraulic cylinder and the spiral rod are tightly connected, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder and the self-cleaning scraper are transmission-connected.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the drum is arranged in an inclined manner, which is conducive to the mud being pushed forward along the inner surface of the drum under the action of gravity; the filter is tightly connected to the drum, and the screening effect of the filter is used to achieve preliminary separation of solid and liquid, the liquid is discharged through the filter, and the solid particles are retained on the inner surface of the filter; the rotating motor is tightly connected to the drum, and the drum is driven to rotate through a spiral rod transmission connection, so that the mud continues to move forward evenly along the spiral trajectory to avoid local blockage; the self-cleaning scraper is transmission-connected to the cleaning hydraulic cylinder, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder is tightly connected to the spiral rod, driving the self-cleaning scraper to move back and forth against the surface of the filter, promptly scraping off the solid particles adhered to the surface of the filter, preventing the filter from being blocked, and continuously maintaining a good filtering effect of the filter, thereby improving the operating stability of the equipment, extending the maintenance cycle and improving the solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0019] Furthermore, the dehydration extrusion assembly includes an extrusion barrel and an extrusion cam. The extrusion barrel is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel. The extrusion cam is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft of the extrusion barrel and is connected to the motor. A drainage hole is provided on the extrusion barrel.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, the extrusion barrel in the dewatering extrusion assembly is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel material, which has good corrosion resistance and structural strength and can adapt to long-term high-intensity work in complex mud media; the extrusion cam is fixedly installed on the drive shaft of the extrusion barrel and is connected to the motor transmission. The motor drives the drive shaft to rotate and drives the extrusion cam to periodically squeeze the mud cake in the barrel, applying continuous and intermittent radial pressure to the material during the rotation process; a plurality of drainage holes are provided on the extrusion barrel. When the material is squeezed, the residual liquid inside is quickly discharged through the drainage holes, thereby further removing the residual water in the mud; this structure greatly improves the dehydration efficiency through mechanical periodic extrusion combined with drainage through drainage holes, reduces the subsequent slag discharge load, and improves the final slag dryness, ensuring that the entire dredging process is stable and efficient.

[0021] Furthermore, the slag discharge mechanism includes a conveyor belt, a valve, a slag discharge hydraulic cylinder, a secondary filter screen and a slag discharge box. The slag discharge hydraulic cylinder and the slag discharge box are tightly connected, the secondary filter screen and the slag discharge box are tightly connected, the slag discharge box and the extrusion cylinder are connected, the valve and the slag discharge box are tightly connected, and the conveyor belt and the slag discharge box are tightly connected.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the slag discharge hydraulic cylinder is tightly connected to the slag discharge box, which can drive the mud cake or solid waste in the slag discharge box to be quantitatively pushed out; the slag discharge box is connected to the extrusion cylinder to receive the dehydrated solid material discharged by the extrusion cylinder, ensuring that the slag material after dehydration enters the slag discharge system smoothly; the secondary filter screen is tightly connected to the slag discharge box, and is set in the slag discharge channel to filter the residual liquid again to prevent the seepage from being discharged along with the solid, thereby improving the overall solid-liquid separation accuracy; the valve is tightly connected to the slag discharge box to control the opening and closing of the slag discharge port, thereby achieving precise control of the slag discharge timing and avoiding slag backflow or leakage; the conveyor belt is tightly connected to the slag discharge box, which can continuously and stably transport the slag pushed out of the slag discharge box to the designated stacking or treatment area, thereby realizing the automatic transportation and treatment of solid waste, improving slag discharge efficiency, reducing labor burden, and enhancing the continuity and automation of dredging equipment operation.

[0023] Furthermore, the liquid recovery mechanism includes a centrifugal pump and a storage tank, the centrifugal pump and the storage tank are connected, the storage tank is connected to the extrusion cylinder, and the storage tank is connected to the circulation pipe.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, the centrifugal pump in the liquid recovery mechanism is used to extract the liquid discharged by dehydration from the extrusion cylinder and transport it to the storage tank, thereby realizing efficient collection of the separated liquid; the storage tank is connected to the extrusion cylinder and is used to temporarily store the liquid discharged during the dehydration process to ensure that the liquid does not leak and is convenient for subsequent unified treatment; at the same time, the storage tank is connected to the circulation pipe, and the stored liquid can be transported to the nozzle of the anti-clogging component through the circulation pipe to realize the reuse of the cleaning liquid; this structure is powered by the centrifugal pump to form a closed liquid recovery circulation system, which not only avoids the discharge of sewage and improves environmental protection benefits, but also realizes the reuse of water resources, reduces operating costs, and improves the economy and sustainability of the overall system operation.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The feed hopper in the feed assembly is hinged to the support hull via an articulated rod. The hopper's angle is adjusted via an articulated hydraulic cylinder. A lifting block, driven by a hydraulic cylinder, slides vertically along the support hull, adjusting the feed position and depth. The feed motor rotates the gathering vanes and shear blocks via a drive shaft. The gathering vanes gather sludge and feed it into the conveying pipe, while the shear blocks cut large solids to prevent clogging. The follower frame is connected to the movable plate via a drive shaft, which further drives the flow rate control assembly. The flow rate control assembly uses the movable plate to push the regulating valve, which, through the pressure block, drives the mating block to slide within the feed pipe. Simultaneously, the iris elastic member acts on the iris assembly, causing it to flexibly deform. By varying the iris assembly's aperture, the flow rate within the pipe is adjusted. A reset elastic member quickly resets the assembly, achieving precise flow rate control. The anti-clogging assembly's nozzle is fixed to the inner wall of the feed hopper. Cleaning fluid, treated by the solid-liquid separation mechanism, is circulated through a circulation pipe to the inner wall and feed port of the hopper, preventing sludge clogging. In the solid-liquid separation mechanism, the vibrating motor of the sedimentation separation component acts on the sedimentation separation drum, causing it to generate high-frequency vibrations, accelerating the solid-liquid separation of the sludge. The conical drum, combined with the spiral guide vanes, allows the solid particles to settle rapidly and be fed into the filtration separation component below. The rotary motor of the filtration separation component drives the screw to rotate, while the drum is tilted, causing the solid-liquid mixture to spiral along the filter screen. The liquid seeps through the filter screen, and the solids are scraped off by the self-cleaning scraper. The cleaning hydraulic cylinder pushes the self-cleaning scraper to automatically clean the filter screen. The extrusion cam in the dewatering extrusion assembly is driven by the motor to rotate. The material in the extrusion drum is squeezed out of the water by the cam's periodic squeezing action and discharged through the drain hole, improving dewatering efficiency. In the slag discharge mechanism, the solids after extrusion and dehydration are sent to the slag discharge box through valve control. The slag discharge hydraulic cylinder pushes the material in the slag discharge box through a secondary filter screen to further filter out the residual liquid. Finally, it is automatically transported and discharged via a conveyor belt, improving slag processing efficiency. The liquid recovery mechanism uses a centrifugal pump to pump the liquid out of the extrusion barrel to a storage tank. The storage tank not only collects the dehydrated liquid, but is also connected to the anti-clogging component nozzle through a circulation pipe, thereby realizing the recycling and reuse of the treated cleaning liquid, forming a closed-loop circulation system for liquid treatment, and effectively improving the economy and environmental protection of equipment operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the feed assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic structural diagram of the flow rate regulating assembly of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the solid-liquid separation mechanism of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the dehydration extrusion assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the slag discharge mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the liquid recovery mechanism of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. Feed conveying mechanism; 11. Feed assembly; 111. Feed hopper; 112. Conveying pipe; 113. Support hull; 114. Gathering blade; 115. Shear block; 116. Follow-up frame; 117. Transmission shaft; 118. Feed motor; 119. Lifting block; 1110. Lifting hydraulic cylinder; 1111. Articulated hydraulic cylinder; 1112. Articulated rod; 1113. Movable plate; 12. Flow rate adjustment assembly; 121. Regulating valve; 122. Iris assembly; 123. Pressing block; 124. Feed pipe; 125. Fitting block; 126. Iris elastic member; 127. Resetting elastic member; 13. Anti-blocking assembly; 131. Circulation Pipe; 132, nozzle; 2, solid-liquid separation mechanism; 21, sedimentation separation component; 211, sedimentation separation cylinder; 212, spiral guide vane; 213, vibration motor; 22, filtration separation component; 221, roller; 222, filter screen; 223, screw rod; 224, self-cleaning scraper; 225, cleaning hydraulic cylinder; 226, rotating motor; 23, dehydration extrusion component; 231, extrusion cylinder; 2311, drainage hole; 232, extrusion cam; 3, slag discharge mechanism; 31, conveyor belt; 32, valve; 33, slag discharge hydraulic cylinder; 34, secondary filter screen; 35, slag discharge box; 4, liquid recovery mechanism; 41, centrifugal pump; 42, storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] See also Figure 1 - Figure 7 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution for a water conservancy project dredging equipment with a solid-liquid separation function:

[0037] The dredging equipment includes a feeding and conveying mechanism 1, a solid-liquid separation mechanism 2, a slag discharge mechanism 3 and a liquid recovery mechanism 4. The feeding and conveying mechanism 1 and the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 are tightly connected, the slag discharge mechanism 3 and the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 are connected, the liquid recovery mechanism 4 and the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 are connected, and the liquid recovery mechanism 4 and the feeding and conveying mechanism 1 are connected.

[0038] By adopting the above technical solution, the feed conveying mechanism 1 conveys the sludge to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 for processing. After the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 separates the sludge, the solids are discharged through the slag discharge mechanism 3. At the same time, the separated liquid is recycled and reused through the liquid recovery mechanism 4. The feed conveying mechanism 1 is tightly connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 to ensure stable feeding and smooth processing; the slag discharge mechanism 3 is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 to discharge the separated solids in a timely manner to avoid blockage; and the liquid recovery mechanism 4 is connected to the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 and the feed conveying mechanism 1 respectively, realizing liquid recovery and recycling, saving water resources, improving operating efficiency, and reducing environmental pollution.

[0039] Furthermore, the feeding and conveying mechanism 1 includes a feeding assembly 11, a flow rate regulating assembly 12 and an anti-blocking assembly 13, the flow rate regulating assembly 12 and the feeding assembly 11 are fastened together, the anti-blocking assembly 13 and the feeding assembly 11 are fastened together, the feeding assembly 11 includes a feeding hopper 111, a conveying pipe 112, a supporting hull 113, a gathering blade 114, a shearing block 115, a follower frame 116, a transmission shaft 117, a feeding motor 118, a lifting block 119, a lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110, an articulated hydraulic cylinder 1111, an articulated rod 1112 and a movable plate 1113, the feeding hopper 111 and the articulated rod 1112 are articulated, the articulated rod 1112 and the supporting hull 113 are articulated, the feeding motor 118 and the feeding hopper 111 are articulated The feeding motor 118 is connected in transmission with the transmission shaft 117, the transmission shaft 117 is connected in transmission with the gathering blade 114, the transmission shaft 117 is connected in transmission with the shear block 115, the lifting block 119 is connected in sliding connection with the supporting hull 113, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 is connected in transmission with the supporting hull 113, the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 is connected in transmission with the lifting block 119, the lifting block 119 is hinged with the feeding hopper 111, the articulated hydraulic cylinder 1111 is articulated with the supporting hull 113, the articulated hydraulic cylinder 1111 is connected in transmission with the feeding hopper 111, the follower frame 116 is connected in rotation with the transmission shaft 117, the follower frame 116 is connected in transmission with the movable plate 1113, and the movable plate 1113 is connected in transmission with the flow rate regulating assembly 12.

[0040] By adopting the above technical solution, the feed hopper 111 is hinged to the supporting hull 113 through the hinge rod 1112, so that the feed hopper 111 can be swung and adjusted; one end of the articulated hydraulic cylinder 1111 is hinged to the supporting hull 113 and the other end is connected to the feed hopper 111 by transmission, and the feed hopper 111 is driven to swing and adjust the working angle by telescopic drive; the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 is tightly connected to the supporting hull 113, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 drives the lifting block 119 to slide along the supporting hull 113 to adjust the vertical height of the feed hopper 111; the feeding motor 118 is tightly connected to the feed hopper 111 and drives the gathering vane 114 to rotate through the transmission shaft 117, and the gathering vane 114 gathers and pushes the silt toward the conveying pipe 112, and the transmission shaft 117 simultaneously drives the shear block 115 to rotate, and the shear block 115 cuts larger debris to prevent the feed port from being blocked; the follower frame 116 is rotatably connected to the transmission shaft 117 and is tightly connected to the movable plate 1113. The swing of the follower frame 116 drives the movable plate 1113 to move, and the movable plate 1113 is tightly connected to the flow rate adjustment component 12, which can achieve precise flow rate adjustment and improve the reliability of equipment operation; the anti-blocking component 13 is tightly connected to the feed component 11, which effectively prevents the feed component 11 from being blocked, ensuring smooth transportation of silt, thereby improving dredging efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0041] Furthermore, the flow rate regulating assembly 12 includes a regulating valve 121, an iris assembly 122, a pressing block 123, a feed pipe 124, a fitting block 125, an iris elastic member 126 and a reset elastic member 127. The regulating valve 121 is fastened to the movable plate 1113, the regulating valve 121 is slidingly connected to the feed pipe 124, the iris assembly 122 is fastened to the feed pipe 124, the iris elastic member 126 is fastened to the iris assembly 122, the iris elastic member 126 is fastened to the fitting block 125, the fitting block 125 is slidingly connected to the feed pipe 124, the pressing block 123 is fastened to the regulating valve 121, the reset elastic member 127 is fastened to the regulating valve 121, the reset elastic member 127 is fastened to the iris assembly 122, and the pressing block 123 is abutted against the fitting block 125.

[0042] By adopting the above technical solution, the regulating valve 121 is tightly connected to the movable plate 1113 and is slidingly connected to the feed pipe 124. The movable plate 1113 pushes the regulating valve 121 to move along the feed pipe 124, thereby driving the pressing block 123 tightly connected to the regulating valve 121 to move; the pressing block 123 abuts the fitting block 125, and the fitting block 125 drives the iris assembly 122 to flexibly contract or expand through the tight connection with the iris elastic member 126, thereby realizing precise adjustment of the internal flow rate of the feed pipe 124; the iris assembly 122 controls the internal aperture size of the feed pipe 124 through the elastic deformation of the iris elastic member 126, and accurately controls the flow rate of the liquid in the pipe; the reset elastic member 127 is tightly connected to the regulating valve 121 and the iris assembly 122 respectively, ensuring that after the adjustment action is completed, the iris assembly 122 can return to its original position in time to maintain the stability of the flow rate of the feed pipe 124; ensuring the stability of the dredging equipment during operation, avoiding pipeline blockage, and improving the overall operation efficiency and reliability.

[0043] Furthermore, the anti-clogging component 13 includes a circulation pipe 131 and a nozzle 132 . The nozzle 132 is firmly connected to the feed hopper 111 . The nozzle 132 is in communication with the circulation pipe 131 . The circulation pipe 131 is in communication with the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 .

[0044] By adopting the above technical solution, the nozzle 132 is firmly connected to the feed hopper 111 and is communicated with the circulation pipe 131. The other end of the circulation pipe 131 is communicated with the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2. The liquid recovered from the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 is transported to the nozzle 132 through the circulation pipe 131. The nozzle 132 sprays the liquid at high pressure onto the inner wall of the feed hopper 111 and the entrance of the conveying pipe 112, continuously flushing the feed hopper 111 and the conveying channel, effectively preventing silt from adhering, accumulating and clogging during the feeding process, ensuring smooth feeding, reducing equipment downtime and maintenance time, and significantly improving the operating efficiency and stability of the dredging equipment.

[0045] Furthermore, the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 includes a sedimentation separation component 21, a filtration separation component 22 and a dehydration extrusion component 23. The sedimentation separation component 21 is located above the filtration separation component 22. The sedimentation separation component 21 is connected to the filtration separation component 22, and the filtration separation component 22 is connected to the dehydration extrusion component 23. The sedimentation separation component 21 includes a sedimentation separation cylinder 211, a spiral guide blade 212 and a vibration motor 213. The sedimentation separation cylinder 211 is connected to the feed pipe 124. The sedimentation separation cylinder 211 is a conical cylinder. The spiral guide blade 212 and the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 are firmly connected, and the vibration motor 213 and the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 are in contact.

[0046] By adopting the above technical solution, the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 adopts a conical cylinder structure and is connected to the feed pipe 124. The design of the gradually decreasing cross-section of the conical cylinder is used to gradually accelerate the sedimentation and separation of the mud entering the cylinder; the spiral guide blade 212 is tightly connected to the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 and is set on the inner wall of the cylinder, which can guide the mud to flow in a spiral path and accelerate the speed of solid particles settling downward; the vibration motor 213 is in contact with the sedimentation separation cylinder 211 and generates high-frequency vibration when working, which can effectively prevent solid particles from adhering to the cylinder wall, while promoting the rapid and clear formation of the solid-liquid interface and accelerating the sedimentation efficiency. The material that has been sedimented and separated flows rapidly into the filtration and separation component 22 below through gravity and vibration, further improving the efficiency and accuracy of solid-liquid separation, reducing the workload of the subsequent filtration and separation and dehydration extrusion components 23, and significantly improving the processing capacity and operating stability of the overall dredging equipment.

[0047] Furthermore, the filtering and separation assembly 22 includes a drum 221, a filter screen 222, a screw rod 223, a self-cleaning scraper 224, a cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 and a rotating motor 226. The drum 221 is arranged at an angle, the filter screen 222 and the drum 221 are fastened together, the rotating motor 226 and the drum 221 are fastened together, the rotating motor 226 and the screw rod 223 are transmission-connected, the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 and the screw rod 223 are fastened together, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 and the self-cleaning scraper 224 are transmission-connected.

[0048] By adopting the above technical solution, the drum 221 adopts an inclined arrangement, which is conducive to the mud being pushed forward along the inner surface of the drum 221 under the action of gravity; the filter screen 222 is tightly connected to the drum 221, and the preliminary separation of solid and liquid is achieved through the screening effect of the filter screen 222. The liquid is discharged through the filter screen 222, and the solid particles are retained on the inner surface of the filter screen 222; the rotating motor 226 is tightly connected to the drum 221, and drives the drum 221 to rotate through the screw rod 223, so that the mud continues to move forward evenly along the spiral trajectory to avoid local blockage; the self-cleaning scraper 224 is transmission-connected to the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 is tightly connected to the screw rod 223, driving the self-cleaning scraper 224 to fit the surface of the filter screen 222 for reciprocating motion, timely scraping off the solid particles adhered to the surface of the filter screen 222, preventing the filter screen 222 from being blocked, and continuously maintaining the good filtering effect of the filter screen 222, thereby improving the equipment operation stability, extending the maintenance cycle and improving the solid-liquid separation efficiency.

[0049] Furthermore, the dehydration extrusion assembly 23 includes an extrusion cylinder 231 and an extrusion cam 232. The extrusion cylinder 231 is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel. The extrusion cam 232 is fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 117 of the extrusion cylinder 231 and is connected to the motor transmission. A drainage hole 2311 is provided on the extrusion cylinder 231.

[0050] By adopting the above technical solution, the extrusion cylinder 231 in the dewatering extrusion assembly 23 is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel material, which has good corrosion resistance and structural strength and can adapt to long-term high-intensity work in complex mud media; the extrusion cam 232 is fixedly installed on the drive shaft 117 of the extrusion cylinder 231 and is connected to the motor transmission. The motor drives the drive shaft 117 to rotate and drive the extrusion cam 232 to periodically squeeze the mud cake in the cylinder 231, applying continuous intermittent radial pressure to the material during the rotation process; a plurality of drainage holes 2311 are provided on the extrusion cylinder 231. When the material is squeezed, the residual liquid inside is quickly discharged through the drainage holes 2311, thereby further removing the residual water in the mud; this structure greatly improves the dehydration efficiency through mechanical periodic extrusion and drainage of the drainage holes 2311, reduces the subsequent slag discharge load, and improves the final slag dryness, ensuring that the entire dredging process is stable and efficient.

[0051] Furthermore, the slag discharge mechanism 3 includes a conveyor belt 31, a valve 32, a slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33, a secondary filter screen 34 and a slag discharge box 35. The slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected, the secondary filter screen 34 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected, the slag discharge box 35 is connected to the extrusion cylinder 231, the valve 32 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected, and the conveyor belt 31 and the slag discharge box 35 are tightly connected.

[0052] By adopting the above technical solution, the slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, which can drive the mud cake or solid waste in the slag discharge box 35 to be quantitatively pushed out; the slag discharge box 35 is connected to the extrusion cylinder 231 for receiving the dehydrated solid material discharged by the extrusion cylinder 231, ensuring that the dehydrated slag material smoothly enters the slag discharge system; the secondary filter screen 34 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, and is arranged in the slag discharge channel to filter the residual liquid again to prevent the seepage from being discharged together with the solid, thereby improving the overall solid-liquid separation accuracy; the valve 32 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, which can control the opening and closing of the slag discharge port, realize precise control of the slag discharge timing, and avoid slag backflow or leakage; the conveyor belt 31 is tightly connected to the slag discharge box 35, which can continuously and stably transport the slag pushed out of the slag discharge box 35 to the designated stacking or treatment area, thereby realizing the automated transportation and treatment of solid waste, improving slag discharge efficiency, reducing labor burden, and enhancing the continuity and automation of dredging equipment operation.

[0053] Furthermore, the liquid recovery mechanism 4 includes a centrifugal pump 41 and a storage tank 42 , the centrifugal pump 41 and the storage tank 42 , the storage tank 42 and the extrusion cylinder 231 are connected, and the storage tank 42 and the circulation pipe 131 are connected.

[0054] By adopting the above technical solution, the centrifugal pump 41 in the liquid recovery mechanism 4 is used to extract the liquid discharged by dehydration from the extrusion cylinder 231 and transport it to the storage tank 42, so as to realize the efficient collection of the separated liquid; the storage tank 42 is connected with the extrusion cylinder 231, and is used to temporarily store the liquid discharged during the dehydration process to ensure that the liquid does not leak and is convenient for subsequent unified treatment; at the same time, the storage tank 42 is connected with the circulation pipe 131, and the stored liquid can be transported to the nozzle 132 of the anti-clogging component 13 through the circulation pipe 131 to realize the reuse of the cleaning liquid; this structure is powered by the centrifugal pump 41 to form a closed liquid recovery circulation system, which not only avoids the discharge of sewage and improves environmental protection benefits, but also realizes the reuse of water resources, reduces operating costs, and improves the economy and sustainability of the overall system operation.

[0055] Working principle of the present invention:

[0056] The feed hopper 111 in the feed assembly 11 is hinged to the supporting hull 113 through a hinged rod 1112, and the angle adjustment of the feed hopper 111 is achieved by driving the hinged hydraulic cylinder 1111. The lifting block 119 is driven by the lifting hydraulic cylinder 1110 to slide along the vertical direction of the supporting hull 113 to achieve the lifting and lowering of the feed hopper 111 to adjust the feeding position and depth; the feed motor 118 drives the gathering vane 114 and the shear block 115 to rotate through the transmission shaft 117, and the gathering vane 114 gathers the silt and sends it into the conveying pipe 112. The shear block 115 can cut large-sized solids to prevent blockage; the follower frame 116 is connected to the movable plate 1113 through the transmission shaft 117, and the movable plate 1113 further drives the flow rate adjustment assembly 12 to move. The flow rate adjustment assembly 12 pushes the regulating valve 121 via the movable plate 1113. The regulating valve 121, via the pressing block 123, drives the fitting block 125 to slide within the feed pipe 124. Simultaneously, the iris elastic member 126 acts on the iris assembly 122, causing it to flexibly deform. The flow rate within the pipe is adjusted by changing the aperture of the iris assembly 122. The reset elastic member 127 quickly resets the assembly, achieving precise flow rate control. The nozzle 132 in the anti-clogging assembly 13 is fixed to the inner wall of the feed hopper 111. It circulates the cleaning liquid processed by the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2 through the circulation pipe 131 and sprays it onto the inner wall of the feed hopper 111 and the feed inlet, preventing mud blockage. In the solid-liquid separation mechanism 2, the vibration motor 213 of the sedimentation separation component 21 acts on the sedimentation separation cylinder 211, causing it to generate high-frequency vibration, accelerating the solid-liquid stratification of the sludge, and the conical cylinder cooperates with the spiral guide blades 212 to quickly settle the solid particles and send them to the filtering and separation component 22 below; the rotating motor 226 of the filtering and separation component 22 drives the screw rod 223 to rotate, and at the same time the roller 221 is arranged at an angle, so that the solid-liquid mixture is spirally advanced along the filter screen 222, the liquid seeps through the filter screen 222, and the solid is scraped off by the self-cleaning scraper 224, and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder 225 pushes the self-cleaning scraper 224 to realize automatic cleaning of the filter screen 222; the extrusion cam 232 in the dehydration extrusion component 23 is driven to rotate by the motor, and the material in the extrusion cylinder 231 squeezes out the water under the periodic extrusion action of the cam and is discharged through the drainage hole 2311, thereby improving the dehydration efficiency. The solids squeezed and dehydrated in the slag discharge mechanism 3 are fed into a slag discharge box 35 via valve 32. The slag discharge hydraulic cylinder 33 pushes the material in the slag discharge box 35 through a secondary filter screen 34 to further filter out excess liquid, and finally the material is automatically transported and discharged via a conveyor belt 31, thereby improving the efficiency of slag material processing. The liquid recovery mechanism 4 uses a centrifugal pump 41 to pump the liquid released from the extrusion cylinder 231 into a storage tank 42. The storage tank 42 not only collects the dehydrated liquid but also connects to the nozzle 132 of the anti-clogging component 13 via a circulation pipe 131, realizing the recovery and reuse of the treated cleaning liquid, forming a closed-loop circulation system for liquid treatment, effectively improving the economic and environmental performance of equipment operation.

[0057] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

Claims

1. A hydraulic engineering dredging device with solid-liquid separation function, characterized by: The desilting equipment comprises a feed conveying mechanism (1), a solid-liquid separation mechanism (2), a slag discharge mechanism (3) and a liquid recovery mechanism (4); the feed conveying mechanism (1) and the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2) are tightly connected; the slag discharge mechanism (3) and the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2) are in communication; the liquid recovery mechanism (4) and the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2) are in communication; and the liquid recovery mechanism (4) and the feed conveying mechanism (1) are in communication; The feed conveying mechanism (1) comprises a feed assembly (11), a flow rate regulating assembly (12) and an anti-clogging assembly (13); the flow rate regulating assembly (12) and the feed assembly (11) are fastened together; the anti-clogging assembly (13) and the feed assembly (11) are fastened together; the feed assembly (11) comprises a feed hopper (111), a conveying pipe (112), a supporting hull (113), a gathering blade (114), and a shear block (115). , a follower frame (116), a transmission shaft (117), a feed motor (118), a lifting block (119), a lifting hydraulic cylinder (1110), an articulated hydraulic cylinder (1111), an articulated rod (1112) and a movable plate (1113), the feed hopper (111) and the articulated rod (1112) are articulated, the articulated rod (1112) and the supporting hull (113) are articulated, and the feed motor (118) and the feed hopper (111) are fastened together. The feeding motor (118) is connected to the transmission shaft (117) in a transmission connection, the transmission shaft (117) is connected to the gathering blade (114) in a transmission connection, the transmission shaft (117) is connected to the shear block (115) in a transmission connection, the lifting block (119) is connected to the supporting hull (113) in a sliding connection, the lifting hydraulic cylinder (1110) is connected to the supporting hull (113) in a fastening connection, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder (1110) is connected to the lifting block (119) in a transmission connection. The lifting block (119) and the feed hopper (111) are hinged, the articulated hydraulic cylinder (1111) and the supporting hull (113) are hinged, the articulated hydraulic cylinder (1111) and the feed hopper (111) are transmission-connected, the follower frame (116) and the transmission shaft (117) are rotationally connected, the follower frame (116) and the movable plate (1113) are fastened, and the movable plate (1113) and the flow rate regulating assembly (12) are fastened; The flow rate regulating assembly (12) comprises a regulating valve (121), an iris assembly (122), a pressing block (123), a feed pipe (124), a fitting block (125), an iris elastic member (126) and a reset elastic member (127), wherein the regulating valve (121) and the movable plate (1113) are fastened together, the regulating valve (121) and the feed pipe (124) are slidably connected, the iris assembly (122) and the feed pipe (124) are fastened together, and the iris elastic member (127) is fastened together. 6) is fastened to the iris assembly (122), the iris elastic member (126) is fastened to the fitting block (125), the fitting block (125) is slidably connected to the feed tube (124), the pressing block (123) is fastened to the regulating valve (121), the reset elastic member (127) is fastened to the regulating valve (121), the reset elastic member (127) is fastened to the iris assembly (122), and the pressing block (123) and the fitting block (125) are in abutment with each other.

2. The water conservancy project dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-clogging component (13) comprises a circulation pipe (131) and a nozzle (132), the nozzle (132) and the feed hopper (111) are tightly connected, the nozzle (132) and the circulation pipe (131) are in communication, and the circulation pipe (131) and the solid-liquid separation mechanism (2) are in communication.

3. The water conservancy project dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The solid-liquid separation mechanism (2) comprises a sedimentation separation component (21), a filtration separation component (22) and a dehydration extrusion component (23); the sedimentation separation component (21) is located above the filtration separation component (22); the sedimentation separation component (21) is in communication with the filtration separation component (22); the filtration separation component (22) is in communication with the dehydration extrusion component (23); the sedimentation separation component (21) comprises a sedimentation separation cylinder (211), a spiral guide vane (212) and a vibration motor (213); the sedimentation separation cylinder (211) is in communication with the feed pipe (124); the sedimentation separation cylinder (211) is a conical cylinder; the spiral guide vane (212) and the sedimentation separation cylinder (211) are tightly connected; and the vibration motor (213) and the sedimentation separation cylinder (211) are in abutment with each other.

4. The water conservancy project dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The filtering and separating assembly (22) comprises a drum (221), a filter screen (222), a spiral rod (223), a self-cleaning scraper (224), a cleaning hydraulic cylinder (225), and a rotating motor (226); the drum (221) is arranged obliquely; the filter screen (222) and the drum (221) are fastened together; the rotating motor (226) and the drum (221) are fastened together; the rotating motor (226) and the spiral rod (223) are transmission-connected; the cleaning hydraulic cylinder (225) and the spiral rod (223) are fastened together; and the cleaning hydraulic cylinder (225) and the self-cleaning scraper (224) are transmission-connected.

5. The water conservancy project dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The dehydration extrusion assembly (23) comprises an extrusion barrel (231) and an extrusion cam (232). The extrusion barrel (231) is a cylindrical body made of stainless steel. The extrusion cam (232) is fixedly mounted on a transmission shaft (117) of the extrusion barrel (231) and is connected to a motor in a transmission manner. A drainage hole (2311) is provided on the extrusion barrel (231).

6. The water conservancy project dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slag discharge mechanism (3) comprises a conveyor belt (31), a valve (32), a slag discharge hydraulic cylinder (33), a secondary filter screen (34) and a slag discharge box (35); the slag discharge hydraulic cylinder (33) and the slag discharge box (35) are tightly connected; the secondary filter screen (34) and the slag discharge box (35) are tightly connected; the slag discharge box (35) and the extrusion cylinder (231) are in communication; the valve (32) and the slag discharge box (35) are tightly connected; and the conveyor belt (31) and the slag discharge box (35) are tightly connected.

7. The water conservancy project dredging equipment with solid-liquid separation function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid recovery mechanism (4) comprises a centrifugal pump (41) and a storage tank (42), wherein the centrifugal pump (41) and the storage tank (42) are in communication with each other, the storage tank (42) is in communication with an extrusion cylinder (231), and the storage tank (42) is in communication with a circulation pipe (131).

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