A displacement monitoring device for an open pit mine slope

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of slope displacement monitoring, and discloses a displacement monitoring device for open-pit mine slope, which comprises a rod body, the bottom end of the rod body is fixedly installed on the slope, the top end of the rod body is provided with a GNSS antenna assembly, and the front end of the rod body is fixedly provided with a control box assembly, characterized in that: the two sides of the rod body are provided with photovoltaic assemblies, the back of the rod body is provided with a linkage protection mechanism, the photovoltaic assembly comprises a photovoltaic mounting frame plate, the linkage protection mechanism is linked with the back of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate, the linkage protection mechanism protects the GNSS antenna assembly and the photovoltaic assembly while adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate, an alarm and a reset switch are arranged on the control box assembly, the two sides of the bottom of the rod body are provided with liquid storage assemblies, photovoltaic sheets are arranged on the photovoltaic mounting frame plate, the two sides of the rod body are provided with rod sleeves, and the device has linkage protection function and cleaning function.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of slope displacement monitoring, more particularly to a displacement monitoring device for open-pit mine slope. BACKGROUND

[0002] Open-pit mine slope displacement detection is an important part of mine safety production, aiming to monitor the slope stability in real time and prevent landslides, collapses and other geological disasters. In the prior art, GNSS displacement monitoring station equipment is generally used for slope displacement detection;

[0003] The GNSS displacement monitoring station is mainly composed of a GNSS antenna, a solar panel, a main control box and a mounting bracket. The control box is provided with a reference station and a measurement station. The device can upload data to an environmental monitoring platform through a 4G signal network and is suitable for surface displacement monitoring and building deformation monitoring, such as landslides, slope displacement, bridge deformation, reservoir dams, mine geological disasters, etc. When deformation displacement is detected, the GNSS displacement monitoring station will issue an alarm;

[0004] However, the GNSS displacement monitoring station equipment in the prior art still has the following shortcomings when detecting the slope;

[0005] Firstly, the GNSS displacement monitoring station in the prior art is usually powered by solar energy, and a solar panel is usually installed thereon. However, the GNSS displacement monitoring station installed on the slope is often impacted by rolling stones or extreme weather such as hail, and the solar panel installed thereon is often damaged. The GNSS displacement monitoring station in the prior art does not have the function of protecting the solar panel;

[0006] Secondly, the solar panel and the GNSS antenna cover of the GNSS displacement monitoring station in the prior art are often attached with a large amount of dust and impurities when working on the outdoor slope, and outdoor rainwater often carries a large amount of impurities. Therefore, outdoor rainwater cannot effectively clean the GNSS antenna cover and the solar panel. The GNSS displacement monitoring station in the prior art does not have the function of cleaning the GNSS antenna cover and the solar panel;

[0007] Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, a displacement monitoring device for open-pit mine slope is needed. SUMMARY

[0008] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present application provides a displacement monitoring device for open-pit mine slope to solve the problems existing in the background art.

[0009] The application provides the following technical scheme: a displacement monitoring device for an open-pit mine slope, comprising a rod body part, the bottom end of the rod body part is fixedly installed on the slope, the top end of the rod body part is provided with a GNSS antenna assembly, and the front end of the rod body part is fixedly installed with a control box assembly, characterized in that: the two sides of the rod body part of the rod body part are provided with photovoltaic assemblies, and the back of the rod body part is installed with a linkage protection mechanism.

[0010] The photovoltaic assembly comprises a photovoltaic mounting frame plate, and the linkage protection mechanism is linked with the back of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate.

[0011] The linkage protection mechanism protects the GNSS antenna assembly and the photovoltaic assembly while adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate.

[0012] Further, the control box assembly is provided with an alarm and a reset switch, and the bottom of the rod body part is provided with a liquid storage assembly on both sides.

[0013] Further, the photovoltaic mounting frame plate is installed with photovoltaic sheets, the two sides of the rod body part of the rod body part are provided with rod sleeves, the rod sleeves are sleeved with bearings, the bearings are sleeved with shafts, and the shaft bodies of the shafts are fixedly connected with the photovoltaic mounting frame plate.

[0014] Further, the liquid storage assembly comprises a liquid storage tank, a plurality of pressure pumps are fixedly installed on the rear inner wall of the liquid storage tank, a water filter plate is fixedly installed on the upper end of the liquid storage tank, an overflow plate is arranged on the front side of the upper end of the liquid storage tank, the pressure pumps are fixedly connected with liquid suction pipes, and the pipe openings of the liquid suction pipes are located on the inner bottom side of the liquid storage tank.

[0015] Further, the linkage protection mechanism comprises a cavity receiving arc plate, the cavity receiving arc plate is fixedly installed on the rear side of the rod body part, the cavity receiving arc plate and the rod body part are fixedly installed through a fixed sleeve plate, a plurality of bottom columns are fixedly installed on the bottom of the cavity receiving arc plate, the cavity receiving arc plate is fixedly installed on the slope through the bottom columns, the bottom front side of the cavity receiving arc plate is fixedly connected with the rear side of the liquid storage tank, the pressure pumps are in communication with the internal space of the cavity receiving arc plate, a cavity protection arc plate is movably sleeved in the cavity receiving arc plate, the curvature of the arc surface of the cavity protection arc plate is consistent with that of the cavity receiving arc plate, a sealing plate is fixedly installed on the bottom end of the cavity protection arc plate, a pressure relief valve is fixedly installed on the sealing plate, the pressure relief valve is in communication with the internal space of the cavity protection arc plate, a plurality of nozzles are fixedly installed on the inner side of the top of the cavity protection arc plate, and the nozzles are in communication with the internal space of the cavity protection arc plate.

[0016] Further, the top of the cavity protection arc plate is fixedly connected with a side rod on both sides, the side rod is connected with a linkage arc strip, the bottom of the linkage arc strip is fixedly connected with a movable sliding block, the movable sliding block is in sliding contact with the inner arc surface of the cavity receiving arc plate, the bottom arc surface of the movable sliding block is consistent with the curvature of the inner arc surface of the cavity receiving arc plate, the upper end of the movable sliding block is fixedly connected with a cylinder, the cylinder is movably sleeved with a pressure bearing piston shaft, and the shaft body of the pressure bearing piston shaft is fixedly connected with a back connecting block.

[0017] Further, the back connecting block is fixedly installed on the back of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate, the arc surface centers of the movable sliding block, the cavity receiving arc plate and the cavity protection arc plate are coincided with the shaft center of the rotating shaft, the shaft body of the pressure bearing piston shaft is sleeved with a buffer spring, the buffer spring is located between the back connecting block and the cylinder, the movable sliding block is fixedly installed with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensor is located in the cylinder and its contact point is in contact with the bottom end of the pressure bearing piston shaft.

[0018] Further, the pressure pump is electrically connected with the pressure sensor and is triggered and started by the pressure sensor, and the reset switch controls the pressure pump, the pressure sensor and the alarm to stop working.

[0019] The technical effects and advantages of the present application are as follows:

[0020] 1. The present application is provided with a linkage protection mechanism, the angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate and the leakage height of the cavity protection arc plate are interlinked, the greater the inclination angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate, the fewer the leakage parts of the cavity protection arc plate until it is received in the cavity receiving arc plate, when the photovoltaic sheet encounters a larger impact, the pressure bearing piston shaft is stressed to trigger the pressure sensor, the pressure sensor controls the pressure pump to start, and the pressure pump pumps the water stored in the liquid storage tank into the cavity receiving arc plate, so as to push the cavity protection arc plate to stretch out upward, and the cavity protection arc plate stretches out upward at the same time, and the linkage arc strip drives the movable sliding block to slide on the cavity receiving arc plate, so as to adjust the angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate, and finally make it vertical, so as to reduce the receiving area of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the risk of damage, when the photovoltaic mounting frame plate is completely in the vertical state, the leakage parts of the cavity protection arc plate are the most, and the impact of the rolling stones from the side slope and the hail and other sundries from top to bottom on the photovoltaic mounting frame plate are protected.

[0021] 2. The present application is provided with a linkage protection mechanism, when the cavity protection arc plate moves to the highest point, the pressure pump continues to pump water into the cavity receiving arc plate, at this time, under the action of water pressure, the pressure relief valve is opened to make the water enter the cavity protection arc plate, and is sprayed out at the nozzle and forms a water curtain, at this time, the nozzle is located above the GNSS antenna assembly and the photovoltaic mounting frame plate, and the filtered water sprayed from the nozzle can clean the photovoltaic sheet installed on the GNSS antenna assembly and the photovoltaic mounting frame plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is the schematic diagram of the whole structure of the present application.

[0023] Figure 2 It is the schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module structure of the present application.

[0024] Figure 3 It is the schematic diagram of the liquid storage module structure of the present application.

[0025] Figure 4 It is the schematic diagram of the linkage protection mechanism structure of the present application.

[0026] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the linkage protection mechanism side cut structure of the present application.

[0027] Figure 6 It is the schematic diagram of the column cylinder cut structure of the present application.

[0028] The reference signs are as follows: 1, rod body; 2, GNSS antenna assembly; 3, control box assembly; 4, alarm; 5, reset switch; 6, photovoltaic module; 601, photovoltaic mounting frame plate; 602, photovoltaic sheet; 603, rod sleeve; 604, bearing; 605, rotating shaft; 7, liquid storage module; 701, liquid storage tank; 702, pressure pump; 703, water filter plate; 704, overflow plate; 705, liquid suction pipe; 8, linkage protection mechanism; 801, cavity receiving arc plate; 802, fixed sleeve plate; 803, bottom column; 804, cavity protection arc plate; 805, sealing plate; 806, pressure relief valve; 807, nozzle; 808, side rod; 809, linkage arc strip; 810, movable sliding block; 811, column cylinder; 812, pressure-bearing piston shaft; 813, back connecting block; 814, buffer spring; 815, pressure sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The technical solutions in the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the present application, and additionally, the forms of each structure described in the following embodiments are only examples, and the displacement monitoring device for open-pit mine slope involved in the present application is not limited to each structure described in the following embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by the ordinary skilled in the art without creative labor belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0030] REFERENCE Figure 1This invention provides a displacement monitoring device for open-pit mine slopes, comprising a pole 1, the bottom end of which is fixedly installed on the slope, a GNSS antenna assembly 2 at the top end of which is fixedly installed, a control box assembly 3 at the front end of which is fixedly installed, an alarm 4 and a reset switch 5 on which are provided, photovoltaic components 6 on both sides of which are provided, liquid storage components 7 on both sides of which are provided at the bottom, and a linkage protection mechanism 8 installed on the back of which is provided.

[0031] In this embodiment, the device uses photovoltaic module 6 to receive solar energy for power supply, and can use GNSS antenna module 2 to upload data to the environmental monitoring platform through 4G signal network, thereby detecting the displacement of the open-pit mine slope. Since the structural principle of the device is a conventional technical means used by those skilled in the art, its specific structural principle will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0032] Reference Figure 2 The photovoltaic module 6 includes a photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601, on which photovoltaic panels 602 are mounted. The pole body 1 has pole sleeves 603 on both sides of the pole body, and each pole sleeve 603 is fitted with a bearing 604. Each bearing 604 is fitted with a rotating shaft 605, and the end of the rotating shaft 605 is fixedly connected to the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601.

[0033] In this embodiment, the photovoltaic mounting frame 601 can rotate around the pivot 605.

[0034] Reference Figure 3 The liquid storage assembly 7 includes a liquid storage tank 701. A pressure pump 702 is fixedly installed on the rear inner wall of the liquid storage tank 701. A filter plate 703 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the liquid storage tank 701. An overflow plate 704 is provided at the front of the upper end of the liquid storage tank 701. The pressure pump 702 is fixedly connected to a suction pipe 705. The opening of the suction pipe 705 is located at the bottom inside the liquid storage tank 701.

[0035] In this embodiment, rainwater is filtered through the filter plate 703 and seeps into the storage tank 701 for collection, while excess rainwater overflows from the overflow plate 704.

[0036] Reference Figures 4-6The linkage protection mechanism 8 comprises a cavity receiving arc plate 801 fixedly installed on the rear side of the rod body 1, and the cavity receiving arc plate 801 and the rod body 1 are fixedly installed through a fixed sleeve plate 802. The bottom of the cavity receiving arc plate 801 is fixedly installed with uniformly distributed bottom columns 803, the cavity receiving arc plate 801 is fixedly installed on the side slope through the bottom columns 803, the bottom front side of the cavity receiving arc plate 801 is fixedly connected with the rear side of the liquid storage tank 701, the pressure pumps 702 are in communication with the internal space of the cavity receiving arc plate 801, the cavity receiving arc plate 801 movably sleeves a cavity protection arc plate 804, the arc surface curvature of the cavity protection arc plate 804 is consistent with that of the cavity receiving arc plate 801, the bottom end of the cavity protection arc plate 804 is fixedly installed with a sealing plate 805, the sealing plate 805 is fixedly installed with a pressure relief valve 806, the pressure relief valve 806 is in communication with the internal space of the cavity protection arc plate 804, the top inner side arc surface of the cavity protection arc plate 804 is fixedly installed with uniformly distributed nozzles 807, the nozzles 807 are in communication with the internal space of the cavity protection arc plate 804, the top two sides of the cavity protection arc plate 804 are fixedly connected with side rods 808, the side rods 808 are connected with linkage arc strips 809, the bottom of the linkage arc strip 809 is fixedly connected with a movable sliding block 810, the movable sliding block 810 is in sliding contact with the inner side arc surface of the cavity receiving arc plate 801, the bottom side arc surface of the movable sliding block 810 is consistent with the inner side arc surface curvature of the cavity receiving arc plate 801, the upper end of the movable sliding block 810 is fixedly connected with a cylinder 811, the cylinder 811 movably sleeves a pressure-bearing piston shaft 812, the shaft body upper end of the pressure-bearing piston shaft 812 is fixedly connected with a back connecting block 813, the back connecting block 813 is fixedly installed on the back of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601, the arc centers of the movable sliding block 810, the cavity receiving arc plate 801 and the cavity protection arc plate 804 are coincided with the shaft center of the rotating shaft 605, the shaft body of the pressure-bearing piston shaft 812 sleeves a buffer spring 814, the buffer spring 814 is located between the back connecting block 813 and the cylinder 811, the movable sliding block 810 is fixedly installed with a pressure sensor 815, the pressure sensor 815 is located in the cylinder 811 and its contact point is in contact with the bottom end of the pressure-bearing piston shaft 812, the pressure pumps 702 are electrically connected with the pressure sensor 815 and are triggered and started by the pressure sensor 815, the reset switch 5 controls the pressure pumps 702, the pressure sensor 815 and the alarm 4 to stop working.

[0037] In the embodiment, the angle of the photovoltaic installation frame plate 601 and the leakage height of the cavity protection arc plate 804 are interrelated, the greater the inclination angle of the photovoltaic installation frame plate 601, the fewer the leakage parts of the cavity protection arc plate 804 until it is accommodated in the cavity accommodation arc plate 801, when the photovoltaic sheet 602 encounters a larger impact, the stressed piston shaft 812 is stressed to trigger the pressure sensor 815, the pressure sensor 815 controls the start of the pressure pump 702, the pressure pump 702 pumps the water stored in the liquid storage tank 701 into the cavity accommodation arc plate 801, thereby pushing the cavity protection arc plate 804 to stretch upward, the cavity protection arc plate 804 stretches upward at the same time, and the linkage arc strip 809 drives the movable sliding block 810 to slide on the cavity accommodation arc plate 801, thereby adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic installation frame plate 601, and finally making it vertical, thereby reducing its receiving surface area in the vertical direction, thereby reducing the risk of damage, when the photovoltaic installation frame plate 601 is completely in the vertical state, the cavity protection arc plate 804 has the most leakage parts, and protects the impact of the rolling stones from the slope and the hail and other sundries from top to bottom;

[0038] In addition, when the cavity protection arc plate 804 moves to the highest point, the pressure pump 702 continues to pump water into the cavity accommodation arc plate 801, at this time, under the action of water pressure, the pressure relief valve 806 is opened to make the water enter the cavity protection arc plate 804, and is sprayed out at the nozzle 807 and forms a water curtain, at this time, the nozzle 807 is located directly above the GNSS antenna assembly 2 and the photovoltaic installation frame plate 601, the filtered water sprayed from the nozzle 807 can clean the GNSS antenna assembly 2 and the photovoltaic sheet 602 installed on the photovoltaic installation frame plate 601.

[0039] The working principle of the present application is as follows: when the device is used, rainwater is filtered by the filter plate 703 and seeps into the liquid storage tank 701 for collection, and the excess rainwater overflows from the overflow plate 704; the angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601 and the leakage height of the cavity protection arc plate 804 are interlinked, the greater the inclination angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601, the fewer the leakage positions of the cavity protection arc plate 804 until it is stored in the cavity storage arc plate 801; when the photovoltaic sheet 602 encounters a large impact, the pressure sensor 815 is triggered under stress, the pressure sensor 815 controls the start of the pressure pump 702, the pressure pump 702 pumps the water stored in the liquid storage tank 701 into the cavity storage arc plate 801, thereby pushing the cavity protection arc plate 804 to stretch upwards, and at the same time, the cavity protection arc plate 804 stretches upwards and drives the movable sliding block 810 to slide on the cavity storage arc plate 801 by using the linkage arc strip 809, thereby adjusting the angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601 and finally making it vertical, thereby reducing the area of the receiving surface in the vertical direction and reducing the risk of damage; when the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601 is completely in the vertical state, the cavity protection arc plate 804 has the most leakage positions and protects the impact of rolling stones from the slope and hail and other debris from top to bottom; when the cavity protection arc plate 804 moves to the highest point, the pressure pump 702 continues to pump water into the cavity storage arc plate 801, at this time, under the action of water pressure, the pressure relief valve 806 is opened to make the water enter the cavity protection arc plate 804, and is sprayed out at the nozzle 807 and forms a water curtain, at this time, the nozzle 807 is located directly above the GNSS antenna assembly 2 and the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601, and the filtered water sprayed from the nozzle 807 can clean the GNSS antenna assembly 2 and the photovoltaic sheet 602 installed on the photovoltaic mounting frame plate 601.

[0040] Finally, it should be pointed out that: first, in the description of the present application, it should be pointed out that unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connection" should be understood broadly, which can be mechanical connection or electrical connection, or the communication between two elements, or direct connection, "up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship, when the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may change;

[0041] Secondly: the present application discloses only the structure involved in the embodiment of the present application, other structures can refer to the usual design, and in the case of no conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other;

[0042] Finally: the above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not used to limit the present application, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A displacement monitoring device for open-pit mine slope, comprising a rod body (1), the bottom end of the rod body (1) is fixedly installed on the slope, the top end of the rod body (1) is provided with a GNSS antenna assembly (2), and the front end of the rod body (1) is fixedly installed with a control box assembly (3), characterized in that: The rod body piece (1) is provided with photovoltaic components (6) on both sides of the rod body, and the back of the rod body piece (1) is provided with a linkage protection mechanism (8); The photovoltaic components (6) comprise photovoltaic mounting frame plates (601), and the linkage protection mechanism (8) is connected with the back of the photovoltaic mounting frame plates (601); The linkage protection mechanism (8) protects the GNSS antenna components (2) and the photovoltaic components (6) and adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic mounting frame plates (601) at the same time; The control box assembly (3) is provided with an alarm (4) and a reset switch (5), and the bottom of the rod body piece (1) is provided with liquid storage assemblies (7) on both sides; The photovoltaic mounting frame plates (601) are provided with photovoltaic sheets (602), the rod body piece (1) is provided with rod sleeves (603) on both sides of the rod body, the rod sleeves (603) are provided with bearings (604) sleeved therein, the bearings (604) are provided with rotating shafts (605) sleeved therein, and the shaft bodies of the rotating shafts (605) are fixedly connected with the photovoltaic mounting frame plates (601); The liquid storage assemblies (7) comprise liquid storage tanks (701), the rear inner wall of the liquid storage tank (701) is fixedly provided with uniformly distributed pressure pumps (702), the upper end of the liquid storage tank (701) is fixedly provided with a water filtering plate (703), the upper end of the liquid storage tank (701) is provided with a water overflow plate (704) on the front side, the pressure pumps (702) are fixedly connected with liquid suction pipes (705), and the pipe openings of the liquid suction pipes (705) are located on the inner bottom side of the liquid storage tank (701); The linkage protection mechanism (8) comprises a cavity receiving arc plate (801), the cavity receiving arc plate (801) is fixedly installed on the rear side of the rod body piece (1), the cavity receiving arc plate (801) and the rod body piece (1) are fixedly installed through a fixed sleeve plate (802), the bottom of the cavity receiving arc plate (801) is fixedly provided with uniformly distributed bottom columns (803), the cavity receiving arc plate (801) is fixedly installed on a slope through the bottom columns (803), the bottom front side of the cavity receiving arc plate (801) is fixedly connected with the rear side of the liquid storage tank (701), the pressure pumps (702) are in communication with the internal space of the cavity receiving arc plate (801), the cavity receiving arc plate (801) is movably sleeved with a cavity protection arc plate (804), the curvature of the arc surface of the cavity protection arc plate (804) is consistent with that of the cavity receiving arc plate (801), the bottom end of the cavity protection arc plate (804) is fixedly provided with a sealing plate (805), the sealing plate (805) is fixedly provided with a pressure relief valve (806), the pressure relief valve (806) is in communication with the internal space of the cavity protection arc plate (804), and the top inner side arc surface of the cavity protection arc plate (804) is fixedly provided with uniformly distributed nozzles (807), and the nozzles (807) are in communication with the internal space of the cavity protection arc plate (804). The top of the cavity protection arc plate (804) is fixedly connected with side rods (808) on both sides, the side rods (808) are connected with linkage arc strips (809), the bottom of the linkage arc strip (809) is fixedly connected with a movable sliding block (810), the movable sliding block (810) is in sliding contact with the inner arc surface of the cavity receiving arc plate (801), the bottom arc surface of the movable sliding block (810) is consistent with the curvature of the inner arc surface of the cavity receiving arc plate (801), the upper end of the movable sliding block (810) is fixedly connected with a cylinder (811), the cylinder (811) movably sleeves a pressure-bearing piston shaft (812), the shaft body upper end of the pressure-bearing piston shaft (812) is fixedly connected with a back connecting block (813); The back connecting block (813) is fixedly installed on the back of the photovoltaic mounting frame plate (601), the arc surface centers of the movable sliding block (810), the cavity receiving arc plate (801) and the cavity protection arc plate (804) all coincide with the shaft center of the rotating shaft (605), the shaft body of the pressure-bearing piston shaft (812) is sleeved with a buffer spring (814), the buffer spring (814) is located between the back connecting block (813) and the cylinder (811), the movable sliding block (810) is fixedly installed with a pressure sensor (815), the pressure sensor (815) is located in the cylinder (811) and its contact point is in contact with the bottom end of the pressure-bearing piston shaft (812).

2. A displacement monitoring device for use in an open pit mine slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure pump (702) is electrically connected with the pressure sensor (815) and is triggered and started by the pressure sensor (815).

3. A displacement monitoring device for use in an open pit mine slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reset switch (5) controls the pressure pump (702), the pressure sensor (815) and the alarm (4) to stop working.

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