Blow-down loop and gas turbine system

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of gas turbines, and discloses a blow-off loop and a gas turbine system.The blow-off loop comprises an on-duty stage unit and a main combustion stage unit, the on-duty stage unit comprises an on-duty stage blowing module connected with a high-pressure air inlet, and the main combustion stage unit comprises a main combustion stage blowing module connected with a high-pressure air outlet. The main combustion stage air blowing module is connected with the high-pressure air inlet; the high-temperature and high-pressure air generated by the gas compressor of the gas turbine is used for blowing away fuel oil, equipment such as an air source or a heater does not need to be additionally arranged, the whole system is simple, the failure rate is low, safe and stable operation of the gas turbine can be guaranteed to the maximum extent, residual oil in all levels of fuel mother pipes and nozzles can be blown away in the shutdown process and after shutdown, and the service life of the gas turbine is prolonged. And the phenomena of coking and carbon deposition in a high-temperature environment can be prevented, impurities in the fuel mother pipes and the nozzles at all levels can be blown away before the machine is started or in the machine starting process, and the impurities, insects and the like are prevented from entering the fuel mother pipes and the nozzles after the machine is stopped.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of gas turbines, and in particular to a purge circuit and a gas turbine system. Background Art

[0002] Currently, the fuel of aero-engines mainly consists of aviation kerosene, and some ground gas turbines also use diesel as fuel. After the gas turbine stops, the temperature of the hot-end components such as the combustion chamber is still very high and cannot drop to normal temperature in a short time. However, at this time, there is fuel in the fuel pipeline and fuel nozzle. The fuel is prone to phenomena such as coking and carbon deposition at high temperatures. On the one hand, coking and carbon deposition will reduce the flow channel diameter, resulting in a decrease in fuel flow rate. On the other hand, it will cause the atomization performance of the nozzle to deteriorate, ultimately leading to problems such as a decrease in combustion efficiency, an increase in pollutant emissions, and a deterioration in the quality of the outlet temperature distribution. Therefore, the fuel nozzles on aero-engines and ground gas turbines need to be cleaned or replaced regularly.

[0003] In order to prevent coking and carbon deposition, currently, aero-engines and ground gas turbines basically adopt the method of installing an oil drain valve and a return oil pipeline in the fuel system, and rely on the relatively high cavity pressure in the combustion chamber casing after the gas turbine stops to drain the remaining oil in the fuel manifold and fuel nozzle. This method of installing an oil drain valve and a return oil pipeline not only increases the complexity and weight of the entire system, but also has the risk of polluting the fuel tank and fuel, and the effect in preventing coking and carbon deposition is also relatively limited. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to remove the fuel in the fuel pipeline and fuel nozzle.

[0005] The above technical problem is solved by the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a purge circuit, which includes,

[0006] A duty class unit, the duty class unit includes a duty class purge air module, and the duty class purge air module is connected to a high-pressure air inlet;

[0007] A main combustion stage unit, the main combustion stage unit includes a main combustion stage purge air module, and the main combustion stage purge air module is connected to a high-pressure air inlet;

[0008] A control unit, the control unit is connected to the duty class unit and the main combustion stage unit;

[0009] A monitoring unit, the monitoring unit is connected to the duty class unit and the main combustion stage unit.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the purging circuit of the present invention: the value class blowing module includes a value class three-way valve connected to the high-pressure air inlet pipe, a value class fuel main pipe connected to the value class three-way valve through a pipe, and a value class nozzle connected to the value class fuel main pipe through a pipe.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of the purging circuit of the present invention: the value class unit further includes a value class feeding module;

[0012] The value class feeding module includes a value class regulating valve connected to the value class fuel inlet pipe, the value class three-way valve connected to the value class regulating valve through a pipe, the value class fuel main pipe connected to the value class three-way valve through a pipe, and the value class nozzle connected to the value class fuel main pipe through a pipe.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the purging circuit of the present invention: the main combustion stage blowing module includes a main combustion stage three-way valve connected to the high-pressure air inlet pipe, a main combustion stage fuel main pipe connected to the main combustion stage three-way valve through a pipe, and a main combustion stage nozzle connected to the main combustion stage fuel main pipe through a pipe.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the purging circuit of the present invention: the main combustion stage unit further includes a main combustion stage feeding module;

[0015] The main combustion stage feeding module includes a main combustion stage regulating valve connected to the main combustion stage fuel inlet pipe, the main combustion stage three-way valve connected to the main combustion stage regulating valve through a pipe, the main combustion stage fuel main pipe connected to the main combustion stage three-way valve through a pipe, and the main combustion stage nozzle connected to the main combustion stage fuel main pipe through a pipe.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the purging circuit of the present invention: the control unit includes a fuel supply controller, and a first flame detector and a gas turbine controller electrically connected to the fuel supply controller;

[0017] The fuel supply controller is electrically connected to the value class three-way valve, the value class regulating valve, the main combustion stage three-way valve, and the main combustion stage regulating valve respectively.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the purging circuit of the present invention: the monitoring unit includes a fuel supply monitor, and a value class fuel main pipe pressure sensor and a main combustion stage fuel main pipe pressure sensor electrically connected to the fuel supply monitor;

[0019] The fuel supply monitor is electrically connected to the value class three-way valve and the main combustion stage three-way valve respectively;

[0020] The value-class fuel main pipe pressure sensor is connected to the value-class fuel main pipe, and the main combustion stage fuel main pipe pressure sensor is connected to the main combustion stage fuel main pipe.

[0021] The present invention also provides a gas turbine system.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the gas turbine system of the present invention: A gas turbine system includes the purge circuit described above, and further includes a gas turbine body and a power generation circuit;

[0023] The gas turbine body is connected to the high-pressure air inlet;

[0024] The gas turbine body converts the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical energy, and the power generation circuit is used for power generation.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the gas turbine system of the present invention: The gas turbine body includes a compressor connected to the high-pressure air inlet, a combustion chamber connected to the compressor, and a turbine and a second flame detector connected to the combustion chamber;

[0026] The compressor is connected to the turbine by a shaft.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the gas turbine system of the present invention: The power generation circuit includes a generator connected to the turbine by a shaft.

[0028] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention uses the high-temperature and high-pressure air generated by the gas turbine compressor to purge the fuel oil, without the need to additionally increase equipment such as a gas source or a heater. The entire system is simple, has a low failure rate, can ensure the safe and stable operation of the gas turbine to the greatest extent, and can purge the remaining oil in each stage of the fuel main pipe and the nozzle during and after shutdown to prevent coking and carbon deposition phenomena in a high-temperature environment. It can also purge the impurities in each stage of the fuel main pipe and the nozzle before or during startup to prevent impurities, insects, etc. from entering the fuel main pipe and the nozzle after shutdown. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention. Among them:

[0030] Figure 1 Shows a schematic diagram of the purge circuit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 Shows a schematic diagram of the gas turbine system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The terms used in the present invention are those general terms currently widely used in the art in consideration of the functions of the present invention, but these terms may vary according to the intentions of those of ordinary skill in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in this case, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present invention. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but based on the meanings of the terms and the overall description of the present invention.

[0034] Referring to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a purging circuit, including,

[0035] The duty class unit 1, the duty class unit 1 includes a duty class blowing module 11, and the duty class blowing module 11 is connected to the high-pressure air inlet a;

[0036] The main combustion stage unit 2, the main combustion stage unit 2 includes a main combustion stage blowing module 21, and the main combustion stage blowing module 21 is connected to the high-pressure air inlet a;

[0037] The control unit 3, the control unit 3 is connected to the duty class unit 1 and the main combustion stage unit 2;

[0038] The monitoring unit 4, the monitoring unit 4 is connected to the duty class unit 1 and the main combustion stage unit 2.

[0039] The duty class blowing module 11 includes a duty class three-way valve 111 connected to the high-pressure air inlet a through a pipeline, a duty class fuel main pipe 112 connected to the duty class three-way valve 111 through a pipeline, and a duty class nozzle 113 connected to the duty class fuel main pipe 112 through a pipeline.

[0040] The main combustion stage blowing module 21 includes a main combustion stage three-way valve 211 connected to the high-pressure air inlet a through a pipeline, a main combustion stage fuel main pipe 212 connected to the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 through a pipeline, and a main combustion stage nozzle 213 connected to the main combustion stage fuel main pipe 212 through a pipeline.

[0041] The main combustion stage unit 2 further includes a main combustion stage feeding module 22;

[0042] The main combustion stage feeding module 22 includes a main combustion stage regulating valve 221 connected to the main combustion stage fuel inlet c through a pipeline, a main combustion stage three-way valve 211 connected to the main combustion stage regulating valve 221 through a pipeline, a main combustion stage fuel main pipe 212 connected to the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 through a pipeline, and a main combustion stage nozzle 213 connected to the main combustion stage fuel main pipe 212 through a pipeline.

[0043] The control unit 3 includes a fuel supply controller 31, a first flame detector 32 and a gas turbine controller 33 which are electrically connected to the fuel supply controller 31;

[0044] The fuel supply controller 31 is electrically connected to the shift class three-way valve 111, the shift class regulating valve 121, the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 and the main combustion stage regulating valve 221 respectively.

[0045] The monitoring unit 4 includes a fuel supply monitor 41, a shift class fuel header pressure sensor 42 and a main combustion stage fuel header pressure sensor 43 which are electrically connected to the fuel supply monitor 41;

[0046] The fuel supply monitor 41 is electrically connected to the shift class three-way valve 111 and the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 respectively;

[0047] The shift class fuel header pressure sensor 42 is connected to the shift class fuel header 112 through a pipeline, and the main combustion stage fuel header pressure sensor 43 is connected to the main combustion stage fuel header 212 through a pipeline.

[0048] During the starting process, the fuel supply and purge air control process is as follows:

[0049] S1: When starting the machine, the starter drives the gas turbine to rotate. The gas turbine controller 33 sends a purge signal to the fuel supply controller 31. The fuel supply controller 31 controls the shift class three-way valve 111 and the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 to switch to the purge state. The high-pressure exhaust gas of the compressor enters the high-pressure air inlet a, and then passes through the shift class three-way valve 111 and the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 to enter the shift class fuel header 112, the shift class nozzle 113, the main combustion stage fuel header 212 and the main combustion stage nozzle 213 for purging.

[0050] S2: When igniting, the gas turbine controller 33 sends the ignition signal and the shift class fuel flow signal to the fuel supply controller 31. The fuel supply controller 31 switches the shift class three-way valve 111 to the fuel supply state, and adjusts the shift class regulating valve 121 to the ignition opening. At the same time, the igniter is powered on for ignition, and fuel is supplied from the shift class fuel inlet b.

[0051] At this time, the main combustion stage fuel header 212 and the main combustion stage nozzle 213 are still in the purge state and do not participate in ignition.

[0052] S3: As the unit speed continues to increase, the main combustion stage nozzle 213 starts to work. At this time, the gas turbine controller 33 inputs the fuel flow signals of each stage to the fuel supply controller 31. The fuel supply controller 31 switches the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 to the fuel supply state, and by adjusting the opening of the main combustion stage regulating valve 221, sends an appropriate amount of fuel from the main combustion stage fuel inlet c to the main combustion stage nozzle 213.

[0053] At this time, the duty-class fuel header 112 and the duty-class nozzle 113 are also in the working state.

[0054] During the shutdown process, the fuel supply and purge air control process is as follows:

[0055] S1: As the unit speed decreases, the main combustion stage nozzle 213 stops working, the fuel supply controller 31 closes the main combustion stage regulating valve 221, switches the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 to the purge state, and the high-pressure exhaust gas of the compressor enters the main combustion stage fuel header 212 and the main combustion stage nozzle 213 through the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 for purging.

[0056] S2: After the unit flameout, the duty-class nozzle 113 stops working, the fuel supply controller 31 closes the duty-class regulating valve 121, switches the duty-class three-way valve 111 to the purge state, and the high-pressure exhaust gas of the compressor enters the duty-class fuel header 112 and the duty-class nozzle 113 through the duty-class three-way valve 111 for purging.

[0057] At this time, the first flame detector 32 shows that the flame signal disappears and sends a purge signal to the fuel supply controller 31. The fuel supply controller 31 reconfirms whether the duty-class three-way valve 111 and the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 are in the purge state, to prevent the combustion turbine controller 33 from failing to successfully send the purge signal to the fuel supply controller 31, which may cause coking and carbon deposition in the duty-class fuel header 112, the duty-class nozzle 113, the main combustion stage fuel header 212, and the main combustion stage nozzle 213.

[0058] S3: After shutdown, the duty-class three-way valve 111 and the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 remain in the purge state, that is, the fuel supply controller 31 maintains the purge signal and prepares for the next startup.

[0059] The monitoring method of the monitoring unit 4 is as follows:

[0060] Transmit the valve position information of the duty-class three-way valve 111 and the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 to the fuel supply monitor 41 through the signal line to determine whether the duty-class three-way valve 111 and the main combustion stage three-way valve 211 are in the fuel supply state, the purge state, or jammed.

[0061] A duty-class fuel header pressure sensor 42 and a main combustion stage fuel header pressure sensor 43 are installed on the duty-class fuel header 112 and the main combustion stage fuel header 212 to monitor the pressure in the fuel header and ensure the rationality of the operating state of the gas turbine fuel supply system.

[0062] The present invention uses the high-temperature and high-pressure air generated by the gas turbine compressor to blow out fuel, without the need to additionally increase equipment such as air sources or heaters. The entire system is simple and has a low failure rate, which can ensure the safe and stable operation of the gas turbine to the greatest extent. Moreover, during and after the shutdown process, it can blow out the remaining oil in the fuel main pipes and nozzles at all levels, preventing coking and carbon deposition phenomena from occurring in a high-temperature environment. It can also blow out impurities in the fuel main pipes and nozzles at all levels before or during the startup process, preventing impurities and insects from entering the fuel main pipes and nozzles after shutdown.

[0063] Before the unit ignites and after it shuts down, the exhaust gas of the compressor does not participate in combustion and work, but is directly discharged. Therefore, by extracting air from the high-pressure exhaust gas of the compressor in the present invention, the existing high-pressure air resources can be effectively utilized. During the startup and shutdown processes, the exhaust gas of the high-pressure compressor mainly enters the combustion chamber for combustion and work. Although a part of it is used as blowing air, it still participates in combustion after being sprayed out from the nozzle. Therefore, it will not cause a decrease in the work capacity of the gas turbine. Instead, it can effectively utilize the high-pressure exhaust gas.

[0064] Refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a gas turbine system, including a blowing circuit, and further including a gas turbine body 5 and a power generation circuit 6;

[0065] The gas turbine body 5 is connected to the high-pressure air inlet a;

[0066] The gas turbine body 5 converts the chemical energy of fuel into mechanical energy, and the power generation circuit 6 is used for power generation.

[0067] The gas turbine body 5 includes a compressor 51 connected to the high-pressure air inlet a, a combustion chamber 52 connected to the compressor 51, and a turbine 53 and a second flame detector 54 connected to the combustion chamber 52;

[0068] The compressor 51 and the turbine 53 are connected by a shaft, and the detection signals of the second flame detector 54 and the first flame detector 32 are the same.

[0069] The power generation circuit 6 includes a generator 61 connected to the turbine 53 by a shaft.

[0070] The compressor 51 provides compressed air to the combustion chamber 52. After the fuel and the compressed air are mixed, they burn sufficiently in the combustion chamber 52 to release heat to form high-temperature gas, and the high-temperature gas provides power for the rotation of the turbine 53.

[0071] In the power generation circuit 6, the rotation of the turbine 53 can be transmitted to the inside of the generator 61 through the shaft, so as to generate electricity.

[0072] In the gas turbine body 5, the rotation of the turbine 53 can be transmitted to the inside of the compressor 51 through the shaft, so as to provide compressed air for the compressor 51 and work in this cycle.

[0073] Finally, it should be noted that the methods and devices described in detail above are only examples, and those skilled in the art can modify these examples in different ways as long as they do not depart from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A purging circuit, characterized in that: including, a value class unit (1), the value class unit (1) includes a value class blowing module (11), and the value class blowing module (11) is connected to a high-pressure air inlet (a); a main combustion stage unit (2), the main combustion stage unit (2) includes a main combustion stage blowing module (21), and the main combustion stage blowing module (21) is connected to the high-pressure air inlet (a); a control unit (3), the control unit (3) is connected to the value class unit (1) and the main combustion stage unit (2); a monitoring unit (4), the monitoring unit (4) is connected to the value class unit (1) and the main combustion stage unit (2).

2. The purging circuit according to claim 1, wherein: The value class blowing module (11) includes a value class three-way valve (111) connected to the high-pressure air inlet (a) through a pipeline, a value class fuel main pipe (112) connected to the value class three-way valve (111) through a pipeline, and a value class nozzle (113) connected to the value class fuel main pipe (112) through a pipeline.

3. The purge circuit according to claim 2, wherein: The value class unit (1) further includes a value class feeding module (12); The value class feeding module (12) includes a value class regulating valve (121) connected to a value class fuel inlet (b) through a pipeline, the value class three-way valve (111) connected to the value class regulating valve (121) through a pipeline, the value class fuel main pipe (112) connected to the value class three-way valve (111) through a pipeline, and the value class nozzle (113) connected to the value class fuel main pipe (112) through a pipeline.

4. The purging circuit according to claim 3, characterized in that: The main combustion stage blowing module (21) includes a main combustion stage three-way valve (211) connected to the high-pressure air inlet (a) through a pipeline, a main combustion stage fuel main pipe (212) connected to the main combustion stage three-way valve (211) through a pipeline, and a main combustion stage nozzle (213) connected to the main combustion stage fuel main pipe (212) through a pipeline.

5. The purge circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The main combustion stage unit (2) further includes a main combustion stage feeding module (22); The main combustion stage feeding module (22) includes a main combustion stage regulating valve (221) connected to a main combustion stage fuel inlet (c) through a pipeline, the main combustion stage three-way valve (211) connected to the main combustion stage regulating valve (221) through a pipeline, the main combustion stage fuel main pipe (212) connected to the main combustion stage three-way valve (211) through a pipeline, and the main combustion stage nozzle (213) connected to the main combustion stage fuel main pipe (212) through a pipeline.

6. The purge circuit according to claim 5, wherein: The control unit (3) includes a fuel supply controller (31), a first flame detector (32) and a gas turbine controller (33) electrically connected to the fuel supply controller (31); The fuel supply controller (31) is electrically connected to the value class three-way valve (111), the value class regulating valve (121), the main combustion stage three-way valve (211) and the main combustion stage regulating valve (221) respectively.

7. The purge circuit according to claim 6, wherein: The monitoring unit (4) includes a fuel supply monitor (41), a value class fuel main pipe pressure sensor (42) and a main combustion stage fuel main pipe pressure sensor (43) electrically connected to the fuel supply monitor (41); The fuel supply monitor (41) is electrically connected to the shift-class three-way valve (111) and the main combustion-class three-way valve (211) respectively; The shift-class fuel header pressure sensor (42) is connected to the shift-class fuel header (112) through a pipeline, and the main combustion-class fuel header pressure sensor (43) is connected to the main combustion-class fuel header (212) through a pipeline.

8. A gas turbine system, characterized in that: It includes the purging circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and also includes a gas turbine body (5) and a power generation circuit (6); The gas turbine body (5) is connected to the high-pressure air inlet (a); The gas turbine body (5) converts the chemical energy of the fuel into mechanical energy, and the power generation circuit (6) is used for power generation.

9. The gas turbine system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The gas turbine body (5) includes a compressor (51) connected to the high-pressure air inlet (a), a combustion chamber (52) connected to the compressor (51), and a turbine (53) and a second flame detector (54) connected to the combustion chamber (52); The compressor (51) is connected to the turbine (53) through a shaft.

10. The gas turbine system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The power generation circuit (6) includes a generator (61) connected to the turbine (53) through a shaft.

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