Near-horizontal drilling suspended branch drill bit and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a nearly horizontal drilling suspended branch drill bit and a construction method thereof.The drill bit comprises a drill bit body and a retention mechanism, a drill rod is connected to the left end of the drill bit body, the retention mechanism comprises a retention ring, a first lantern ring and a second lantern ring which are sequentially connected from left to right, and a plurality of slope sliding holes are circumferentially formed in the ring wall of the retention ring; the rod wall of the drill rod is provided with a first bevel clamping groove corresponding to the bevel sliding hole, the bevel sliding hole is provided with a bevel clamping block matched with the first bevel clamping groove, the retention ring is sleeved with a sliding ring, the ring wall of the sliding ring is provided with a bevel guide hole for controlling the bevel clamping block to move, the outer wall of the left end of the sliding ring is provided with a flow blocking spacer ring, and a flow inlet cavity is formed between the first lantern ring and the drill rod. A flow inlet corresponding to the flow inlet cavity is formed in the ring wall of the first lantern ring, and a deflecting mechanism is installed on the inner wall of the second lantern ring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of coal mine drilling, and particularly to a near-horizontal drilling suspended branch bit and its construction method. Background Art

[0002] In the directional drilling operation in coal mines, in addition to completing the drilling task of the main hole, it is often necessary to drill various branch holes on the basis of the main hole, such as comb-shaped branch holes and geological exploration holes. At present, during the process of opening branch holes on the main hole, construction workers often use a whipstock for branch drilling. However, after the branch hole is opened, the whipstock is often not easy to recover, and construction workers need to use drill pipes and professional fishing tools to fish it out of the hole, resulting in complex procedures, low construction efficiency, and relatively high danger in the construction operation process.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a near-horizontal drilling suspended branch bit and its construction method to solve the problems raised in the above background art. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a near-horizontal drilling suspended branch bit, including a bit and a retaining mechanism. The left end of the bit is connected to a drill pipe. The retaining mechanism includes a retaining ring, a first collar, and a second collar connected in sequence from left to right. The retaining ring is provided with a plurality of inclined plane sliding holes arranged circumferentially on the ring wall. The drill pipe wall is provided with a first inclined plane clamping groove corresponding to the inclined plane sliding hole. The inclined plane sliding hole is provided with an inclined plane clamping block cooperating with the first inclined plane clamping groove. A sliding ring is sleeved outside the retaining ring. The ring wall of the sliding ring is provided with an inclined plane guiding hole for controlling the movement of the inclined plane clamping block. The outer wall of the left end of the sliding ring is provided with a flow-blocking spacer ring. An inflow cavity is formed between the first collar and the drill pipe. The ring wall of the first collar is provided with an inflow port corresponding to the inflow cavity. The inner wall of the second collar is provided with a deflecting mechanism.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the deflecting mechanism includes a spacer ring fixed to the inner wall of the right end of the second collar. An axially elastic plate one is fixed to the right end face of the spacer ring. The right end of the elastic plate one is connected to a guiding ring sleeved outside the drill pipe. An axially guiding rod is fixed to the left end face of the spacer ring. A plug ring sleeved outside the drill pipe is slidably mounted on the guiding rod. The plug ring and the spacer ring are connected by a fourth spring. The right end of the plug ring is fixed with an axially elastic plate two. The right end of the elastic plate two penetrates through the spacer ring and is connected to the guiding ring. The axial center line of the elastic plate one, the axial center line of the elastic plate two, and the axis of the guiding ring are in the same plane.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the drill pipe wall is further provided with a second inclined plane clamping groove corresponding to the inclined plane sliding hole. The second inclined plane clamping groove and the first inclined plane clamping groove are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drill pipe.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first elastic plate has a bending stress in a direction away from the guide ring.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a filter sheet is provided at the inlet.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a horizontal plate is provided in the middle of the left end of the inclined surface clamping block, a receiving groove corresponding to the horizontal plate is provided on the inner wall of the inclined surface sliding hole, the bottom of the receiving groove is connected to the horizontal plate through a second spring, and the horizontal plate is slidably connected to the receiving groove.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a sliding groove is provided at the upper end of the inclined surface clamping block, a top block slides on the sliding groove, and the top block is connected to the bottom of the sliding groove through a third spring.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a guiding block is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the sliding ring, a straight groove for sliding cooperation with the guiding block is provided on the ring wall of the retaining ring, and the left end of the straight groove is connected to the guiding block through a first spring.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a limiting clamping block for blocking the sliding ring is provided on the ring wall of the retaining ring.

[0013] A construction method for a nearly horizontal drilling and suspended branch drill bit includes the following steps:

[0014] Step 1: Increase the flow rate of the reflux liquid flowing back between the outer wall of the drill pipe and the inner wall of the drilling hole. The flowing reflux liquid pushes the control choke ring to move. The choke ring controls and pushes the inclined surface clamping block to disengage from the first inclined surface clamping groove. The upper end of the inclined surface clamping block abuts and is fixed to the inner wall of the drilling hole. The right end of the sliding ring is separated from the left end of the retaining ring. The refluxing reflux liquid enters the inlet chamber.

[0015] Step 2: Increase the flow rate of the reflux liquid again. The capacity of the reflux liquid in the inlet chamber is increased, pushing the plug ring to compress the fourth spring. The plug ring drives the second elastic plate to push the guide ring to move. The second elastic plate and the first elastic plate cooperate to bend, driving the orifice of the guide ring to tilt.

[0016] Step 3: Simultaneously cooperate with the drill bit to perform branch drilling.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a nearly horizontal drilling and suspended branch drill bit and its construction method, having the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In the present invention, the reflux liquid flowing back between the outer wall of the drill pipe and the inner wall of the drilling hole pushes the flow-blocking spacer ring to move. The flow-blocking spacer ring can then push the inclined surface clamping block to move radially until it abuts against the inner wall of the drilling hole. As the flow rate of the reflux liquid increases, the abutting strength of the inclined surface clamping block against the inner wall of the drilling hole becomes greater. The inclined surface clamping block simultaneously limits the fixing ring. When the inclined surface clamping block disengages from the first inclined surface slot, the drill pipe body can move axially. When the position of the first inclined surface slot corresponds to that of the inclined surface clamping block, the flow rate of the reflux liquid is reduced, and the inclined surface clamping block can be reset to the first inclined surface slot, enabling the fixing mechanism to move together with the drill pipe 1 and enabling branch drilling to be carried out along with the drilling.

[0019] In the present invention, by controlling the flow rate of the reflux liquid, the reflux liquid pushes the flow-blocking spacer ring to drive the sliding ring to separate from the second sleeve ring, enabling the inflow chamber to communicate with the reflux liquid. The control plug ring drives the second elastic plate to move, and the length of the second elastic plate increases. The length of the first elastic plate is fixed. The second elastic plate and the first elastic plate cooperate to bend, driving and changing the orientation of the orifice of the guiding ring, thereby changing the orientation of the drill bit to carry out branch drilling. Moreover, by controlling the intensity of the flow rate of the reflux liquid, the degree of bending of the cooperation between the second elastic plate and the first elastic plate can be controlled, so that the selection range of the inclination angle of the branch drilling is wider, improving the construction efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a near-horizontal drilling suspended branch drill bit of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 of the present invention Figure 1 cross-sectional structural diagram;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first inclined surface slot and the second inclined surface slot of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding ring of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the fixing ring of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the filter sheet of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the hole deviation mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the cross plate of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the sliding groove of the present invention;

[0029] In the figure: 1. Drill bit; 2. Drill pipe; 3. Retaining mechanism; 4. Slip ring; 5. Inclination mechanism; 21. First inclined surface slot; 22. Second inclined surface slot; 31. Retaining ring; 32. First sleeve ring; 33. Second sleeve ring; 34. Inclined surface block; 311. Inclined surface sliding hole; 312. Straight groove; 313. First spring; 314. Limit block; 315. Accommodating groove; 321. Inlet port; 322. Filter sheet; 341. Cross plate; 342. Second spring; 343. Sliding groove; 344. Top block; 345. Third spring; 41. Inclined surface guide hole; 42. Flow blocking partition ring; 43. Guide block; 51. Partition ring; 52. First elastic plate; 53. Guide ring; 54. Plug ring; 55. Second elastic plate; 56. Guide rod; 57. Fourth spring. Specific implementation mode

[0030] Referring to Figures 1-9 , the present invention provides a technical solution: a near-horizontal drilling suspended branch drill bit, including a drill bit 1 and a retaining mechanism 3. The left end of the drill bit 1 is connected to a drill pipe 2. The retaining mechanism 3 includes a retaining ring 31, a first sleeve ring 32 and a second sleeve ring 33 connected in sequence from left to right. A plurality of inclined surface sliding holes 311 are arranged circumferentially on the wall of the retaining ring 31. The wall of the drill pipe 2 is provided with a first inclined surface slot 21 corresponding to the inclined surface sliding hole 311. The inclined surface sliding hole 311 is installed with an inclined surface block 34 that cooperates with the first inclined surface slot 21. A slip ring 4 is sleeved outside the retaining ring 31. The wall of the slip ring 4 is provided with an inclined surface guide hole 41 for controlling the movement of the inclined surface block 34. The outer wall of the left end of the slip ring 4 is provided with a flow blocking partition ring 42. An inlet cavity is formed between the first sleeve ring 32 and the drill pipe 2. The wall of the first sleeve ring 32 is provided with an inlet port 321 corresponding to the inlet cavity. The inner wall of the second sleeve ring 33 is installed with an inclination mechanism 5. The flow blocking partition ring 42 is pushed to move by the return liquid flowing back between the outer wall of the drill pipe 2 and the inner wall of the drill hole. The flow blocking partition ring 42 can push the inclined surface block 34 to move radially until it abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole. As the flow rate of the return liquid increases, the abutting strength of the inclined surface block 34 against the inner wall of the drill hole becomes greater. The inclined surface block 34 simultaneously limits the retaining ring 31. When the inclined surface block 34 disengages from the first inclined surface slot 21, the rod body of the drill pipe 2 can move axially. When the positions of the first inclined surface slot 21 and the inclined surface block 34 correspond, the flow rate of the return liquid is reduced, and the inclined surface block 34 can be reset into the first inclined surface slot 21, so that the retaining mechanism 3 can move together with the drill pipe 1 and can perform branch drilling while drilling.

[0031] In this embodiment, the whipstock mechanism 5 includes a spacer ring 51 fixed to the inner wall of the right end of the second collar 33. An axially arranged first elastic plate 52 is fixed to the right end face of the spacer ring 51. The right end of the first elastic plate 52 is connected to a guide ring 53 sleeved outside the drill pipe 2. An axially arranged guide rod 56 is fixed to the left end face of the spacer ring 51. A plug ring 54 sleeved outside the drill pipe 2 is slidably mounted on the guide rod 56. The plug ring 54 is connected to the spacer ring 511 through a fourth spring 57. An axially arranged second elastic plate 55 is fixed to the right end of the plug ring 54. The right end of the second elastic plate 55 passes through the spacer ring 51 and is connected to the guide ring 53. The axial centerlines of the first elastic plate 52, the second elastic plate 55, and the axis of the guide ring 53 are in the same plane. Specifically, after the flow rate of the return liquid increases, the return liquid pushes the flow-blocking spacer ring 42 to drive the sliding ring 4 to separate from the second collar 33, so that the inflow chamber is communicated with the return liquid. After the flow rate of the return liquid increases again, the pressure of the return liquid in the inflow chamber increases, pushing the plug ring 54 to compress the fourth spring 57. The plug ring 54 drives the second elastic plate 55 to move to the right. The length of the second elastic plate 55 increases. The length of the first elastic plate 52 is fixed. The second elastic plate 55 and the first elastic plate 52 cooperate to bend, driving and changing the orientation of the orifice of the guide ring 53, thereby changing the orientation of the drill bit 1 to perform branched drilling. Moreover, by controlling the magnitude of the flow rate of the return liquid, the degree of bending cooperation between the second elastic plate 55 and the first elastic plate 52 can be controlled, so that the selection range of the inclination angle of the branched drilling is wider, improving the construction efficiency.

[0032] In this embodiment, a second inclined surface slot 22 corresponding to the inclined surface slide hole 311 is further provided on the wall of the drill pipe 2. The second inclined surface slot 22 and the first inclined surface slot 21 are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drill pipe 2. Specifically, initially, the retaining mechanism 3 is installed in the area of the first inclined surface slot 21. When performing branched drilling, at this time, the retaining mechanism 3 separates from the first inclined surface slot 21, and the drill bit 1 performs branched drilling. When the second inclined surface slot 22 corresponds to the inclined surface block 34 in the retaining mechanism 3, at this time, by reducing the flow rate of the return liquid, the retaining mechanism 3 can be installed in the area of the second inclined surface slot 21 and enter the branched drilling along with the drill pipe 2. After the retaining mechanism 3 enters the branched drilling, by increasing the flow rate of the return liquid again, the inclined surface block 34 in the retaining mechanism 3 can be separated from the second inclined surface slot 22. At this time, by controlling the drill pipe 2 to retract, the first inclined surface slot 21 corresponds to the inclined surface block 34, and the flow rate of the return liquid is reduced again, so that the retaining mechanism 3 is installed in the area of the first inclined surface slot 21 for subsequent continuous branched drilling, thereby making the construction process of the branched drilling more flexible and efficient.

[0033] In this embodiment, the elastic plate 1 52 has a bending stress in a direction away from the guide ring 53, that is, the elastic plate 1 52 is preset with a certain bending stress. When the elastic plate 2 55 pushes the guide ring 53, the bending stress of the elastic plate 1 52 drives the elastic plate 1 52 to bend, so as to control the ring mouth direction of the guide ring 53 more smoothly and accurately.

[0034] In this embodiment, a filter sheet 322 is provided at the inlet 321 to prevent slag from accumulating in the inlet cavity and causing blockage.

[0035] In this embodiment, a horizontal plate 341 is provided in the middle of the left end of the inclined surface block 34, and a receiving groove 315 corresponding to the horizontal plate 341 is provided on the wall of the inclined surface sliding hole 311. The bottom of the receiving groove 315 is connected to the horizontal plate 341 through a second spring 342, and the horizontal plate 341 is slidably connected to the receiving groove 315 so that the second spring 342 drives the inclined surface block 34 to reset.

[0036] In this embodiment, a slide groove 343 is provided at the upper end of the inclined surface block 34, and a top block 344 slides on the slide groove 343, and the top block 344 is connected to the bottom of the slide groove 343 through a spring three 345; specifically, when the top block 344 compresses the spring three 345, the lower end of the inclined surface block 34 does not disengage from the inclined surface groove one 21 or the inclined surface groove two 22, and when the top block 344 compresses the spring three 345 to a certain extent, the lower end of the inclined surface block 34 disengages from the inclined surface groove one 21 or the inclined surface groove two 22, so that the contact between the inclined surface block 34 and the inner wall of the drill hole is more firm.

[0037] In this embodiment, a guide block 43 is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the slip ring 42, and a straight groove 312 is provided on the ring wall of the retaining ring 41 to slide with the guide block 43, and the left end of the straight groove 312 is connected to the guide block 43 through a spring 1 313.

[0038] In this embodiment, the retaining ring 41 is provided with a limiting block 314 on its ring wall for stopping the slip ring 4 .

[0039] In specific implementation, it includes the following steps:

[0040] Step 1: Increase the flow rate of the reflux fluid between the outer wall of the drill pipe 2 and the inner wall of the borehole. The reflux fluid flows to push the flow-blocking ring 42 to move. The flow-blocking ring 42 controls and pushes the inclined surface block 34 to separate from the inclined surface slot 1 21. The upper end of the inclined surface block 34 abuts against the inner wall of the borehole and is fixed. The right end of the slip ring 4 is separated from the left end of the retaining ring 31, and the reflux fluid flows into the inlet chamber.

[0041] Step 2: Increase the flow rate of the reflux liquid again to increase the volume of the reflux liquid in the inflow chamber, pushing the plug ring 54 to compress the spring four 57. The plug ring 54 drives the elastic plate two 55 to push the guide ring 53 to move. The elastic plate two 55 and the elastic plate one 52 cooperate to bend, driving the orifice of the guide ring 53 to tilt.

[0042] Step 3: Simultaneously cooperate with the drill bit 1 to perform branch drilling. Among them, when the inclined surface slot two 22 corresponds to the inclined surface block 34 in the retention mechanism 3, at this time, by reducing the flow rate of the reflux liquid, the retention mechanism 3 can be installed in the area of the inclined surface slot two 21 and enter the branch drilling along with the drill pipe 2. After the retention mechanism 3 enters the branch drilling, by increasing the flow rate of the reflux liquid again, the inclined surface block 34 in the retention mechanism 3 can be separated from the inclined surface slot two 22. At this time, by controlling the drill pipe 2 to retract, the inclined surface slot one 21 corresponds to the inclined surface block 34, and by reducing the flow rate of the reflux liquid again, the retention mechanism 3 can be installed in the area of the inclined surface slot one 21 to facilitate continuous branch drilling in the future, thereby making the construction process of the branch drilling more flexible and efficient.

[0043] The above is only a specific and preferred embodiment of the invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the invention, according to the technical solution of the invention and its inventive concept, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A near-horizontal drilling suspended branch drill bit, comprising a drill bit (1) and a retaining mechanism (3), wherein the left end of the drill bit (1) is connected to a drill pipe (2), and is characterized in that, The retention mechanism (3) includes a retention ring (31), a first sleeve ring (32), and a second sleeve ring (33) that are connected in sequence from left to right. The circumferential wall of the retention ring (31) is provided with a plurality of inclined plane sliding holes (311) arranged in a circular pattern. The rod wall of the drill pipe (2) is provided with a first inclined plane clamping groove (21) corresponding to the inclined plane sliding hole (311). An inclined plane clamping block (34) that cooperates with the first inclined plane clamping groove (21) is installed in the inclined plane sliding hole (311). A sliding ring (4) is sleeved outside the retention ring (31). The circumferential wall of the sliding ring (4) is provided with an inclined plane guide hole (41) for controlling the movement of the inclined plane clamping block (34). A flow-blocking partition ring (42) is provided on the outer wall of the left end of the sliding ring (4). An inflow cavity is formed between the first sleeve ring (32) and the drill pipe (2). The circumferential wall of the first sleeve ring (32) is provided with an inflow port (321) corresponding to the inflow cavity. The deflecting mechanism (5) is installed on the inner wall of the second sleeve ring (33).

2. A nearly horizontal drilling suspended branch drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the deflecting mechanism (5) includes a partition ring (51) fixed to the inner wall of the right end of the second sleeve ring (33). An axial elastic plate one (52) is fixed to the right end face of the partition ring (51). The right end of the elastic plate one (52) is connected to a guide ring (53) sleeved outside the drill pipe (2). An axial guide rod (56) is fixed to the left end face of the partition ring (51). A plug ring (54) sleeved outside the drill pipe (2) is slidably installed on the guide rod (56). The plug ring (54) and the partition ring (511) are connected by a fourth spring (57). An axial elastic plate two (55) is fixed to the right end of the plug ring (54). The right end of the elastic plate two (55) passes through the partition ring (51) and is connected to the guide ring (53). The axial center line of the elastic plate one (52), the axial center line of the elastic plate two (55), and the axis of the guide ring (53) are in the same plane.

3. The near-horizontal drilling and suspended branch bit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rod wall of the drill pipe (2) is further provided with a second inclined plane clamping groove (22) corresponding to the inclined plane sliding hole (311). The second inclined plane clamping groove (22) and the first inclined plane clamping groove (21) are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the drill pipe (2).

4. A nearly horizontal drilling and suspended branch bit according to claim 1, characterized in that The elastic plate one (52) has a bending stress in the direction away from the guide ring (53).

5. A near-horizontal drilling and suspended branch bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A filter sheet (322) is provided at the inflow port (321).

6. A near-horizontal drilling suspended branch bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A transverse plate (341) is provided in the middle of the left end of the inclined plane clamping block (34). The hole wall of the inclined plane sliding hole (311) is provided with a receiving groove (315) corresponding to the transverse plate (341). The bottom of the receiving groove (315) and the transverse plate (341) are connected by a second spring (342). The transverse plate (341) is slidably connected to the receiving groove (315).

7. A near-horizontal drilling suspended branch bit according to claim 1, characterized in that A sliding groove (343) is provided at the upper end of the inclined plane clamping block (34). A top block (344) slides on the sliding groove (343). The top block (344) and the bottom of the sliding groove (343) are connected by a third spring (345).

8. A nearly horizontal drilling and suspended branch bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, A guide block (43) is provided on the inner wall of the left end of the sliding ring (42). The circumferential wall of the retention ring (41) is provided with a straight groove (312) that cooperates with the guide block (43) for sliding. The left end of the straight groove (312) and the guide block (43) are connected by a first spring (313).

9. The near-horizontal drilling suspended branch bit according to claim 8, wherein The ring wall of the retaining ring (41) is provided with a limit block (314) for blocking the sliding ring (4).

10. A construction method for a near-horizontal drilling suspended branch-opening bit, which uses a near-horizontal drilling suspended branch-opening bit as described in any one of claims 3-9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Increase the flow rate of the reflux liquid flowing back between the outer wall of the drill pipe (2) and the inner wall of the drill hole. The flowing reflux liquid pushes the control flow-blocking partition ring (42) to move. The flow-blocking partition ring (42) controls and pushes the inclined surface block (34) to disengage from the first inclined surface slot (21). The upper end of the inclined surface block (34) abuts against the inner wall of the drill hole for retention. The right end of the sliding ring (4) is separated from the left end of the retaining ring (31). The reflux liquid flowing back enters the inflow cavity; Step 2: Further increase the flow rate of the reflux liquid flowing back. The capacity of the reflux liquid in the inflow cavity is increased, pushing the plug ring (54) to compress the fourth spring (57). The plug ring (54) drives the second elastic plate (55) to push the guide ring (53) to move. The second elastic plate (55) and the first elastic plate (52) cooperate to bend, driving the orifice of the guide ring (53) to incline; Step 3: At the same time, cooperate with the drill bit (1) to perform branch drilling.

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