Liquid magnesium cooling and collecting-heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting

Abstract

A magnesium liquid cooling and collecting-heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting comprises a vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace, the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace is connected with a magnesium liquid cooling collector, a first discharging port of the magnesium liquid cooling collector is connected with a feeding port of a solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank, and a second discharging port of the magnesium liquid cooling collector is connected with a second discharging port of the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank. A discharge hole of the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank is connected with a solid magnesium slurry particle nozzle of the magnesium liquid cooling collector through a gear pump; a second discharge hole of the liquid magnesium cooling collector is connected with an inlet of a liquid magnesium storage tank through a third-stage titanium metal filter; a liquid magnesium deposition area of the magnesium liquid cooling collector is connected with a heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator through a heat conduction device, and the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator is connected with a waste heat steam power generation device through a waste heat steam pipe. A third discharge hole of the magnesium liquid cooling collector is connected with the vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device; the continuous, efficient, low-carbon and low-pollution magnesium smelting production is realized through solid-liquid synergistic condensation and waste heat gradient utilization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of low-carbon smelting of non-ferrous metals, and particularly relates to a magnesium liquid cooling collection-thermosyphon steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting. Background Art

[0002] As the lightest metal structural material, magnesium has excellent specific strength, thermal conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance. It is a strategic key material for the lightweight of transportation equipment, the miniaturization of 3C products and the new energy field. The large-scale application of magnesium metal can significantly reduce the energy consumption of equipment operation. With the accelerating global green economic transformation, magnesium has become one of the most potential basic materials after steel and aluminum. However, the high energy consumption and high emission problems of existing smelting technologies seriously restrict its industrial upgrading.

[0003] At present, the mainstream magnesium smelting process is centered around the Pidgeon process (Che Yusi et al., Innovation, progress and development of the Pidgeon process for magnesium smelting in China [J]. World Nonferrous Metals, 2021, 16: 5-9.). It generates magnesium vapor by high-temperature vacuum reduction of dolomite and collects crystalline magnesium after condensation. This process has three major systematic defects: 1) High energy consumption and carbon emissions: Each ton of magnesium product consumes 8-12 tons of high-quality coal, but the comprehensive thermal efficiency is less than 40%, and the CO2 emission intensity per ton of magnesium product reaches 10-12 tons; 2) Low heat and mass transfer efficiency: The solid-solid reaction relies on heat conduction and radiation, and the low-thermal-conductivity pellet stack leads to a significant attenuation of the temperature gradient, and the reduction cycle is as long as 10-12 hours; 3) Serious waste of waste heat: The latent heat (about 3700 kJ / kg) of high-temperature magnesium vapor (1170-1250 °C) is not effectively recovered, and the cooling process relies on forced air cooling or inert gas spraying, and the waste heat utilization rate is less than 20%. Although improved technologies (such as the Magnetherm method, MTMP method, etc.) attempt to introduce liquid reactions or arc heating, they still face the common problems of insufficient waste heat recovery and system integration.

[0004] In summary, the existing traditional magnesium smelting process has the following disadvantages: (1) Efficient cooling of magnesium vapor and purity guarantee: The existing condensation technology has a slow response speed (>30 seconds), an oxidation rate >15%, and lacks a dynamic anti-pollution mechanism for liquid media; (2) Waste heat recovery and system energy efficiency improvement: The decentralized cooling and thermal system result in a heat energy loss >25%, which cannot meet the goal of "reducing the comprehensive energy consumption of magnesium smelting by 20% in 2030" in the Implementation Plan for Carbon Peaking in the Nonferrous Metals Industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnesium liquid cooling and collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting. Through solid-liquid collaborative condensation and waste heat cascade utilization technologies, rapid condensation and high-purity magnesium collection are achieved, thereby realizing continuous, efficient, low-carbon, and low-pollution production of magnesium smelting, which is of great significance for the green and high-quality development of the magnesium industry.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A magnesium liquid cooling and collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting, comprising a vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1. The discharge port 11 of the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 is connected to the magnesium vapor inlet 27 of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 through a first stop valve 81. The first discharge port 22 at the upper part of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to the inlet of a solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5 through a second stop valve 84. The outlet of the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5 is connected to the solid magnesium slurry particle spray port 21 of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 through a gear pump 10. The second discharge port 25 at the lower part of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to the inlet of a three-stage titanium metal filter 9 through a third stop valve 85. The outlet of the three-stage titanium metal filter 9 is connected to the inlet of a liquid magnesium storage tank 6. The liquid magnesium deposition area 24 at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to the heat pipe evaporation section 30 of a heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchanger 3 through a heat conduction device 26. The heat pipe condensation section 32 of the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchanger 3 is connected to a waste heat steam pipe 34. The waste heat steam pipe 34 is connected to a waste heat steam power generation device 7. The third discharge port 28 at the top of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to a vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4 through a fourth stop valve 83. The first stop valve 81, the second stop valve 84, the third stop valve 85, the fourth stop valve 83 and an intelligent control system 8 are electrically connected.

[0008] The furnace pressure of the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 is controlled to be 0.1 - 1 kPa, and the reaction temperature is set to be 1200 - 1350 °C.

[0009] A multi-stage variable-temperature condensation module is arranged inside the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2, and the temperature gradient is controlled to be 450 °C - 650 °C. At the same time, a cooling device 23 is arranged inside, and the cooling device 23 is connected to a temperature control and adjustment device 82 outside the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2. The temperature control and adjustment device 82 and the intelligent control system 8 are electrically connected.

[0010] The heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchanger 3 is inclined at an angle of 0 - 15° to optimize the return of the working medium. It is internally provided with a heat pipe evaporation section 30 and a heat pipe condensation section 32. Among them, the heat pipe evaporation section 30 is a liquid region 31, and the heat pipe condensation section 32 is a vapor region 33.

[0011] The described vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4 includes a cyclone separator and a high-voltage electrostatic dust removal module.

[0012] The described intelligent control system 8 dynamically adjusts the opening degrees of the first cut-off valve 81, the second cut-off valve 84, the third cut-off valve 85, and the fourth cut-off valve 83 through an intelligent PID algorithm to achieve closed-loop control of the magnesium flow rate, cooling rate, and jet intensity. At the same time, the temperature gradient control in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 is achieved through the temperature control adjustment device 82.

[0013] All the connecting pipes between the devices in the described magnesium liquid cooling collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting are vacuum connecting pipes, and the inner walls are sprayed with an Al2O3 ceramic coating to prevent magnesium adhesion.

[0014] The thermal conductivity of the described heat conduction device 26 > 1500W·m -1 ·K -1 。

[0015] The first cut-off valve 81, the second cut-off valve 84, the third cut-off valve 85, and the fourth cut-off valve 83 adopt solenoid valves, and the temperature control adjustment device 82 adopts a sensor network to achieve adaptive adjustment of process parameters.

[0016] An operation method of a magnesium liquid cooling collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting includes the following steps:

[0017] In the first step, through the intelligent control system 8, the first cut-off valve 81, the second cut-off valve 84, the third cut-off valve 85, and the fourth cut-off valve 83 are closed, and the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 is started. Hydrogen reducing agent is introduced, and the pressure of the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 is controlled to be 0.1 - 1 kPa and the temperature is 1200 - 1350 °C to generate magnesium vapor. Then, the first cut-off valve 81 is opened to control the discharge flow rate of magnesium vapor in the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 from the discharge port 11 and send it into the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 through the magnesium vapor feed port 27 of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2. At the same time, the temperature control adjustment device 82 is adjusted through the intelligent control system 8, and the cooling gradient is set to adjust the cooling device 23 to control the temperature in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 to be 450 °C - 650 °C, so that the magnesium vapor entering the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 undergoes a vapor-liquid phase change process and then condenses into liquid magnesium and deposits in the liquid magnesium deposition area 24 at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2. At the same time, the gear pump 10 is started, and a certain flow rate of solid magnesium particles in the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5 is ejected from the solid magnesium slurry particle nozzle 21 into the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 to provide condensation nuclei for the gas phase of the liquid magnesium condensation collection system and reduce the supersaturation of magnesium vapor condensation. Then, the second cut-off valve 84 is opened, and the solid magnesium particles in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 are discharged from the first discharge port 22 and sent back to the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5 to complete the solid-liquid jet circulation;

[0018] In the second step, the third stop valve 85 is opened through the intelligent control system 8, and the liquid magnesium in the liquid magnesium deposition area 24 at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 is controlled to flow out from the second discharge port 25 and sent to the third-level titanium metal filter 9 to filter out particulate impurities, and then sent to the liquid magnesium storage tank 6; at the same time, the fourth stop valve 83 is opened, and a certain amount of dust-containing gas at the upper part of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 is discharged from the third discharge port 28 and sent to the vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4. The separator in the vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4 removes dust particles, and the electrostatic module captures submicron dust, and the purified gas meets the emission standards;

[0019] In the third step, the magnesium vapor in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 is condensed to release a large amount of latent heat of liquid magnesium, which is conducted out through the heat conducting device 26. The heat conducting device 26 contacts the heat pipe evaporating section 30 of the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator 3, and then the liquid working medium in the liquid area 31 of the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator 3 is heated and vaporized. After the liquid working medium is vaporized, it encounters the heat pipe condensing section 32, and the vapor working medium is quickly condensed into liquid working medium in the vapor area 33, completing the overall phase change cycle; at the same time, the working medium in the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator 3 is changed from gaseous to liquid, and a large amount of latent heat of vaporization is released, which contacts the waste heat steam pipe 34 through the heat pipe condensing section 32, and the waste heat generated is taken away by steam and transported into the waste heat steam power generation device 7 for waste heat power generation.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] 1. The present invention increases the condensation nuclei of magnesium vapor condensation and reduces the supersaturation of magnesium vapor condensation by solid-liquid magnesium slurry injection, thereby improving the cooling and collection efficiency of liquid magnesium per unit time.

[0022] 2. The present invention absorbs the waste heat generated by the magnesium liquid cooling collector through the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator, and transfers the heat to the waste heat steam pipe through the gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange in the heat pipe, which can effectively improve the waste heat utilization efficiency.

[0023] 3. The present invention collects solid magnesium particles through vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection devices, which can effectively reduce the carbon emissions of magnesium products and achieve low-energy operation of the system.

[0024] 4. The stop valve of the present invention adopts a solenoid valve, and the temperature control device adopts a sensor network to achieve adaptive adjustment of process parameters and realize intelligent and good control. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the system structure of an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0027] As Figure 1 shown, a magnesium liquid cooling and collecting - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low - carbon magnesium smelting includes a vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace 1. The discharge port 11 of the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace 1 is connected to the magnesium vapor inlet 27 of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 through a first stop valve 81. The first discharge port 22 at the upper part of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to the feed inlet of the solid - liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5 through a second stop valve 84. The discharge port of the solid - liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5 is connected to the solid magnesium slurry particle spray port 21 of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 through a gear pump 10. The second discharge port 25 at the lower part of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to the inlet of a three - stage titanium metal filter 9 through a third stop valve 85. The outlet of the three - stage titanium metal filter 9 is connected to the inlet of a liquid magnesium storage tank 6. The liquid magnesium deposition area 24 at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to the heat pipe evaporation section 30 of a heat pipe gas - liquid two - phase heat exchanger 3 through a heat conduction device 26. The heat pipe condensation section 32 of the heat pipe gas - liquid two - phase heat exchanger 3 is connected to a waste heat steam pipe 34. The waste heat steam pipe 34 is connected to a waste heat steam power generation device 7. The third discharge port 28 at the top of the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2 is connected to a vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4 through a fourth stop valve 83. The first stop valve 81, the second stop valve 84, the third stop valve 85, the fourth stop valve 83 and an intelligent control system 8 are electrically connected;

[0028] The pressure inside the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace 1 is controlled to be 0.1 - 1 kPa, and the reaction temperature is set to 1200 - 1350 °C to achieve efficient reduction reaction of magnesium ore;

[0029] A multi - stage variable - temperature condensation module is arranged inside the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2, and the temperature gradient is controlled to be 450 °C - 650 °C. At the same time, a cooling device 23 is arranged inside, and the cooling device 23 is connected to a temperature control and adjustment device 82 outside the magnesium liquid cooling and collector 2. The temperature control and adjustment device 82 and the intelligent control system 8 are electrically connected;

[0030] The heat pipe gas - liquid two - phase heat exchanger 3 adopts an inclination angle of 0 - 15° to optimize the return of the working medium, and is internally provided with a heat pipe evaporation section 30 and a heat pipe condensation section 32. Among them, the heat pipe evaporation section 30 is a liquid region 31, and the heat pipe condensation section 32 is a vapor region 33;

[0031] The vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4 contains a cyclone separator and a high - voltage electrostatic dust removal module;

[0032] The described intelligent control system 8 dynamically adjusts the opening degrees of the first stop valve 81, the second stop valve 84, the third stop valve 85, and the fourth stop valve 83 through an intelligent PID algorithm to achieve closed-loop control of the magnesium flow rate, the cooling rate, and the jet intensity. At the same time, the temperature control regulating device 82 controls the temperature gradient in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 through the cooling device 23;

[0033] All the connecting pipes between the devices in the described magnesium liquid cooling collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting are made of vacuum connecting pipes. The diameter of the vacuum connecting pipe is 30 cm, meeting the process requirements of a magnesium vapor mass flow rate of 10 - 50 kg·m - 2·s -1 and spraying an Al2O3 ceramic coating on the inner wall to prevent magnesium adhesion;

[0034] The thermal conductivity of the described heat conduction device 26 > 1500 W·m -1 ·K -1 ;

[0035] The first stop valve 81, the second stop valve 84, the third stop valve 85, and the fourth stop valve 83 adopt solenoid valves, and the temperature control regulating device 82 adopts a sensor network to achieve adaptive adjustment of process parameters.

[0036] An operating method for a magnesium liquid cooling collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting includes the following steps:

[0037] In the first step, through the intelligent control system 8, the first stop valve 81, the second stop valve 84, the third stop valve 85, and the fourth stop valve 83 are closed, the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 is started, hydrogen reducing agent is introduced, and the pressure of the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 is controlled at 0.5 kPa and the temperature at 1250 °C to generate magnesium vapor; then the first stop valve 81 is opened to control the magnesium vapor in the vacuum liquid injection melting furnace 1 to flow out of the discharge port 11 at a mass flow rate of 40 kg·m -2 ·s -1 and is fed into the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 from the magnesium vapor inlet 27 of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2. At the same time, through the intelligent control system 8, the temperature control regulating device 82 is adjusted and a temperature reduction gradient is set, the cooling device 23 is adjusted, and the temperature in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 is controlled to decrease from 650 °C to 550 °C and then to 450 °C, so that the magnesium vapor entering the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 undergoes a vapor-liquid phase change process and is then condensed into liquid magnesium and deposited in the liquid magnesium deposition area 24 at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2; at the same time, the gear pump 10 is started, and solid magnesium particles with a particle size of 50 - 200 μm in the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5 are sprayed from the solid magnesium slurry particle nozzle 21 at a flow rate of 3 m·s -1The jet is ejected at a flow rate of 200° and enters the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 to provide condensation nuclei for the gas phase of the liquid magnesium condensation collection system, and the supersaturation of magnesium vapor condensation is reduced from 1.5 to 1.1, so that the condensation efficiency is improved by 40%, and the second stop valve 84 is opened to discharge the solid magnesium particles in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 from the first discharge port 22 and send them back to the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank 5, completing the solid-liquid jet cycle;

[0038] In the second step, the third stop valve 85 is opened through the intelligent control system 8, and the liquid magnesium in the liquid magnesium deposition area 24 at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 is controlled to flow out from the second discharge port 25 and sent to the third-level titanium metal filter 9 to filter out particulate impurities, and then sent to the liquid magnesium storage tank 6, so that the purity of the liquid magnesium is greater than 99.95%; at the same time, the fourth stop valve 83 is opened, and a certain amount of dust-containing gas at the upper part of the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 is discharged from the third discharge port 28 and sent to the vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4. The separator in the vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device 4 removes dust-containing particles larger than 10μm, and the electrostatic module captures submicron dust, and the purified gas meets the emission standards;

[0039] The third step is to condense the magnesium vapor in the magnesium liquid cooling collector 2 into liquid magnesium, releasing about 850 kJ kg -1 The latent heat is conducted out through the heat conducting device 26, and the heat conducting device 26 contacts the heat pipe evaporating section 30 of the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator 3, and then the liquid working medium in the liquid region 31 of the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator 3 is heated and vaporized. After the liquid working medium is vaporized, it encounters the heat pipe condensing section 32, and the vapor working medium is rapidly condensed into liquid working medium in the vapor region 33, completing the overall phase change cycle; at the same time, a large amount of vaporization latent heat released by the working medium in the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator 3 changing from gas to liquid is contacted with the waste heat steam pipe 34 through the heat pipe condensing section 32, and the generated waste heat is taken away by steam and transported into the waste heat steam power generation device 7 for waste heat power generation utilization, and the comprehensive energy utilization rate of the system is increased to 75%.

[0040] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred implementations of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the design spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A magnesium liquid cooling collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low - carbon magnesium smelting, characterized in that: It includes a vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace (1). The discharge port (11) of the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace (1) is connected to the magnesium vapor inlet (27) of the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2) through a first shut-off valve (81). The first discharge port (22) at the upper part of the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2) is connected to the inlet of the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank (5) through a second shut-off valve (84). The discharge port of the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank (5) is connected to the solid magnesium slurry particle injection port (21) of the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2) through a gear pump (10). The second discharge port (25) at the lower part of the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2) is connected to the inlet of a three-stage titanium metal filter (9) through a third shut-off valve (85). The outlet of the three-stage titanium metal filter (9) is connected to the inlet of a liquid magnesium storage tank (6). The liquid magnesium deposition area (24) at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2) is connected to the heat pipe evaporation section (30) of a heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator (3) through a heat conduction device (26). The heat pipe condensation section (32) of the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator (3) is connected to a waste heat steam pipe (34). The waste heat steam pipe (34) is connected to a waste heat steam power generation device (7). The third discharge port (28) at the top of the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2) is connected to a vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device (4) through a fourth shut-off valve (83). The first shut-off valve (81), the second shut-off valve (84), the third shut-off valve (85), the fourth shut-off valve (83) and an intelligent control system (8) are electrically connected.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The pressure inside the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace (1) is controlled to be 0.1 - 1 kPa, and the reaction temperature is set to be 1200 - 1350 °C.

3. The system according to claim 1, wherein: A multi-stage variable temperature condensation module is arranged inside the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2). The temperature gradient is controlled to be 450 °C - 650 °C. Meanwhile, a cooling device (23) is arranged inside, and the cooling device (23) is connected to a temperature control and adjustment device (82) outside the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2). The temperature control and adjustment device (82) and the intelligent control system (8) are electrically connected.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator (3) adopts an inclination angle of 0 - 15° to optimize the return of the working medium. It is internally provided with a heat pipe evaporation section (30) and a heat pipe condensation section (32). Among them, the inside of the heat pipe evaporation section (30) is a liquid region (31), and the inside of the heat pipe condensation section (32) is a vapor region (33).

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device (4) contains a cyclone separator and a high-voltage electrostatic dust removal module.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control system (8) dynamically adjusts the opening degrees of the first shut-off valve (81), the second shut-off valve (84), the third shut-off valve (85), and the fourth shut-off valve (83) through an intelligent PID algorithm to achieve closed-loop control of the magnesium flow rate, the cooling rate, and the jet intensity. At the same time, the temperature gradient inside the magnesium liquid cooler collector (2) is controlled through the temperature control and adjustment device (82).

7. The system according to claim 1, wherein: All the connecting pipes between the devices in a magnesium liquid cooling collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low-carbon magnesium smelting are vacuum connecting pipes. The inner wall is sprayed with an Al2O3 ceramic coating to prevent magnesium adhesion.

8. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The thermal conductivity of the described heat conduction device (26) > 1500 W·m -1 ·K -1 .

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first stop valve (81), the second stop valve (84), the third stop valve (85), and the fourth stop valve (83) adopt solenoid valves, and the temperature control and adjustment device (82) adopts a sensor network to achieve adaptive adjustment of process parameters.

10. The operating method of a magnesium liquid cooling and collection - heat pipe steam generator system for vacuum liquid injection low - carbon magnesium smelting according to any one of claims 1 - 9, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: In the first step, the first stop valve (81), the second stop valve (84), the third stop valve (85), and the fourth stop valve (83) are closed through the intelligent control system (8), the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace (1) is started, hydrogen reducing agent is introduced, and the pressure of the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace (1) is controlled to be 0.1 - 1 kPa and the temperature is 1200 - 1350 °C to generate magnesium vapor; then the first stop valve (81) is opened to control the discharge flow of magnesium vapor in the vacuum liquid injection smelting furnace (1) from the discharge port (11) and send it into the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2) through the magnesium vapor inlet (27) of the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2). At the same time, the temperature control and adjustment device (82) is adjusted through the intelligent control system (8), the cooling gradient is set, the cooling device (23) is adjusted, and the temperature in the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2) is controlled to be 450 °C - 650 °C, so that the magnesium vapor entering the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2) undergoes a vapor-liquid phase change process and then condenses into liquid magnesium and deposits in the liquid magnesium deposition area (24) at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2); at the same time, the gear pump (10) is started, and a certain flow rate of solid magnesium particles in the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank (5) is ejected from the solid magnesium slurry particle nozzle (21) into the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2) to provide condensation nuclei for the gas phase of the liquid magnesium condensation collection system and reduce the supersaturation of magnesium vapor condensation, and the second stop valve (84) is opened to discharge the solid magnesium particles in the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2) from the first discharge port (22) and send them back to the solid-liquid magnesium slurry storage tank (5) to complete the solid-liquid jet circulation; In the second step, the third stop valve (85) is opened through the intelligent control system (8), and the liquid magnesium in the liquid magnesium deposition area (24) at the bottom of the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2) is discharged from the second discharge port (25) with a controlled flow rate and sent to the three-stage titanium metal filter (9) to filter out particulate impurities, and then sent to the liquid magnesium storage tank (6); at the same time, the fourth stop valve (83) is opened, and a certain amount of dust-containing gas in the upper part of the magnesium liquid cooling collector (2) is discharged from the third discharge port (28) and sent to the vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device (4). The separator in the vacuum dust collection and electrostatic protection device (4) removes dust-containing particles, and the electrostatic module captures sub-micron dust, and the purified gas is discharged up to standard; In the third step, a large amount of latent heat released when the magnesium vapor in the magnesium liquid cooler (2) is condensed into liquid magnesium is exported through the heat conduction device (26). The heat conduction device (26) contacts the heat pipe evaporation section (30) of the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator (3). Subsequently, the liquid working medium in the liquid region (31) within the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator (3) is heated and vaporized. After the liquid working medium is vaporized, it encounters the heat pipe condensation section (32), and the vaporous working medium is rapidly condensed into the liquid working medium within the vaporous region (33), completing the overall phase change cycle. At the same time, a large amount of latent heat of vaporization released when the working medium within the heat pipe gas-liquid two-phase heat exchange generator (3) changes from the gaseous phase to the liquid phase is transferred through the contact between the heat pipe condensation section (32) and the waste heat steam pipe (34), and the generated waste heat is carried away by the steam and transported into the waste heat steam power generation device (7) for waste heat power generation utilization.

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