Oxygen lance device of multi-source solid waste synergetic ultra-high temperature smelting furnace and using method

Abstract

The invention discloses an oxygen lance device of a multi-source solid waste synergistic ultra-high-temperature smelting furnace and a using method, and relates to the technical field of nonferrous metallurgy solid waste treatment.The oxygen lance device comprises an oxygen lance and a nozzle, an air flue is arranged in the middle of the nozzle, the oxygen lance penetrates through the air flue and is connected with the nozzle, a connecting flange is arranged at the rear end of the nozzle, and a plurality of sets of air pipes are arranged in the oxygen lance; a nozzle is arranged on the oxygen lance, so that different types of gases can be introduced, a spray head is arranged at the front end of the nozzle, a plurality of groups of spray holes which are circumferentially arranged are formed in the spray head, the spray holes are spiral, a cooling pipe is spirally wound on the oxygen lance and the nozzle, a flowing molten salt cooling medium is filled in the cooling pipe, the oxygen lance is communicated with gas input equipment, and the gas input equipment is electrically connected with an intelligent control system. The mixing effect of oxygen and melt can be effectively improved, efficient combustion and reaction are ensured, oxygen supply and injection modes can be accurately adjusted according to the temperature in the furnace, solid waste components and the melt state, optimization of the smelting reaction is ensured, and the resource recovery efficiency and the energy utilization rate are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy solid waste treatment, and particularly to an oxygen lance device and a using method of a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace. Background Art

[0002] With the improvement of the requirements for resource recycling, the efficient centralized treatment and resource utilization of multi-source solid waste have become one of the important development directions in the current metallurgical industry. However, there are many problems in traditional pyrometallurgical treatment technologies, such as high energy consumption, poor disposal ability for complex components, and great impact on the environment. In this context, the ultra-high temperature smelting technology has gradually attracted wide attention due to its characteristics of efficiently decomposing materials and high efficiency in recovering valuable metals. However, at present, the design and performance of the oxygen lance device in the smelting furnace have become one of the bottlenecks restricting the improvement of the efficiency of the collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting technology.

[0003] The application of traditional oxygen lances in the ultra-high temperature treatment of multi-source solid waste faces the following technical challenges:

[0004] Complex composition of multi-source solid waste: The composition of solid waste is complex and fluctuates greatly. Existing oxygen lances are difficult to achieve precise oxygen supply control for different materials, thus affecting the smelting reaction efficiency and product quality;

[0005] High-temperature and harsh environment: The smelting temperature requirement for multi-source solid waste is higher than that of general smelting, and due to the wide sources of solid waste, it may contain corrosive components such as sulfur and phosphorus. The durability and stability of traditional oxygen lances are difficult to meet the long-term use requirements;

[0006] Lack of process flexibility: During the smelting process, the oxygen supply amount and injection mode of the oxygen lance often cannot be precisely adjusted according to the dynamic changes in the furnace, and it is difficult to adapt to the complex process requirements of multi-source solid waste collaborative treatment;

[0007] Low resource and energy utilization rate: The mixing effect of oxygen and melt is not good, resulting in difficulties in further improving the resource recovery rate and energy utilization efficiency.

[0008] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an oxygen lance device and a using method of a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide an oxygen lance device and a using method of a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0011] An oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, comprising an oxygen lance and a nozzle. A wind channel is coaxially arranged in the middle of the nozzle. The oxygen lance penetrates through the wind channel and is connected to the nozzle. A connecting flange is arranged at the rear end of the nozzle for fixing the nozzle on the equipment body. Several groups of air pipes are arranged in the oxygen lance to allow different types of gases to pass through. A spray head is arranged at the front end of the nozzle, and several groups of spray holes arranged in a circular pattern are arranged in the spray head. The spray holes are spiral. Cooling pipes are spirally wound around the oxygen lance and the nozzle, and a flowing molten salt cooling medium is filled inside the cooling pipes. The oxygen lance is communicated with a gas input device, and the gas input device is electrically connected to an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system is used to monitor the temperature, solid waste composition and melt state in the smelting furnace, and precisely adjust the oxygen supply and injection angle.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present invention: The intelligent control system includes: an on-line molten metal temperature measurement system, an on-line molten metal composition analysis system, an expert system and a gas flow control device.

[0013] The on-line molten metal temperature measurement system adopts a combination of visual recognition and contact measurement. The visual temperature measurement system includes an infrared-visible light camera for obtaining images of the copper tapping and slag tapping positions; different thermocouples are arranged around the smelting furnace body and inserted into the refractory material of the furnace body to obtain the temperature of the refractory bricks at a certain distance from the melt in the furnace body.

[0014] The on-line molten metal composition analysis system adopts laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, which includes: a laser, a laser mirror, and a signal light collection lens. The signal is input into different channels of the spectrometer by using a one-to-many optical fiber, and the signal enters the computer, and the information of the matte composition during the copper smelting process is obtained through the built-in expert system.

[0015] The expert system includes a high-performance tower server and anti-interference transmission cables, which are used to comprehensively judge the furnace condition according to the results of the on-line molten metal temperature measurement system and the on-line molten metal composition analysis system, and realize on-line monitoring and real-time feedback adjustment of the smelting process.

[0016] The gas flow control device adopts a digital gas mass flow controller, which is used to precisely adjust the gas flow according to the information fed back by the expert system.

[0017] As a further scheme of the present invention: The molten salt cooling medium adopts a NaNO3-KNO3 system heat storage medium, and its temperature applicable range is 250°C - 500°C.

[0018] A usage method of an oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, including the above-mentioned oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, and further includes the following steps:

[0019] S1: Initialization: Determine the properties of the raw materials charged into the furnace, including the ratio and composition, and determine the water content of the raw materials, the air temperature T1, the oxygen temperature T2, and the oxygen concentration c.

[0020] S2: Process parameter setting: According to the structural characteristics of the furnace body and the parameters in S1, calculate the required smelting process parameters. Based on this, calculate physical property parameters such as the matte viscosity μ, the matte density ρ1, and the slag density ρ2, and operate according to the set parameters.

[0021] S3: Implementation and detection: During the smelting operation process, monitor the real-time smelting air pressure P 空 , and detect the real-time smelting oxygen pressure P 氧 through the oxygen station control system, and detect the height H1 of the matte layer and the height H2 of the slag layer in the smelting furnace during smelting.

[0022] S4: Feedback regulation: According to the parameters obtained in S3, conduct feedback regulation on the smelting process through an expert system. Adjust the gas supply ratio according to the real-time detected oxygen and air pressure conditions, and adjust the air pressure P 空 and the oxygen pressure P 氧 in real time; at the same time, according to the detected temperature distribution around the oxygen lance, determine the flow rate of the molten salt cooling medium to ensure that it does not affect the furnace body temperature distribution and can reduce the oxygen lance temperature.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The nozzle adopts a porous distribution and adjustable injection angle design, and the injection holes are spiral-shaped, which can effectively improve the mixing effect of oxygen and the melt, ensure efficient combustion and reaction, not only enhance the penetration of oxygen, but also dynamically adjust the injection mode according to the smelting process to improve the reaction rate.

[0025] 2. Through the intelligent control system, according to the furnace temperature, the solid waste composition, and the melt state, accurately adjust the oxygen supply and injection mode to ensure the optimization of the smelting reaction, and further improve the resource recovery efficiency and energy utilization rate.

[0026] 3. Using molten salt as the cooling medium, compared with water cooling and air cooling, the molten salt medium has a larger specific heat capacity and better control of the oxygen lance temperature. Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an oxygen lance device and its usage method for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 is a flow chart of the usage method of an oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the figure: 1. Oxygen lance; 2. Air duct; 3. Nozzle; 4. Connecting flange; 5. Cooling pipe. Specific implementation mode

[0030] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] In the embodiments of the present invention, please refer to Figure 1 , an oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, including an oxygen lance 1 and a nozzle 3. A wind duct is coaxially arranged in the middle of the nozzle 3. The oxygen lance 1 penetrates through the wind duct and is connected to the nozzle 3. A connecting flange 4 is arranged at the rear end of the nozzle 3 for fixing the nozzle 3 on the equipment body. A plurality of groups of air ducts 2 are arranged in the oxygen lance 1 for introducing different types of gases. A spray head is arranged at the front end of the nozzle 3. A plurality of groups of spray holes arranged in a circular pattern are arranged in the spray head. The spray holes are spiral. The oxygen lance 1 and the nozzle 3 are spirally wound with a cooling pipe 5. A flowing molten salt cooling medium is filled in the cooling pipe 5. The oxygen lance 1 is communicated with a gas input device (not shown in the figure). The gas input device is electrically connected to an intelligent control system (not shown in the figure). The intelligent control system is used to monitor the temperature, solid waste composition and melt state in the smelting furnace, and precisely adjust the oxygen supply and injection angle.

[0032] The nozzle 3 is installed on the smelting furnace through the connecting flange 4, and the oxygen lance 1 is connected to the nozzle 3. The intelligent control system precisely adjusts the oxygen supply and injection mode according to the temperature, solid waste composition and melt state in the furnace to ensure the optimization of the smelting reaction and further improve the resource recovery efficiency and energy utilization rate.

[0033] In this embodiment, the nozzle 3 adopts a porous distribution and adjustable injection angle design. The spray holes are spiral, which can effectively improve the mixing effect of oxygen and the melt, ensure efficient combustion and reaction. This design not only enhances the penetration of oxygen, but also can dynamically adjust the injection mode according to the smelting process to improve the reaction rate.

[0034] In this embodiment, the cooling pipe 5 is connected to a cooling regulator. The cooling regulator is used for the temperature change of the smelting furnace and automatically adjusts the cooling intensity to ensure that the oxygen lance can maintain the best performance under different working conditions.

[0035] As an embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent control system includes: an on-line molten metal temperature measurement system, an on-line molten metal composition analysis system, an expert system and a gas flow control device;

[0036] The on-line melt temperature measurement system adopts a combination of visual recognition and contact measurement. The visual temperature measurement system includes an infrared-visible light camera for obtaining images of the copper tapping and slagging positions. Different thermocouples are arranged around the smelting furnace body and inserted into the refractory of the furnace body to obtain the temperature of the refractory bricks at a certain distance from the melt in the furnace body. This temperature has a functional relationship with the melt temperature in the furnace. According to the signals of the visual recognition system at the copper tapping and slagging positions, combined with the indirectly measured temperature of the thermocouples, the internal temperature distribution of the furnace body can be obtained through the digital twin system, which serves as the basis for judging the need for oxygen supply and air volume.

[0037] The on-line melt composition analysis system adopts laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, which includes: a laser, a laser mirror, and a signal light collection lens. The signal is input into different channels of the spectrometer using a multi-branch optical fiber, and the signal enters the computer. The information on the matte composition during the copper smelting process is obtained through the built-in expert system.

[0038] The expert system includes a high-performance tower server and anti-interference transmission cables, which are used to comprehensively judge the furnace condition based on the results of the on-line melt temperature measurement system and the on-line melt composition analysis system, and realize on-line monitoring and real-time feedback adjustment of the smelting process.

[0039] The gas flow control device adopts a digital gas mass flow controller, which is used to accurately adjust the gas flow according to the information fed back by the expert system.

[0040] As an embodiment of the present invention, the molten salt cooling medium adopts a NaNO3-KNO3 system heat storage medium, and its applicable temperature range is 250°C - 500°C.

[0041] Adopting a NaNO3-KNO3 system heat storage medium with an applicable temperature range of 250°C - 500°C, compared with water cooling and air cooling, the molten salt medium has a larger specific heat capacity, and the temperature control of the oxygen lance 1 is better to keep the temperature of the oxygen lance within a safe range.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 2 , a usage method of an oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, including the above-mentioned oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, and further including the following steps:

[0043] S1: Initialization: Determine the properties of the raw materials entering the furnace, including the ratio, composition, etc., and determine the auxiliary parameters such as the water content of the raw materials, the air temperature T1, the oxygen temperature T2, and the oxygen concentration c.

[0044] S2: Process parameter setting: Based on the furnace body structure characteristics and the parameters in S1, calculate the required smelting process parameters, such as smelting temperature, oxygen content, air volume, slag volume, etc. Based on this, calculate physical property parameters such as matte viscosity μ, matte density ρ1, and slag density ρ2, and operate according to the set parameters;

[0045] S3: Implementation of detection: During the smelting operation process, monitor the real-time smelting air pressure P 空 , and detect the real-time smelting oxygen pressure P 氧 through the oxygen station control system, and detect the height H1 of the matte layer and the height H2 of the slag layer in the smelting furnace during smelting;

[0046] S4: Feedback regulation: Based on the parameters obtained in S3, perform feedback regulation on the smelting process through an expert system, adjust the gas supply ratio according to the real-time detected oxygen and air pressure conditions, and adjust the air pressure P 空 and the oxygen pressure P 氧 in real time; At the same time, according to the temperature distribution around the lance, determine the flow rate of the molten salt cooling medium to ensure that it does not affect the furnace body temperature distribution and can reduce the lance temperature.

[0047] For those skilled in the art, it is obvious that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of the present invention. Therefore, from any point of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description. Therefore, all changes falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims are intended to be included in the present invention. Any reference signs in the claims should not be regarded as limiting the claimed claims.

[0048] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to embodiments, not each embodiment only contains an independent technical solution. This narrative way of the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An oxygen lance device for a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, comprising an oxygen lance and a nozzle, characterized in that, A wind channel is coaxially provided in the middle of the nozzle. The oxygen lance penetrates through the wind channel and is connected to the nozzle. A connecting flange is provided at the rear end of the nozzle for fixing the nozzle on the equipment body. A number of groups of air pipes are provided in the oxygen lance to allow different types of gases to pass through. A nozzle head is provided at the front end of the nozzle. A number of groups of spray holes arranged in a circle are provided in the nozzle head. The spray holes are spiral. The oxygen lance and the nozzle are spirally wound with cooling pipes. A flowing molten salt cooling medium is contained inside the cooling pipes. The oxygen lance is communicated with a gas input device. The gas input device is electrically connected to an intelligent control system. The intelligent control system is used to monitor the temperature, solid waste composition and melt state in the smelting furnace, and accurately adjust the oxygen supply and injection angle.

2. The oxygen lance device of a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system includes: an on-line melt temperature measurement system, an on-line melt composition analysis system, an expert system and a gas flow control device. The on-line melt temperature measurement system adopts a combination of visual recognition and contact measurement. The visual temperature measurement system includes an infrared-visible light camera for obtaining images of the copper tapping and slag tapping positions. Different thermocouples are arranged around the smelting furnace body and inserted into the refractory material of the furnace body to obtain the temperature of the refractory bricks at a certain distance from the melt in the furnace body. The on-line melt composition analysis system adopts laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, which includes: a laser, a laser mirror, and a signal light collection lens. The signal is input into different channels of the spectrometer by using a one-for-many optical fiber. The signal enters the computer, and the matte composition information during the copper smelting process is obtained through the built-in expert system. The expert system includes a high-performance tower server and anti-interference transmission cables, which are used to comprehensively judge the furnace condition according to the results of the on-line melt temperature measurement system and the on-line melt composition analysis system, and realize on-line monitoring and real-time feedback adjustment of the smelting process. The gas flow control device adopts a digital gas mass flow controller, which is used to accurately adjust the gas flow according to the information fed back by the expert system.

3. The oxygen lance device of a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The molten salt cooling medium adopts a NaNO3-KNO3 system heat storage medium, and its applicable temperature range is 250°C - 500°C.

4. A method for using an oxygen lance device of a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace, including the oxygen lance device of a multi-source solid waste collaborative ultra-high temperature smelting furnace as described in claims 1-3, characterized in that, The following steps are also included: S1: Initialization: Determine the properties of the raw materials charged into the furnace, including the ratio and composition, and determine the water content of the raw materials, the air temperature T1, the oxygen temperature T2 and the oxygen concentration c. S2: Process parameter setting: According to the structural characteristics of the furnace body and the parameters in S1, calculate the required smelting process parameters. Based on this, calculate physical property parameters such as the matte viscosity μ, the matte density ρ1 and the slag density ρ2, and operate according to the set parameters. S3: Implement detection: During the smelting operation, monitor the real-time smelting air pressure P 空 , and detect the real-time smelting oxygen pressure P 氧 through the oxygen station control system, and detect the height H1 of the matte layer and the height H2 of the slag layer in the smelting furnace during smelting; S4: Feedback regulation: Based on the parameters obtained in S3, the smelting process is feedback-regulated by an expert system. The gas supply ratio is adjusted according to the real-time detected oxygen and air pressure conditions, and the air pressure P 空 and the oxygen pressure P 氧 are adjusted in real time. Meanwhile, according to the temperature distribution around the lance detected, the flow rate of the molten salt cooling medium is determined to ensure that it does not affect the temperature distribution of the furnace body and can reduce the lance temperature at the same time.

Images