Forest and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses intelligent data monitoring equipment and method for forestry and agriculture, and the equipment comprises a hollow housing. The battery pack, the network module, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil acidity and alkalinity testing module, the solar energy and wind power and external charging module, the crop diameter and distance module, the wind speed module and the moisture module are connected with the main control board, and the three-in-one module comprises a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an air pressure sensing module. According to the monitoring equipment provided by the invention, the growth conditions of forestry and agriculture crops are detected through the modules, the main control board can send the data detected by the modules through the network module, and the data of a monitored destination point can be safely and timely seen for analysis, adjustment and improvement while the labor cost is reduced; major accidents are prevented; a plurality of modules and batteries are integrated in the equipment, so that production, installation and debugging are facilitated, and the working mode of a traditional multi-combination module is changed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of forestry and agriculture monitoring equipment, and in particular, to a forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring equipment and method. Background Art

[0002] Forestry refers to the production department that protects the ecological environment, maintains ecological balance, protects forests and utilizes the natural characteristics of forest trees to play a protective role, and is one of the important components of the economy. Forest pest trapping and monitoring is of great significance in preventing pest disasters, providing a scientific basis for prevention and control, protecting the ecological environment, and promoting the sustainable development of forestry.

[0003] In forestry and agriculture, it is necessary to observe the growth conditions of trees and crops and environmental requirements. For buildings, bridges, mountains, and dams, it is necessary to monitor the displacement situation in time for safety reasons. In the mining industry, it is necessary to monitor carbon dioxide and cave-ins in the tunnel. Monitoring of the above forestry and agricultural environments is an important link in the entire environmental protection process. However, the existing monitoring is generally carried out by means of regular patrols and on-site sampling, or multiple observation points are set in a large area. When multiple types of data need to be obtained, multiple people are required to monitor different environments. This monitoring method is inefficient and requires a lot of human participation, which is not conducive to the monitoring of large-area forestry and agriculture. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to solve at least to some extent the deficiencies in the prior art, and thus propose a forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring equipment and method.

[0005] To achieve the above object, a technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] The present invention provides a forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring equipment, including a hollow shell. A main control board, a battery pack, a network module, a GPS module, a three-in-one module, a soil pH test module, a solar, wind and external charging module, a crop diameter and distance module, a wind speed module and a moisture module are arranged in the shell. The main control board is connected to the battery pack, the network module, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil pH test module, the solar, wind and external charging module, the crop diameter and distance module, the wind speed module and the moisture module. Among them, the three-in-one module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensing module.

[0007] Further, the network module includes a dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna and a dedicated 4G / 5G module which are connected to each other, and the dedicated 4G / 5G module is connected to the main control board; the GPS module is fixed to the bottom of the housing, and the GPS module includes a GPS / Beidou positioning antenna and a dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module which are connected to each other, and the dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module is connected to the main control board; the three-in-one module is integrated on the main control board, and the air pressure sensing module includes a carbon monoxide sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

[0008] Further, the soil pH test module includes a soil pH sensor interface which is connected to the main control board, and a first through hole adapted to the soil pH sensor interface is formed on the housing; the solar, wind and external charging module includes an external charging interface which is connected to the main control board, and a second through hole adapted to the external charging interface is formed on the housing; the wind speed module includes a wind speed sensor interface which is connected to the main control board, and a third through hole adapted to the wind speed sensor interface is formed on the housing; the moisture module includes a moisture sensor interface which is connected to the main control board, and a fourth through hole adapted to the moisture sensor interface is formed on the housing.

[0009] Further, the crop diameter and distance module includes a rope-pulling shift register and a register fixing member, the rope-pulling shift register is fixedly connected to the register fixing member, and the register fixing member is fixedly connected to the housing; the rope-pulling shift register includes a rope-pulling member and a rope-pulling displacement sensor which are connected to each other, the stretching displacement sensor is also connected to the main control board, and a measuring port is formed on the housing, and the rope-pulling member can extend or retract relative to the measuring port for measurement.

[0010] Further, a function key module connected to the main control board is further provided in the housing, and the function key module includes a key member, a waterproof member and a key fixing member. The key member passes through the waterproof member and is fixedly connected to the key fixing member, and the key fixing member is fixedly connected to the housing. A plurality of keys are provided on the key member, and the plurality of keys sequentially pass through the waterproof member and the key fixing member and are exposed outside the housing.

[0011] Further, a device fixing member and a cushion member are further provided on a side wall of the housing where the keys are exposed, and windproof fixing positions are respectively provided around the side of the housing where the device fixing member is provided.

[0012] Further, a spare USB data reading interface is also provided inside the housing. The main control board is connected to the spare USB data reading interface. A fixing groove is provided on the inner side wall of the housing, and the battery pack, the dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna, and the GPS / Beidou positioning antenna are clamped in the fixing groove; an indicator light is connected to the main control board, and an observation window is also provided on the housing.

[0013] Further, the present invention also provides a forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring method, which is applied to the forestry and agriculture intelligent monitoring device described in any one of the above. The method includes:

[0014] Obtaining and processing the monitoring data of multiple modules based on the main control board, and packaging the processed monitoring data into data packets;

[0015] Sending the data packet to the network module, and encapsulating the data packet into an IP packet through the network module and encrypting and transmitting it to the Internet;

[0016] Selecting a suitable protocol according to the type of the IP packet through the Internet to transmit it to the cloud server, and then verifying, parsing and storing the IP packet in the database through the cloud server;

[0017] Sending the parsed IP packet to the APP side or the PC side through the cloud server.

[0018] Further, the multiple modules respectively include different sensors. The obtaining and processing the monitoring data of multiple modules based on the main control board includes:

[0019] Collecting monitoring data based on multiple sensors, and sending the collected monitoring data to the main control board;

[0020] Processing the obtained monitoring data through the main control board, and performing calibration, unit conversion and filtering according to the characteristics of the sensors.

[0021] Further, the selecting a suitable protocol through the Internet to transmit the IP packet to the cloud server includes:

[0022] Selecting the HTTP / HTTPS protocol through the Internet to transmit the IP packet with a small data volume to the cloud server;

[0023] Selecting the MQTT protocol through the Internet to perform low-power and real-time push of the high-frequency IP packet to the cloud server;

[0024] Selecting the TCP / UDP protocol through the Internet to transmit the IP packet with high-frequency or large traffic data to the cloud server.

[0025] The present invention provides a forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device and method. The device includes a hollow housing, and a main control board, a battery pack, a network module, a GPS module, a three-in-one module, a soil pH test module, a solar, wind and external charging module, a crop diameter and distance module, a wind speed module and a moisture module are arranged in the housing. The main control board is connected to the battery pack, the network module, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil pH test module, the solar, wind and external charging module, the crop diameter and distance module, the wind speed module and the moisture module. Among them, the three-in-one module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and a barometric pressure sensing module. Through the monitoring device provided by the present invention, by setting the main control board, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil pH test module, the wind speed module and the moisture module, the growth conditions of trees and crops in forestry and agriculture and environmental requirements are detected. The solar, wind and external charging module can also charge the monitoring device to keep its power always on. Moreover, the main control board can send the data detected by the above modules through the network module, enabling operators to monitor real-time data and make timely processing for safety. Different modules can be applied to different monitoring purposes, which can reduce labor costs and safely and timely view the data of the monitored target points for analysis, adjustment and improvement to prevent major accidents. And a battery pack is also integrated in the device, integrating multiple modules and the battery in the device, which is convenient for production, installation and debugging and changes the traditional working mode of multiple combined modules. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a back structural schematic diagram of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 It is an exploded structural schematic diagram of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 It is another exploded structural schematic diagram of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5Schematic diagram of the side explosion structure of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the structure of the wire rope extended by the pull - type shift register of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the sensor of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the principle of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring method of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the process of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring method of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the sub - process of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure, the reference numerals are represented as: 1. Housing; 101. Front housing; 102. Rear housing; 1021. Wind - proof fixing position; 1022. Measurement port; 1023. Fixed groove; 2. Main control board; 3. Special 4G / 5G module antenna; 4. GPS / Beidou positioning antenna; 5. Soil pH test module; 6. Solar, wind and external charging module; 7. Wind speed module; 8. Moisture module; 9. Battery pack; 10. Pull - type shift register; 11. Register fixing part; 12. Button part; 13. Waterproof part; 14. Button fixing part; 15. Equipment fixing part; 16. Pad part; 17. Observation window; 18. Special 4G / 5G module; 19. Special GPS and Beidou dual - core module; 20. Spare USB data reading interface; 21. Wind speed sensor; 22. Wind direction sensor; 23. pH and moisture sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] In order to make the invention purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7, the present invention provides an intelligent data monitoring device for forestry and agriculture, including a housing 1 with a hollow interior. Inside the housing 1, there are a main control board 2, a battery pack 9, a network module, a GPS module, a three-in-one module, a soil pH test module 5, a solar, wind and external charging module 6, a crop diameter and distance module, a wind speed module 7, and a moisture module 8. The main control board 2 is connected to the battery pack 9, the network module, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil pH test module 5, the solar, wind and external charging module 6, the crop diameter and distance module, the wind speed module 7, and the moisture module 8. Among them, the three-in-one module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensing module.

[0040] In this embodiment, an intelligent data monitoring device for forestry and agriculture includes a housing 1 with a hollow interior. Inside the housing 1, there are a main control board 2, a battery pack 9, a network module, a GPS module, a three-in-one module, a soil pH test module 5, a solar, wind and external charging module 6, a crop diameter and distance module, a wind speed module 7, and a moisture module 8. And the main control board 2 is respectively connected to the battery pack 9, the network module, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil pH test module 5, the solar, wind and external charging module 6, the crop diameter and distance module, the wind speed module 7, and the moisture module 8. Among them, the main control board 2 is specifically STM32 in this embodiment.

[0041] Specifically, the main control board 2 is used to control and obtain the monitoring data of forestry and agriculture from each module, can monitor the growth rate and growth environment of crops, help the operators analyze through the data, and different data can be monitored through multiple modules, so as to effectively protect and improve the monitoring object according to multiple monitoring data and prevent major accidents. Among them, the main control board 2 performs operations on the data detected by multiple modules, converts them into machine language, and then sends or saves them through the network module, so that the operators can conduct monitoring. And by using this intelligent monitoring device to monitor forestry and agriculture, the labor cost can be reduced, and it is not necessary for the operators to go deep into forestry and agriculture for regular patrols and on-site sampling.

[0042] Specifically, the battery pack 9 is used to charge this monitoring device. The battery pack 9 is composed of imported low-temperature-resistant 18650 model battery cells, with a total capacitance of 40AH, can work normally from -30 degrees to 70 degrees, is made of lithium battery, and the charging requirements are: 5V / 12A, fully charged in 5 hours, with overcharge and over-discharge protection, and can work for 14 months on this monitoring device.

[0043] Specifically, the network module is used for communication and can send the monitoring data collected by the main control board 2 to the cloud. It enables the operators to monitor the real-time data in real time and effectively protect and improve the monitoring object to prevent major accidents.

[0044] Specifically, the GPS module can know the location and altitude of the measurement object, and can also prevent loss and locate.

[0045] Specifically, the three-in-one module is specifically integrated with a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensing module. After the three-in-one module collects data through multiple probes (temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and barometric pressure sensing module), it transmits the data to our MCU for processing and then sends it to the background and storage through the network module. It has the functions of power-off protection for setting data and recording data, high precision, strong versatility, stable operation, high reliability, etc., and can monitor the temperature, humidity, barometric pressure and other monitoring data of the monitoring object in real time through multiple sensors. Among them, the technical characteristics of the three-in-one module integrated with temperature, humidity, and barometric pressure are as follows:

[0046] 1. Real-time transmission, automatically uploading all measurement data to the cloud storage space;

[0047] 2. Built-in 100% calibrated temperature sensor;

[0048] 3. Measurement temperature range: -30°C to +70°C;

[0049] 4. Measurement accuracy: ±0.2°C;

[0050] 5. High precision (absolute error < 50Pa, relative precision < 3Pa);

[0051] 6. High long-term stability (±16Pa / year);

[0052] 7. Extremely high temperature stability and low drift characteristics;

[0053] 8. Low power consumption (sleep current: 54uA, working current < 650u).

[0054] Specifically, the soil pH test module 5 is used to detect the pH of the soil and send the monitored data to the main control board 2; the solar, wind and external charging module 6 can charge the main control board 2, or the external charging interface uses a DC battery holder to charge the main control board 2; the crop diameter and distance module is used to monitor the growth of crops and the distance between crops; the wind speed module 7 is used to monitor the wind speed or wind direction of the environment and transmit the monitored data to the main control board 2; the moisture module 8 can monitor the moisture in the environment and transmit the monitored moisture data to the main control board 2. The main control board 2 then calculates the monitoring data collected by each module and converts it into machine language for transmission to the external server through the network module, enabling the operator to monitor in real time, so that while reducing manual labor, the data of the monitored target point can be safely and timely seen for analysis, adjustment and improvement.

[0055] Specifically, the housing 1 includes a front housing 101 and a rear housing 102. The front housing 101 and the rear housing 102 are detachably connected, and after being connected, they form a structure with a hollow interior. The above-mentioned modules and the main control board 2 are all arranged inside the hollow of the housing 1. Among them, both the front housing 101 and the rear housing 102 are engineering fireproof materials.

[0056] Furthermore, the network module includes a dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna 3 and a dedicated 4G / 5G module 18 that are connected to each other. The dedicated 4G / 5G module 18 is connected to the main control board 2; the GPS module is fixed to the bottom of the housing 1. The GPS module includes a GPS / Beidou positioning antenna 4 and a dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module 19 that are connected to each other. The dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module 19 is connected to the main control board 2; the three-in-one module is integrated on the main control board 2. The air pressure sensing module includes a carbon monoxide sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

[0057] In this embodiment, the network module is arranged inside the housing 1, and the network module includes a dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna 3 and a dedicated 4G / 5G module 18. The dedicated 4G / 5G module 18 is fixedly connected to the main control board 2 through an adapter, and the main control board 2 is fixedly connected to the rear housing 102 through screws. Among them, the full-frequency band of the dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna 3 is an internal strip antenna, with an antenna gain of 12 dBi and an antenna frequency band of 700 - 2700 MHz / 600 - 6000 MHz, and the antenna connector of the dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna 3 is a 1st generation IPEX / 3rd generation IPEX / 4th generation IPEX / welding head / SMA head. The dedicated 4G / 5G module 18 uses a support LTE-TDD / LTE-FDD wireless communication module as the core, integrating power management, SIM, and serial communication signals, and quickly realizing that the main control board 2 sends the monitoring data of multiple modules collected through serial communication to the cloud. There is no need to consider network communication and wireless signal circuit design, as long as the business development of the main control board 2 is carried out. Among them, the dedicated 4G / 5G module 18 uses a 4G IoT card and is independently used with one machine, one address, and one code.

[0058] Specifically, the GPS module includes a GPS / Beidou positioning antenna 4 and a dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module 19 that are interconnected. The dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module 19 is fixedly connected to the main control board 2 through an adapter. Among them, the GPS / Beidou positioning antenna 4 is a GPS+BD ceramic positioning antenna with an antenna gain of 30 dBi, a working frequency band of 1575.42 MHz / 1561 MHz, an impedance of 50 Ω, a voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) ≤ 1.5, and an antenna interface of a generation 1 IPEX / soldered joint polarization mode with a right-handed circular polarization. The dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module 19 supports multiple satellite navigation systems, including BDS (Beidou Satellite Navigation System) in China, GPS in the United States, GLONASS in Russia, GALILEO in the European Union, QZSS in Japan, and the satellite augmentation system SBAS (WAAS, EGNOS, GAGAN, MSAS). It contains 32 tracking channels, can simultaneously receive GNSS signals from six satellite navigation systems, and realizes joint positioning. The module has the advantages of high sensitivity and low power consumption. The output protocol of this module mainly uses UART as the main output channel and outputs according to the NMEA0183 protocol format. Specifically, it supports single-system positioning of the BDS / GPS / GLONASS satellite navigation systems, as well as multi-system joint positioning of any combination, and supports A-GNSS for the QZSS and SBAS systems; Cold start capture sensitivity: -148 dBm; Tracking sensitivity: -162 dBm; Positioning accuracy: 2.5 meters (open area); Low power consumption: Continuous operation < 25 mA (@3.3 V); This module also has built-in antenna detection and antenna short-circuit protection functions.

[0059] Specifically, the three-in-one module is integrated on the main control board 2. The air pressure sensing module includes a carbon monoxide sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor. The three-in-one module is mainly used to detect the temperature, humidity, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide in the environment, and monitors the above data through a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a carbon monoxide sensor, and a carbon dioxide sensor. Among them, the humidity sensor, temperature sensor, carbon monoxide sensor, and carbon dioxide sensor are common sensor types on the market, and the specific models of the above sensors are not limited here.

[0060] The following table shows the parameters of the device when detecting carbon monoxide:

[0061]

[0062] The following table shows the parameters of this device when detecting carbon dioxide:

[0063]

[0064]

[0065] Further, the soil pH test module 5 includes a soil pH sensor interface. The soil pH sensor interface is connected to the main control board 2, and a first through hole adapted to the soil pH sensor interface is provided on the housing 1; the solar, wind, and external charging module 6 includes an external charging interface. The external charging interface is connected to the main control board 2, and a second through hole adapted to the external charging interface is provided on the housing 1; the wind speed module 7 includes a wind speed sensor interface. The wind speed sensor interface is connected to the main control board 2, and a third through hole adapted to the wind speed sensor interface is provided on the housing 1; the moisture module 8 includes a moisture sensor interface. The moisture sensor interface is connected to the main control board 2, and a fourth through hole adapted to the moisture sensor interface is provided on the housing 1.

[0066] In this embodiment, the soil pH test module 5 includes a soil pH sensor interface. One end of the soil pH sensor interface is connected to the main control board 2, and the other end is connected to the soil pH sensor through the first through hole exposed on the housing 1 and adapted to it. Among them, the soil pH is connected to the soil to test the pH of the soil. Among them, the soil pH sensor interface uses RS485 to IC. After the data collected by the soil pH sensor interface is transmitted to the main control board 2, it is calculated by the main control board 2 and sent to the cloud server for storage through 4G. This interface supports compatibility with various soil pH sensors on the market, and other nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other sensors can also be selected for access. Among them, a pH and moisture sensor is provided in the embodiment of the present application. After the sensor needs to be buried more than 50 cm deep into the ground, it is then plugged into the soil pH sensor interface or the moisture sensor interface through an extended signal line.

[0067] In this embodiment, the solar, wind, and external charging module 6 includes an external charging interface. The external charging interface is connected to the main control board 2. The external charging interface is used to charge the monitoring device, and this interface can use a DC DC battery socket for the external charging interface to supply power to the detection device. Among them, one end of the external charging interface is connected to the main control board 2, and the other end is then charged or externally connected to the charging interface through the second through hole exposed on the housing 1 and adapted to it.

[0068] In this embodiment, the wind speed module 7 includes a wind speed sensor interface. One end of the wind speed sensor interface is connected to the main control board 2, and the other end is used to connect a wind speed sensor 21 and a wind direction sensor 22 through a third through hole exposed outside the housing 1 and adapted thereto. Among them, the wind speed sensor 21 is used to measure the wind speed, and the wind direction sensor 22 is used to measure the wind direction. Among them, the wind speed sensor interface uses RS485 to convert to IC, and the wind speed sensor interface transmits the wind speed and direction to the main control board 2, and after being calculated by the main control board 2, it is sent to the cloud server for storage through 4G. This wind speed sensor interface supports compatibility with various wind speed / direction sensors on the market. Among them, the wind speed sensor 21 and the wind direction sensor 22 provided in the embodiment of the present application are generally fixedly arranged in an open place and are plugged into the wind speed sensor interface through a signal extension cable.

[0069] In this embodiment, the moisture module 8 includes a moisture sensor interface. One end of the moisture sensor interface is connected to the main control board 2, and the other end is used to connect a moisture sensor through a fourth through hole exposed outside the housing 1 and adapted thereto. Among them, the moisture sensor is used to monitor the moisture in the environment. Among them, the moisture sensor interface uses RS485 to convert to IC, and the moisture sensor interface transmits the moisture and direction in the environment to the main control board 2, and after being calculated by the main control board 2, it is sent to the cloud server for storage through 4G. This moisture sensor interface supports compatibility with various moisture sensors on the market.

[0070] Further, the crop diameter and distance module includes a cord-type shift register 10 and a register fixing member 11. The cord-type shift register 10 is fixedly connected to the register fixing member 11, and the register fixing member 11 is fixedly connected to the housing 1; the cord-type shift register 10 includes a cord member and a cord displacement sensor connected to each other. The stretching displacement sensor is also connected to the main control board 2, and a measurement port 1022 is opened on the housing 1. The cord member can extend or retract relative to the measurement port 1022 for measurement.

[0071] In this embodiment, the crop diameter and distance module includes a cord-type shift register 10 and a register fixing member 11. The cord-type shift register 10 is fixed to the register fixing member 11 by screws, and the register fixing member 11 is then fixed to the rear housing 102 by screws.

[0072] Specifically, the cable-pulling type shift register includes a cable-pulling member and a cable-pulling displacement sensor which are connected to each other. The stretching displacement sensor is connected to the main control board 2. The cable-pulling displacement sensor is used to transmit the distance of the cable pulled out by the cable-pulling member to the main control board 2. After calculation by the main control board 2, it is transmitted to the cloud server through the network module for the operators to monitor the data in real time. Among them, the cable-pulling displacement sensor converts the linear displacement of the cable-pulling member into the rotational motion of the wire winding wheel, and uses an encoder to measure the rotation angle or number of turns, so as to accurately calculate the telescopic length of the cable-pulling rope. Among them, a measurement port 1022 is provided on the rear housing 102. The measurement port 1022 allows the cable-pulling member to extend or retract. When the cable-pulling member is pulled out through the measurement port 1022, the diameter or distance of the crop can be measured. When the measurement is completed, it can be retracted into the housing 1 through the measurement port 1022. Specifically, when the monitoring device is fixed on the tree trunk, the steel wire rope in the cable-pulling member is wound around the tree trunk in parallel for one week and buckled and fixed on the steel wire rope. When the tree grows, the cable-pulling displacement sensor can monitor whether the steel wire rope in the cable-pulling member extends or retracts again, so as to sense the growth of the tree. If the tree grows larger, the diameter of the tree trunk will become larger, and the steel wire rope will extend again. If the tree shrinks and becomes smaller, the diameter of the tree trunk will become smaller, and the steel wire rope will retract a part.

[0073] The following table shows the product parameters of the cable-pulling displacement sensor:

[0074]

[0075] Specifically, the communication protocol of the cable-pulling displacement sensor is:

[0076] Use the MODBUS-RTU (national standard GB / T19582-2008) communication protocol for communication, support one master station to control multiple slave stations, and 255 slave station addresses can be configured through the built-in upper computer. The master station can be a single-chip microcomputer, a PLC or a PC, etc.

[0077] The communication parameters are:

[0078] The baud rate is default 9600bps, 8 data bits, no parity, 1 stop bit; the configurable range of the baud rate is 9600~115200bps, and the default communication address (station number) of the encoder is 1.

[0079] And the cable-pulling displacement sensor uses the MODBUS-RTU frame format. This encoder supports 0x03 (read holding register), 0x06 (write single register), 0x10 (write multiple registers) of MODBUS.

[0080] Furthermore, a function key module connected to the main control board 2 is also provided inside the housing 1. The function key module includes a key member 12, a waterproof member 13, and a key fixing member 14. The key member 12 passes through the waterproof member 13 and is fixedly connected to the key fixing member 14, and the key fixing member 14 is fixedly connected to the housing 1. A plurality of keys are provided on the key member 12, and the plurality of keys sequentially pass through the waterproof member 13, the key fixing member 14 and are exposed outside the housing 1.

[0081] In this embodiment, a function key module is also provided inside the housing 1. The function key module is connected to the main control board 2. The function key module includes a key member 12, a waterproof member 13, and a key fixing member 14. The key member 12 is fixedly arranged on the key fixing member 14 by a screw passing through the waterproof member 13, and then the key fixing member 14 is fixed to the rear housing 102 by a screw. Among them, the waterproof member 13 is specifically a waterproof silicone pad in this embodiment. The specific type of the waterproof member 13 is not limited here and is set according to actual production requirements as long as it can prevent water.

[0082] Specifically, a plurality of keys are provided on the key member 12, and a plurality of through holes adapted to the keys are respectively provided on the waterproof member 13, the key fixing member 14 and the rear housing 102, so that the keys on the key member 12 can sequentially pass through the waterproof member 13, the key fixing member 14 and the rear housing 102, and thus are exposed outside the housing 1. The keys are exposed outside the housing 1, which enables the operator to press the keys more conveniently.

[0083] Among them, the plurality of keys respectively include a reset key, an add key, a subtract key, and a confirmation key. The reset key can reset the monitoring device; pressing the add key once briefly can increase the compensation value by 1 mm (the compensation value can be positive or negative), and pressing the add key for 3 s long will cause the monitoring device to restore the factory settings to the initial state; pressing the subtract key once briefly will decrease the compensation value by 1 mm; pressing the confirmation key for 3 s long will save the compensation value. Among them, the keys here correspond to the crop diameter and distance measured by the rope-pulling shift register, and the compensation value here is used to compensate the measured value of the rope-pulling shift register.

[0084] Furthermore, a device fixing member 15 and a cushion member 16 are also provided on a side wall of the housing 1 where the keys are exposed, and windproof fixing positions 1021 are respectively provided around the side of the housing 1 where the device fixing member 15 is provided.

[0085] In this embodiment, the side wall of the housing 1 where the keys are exposed is the rear cover body 102. The device fixing member 15 and the cushion member 16 are provided on the rear cover body. The device fixing member 15 is fixed to the rear cover body 102 by a screw, and the monitoring device can be fixed at the position to be monitored through the device fixing member 15. Among them, a cushion member 16 is further provided below the device fixing member 15. The setting of the cushion member 16 here can enable the operator to press the keys more conveniently.

[0086] In this embodiment, windproof fixing positions 1021 are respectively provided at the four corners of the rear cover body 102. By passing a rope through the windproof fixing positions 1021, the monitoring device can be fixed around the object to be measured, thereby preventing the monitoring device from being blown by the wind.

[0087] Furthermore, the housing 1 is also provided with a battery pack 9 and a spare USB data reading interface 20. The main control board 2 is respectively connected to the battery pack 9 and the spare USB data reading interface 20. A fixing groove 1023 is provided on the inner side wall of the housing 1. The battery pack 9, the dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna 3 and the GPS / Beidou positioning antenna 4 are clamped in the fixing groove 1023; an indicator light is connected to the main control board 2, and a battery pack 17 is also provided on the housing 1.

[0088] In this embodiment, a spare USB data reading interface 20 is also provided in the housing 1. The spare USB data reading interface 20 is connected to the main control board 2. Among them, the spare USB data reading interface 20 can prevent the internal storage data from being retrieved in case of a wireless failure. Among them, a fixing groove 1023 is provided on the rear housing 102. The battery pack 9, the dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna 3 and the GPS / Beidou positioning antenna 4 are clamped in the fixing groove 1023, so as to be fixed and prevent the battery pack 9, the dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna 3 and the GPS / Beidou positioning antenna 4 from shaking in the housing 1.

[0089] Specifically, an indicator light is also connected to the main control board 2, and a battery pack 17 is provided on the front housing 101. The operator can observe the color of the indicator light from the battery pack 17 to judge the working state of the monitoring device. Among them, the red, green, and blue lights of the indicator light can be seen from the battery pack 17, which are "button light (red)", "running light (green)", and "initialization status light (blue)" respectively.

[0090] ① Button light (red): After inputting the perimeter compensation value, press and hold the confirmation button. At this time, the red light will flash once, indicating that the modified content has been successfully saved. Among them, the red indicator light corresponds to the button.

[0091] ② Running light (green): One fast and one slow indicates that it is in the boot program.

[0092] Slow and uniform flashing indicates that the program is already running.

[0093] Fast flashing indicates that the program is being remotely downloaded.

[0094] Constant on indicates that the remotely downloaded program is in the process of overwriting the original APP.

[0095] ③ Initialization status light (blue): When this light is on, it indicates that the device is in the initialization state. Since the device needs to perform the following three steps when powered on for the first time: 1. Check the network connection; 2. Calibrate the time through the network; 3. Obtain the current GPS position data and save it. Only when all three initialization steps are completed will the device exit the initialization state, be able to operate normally, and the blue light will go out. After initialization is completed, this light will not light up again.

[0096] Further, please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , Figure 8 , which is the schematic diagram of the intelligent data monitoring method for forestry and agriculture of the present invention. Figure 9 , which is the flow schematic diagram of the intelligent data monitoring method for forestry and agriculture of the present invention. The present invention also provides an intelligent data monitoring method for forestry and agriculture, which is applied to an intelligent monitoring device for forestry and agriculture described in any one of the above. The method includes:

[0097] Step 101: Obtain and process the monitoring data of multiple modules based on the main control board 2, and package the processed monitoring data into data packets.

[0098] In this embodiment, the multiple modules specifically include a GPS module, a three-in-one module, a soil pH test module, a solar, wind and external charging module, a crop diameter and distance module, a wind speed module, and a moisture module. First, bury the soil pH and moisture sensors into the soil and insert them into the crop epidermis respectively. Install the wind speed and direction sensor according to the site conditions, and then connect it to the interface of the monitoring device through a signal line. The ADC (analog-to-digital converter) converts the analog signal into a digital value and directly reads the digital signal through the I2C, SPI or single-wire protocol of the interface, and then the main control board reads the data of the sensor. The main control board 2 collects the monitoring data of the growth of the diameter or distance of the crop, the temperature, humidity, air pressure, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, soil pH, moisture, wind speed and direction measured by the above modules, as well as the GPS and Beidou positioning, and processes the collected monitoring data. The main control board 2 then packages the processed monitoring data into data packets for transmission.

[0099] Step 102: Send the data packet to the network module, and encapsulate the data packet into an IP packet through the network module and encrypt it for transmission to the Internet.

[0100] In this embodiment, the network module is specifically a 4G module in this embodiment and needs to insert a SIM card, and configure the APN through the AT command (`AT+CGDCONT=1,"IP","cmnet"`). Specifically, by correctly configuring the APN, the 4G module can establish a connection with the operator's network, providing a network foundation for subsequent data transmission such as HTTP / MQTT. Among them, during the deployment process:

[0101] 1. Record all AT command interaction logs for easy troubleshooting.

[0102] 2. Add a retry mechanism (at least three times) for critical commands (such as APN settings).

[0103] 3. Regularly detect the validity of the IP address of the 4G module (to prevent disconnection due to operator NAT timeout).

[0104] Establish a TCP / IP or HTTP connection and send `AT+HTTPINIT` to initialize the HTTP service.

[0105] Then, send the data packet to the 4G module through the serial port (UART) of the main control board 2. The 4G module encapsulates the data packet into an IP packet and encrypts and transmits it to the Internet through the mobile network (i.e., the 4G base station). Specifically, TLS encryption transmission (HTTPS / MQTTS) is used. TLS encryption provides end-to-end, full-message, and continuous encryption protection in Internet of Things communication. From the first handshake packet when the monitoring device initiates the connection until the final connection is closed, all transmitted bitstreams are encrypted.

[0106] Step 103: Transmit the IP packet to the cloud server through the Internet according to the type of the IP packet, and then verify, parse, and store the IP packet in the database through the cloud server.

[0107] In this embodiment, the Internet selects a suitable protocol according to the type of the received IP packet and transmits it to the cloud server. The cloud server (such as AWS, Alibaba Cloud) deploys a server program and listens on a specific port (such as HTTP 80 / 443 or MQTT 1883) to receive the IP packet. For example: 1. The device sends a POST request to `https: / / api.example.com / sensor-data`, and the cloud server extends the device ID and TOKEN to prevent illegal access. Among them, the encryption transmission and decryption verification in Step 102 and this step are common authentication methods, such as OAuth2, API Key, and JWT methods.

[0108] After the cloud server verifies the IP packet, it parses the IP packet to obtain the specific data and then stores it in the database, such as the InfluxDB time series database and the MySQL relational database.

[0109] Step 104: Send the parsed IP packet to the APP side or the PC side through the cloud server.

[0110] In this embodiment, after the data sent by the device is parsed by the cloud server, the APP side / PC side can periodically send HTTP GET requests to query the latest data, or can query the device data at a fixed time through the APP side. The APP side / PC side can monitor the real-time data for viewing and analysis, and can also download data tables for analysis.

[0111] Among them, the cloud server also actively pushes data to the APP side / PC side through the WebSocket or MQTT subscription mode.

[0112] To sum up, the main control board 2 obtains the monitoring data of the growth of the diameter or distance of the crop, the temperature, humidity, air pressure, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, soil acidity, moisture, wind speed and direction measurement, and GPS and Beidou positioning, and then performs operation and conversion into machine language, which is wirelessly sent by the base station through the 4G / 5G / NB module and saved to the cloud server. At the same time, it can also be sent to a private server and then wirelessly sent to a customized mobile APP, ipad and computer PC side to monitor the real-time data for viewing and analysis, and can also download data tables for analysis.

[0113] Further, each of the multiple modules includes different sensors. The main control board 2 obtains and processes the monitoring data of the multiple modules, including:

[0114] Step 201: Collect monitoring data based on the multiple sensors, and send the collected monitoring data to the main control board 2;

[0115] Step 202: Process the obtained monitoring data through the main control board 2, and perform calibration, unit conversion and filtering according to the characteristics of the sensors.

[0116] In this embodiment, each module monitors data through sensors. After the main control board 2 obtains the monitoring data of multiple sensors, it is necessary to calibrate, convert units and filter the obtained data according to the characteristics of the sensors. Among them, 1. Hardware filtering is preferentially implemented for analog sensors (PH, air pressure); 2. Double protection of protocol verification + software filtering is adopted for digital sensors; 3. Filtering algorithms are selected according to sensor characteristics: temperature and humidity: moving average + outlier rejection; gas concentration: median filtering + change filter limit; wind speed: hardware debounce + software low-pass filtering.

[0117] Further, please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the sub-process of the forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring method in the embodiment of the present application. The transmission of the IP packet to the cloud server by selecting a suitable protocol through the Internet includes:

[0118] Select the HTTP / HTTPS protocol through the Internet to transmit the IP packets with a small amount of data to the cloud server;

[0119] Select the MQTT protocol through the Internet to perform low-power and real-time push of the high-frequency IP packets to the cloud server;

[0120] Select the TCP / UDP protocol through the Internet to transmit the IP packets with high-frequency or large traffic to the cloud server.

[0121] In this embodiment, for low-frequency data transmission (such as once an hour), the standard HTTP process can be used; for high-frequency scenarios (>1 time / minute), TCP long connection or MQTT protocol is used, and the MQTT protocol also supports low power consumption and real-time push.

[0122] The present invention provides a forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device and method. The device includes a hollow shell, and a main control board, a battery pack, a network module, a GPS module, a three-in-one module, a soil pH test module, a solar, wind and external charging module, a crop diameter and distance module, a wind speed module and a moisture module are arranged in the shell. The main control board is connected to the battery pack, the network module, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil pH test module, the solar, wind and external charging module, the crop diameter and distance module, the wind speed module and the moisture module. Among them, the three-in-one module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensing module. Through the monitoring device provided by the present invention, by setting the main control board, the GPS module, the three-in-one module, the soil pH test module, the wind speed module and the moisture module, the growth conditions and environmental requirements of trees and crops in forestry and agriculture can be detected. The solar, wind and external charging module can also charge the monitoring device to keep its power always on, and the main control board can send the data detected by the above modules through the network module, enabling operators to monitor real-time data and make timely processing for safety. Different modules can be applied to different monitoring purposes, which can reduce labor costs and safely and timely view the data of the monitored target points for analysis, adjustment and improvement to prevent major accidents; and a battery pack is also integrated in the device, integrating multiple modules and the battery in the device, which is convenient for production, installation and debugging and changes the traditional working mode of multiple combined modules.

[0123] In each embodiment of the present invention, each functional module may be integrated into a processing module, or each module may exist physically alone, or two or more modules may be integrated into one module. The above integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0124] Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the specification of the present invention, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of this technical solution, may be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, read-only memories (ROMs), random access memories (RAMs), magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0125] It should be noted that for the foregoing method embodiments, for the sake of simple description, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations. However, those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the described action sequence, because according to the present invention, certain steps may be performed in other sequences or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention. In the above embodiments, the descriptions of each embodiment have their own emphases. For the parts not detailed in a certain embodiment, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0126] For those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the embodiments of this application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent data monitoring device for forestry and agriculture, characterized in that, It includes a housing with a hollow interior. Inside the housing, there are a main control board, a battery pack, a network module, a GPS module, a three-in-one module, a soil pH test module, a solar, wind and external charging module, a crop diameter and distance module, a wind speed module, and a moisture module. The main control board is connected to the battery pack, network module, GPS module, three-in-one module, soil pH test module, solar, wind and external charging module, crop diameter and distance module, wind speed module, and moisture module. Among them, the three-in-one module includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and a barometric pressure sensing module.

2. The forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The network module includes a dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna and a dedicated 4G / 5G module that are connected to each other. The dedicated 4G / 5G module is connected to the main control board. The GPS module is fixed at the bottom of the housing. The GPS module includes a GPS / Beidou positioning antenna and a dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module that are connected to each other. The dedicated GPS and Beidou dual-core module is connected to the main control board. The three-in-one module is integrated on the main control board, and the barometric pressure sensing module includes a carbon monoxide sensor and a carbon dioxide sensor.

3. The forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that The soil pH test module includes a soil pH sensor interface that is connected to the main control board. A first through hole adapted to the soil pH sensor interface is provided on the housing. The solar, wind and external charging module includes an external charging interface that is connected to the main control board. A second through hole adapted to the external charging interface is provided on the housing. The wind speed module includes a wind speed sensor interface that is connected to the main control board. A third through hole adapted to the wind speed sensor interface is provided on the housing. The moisture module includes a moisture sensor interface that is connected to the main control board. A fourth through hole adapted to the moisture sensor interface is provided on the housing.

4. The forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein, The crop diameter and distance module includes a rope-drawn shift register and a register fixing member. The rope-drawn shift register is fixedly connected to the register fixing member, and the register fixing member is fixedly connected to the housing. The rope-drawn shift register includes a rope member and a rope displacement sensor that are connected to each other. The tensile displacement sensor is also connected to the main control board. A measurement port is provided on the housing, and the rope member can extend or retract relative to the measurement port for measurement.

5. The forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that A function key module connected to the main control board is also provided inside the housing. The function key module includes a key member, a waterproof member, and a key fixing member. The key member passes through the waterproof member and is fixedly connected to the key fixing member. The key fixing member is fixedly connected to the housing. Multiple keys are provided on the key member, and the multiple keys sequentially pass through the waterproof member and the key fixing member and are exposed outside the housing.

6. The forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device according to claim 5, characterized in that, An equipment fixing member and a cushion member are also provided on a side wall of the housing where the keys are exposed. Windproof fixing positions are respectively provided around the side of the housing where the equipment fixing member is provided.

7. The forestry and agriculture intelligent data monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, A spare USB data reading interface is further provided inside the housing. The main control board is connected to the spare USB data reading interface. A fixing groove is provided on the inner side wall of the housing. The battery pack, the dedicated 4G / 5G module antenna, and the GPS / Beidou positioning antenna are clamped in the fixing groove. An indicator light is connected to the main control board, and an observation window is further provided on the housing.

8. An intelligent data monitoring method for forestry and agriculture, characterized in that, Applied to an agricultural and forestry intelligent data monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-7, the method includes: Obtaining and processing the monitoring data of multiple modules based on the main control board, and packaging the processed monitoring data into data packets; Sending the data packets to the network module, and encapsulating the data packets into IP packets through the network module and encrypting and transmitting them to the Internet; Selecting a suitable protocol according to the type of the IP packet through the Internet to transmit it to the cloud server, and then verifying, parsing, and storing the IP packet to the database through the cloud server; Sending the parsed IP packet to the APP side or the PC side through the cloud server.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein The multiple modules respectively include different sensors. The obtaining and processing the monitoring data of multiple modules based on the main control board includes: Collecting the monitoring data based on the multiple sensors, and sending the collected monitoring data to the main control board; Processing the obtained monitoring data through the main control board, and performing calibration, unit conversion, and filtering according to the characteristics of the sensors.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The selecting a suitable protocol to transmit the IP packet to the cloud server through the Internet includes: Selecting the HTTP / HTTPS protocol through the Internet to transmit the IP packet with a small data volume to the cloud server; Selecting the MQTT protocol through the Internet to perform low-power and real-time push of the high-frequency IP packet to the cloud server; Selecting the TCP / UDP protocol through the Internet to transmit the IP packet with high-frequency or large traffic data to the cloud server.

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