Haze environment simulation device for experimental animals

Abstract

The invention discloses a haze environment simulation device for experimental animals in the technical field of atmospheric environment research equipment, and the haze environment simulation device comprises a haze generation assembly, the haze generation assembly is communicated with a haze contamination assembly, the haze contamination assembly is communicated with an atmospheric quality detector, the atmospheric quality detector is communicated with an air purification assembly, and the air purification assembly is communicated with an air purification device. A controller is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the haze generation assembly, the haze generation assembly, the haze contamination assembly, the air quality detector and the air purification assembly are all in signal connection with the controller, and a trained convolutional neural network used for analyzing and counting animal behavioral data according to experimental animal image information is arranged in the controller. And the haze contamination assembly is used for inputting haze generated by simulation to contaminate the experimental animal, observing image information of the experimental animal by using a penetrating shooting means, improving the haze uniformity in a long-time contamination process, ensuring that experimental animal samples in the same experiment are equally infected by simulated haze, and improving the reliability of experimental data.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of atmospheric environment research equipment, and specifically relates to a haze environment simulation device for experimental animals. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing severity of global environmental problems, haze has become a global challenge. Haze not only affects air quality but also may have a profound impact on the ecosystem, climate change, and human health. In order to deeply understand the formation causes, propagation mechanisms, and specific impacts on organisms in the environment of haze, scientific researchers need a scientific device that can simulate real haze conditions.

[0003] Existing haze environment simulation devices can already achieve the generation and control of aerosols, the control of temperature and humidity, the generation of dust, the generation of combustion exhaust gases, the gas mixing and aging, and the detection of haze components, so as to be able to relatively realistically simulate the formation of haze and accurately detect the composition of the formed haze, as described in the patent content of publication number CN107374585B.

[0004] However, on the one hand, the composition of haze still needs to be refined. For example, the exhaust gases generated by the combustion of solid fuels and the tail gases generated by the incomplete combustion during the operation of fuel engines have some overlapping components but most components are different. During the aerosol generation process, nitrates, sulfates, and ammonium salts need to be added to simulate the generation of saline mists caused by agricultural emissions, coal combustion emissions, and traffic emissions. On the other hand, the design of the exposure chamber of existing haze environment simulation devices for experimental animals is simple, resulting in different diffusion rates of haze in the exposure chamber during long-term animal exposure experiments and easy deposition, thereby causing local concentration differences of haze, which in turn affects the authenticity and reliability of the individual exposure results in the experimental animal group.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a haze environment simulation device for experimental animals that can penetrate the haze to capture animal images during animal exposure, perform animal behavior recognition and analysis, detect the aerosol concentration distribution after detecting abnormalities, use variable-direction airflows to pertinently disturb the haze to maintain the uniformity of haze in the exposure chamber, refine the source of haze generation, and improve the authenticity of haze environment simulation and the exposure consistency between animal experiment samples. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a haze environment simulation device for experimental animals, which can subdivide and simulate the components of haze for generation simulation, can observe the abnormal behaviors of animals through a camera during the animal exposure stage, and after being analyzed and recognized by a convolutional neural network, use variable-direction airflows to pertinently disturb and improve the uniformity of haze in the exposure chamber, thereby enhancing the authenticity of haze environment simulation and the reliability and uniformity of exposure data of animal experiment samples.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A smog environment simulation device for experimental animals, comprising a smog generation component, the smog generation component is connected to a smog exposure component, the smog exposure component is connected to an air quality detector, the air quality detector is connected to an air purification component, the outer wall of the smog generation component is fixedly connected with a controller, and the smog generation component, the smog exposure component, the air quality detector and the air purification component are all connected to the controller in a signal connection. There is a trained convolutional neural network in the controller for analyzing and statistically processing ethological data according to the image information of experimental animals.

[0008] The smog generation component is used to generate the harmful components of smog in the ways of ultrasonic fog generation, vibration dust raising, solid fuel combustion and engine exhaust gas according to the smog components, and mix and age the above components to simulate the real smog generation process; the smog exposure component is used to introduce the simulated generated smog to expose the experimental animals to the poison, observe the image information of the experimental animals by using penetrating shooting means, and improve the smog uniformity during the long-term exposure process; the air quality detector is used to detect the concentration change of harmful components in the simulated smog at different positions of the smog exposure component; the air purification component is used to process the waste simulated smog and discharge the purified air into the outside world.

[0009] The principle of the basic solution is: By means of ultrasonic fog generation, vibration dust raising, solid fuel combustion and engine exhaust gas, etc., various harmful components in smog are simulated. These components are mixed and aged in the smog generation component to simulate the real smog generation process. This process ensures that the simulated smog is similar to the real smog in terms of composition and generation mechanism.

[0010] The smog exposure component is responsible for introducing the generated smog into the living environment of the experimental animals to expose them to the poison. The image information of the experimental animals is observed by using penetrating shooting means (such as short-wave infrared shooting) to capture their abnormal behaviors. The trained convolutional neural network built in the controller is used to analyze this image information and statistically process the ethological data of the animals. This process helps the experimenters understand the impact of smog on the behaviors of experimental animals, and then infer the abnormality of smog concentration. After the lidar detects the abnormal smog concentration, it adjusts the variable-direction air flow to improve the smog uniformity in the exposure chamber.

[0011] The air quality detector is used to monitor in real time the concentration change of harmful components in the simulated smog at different positions of the smog exposure component. The air purification component is responsible for processing the waste simulated smog after the experiment and discharging the purified air into the outside world.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. By comprehensively adopting various methods such as ultrasonic fogging, vibration dust raising, solid fuel combustion, and engine exhaust gas generation, this device can highly simulate the composition and generation mechanism of real smog. This sub - simulation not only ensures the diversity of smog components but also further approximates the complexity and dynamic changes of natural smog through the mixing and aging process. Therefore, the exposure of experimental animals in the simulated smog environment is closer to the actual situation, providing more real - world data support for scientific research.

[0013] 2. The trained convolutional neural network built into the controller can analyze the image information of experimental animals in real time and accurately capture the ethological characteristics of the animals. This technology not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of data collection but also reduces the influence of human error and subjective judgment through intelligent analysis means. At the same time, by adjusting the air flow direction according to the behavior and position information of the animals, the uniformity of smog in the exposure chamber is improved, ensuring the consistency of the exposure of experimental animals throughout the experiment, thereby enhancing the reliability and uniformity of the experimental data.

[0014] 3. This device significantly improves the convenience and efficiency of experimental operations through automated and intelligent technical means. For example, the real - time analysis function of the convolutional neural network can quickly identify abnormal behaviors of animals, providing timely feedback and guidance for experimental personnel.

[0015] 4. The air quality detector monitors the concentration changes of harmful components in the simulated smog in real time, providing accurate environmental pollution data support for experimental personnel. This helps to timely detect and handle potential environmental pollution problems, ensuring the environmental protection and safety of the experimental process.

[0016] Furthermore, the smog exposure component includes an exposure chamber. A number of cameras are installed on the outer wall of the exposure chamber, all of which face the inside of the exposure chamber. An annular groove is opened on the bottom wall of the exposure chamber, and a number of turbine fans are arranged in the annular groove. A number of electric push rods are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove, and the output ends of the electric push rods are respectively hinged to both sides of the corresponding turbine fans. A breathable net is laid at the opening of the annular groove. A number of feeders and waterers with the same distance between them are fixedly connected to the top of the exposure chamber. Pressure sensors for detecting the remaining amount and consumption data of food and water are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the feeders and waterers. A temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly connected inside the exposure chamber. The cameras, turbine fans, electric push rods, pressure sensors, and temperature and humidity sensors are all signal - connected to the controller.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. The several cameras installed on the outer wall of the exposure chamber in different directions can capture the behavioral characteristics of experimental animals in all directions and from multiple angles, ensuring the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data. The convolutional neural network in the controller can analyze this image information in real time, which not only improves the efficiency of data analysis but also can promptly detect and respond to the abnormal behaviors of animals, providing more refined data support for scientific research.

[0018] 2. The combined design of the turbine fan and the electric push rod in the annular groove enables the dynamic adjustment of the airflow in the exposure chamber. According to the instructions of the convolutional neural network, the electric push rod can push the turbine fan to adjust the angle, thereby changing the flow direction and intensity of the airflow, ensuring the uniform distribution of the haze in the exposure chamber. This dynamic adjustment mechanism not only improves the reliability of the experimental data but also can simulate the influence of different wind speeds and directions on the haze distribution, providing the possibility for more in-depth scientific research.

[0019] 3. The pressure sensors at the bottoms of the feeder and the waterer can monitor the remaining amounts and consumption data of food and water in real time, providing a convenient means of material management for experimental personnel. The controller can automatically adjust the feeding and watering frequencies and amounts according to these data, ensuring the nutritional needs and water supplement of experimental animals during the exposure process. At the same time, the changes in the feeding and drinking frequencies and time distributions of experimental animals are also a type of animal behavior change.

[0020] 4. Through the intelligent management and automatic adjustment mechanism, this device can significantly reduce the labor intensity and time cost of experimental personnel and improve the overall experimental efficiency. At the same time, through precise resource management and environmental monitoring means, this device can also achieve the maximum utilization of resources and the friendly protection of the environment, conforming to the concept of sustainable development.

[0021] Furthermore, a circular track is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the exposure chamber. There is a rail vehicle on the circular track, and a lidar is fixedly connected to the rail vehicle. The lidar faces the center of the exposure chamber. The installation height of the circular track is higher than the upright height of the mice. The lidar is signal-connected to the controller, and the lidar is used to detect the aerosol concentration distribution.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. As a high-precision detection tool, the lidar can detect and invert the concentration distribution of aerosols (i.e., haze particles) in the exposure chamber in real time and accurately. This high-precision detection not only provides more detailed and accurate data support but also helps to discover the uneven areas of the haze distribution, providing a more precise basis for dynamically adjusting the haze uniformity.

[0023] 2. The data detected by the laser radar can be transmitted to the controller in real time. The controller automatically adjusts the working status of components such as the turbine fan and electric push rod according to the data to achieve uniform distribution of haze in the contamination chamber. This intelligent adjustment mechanism not only improves the reliability and accuracy of the experimental data, but also can be flexibly adjusted according to the experimental needs and optimize the experimental conditions.

[0024] Furthermore, the camera is equipped with a thermal imager and a short-wave infrared imager. The thermal imager is used to capture the position and displacement images of the experimental animals, and the short-wave infrared imager is used to penetrate the simulated haze to capture the movements and expressions of the experimental animals.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the basic scheme are: 1. The thermal imager can capture the position and displacement images of experimental animals, providing the activity trajectory and movement pattern of animals in the poisoning chamber. This position information is crucial for understanding the behavioral adaptability and escape strategies of animals in a haze environment.

[0026] 2. Short-wave infrared imagers can penetrate simulated smog and clearly capture the movements and expressions of experimental animals, revealing the impact of smog on the details of animal behavior, such as breathing rate, eye activity, changes in facial expressions, etc. This detailed observation helps to gain a deeper understanding of the potential harm of smog to organisms.

[0027] 3. The combined use of thermal imagers and short-wave infrared imagers can capture the behavioral characteristics of experimental animals from different dimensions and improve the accuracy and reliability of data. This multi-dimensional data support helps reduce the information loss or error that may be caused by a single imaging method, and provides sufficient comprehensive and accurate data support for the subsequent use of convolutional neural networks to analyze and identify animal behavior.

[0028] 4. The thermal imager's sensitivity to temperature changes enables it to capture the slight changes in body temperature of experimental animals caused by haze exposure, which may be related to the animal's stress response, metabolic rate changes, etc. The penetrating ability of the short-wave infrared imager enhances the robustness of the experiment in the simulated haze environment, ensuring that the behavioral details of the animals can be clearly observed even when the haze concentration is high.

[0029] Furthermore, the haze generation component includes a salt spray generator, which consists of a salt spray cavity. An atomization pool is provided inside the salt spray cavity. At the bottom wall of the atomization pool, there is a fixed ultrasonic transducer that converts electrical energy into ultra-high-frequency mechanical vibration. A water injection pipe and an overflow pipe are connected to the side wall of the salt spray cavity. The bottom wall of the atomization pool is connected to a drain pipe. Valves are provided at the mouths of the water injection pipe, the overflow pipe, and the drain pipe. An intake fan is connected to the top wall of the salt spray cavity. An atomization pipe is connected to the top wall of the salt spray cavity. An atomization air valve is fixedly connected inside the atomization pipe. The end of the atomization pipe away from the salt spray cavity is connected to an aging chamber, where an ultraviolet lamp is provided. The aging chamber is connected to a voltage stabilizer. A aging pipe is connected to the side wall of the aging chamber, and the aging pipe is connected to the top wall of the exposure chamber. An aging air valve is fixedly connected inside the aging pipe. The atomization air valve, the aging air valve, the intake fan, and the ultrasonic transducer are all signal-connected to the controller.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. The salt spray generator converts electrical energy into ultra-high-frequency mechanical vibration through the ultrasonic transducer, atomizing the brine in the salt spray cavity into tiny particles, which can simulate the salt components in haze, such as sea salt aerosol. By adjusting the concentration of the brine and the power of the ultrasonic transducer, the size and concentration of the generated salt spray particles can be precisely controlled, thus more accurately simulating the haze characteristics in different regions and seasons.

[0031] 2. The generated salt spray particles enter the aging chamber through the atomization pipe and undergo a photochemical reaction under the irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp, simulating the aging process of haze particles in the natural environment. This aging treatment can enhance the stability and complexity of the haze particles, making them closer to the chemical composition and physical properties of real haze. The voltage stabilizer in the aging chamber ensures the stable flow of air, avoiding the influence of air flow fluctuations on the aging process, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of haze simulation.

[0032] 3. The controller realizes intelligent control of components such as the atomization air valve, the aging air valve, the intake fan, and the ultrasonic transducer through signal connection. This automated management not only improves the convenience of experimental operation but also can flexibly adjust the generation speed and concentration of haze according to experimental requirements to meet the needs under different experimental conditions. The controller can also automatically adjust the working states of each component according to the real-time monitored environmental parameters such as haze concentration, temperature, and humidity to ensure the stability and consistency of the experimental environment.

[0033] Furthermore, the haze generation component also includes a dust generator, which consists of an air compression chamber. The top wall of the air compression chamber is connected to a dust chamber. The side wall of the air compression chamber is connected to a first intake pipe, and the end of the first intake pipe away from the air compression chamber is connected to a first air pump. The top wall of the dust chamber is connected to a dust pipe, and a dust air valve is fixedly connected inside the dust pipe. The dust pipe is connected to the aging chamber, and both the dust air valve and the first air pump are signal-connected to the controller.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. The addition of the dust generator enables the haze simulation experiment to include more types of particulate matters, such as dust, pollen, industrial dust, etc., which are also common components in real haze. By adjusting the parameters of the dust generator, such as dust type, concentration, particle size, etc., a more complex and realistic haze environment can be simulated, thus providing more comprehensive experimental conditions.

[0035] 2. The diverse haze components can more comprehensively reflect the impact of haze on organisms and the environment, improving the representativeness and reliability of experimental results. By comparing the experimental results under different component hazes, the harm mechanism of haze and the adaptability of organisms can be understood more deeply.

[0036] Furthermore, the haze generation component further includes a combustion generator. The bottom wall of the combustion chamber is provided with an ignition resistance wire. The combustion generator includes a combustion chamber. A second intake pipe is connected to the side wall of the combustion chamber. The end of the second intake pipe far from the combustion chamber is connected to a second air pump. A gas pipe is connected to the top wall of the combustion chamber. The gas pipe is connected to the aging chamber. A gas valve is fixedly connected inside the gas pipe. A circulating water cooler is sleeved outside the gas pipe. Both the gas valve and the second air pump are in signal connection with the controller.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. The combustion generator can simulate harmful gases generated during the combustion process, such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NO x )), sulfur dioxide (SO2), etc. These gases are important components in haze and have a significant impact on the environment and human health. By adjusting the gas type, combustion conditions, and the flow rate of the second air pump, the concentration and emission rate of harmful gases can be controlled, thus more realistically simulating the haze environment in different regions and seasons.

[0038] 2. The haze simulation environment containing harmful gas components can more comprehensively reflect the impact of haze on organisms and the environment, improving the representativeness and reliability of experimental results. By comparing the experimental results under different component hazes, the harm mechanism of haze and the adaptability of organisms can be understood more deeply, providing a scientific basis for formulating effective haze prevention and control measures.

[0039] Furthermore, the haze generation component further includes a fuel generator. The fuel generator includes a fuel engine. The exhaust port of the fuel engine is connected to a buffer chamber. The buffer chamber is connected to a tail pipe. The tail pipe is connected to the aging chamber. A tail gas valve with a flow meter is fixedly connected inside the tail pipe. Both the tail gas valve and the fuel engine are in signal connection with the controller.

[0040] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. The fuel generator can simulate the exhaust gas components emitted by the fuel engine, including particulate matters (such as PM2.5, PM10, etc.), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NO x) etc. These components account for a certain proportion in real smog and pose a threat to the environment and human health. By adding a fuel generator, the smog generation component can more comprehensively simulate the harmful gas and particulate components in real smog, thereby improving the authenticity and accuracy of the simulation.

[0041] 2. The smog simulation environment containing fuel exhaust components can more realistically reflect the impact of smog on organisms and the environment, enhancing the representativeness and persuasiveness of experimental results. Both the exhaust valve and the fuel engine are connected to the controller by signals, realizing intelligent control of fuel exhaust emissions. The controller can flexibly adjust the operating conditions of the fuel engine and the exhaust emission speed according to experimental requirements.

[0042] Furthermore, the air quality detector is connected to several detection tubes with different heights. The detection tubes are all connected to the side wall of the exposure chamber. The other side of the air quality detector is connected to an exhaust pipe. The detection data of the air quality detector include aerosol concentration, particle size and the concentration of particles with the same particle size, sulfur dioxide concentration, nitrogen oxide concentration, ozone concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, volatile organic compound concentration, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration, and dioxin concentration.

[0043] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. Through several detection tubes with different heights, the air quality detector can monitor the pollution of simulated smog at different heights, thereby obtaining more comprehensive data on the components of simulated smog. This three-dimensional monitoring method helps to discover the pollution differences and change trends of simulated smog at different heights. Since the pollutant concentration and composition in simulated smog may vary with height, multi-level monitoring can more accurately reflect the real situation of simulated smog and improve the accuracy and reliability of the data.

[0044] 2. The detection data of the air quality detector include aerosol concentration, particle size and the concentration of particles with the same particle size, sulfur dioxide concentration, nitrogen oxide concentration, ozone concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, volatile organic compound concentration, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration, and dioxin concentration, etc. These indicators cover the main types of pollutants in the atmosphere. The detailed detection indicators help to conduct in-depth analysis of the simulated smog pollution, understand the sources, distributions, and transformation laws of different pollutants, and provide a scientific basis for formulating effective environmental protection measures.

[0045] Furthermore, the air purification component includes an air purifier. The air purifier is connected to the exhaust pipe. The air purifier purifies the waste gas generated by the simulated smog experiment by using methods such as filtration adsorption, photocatalytic oxidation, and elution, and discharges it to the outside.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the basic solution are as follows: 1. The air purifier adopts three methods: filtration and adsorption, photocatalytic oxidation, and elution. These methods complement each other and can efficiently remove various pollutants in the waste gas generated by the simulated haze experiment, including particulate matter, harmful gases, and microorganisms. Through the action of multiple purification mechanisms, the air purifier can significantly reduce the pollutant concentration in the waste gas, making it meet the emission standards or a lower level, thereby reducing environmental pollution.

[0047] 2. The use of the air purifier can prevent the waste gas generated by the simulated haze experiment from causing secondary pollution in the laboratory and protect the cleanliness and safety of the experimental environment. By purifying the waste gas, the air purifier can ensure the accuracy and reliability of the experimental results and avoid interference of pollutants on the experimental results. Description of the Drawings

[0048] Figure 1 It is an axonometric view of the haze environment simulation device for experimental animals in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 2 It is a lateral sectional view of the haze environment simulation device for experimental animals in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 3 It is a side view and lateral sectional view of the haze environment simulation device for experimental animals in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 4 It is a top view of the haze environment simulation device for experimental animals in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings of the specification include: 1. Salt spray cavity; 2. Aging chamber; 3. Voltage stabilizer; 4. Exposure chamber; 5. Camera; 6. Controller; 7. Detection tube; 8. Ambient air quality detector; 9. Exhaust pipe; 10. Air purifier; 11. Feeder; 12. Water feeder; 13. Aging pipe; 14. Aging gas valve; 15. Fuel engine; 16. Combustion chamber; 17. Dust chamber; 18. Gas valve; 19. Circulating water cooler; 20. Ultraviolet lamp; 21. Ring track; 22. Lidar; 23. Ring groove; 24. Breathable net; 25. Turbine fan; 26. Electric push rod; 27. Tail gas valve; 28. Second air pump; 29. First air pump; 30. Intake fan; 31. Overflow pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0053] The following is a further detailed description through specific embodiments:

[0054] Embodiment 1

[0055] Basically as shown in the attached Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown: An apparatus for simulating a haze environment for experimental animals, including a haze generation component, which is connected to a haze exposure component. The haze exposure component is connected to an air quality detector 8, and the air quality detector 8 is connected to an air purification component. A controller 6 is installed on the outer wall of the haze generation component. The haze generation component, the haze exposure component, the air quality detector 8, and the air purification component are all connected to the controller 6 by signal. Inside the controller 6, there is a trained convolutional neural network for analyzing and statistically processing ethological data based on the image information of the experimental animals.

[0056] The haze generation component is used to generate the harmful components of haze in the ways of ultrasonic fog generation, vibrating dust generation, solid fuel combustion, and engine exhaust gas according to the haze components, and mix and age the above components to simulate the real haze generation process; the haze exposure component is used to expose the experimental animals to the simulated generated haze, observe the image information of the experimental animals by means of penetrative shooting, and improve the haze uniformity during the long-term exposure process; the air quality detector 8 is used to detect the concentration changes of the harmful components in the simulated haze at different positions of the haze exposure component; the air purification component is used to process the waste simulated haze and discharge the purified air into the outside.

[0057] As Figure 1 As shown, since haze is mainly composed of water mist aerosol, and different types of water mist aerosol in haze may dissolve different corrosive salt ions, the haze generation component includes a salt fog generator. The salt fog generator includes a salt fog chamber 1. Inside the salt fog chamber 1, there is an atomization pool. An ultrasonic transducer that converts electrical energy into ultra-high-frequency mechanical vibration is installed on the bottom wall of the atomization pool. A water injection pipe and an overflow pipe 31 are connected to the side wall of the salt fog chamber 1. A drain pipe is connected to the bottom wall of the atomization pool. Valves are installed at the mouths of the water injection pipe, the overflow pipe 31, and the drain pipe. An intake fan 30 is connected to the top wall of the salt fog chamber 1. An atomization pipe is connected to the top wall of the salt fog chamber 1. An atomization air valve is installed inside the atomization pipe. One end of the atomization pipe far from the salt fog chamber 1 is connected to an aging chamber 2. An ultraviolet lamp 20 is installed inside the aging chamber 2. The aging chamber 2 is connected to a voltage stabilizer 3. An aging pipe 13 is connected to the side wall of the aging chamber 2. The aging pipe 13 is connected to the top wall of the exposure chamber 4. An aging air valve 14 is installed inside the aging pipe 13. The atomization air valve, the aging air valve 14, the intake fan 30, and the ultrasonic transducer are all connected to the controller 6 by signal.

[0058] As Figure 1As shown in the figure, different-sized dust particles need to be added to the simulated smog to simulate the components of dust storms. The smog generation component further includes a dust generator, which includes an air compression chamber. The top wall of the air compression chamber is connected to a dust chamber 17, and the side wall of the air compression chamber is connected to a first intake pipe. The end of the first intake pipe away from the air compression chamber is connected to a first air pump 29. The top wall of the dust chamber 17 is connected to a dust pipe, and a dust air valve is installed in the dust pipe. The dust pipe is connected to the aging chamber 2, and both the dust air valve and the first air pump 29 are signal-connected to the controller 6.

[0059] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, the smog is also mixed with particles and waste gases generated after open fire combustion. Therefore, the smog generation component further includes a combustion generator, which includes a combustion chamber 16. An ignition resistance wire is laid on the bottom wall of the combustion chamber 16. The side wall of the combustion chamber 16 is connected to a second intake pipe. The end of the second intake pipe away from the combustion chamber 16 is connected to a second air pump 28. The top wall of the combustion chamber 16 is connected to a gas pipe, and the gas pipe is connected to the aging chamber 2. A gas valve 18 is installed in the gas pipe, and a circulating water cooler 19 is adhered to the outer periphery of the gas pipe. Both the gas valve 18 and the second air pump 28 are signal-connected to the controller 6.

[0060] As Figure 1 shown in the figure, the smog is also mixed with automobile exhaust. Therefore, the smog generation component further includes a fuel generator, which includes a fuel engine 15. The exhaust port of the fuel engine 15 is connected to a buffer chamber, and the buffer chamber is connected to an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is connected to the aging chamber 2. A tail gas valve 27 with a flow meter is installed in the exhaust pipe, and both the tail gas valve 27 and the fuel engine 15 are signal-connected to the controller 6.

[0061] The air quality detector 8 is connected to a number of detection pipes 7 with different heights. The detection pipes 7 are all connected to the side wall of the exposure chamber 4. The other side of the air quality detector 8 is connected to an exhaust pipe 9. The detection data of the air quality detector 8 includes aerosol concentration, particle size, particle concentration of the same particle size, sulfur dioxide concentration, nitrogen oxide concentration, ozone concentration, carbon monoxide concentration, volatile organic compound concentration, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration, and dioxin concentration.

[0062] The air purification component includes an air purifier 10. The air purifier 10 is connected to the exhaust pipe 9. The air purifier 10 purifies the waste gas generated in the simulated smog experiment by using methods such as filtration adsorption, photocatalytic oxidation, and elution, and discharges it to the outside.

[0063] The specific implementation process is as follows: Before the experiment, first prepare the raw materials required for each generator of the smog generation component. For example, for the smog formed by simulating agricultural emissions, nitrate water needs to be added to the salt spray generator. For the smog formed by simulating pollen particles and heavy metal particles, the corresponding types of powders need to be added to the dust generator, and then the generators are started.

[0064] The ultrasonic transducer at the bottom of the atomization pool of the salt spray generator converts high-frequency electrical energy into mechanical vibration. Through the high-frequency resonance of the atomization sheet, the brine in the atomization pool is processed into ultrafine particle water mist. These water mists are concentrated and gathered in the salt spray cavity 1 and are blown into the atomization pipe by the intake fan 30. On the one hand, these brine mists can increase the air humidity, thus promoting the generation of simulated haze. On the other hand, the brine mists supplement the ionic components for the simulated haze and form a turbid mist with a certain fog water conductivity.

[0065] The structure of the dust generator is similar to that of a fluidized bed. After adding the dust material into the dust chamber 17, the first air pump 29 passes air into the air compression chamber from bottom to top through the first intake pipe and makes the dust particles suspended in the formed air flow, forming a solid fluidization with a gas transportation state. The dust materials put into the experiment should include two types of particles, thick and fine. The fine particles are mainly particles with a particle size less than 40μm, and the thick particles mainly include particles with a particle size between 80 - 100μm. Through the action of solid fluidization, a large number of dust particles are suspended in the air flow, and air flow channels are formed between the thick particles. When the air flow passes through, it can stir the fine particles to enter the dust pipe uniformly with a certain flow rate along with the thick particles.

[0066] The resistance wire installed at the bottom of the combustion chamber 16 of the combustion generator heats and ignites the combustion raw materials, and makes the combustion aerosol generated by the combustion be blown into the combustion pipe by the air injected by the second air pump 28 and is cooled to room temperature by the circulating water cooling device in the combustion pipe.

[0067] The operation of the fuel generator first requires adding a certain proportion of gasoline or diesel into the fuel engine 15, and then starting the engine to generate exhaust gas. The generated exhaust gas enters the buffer chamber for cooling and then enters the tail pipe.

[0068] As Figure 2 shown, each component of the simulated haze generated by different means enters the aging chamber 2 through the corresponding pipelines. After the controller 6 controls the corresponding valves to open, the voltage stabilizer 3 in the aging chamber 2 acts as a piston structure to prevent the air pressure in the aging chamber 2 from being too high, causing mechanical deformation or too fast gas release. The irradiation of the ultraviolet lamp 20 in the aging chamber 2 on the mixed gas can not only catalyze and promote the chemical reaction between the components of the simulated haze in the mixed gas, but also form ozone by irradiating the oxygen in the air. Ozone is also an important component of air pollution, thus improving the comprehensiveness of the simulated haze components and realizing the toxicity simulation of real haze.

[0069] The aged mixed gas has gradually fused to form simulated smog. The simulated smog controls the opening of the aging valve through the controller 6 and enters the smog poisoning component through the aging pipe 13. During the long-term experiment of poisoning experimental animals, the experimental personnel put the experimental animals into the smog poisoning component to raise for a period of time to exclude the interference of stress response, and then put in the simulated smog to infect the experimental animals. At the same time, the air quality detector 8 samples the simulated smog through the detection pipes 7 distributed at different heights and detects the concentrations and average concentrations of various air pollutants in the smog, which are used as the composition data of the simulated smog to help establish the subsequent composition gradient. The accurate and comprehensive data obtained helps to deepen the analysis and research of the subsequent animal poisoning experiment with simulated smog.

[0070] Through the dynamic and uniform simulation of smog infection for a period of time, the characteristics of the behavioral changes of experimental animals during the infection period were recorded. Then the experimental animals were taken out of the smog poisoning component for pulmonary function detection and pathological detection of each lung tissue to study the mechanism of the disease formed by the smog infection of animals.

[0071] The simulated smog detected by the air quality detector 8 is introduced into the air purifier 10 through the exhaust pipe 9 for purification. Through filter screen filtration, activated carbon adsorption, ultraviolet light irradiation catalysis and acid-base liquid elution, various harmful components such as various particles, harmful gases and salt mist ions in the simulated smog are completely removed, and then the purified gas is discharged into the environment to avoid environmental pollution caused by animal experiments.

[0072] Use this device to construct an animal model of inhaling atmospheric smog and conduct simulated smog inhalation experiments for different durations.

[0073] 1. Select 100 Wister rats, with a body weight of (160 - 180) g, 2 months old, half male and half female. Randomly divide them into a control group and a poisoned group, with 20 in the control group and 80 in the poisoned group.

[0074] 2. Put the poisoned group into the poisoning chamber 4 to raise for 7 days, and at the same time put the control group into other sites with the same layout for cultivation.

[0075] 3. After 7 days, prepare the raw materials of the simulated smog to generate the simulated smog. In this experiment, PM2.5 dust raw materials are added to the dust generator, and physiological saline water mist is generated using a salt mist generator. The two are introduced into the aging chamber for aging for two hours, and then introduced into the poisoning chamber to infect the poisoned group with the simulated smog. The concentration of PM2.5 is 150 ± 10 μg / m 3 .

[0076] 4. Infect for 6 hours every day, 5 days a week, for 8 consecutive weeks. Every week, 10 rats are taken out from the contaminated chamber and labeled as the contaminated group 1, contaminated group 2 until contaminated group 8. Observe the mental state, diet, activities and death changes of the animals during daily contamination. Calculate the animal mortality rate and the body weight growth rate at the end of the experiment.

[0077] 5. Control the room temperature at 22°C - 25°C, maintain the animal body temperature at about 37°C, and anesthetize the animals by intraperitoneal injection of 2% sodium barbital (12 mg / kg). Fix the animals, observe and record the respiratory frequency and amplitude of the rats with a biological signal acquisition and analysis system. Then dissect to expose the trachea, detect the animal lung fibrosis index, and then expose the abdomen. Anticoagulate with a little heparin sodium, perform abdominal aortic puncture to draw blood, and analyze the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) by blood gas analysis.

[0078] 6. Use SPSS 11.5 for statistical analysis. The experimental data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (x±s). After analysis of variance homogeneity, one-way analysis of variance with completely random design is used, and P<0.05 is considered statistically significant.

[0079] The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below:

[0080] Table 1 Changes in blood gas and lung tissue fibrosis index of rats inhaling simulated haze dust

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] Compared with the control group, * P < 0.05; compared with the contaminated group 8, # P < 0.05; 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa.

[0084] In the experimental animals infected with simulated haze, as the inhalation time prolongs, the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2) gradually decreases, and the fibrosis index gradually increases, indicating that the lung function of the experimental group animals gradually decreases after dust exposure, which is related to the infection time. And simulated haze infection is an important factor causing lung tissue fibrosis, proving that special attention should be paid to controlling the air PM2.5 content in the haze environment to reduce the probability of lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of haze.

[0085] Example 2

[0086] The difference from the above example is that as shown in the appendix Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown in the figure: The haze poisoning component includes a poisoning chamber 4. A number of cameras 5 in different directions are installed on the outer wall of the poisoning chamber 4, and the cameras 5 are all directed towards the inside of the poisoning chamber 4. An annular groove 23 is formed in the bottom wall of the poisoning chamber 4. A number of turbine fans 25 are provided in the annular groove 23. A number of electric push rods 26 are fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the annular groove 23. The output ends of the electric push rods 26 are respectively hinged to both sides of the corresponding turbine fan 25. A breathable net 24 is laid at the opening of the annular groove 23. A number of feeders 11 and waterers 12 with the same distance are fixedly connected to the top of the poisoning chamber 4. Pressure sensors for detecting the remaining amount and consumption data of food and water are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the feeders 11 and waterers 12. A temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly connected inside the poisoning chamber 4. The cameras 5, turbine fans 25, electric push rods 26, pressure sensors and temperature and humidity sensors are all in signal connection with the controller 6.

[0087] An annular track 21 is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the poisoning chamber 4. A rail vehicle is provided on the annular track 21. A lidar 22 is fixedly connected to the rail vehicle. The lidar 22 is directed towards the center of the poisoning chamber 4. The installation height of the annular track 21 is higher than the upright height of the mice. The lidar 22 is in signal connection with the controller 6, and the lidar 22 is used to detect the aerosol concentration distribution.

[0088] A thermal imager and a short-wave infrared imager are provided in the camera 5. The thermal imager is used to capture the position and displacement images of the experimental animals, and the short-wave infrared imager is used to penetrate the simulated haze to capture the actions and expressions of the experimental animals.

[0089] The specific implementation process is as follows: When conducting the simulated haze poisoning experiment on experimental animals, the simulated animals are put into the poisoning chamber 4, and normal air is introduced for cultivation for a period of time, generally seven days. Then, simulated haze is introduced into the poisoning chamber 4 through the aging tube 13. At this time, the simulated haze spreads from top to bottom and finally diffuses throughout the poisoning chamber 4. The temperature and humidity sensors in the poisoning chamber 4 monitor the temperature and humidity of the simulated haze environment.

[0090] Such as Figure 3As shown, the thermal imaging and short-wave infrared imaging captured by the imager 5 from multiple angles can, through preprocessing and fitting by a convolutional neural network, obtain the position map and action map of each individual sample of the experimental animal. The convolutional neural network analyzes the action map of the experimental animal sample to identify the behavioral state of the animal. For example, when the experimental animal inhales simulated haze and has respiratory discomfort, it may use its front paws to scratch its nose; after inhaling simulated haze, its motor activity may be stimulated and become excited, and it will enter a long-term fatigue state after a short period of intermittent excitement; the feeders 11 and waterers 12 evenly distributed at different positions prompt the experimental animal to continuously move to obtain food and water, and during these processes, the behavioral change trends of the experimental animal will also be revealed through thermal imaging; moreover, the frequency and amount of food and water intake by the experimental animal may also be systematically affected by the simulated haze, and thus be detected by the pressure sensor as auxiliary data for the behavioral change trends of the experimental animal.

[0091] Since the simulated haze contains a large amount of dust particles and salt water particles, during the long-term process of simulated haze infection, partial deposition and uneven diffusion of the simulated haze may occur, causing the concentration of each component in the simulated haze to be affected by uneven distribution, resulting in the experimental animal samples in the exposure chamber 4 being infected by the simulated haze to varying degrees, causing non-uniform results of the experimental sample data and reducing the reliability of the experimental data.

[0092] During the long-term process of simulated haze infection, the convolutional neural network can obtain the differences in the behavioral changes of the experimental animal samples at different positions by analyzing and identifying the thermal imaging and short-wave infrared images of the experimental animals. When the difference reaches the threshold, the controller 6 controls the rail vehicle carrying the lidar 22 on the circular track 21 to change the angular position, thereby detecting the difference in the concentration distribution of the simulated haze on the straight line.

[0093] The lidar 22 calculates the gas extinction coefficient in an inversion form for the difference in the concentration distribution of the simulated haze, and realizes the detection of the optical properties of the simulated haze aerosol. When detecting, the lidar 22 equation is:

[0094]

[0095] In the formula, c is the speed of light, τ is the time of an independent pulse, the laser emission power at time t0 is P0, the optical antenna receiving area is A, the extinction coefficient of the signal at a distance g from the lidar is represented by σ(g), and the backscattering coefficient is represented by β π (g), and the backscattering echo power of the simulated haze at a distance z is represented by P(g).

[0096] By introducing the distance correction logarithmic function: S = ln[P(g)g 2 into the above formula, and integrating by the Klett method, the extinction coefficient at a distance z from the lidar is obtained, as shown in the following formula:

[0097]

[0098] In the formula, the extinction coefficient of the selected reference point g0 is represented by σ0, and the corresponding value obtained by introducing g0 into the distance-corrected logarithmic function is represented by S0.

[0099] The Fernald method is used to analyze the scattered light effect, and the lidar ratio is introduced:

[0100]

[0101] This ratio changes due to the influence of aerosol particles. Assuming n a is a constant, the corresponding lidar ratio is

[0102]

[0103] The aerosol extinction coefficient is calculated therefrom as follows:

[0104]

[0105] For the calculated extinction coefficient, integrating it can obtain the change in the optical thickness of the simulated haze aerosol.

[0106] When the lidar 22 performs inversion calculations to confirm that there are indeed differences in the simulated haze concentration distribution in the contour plane, the controller 6 controls the turbine fan 25 at the corresponding position to start. The electric push rods 26 on both sides of the turbine fan 25 push to adjust the orientation of the turbine fan 25, so as to blow out air flow through the air permeable net 24 from the annular groove to disturb the simulated haze specifically, thereby promoting the simulated haze to recover uniformity, ensuring that the experimental animal samples in the same experiment are infected by the simulated haze equivalently, and improving the reliability of the experimental data.

[0107] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the term "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0108] The above are only embodiments of the present invention. Specific structures and common knowledge such as characteristics that are well-known in the art are not described in detail here. Those of ordinary skill in the art know all the common general technical knowledge in the technical field to which the invention belongs before the application date or the priority date, can learn all the prior art in this field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental means before this date. Those of ordinary skill in the art can, under the inspiration given in this application, combine their own abilities to improve and implement this solution. Some typical well-known structures or well-known methods should not become an obstacle for those of ordinary skill in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can also be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the implementation effect of the present invention and the practicality of the patent. The protection scope required by this application should be based on the content of its claims, and the specific implementation manners and the like recorded in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An experimental animal smog environment simulation device, characterized in that: It includes a haze generation component, which is connected to a haze poisoning component. The haze poisoning component is connected to an air quality detector (8), and the air quality detector (8) is connected to an air purification component. The outer wall of the haze generation component is fixedly connected to a controller (6). The haze generation component, the haze poisoning component, the air quality detector (8), and the air purification component are all signal-connected to the controller (6). Inside the controller (6), there is a trained convolutional neural network for analyzing and statistically processing ethological data based on the image information of experimental animals. The haze generation component is used to generate the harmful components of haze in the ways of ultrasonic fog generation, vibration dust raising, solid fuel combustion, and engine exhaust gas, and mix and age the above components to simulate the real haze generation process. The haze poisoning component is used to expose experimental animals to the simulated generated haze, observe the image information of experimental animals by means of penetrating shooting, and adjust the haze uniformity during the poisoning process. The air quality detector (8) is used to detect the concentration change of harmful components in the simulated haze at different positions of the haze poisoning component. The air purification component is used to process the waste simulated haze and discharge the purified air into the outside.

2. The haze environment simulation device for experimental animals according to claim 1, wherein: The haze poisoning component includes a poisoning chamber (4). On the outer wall of the poisoning chamber (4), several cameras (5) are installed in different directions, and all the cameras (5) face the inside of the poisoning chamber (4). A circular groove (23) is opened on the bottom wall of the poisoning chamber (4). Several turbine fans (25) are arranged in the circular groove (23). On the bottom wall of the circular groove (23), several electric push rods (26) are fixedly connected. The output ends of the electric push rods (26) are respectively hinged to both sides of the corresponding turbine fan (25). A breathable net (24) is laid at the opening of the circular groove (23). At the top of the poisoning chamber (4), several feeders (11) and waterers (12) with the same interval are fixedly connected. Pressure sensors for detecting the remaining amount and consumption data of food and water are fixedly connected to the bottoms of the feeders (11) and waterers (12). A temperature and humidity sensor is fixedly connected inside the poisoning chamber (4). The cameras (5), the turbine fans (25), the electric push rods (26), the pressure sensors, and the temperature and humidity sensor are all signal-connected to the controller (6).

3. The haze environment simulation device for laboratory animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: A circular track (21) is fixedly connected to the inner side wall of the poisoning chamber (4). A rail vehicle is arranged on the circular track (21), and a lidar (22) is fixedly connected to the rail vehicle. The lidar (22) faces the center of the poisoning chamber (4). The installation height of the circular track (21) is higher than the upright height of a mouse. The lidar (22) is signal-connected to the controller (6), and the lidar (22) is used to detect the aerosol concentration distribution.

4. The haze environment simulation device for experimental animals according to claim 2, characterized in that: The camera (5) is equipped with a thermal imager and a short-wave infrared imager. The thermal imager is used to shoot the position and displacement images of experimental animals, and the short-wave infrared imager is used to penetrate the simulated haze to shoot the actions and expressions of experimental animals.

5. The haze environment simulation device for laboratory animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The haze generation component includes a salt mist generator, which includes a salt mist cavity (1). An atomization pool is provided in the salt mist cavity (1). An ultrasonic transducer that converts electrical energy into ultra-high-frequency mechanical vibration is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the atomization pool. A water injection pipe and an overflow pipe (31) are communicated with the side wall of the salt mist cavity (1). A drain pipe is communicated with the bottom wall of the atomization pool. Valves are provided at the orifices of the water injection pipe, the overflow pipe (31) and the drain pipe. An intake fan (30) is communicated with the top wall of the salt mist cavity (1). An atomization pipe is communicated with the top wall of the salt mist cavity (1). An atomization air valve is fixedly connected in the atomization pipe. One end of the atomization pipe away from the salt mist cavity (1) is communicated with an aging chamber (2). An ultraviolet lamp (20) is provided in the aging chamber (2). The aging chamber (2) is communicated with a voltage stabilizer (3). An aging pipe (13) is communicated with the side wall of the aging chamber (2). The aging pipe (13) is communicated with the top wall of the exposure chamber (4). An aging air valve (14) is fixedly connected in the aging pipe (13). The atomization air valve, the aging air valve (14), the intake fan (30) and the ultrasonic transducer are all signal-connected to a controller (6).

6. The haze environment simulation device for laboratory animals according to claim 5, characterized in that: The haze generation component further includes a dust generator, which includes an air compression chamber. A dust chamber (17) is communicated with the top wall of the air compression chamber. A first intake pipe is communicated with the side wall of the air compression chamber. The end of the first intake pipe away from the air compression chamber is communicated with a first air pump (29). A dust pipe is communicated with the top wall of the dust chamber (17). A dust air valve is fixedly connected in the dust pipe. The dust pipe is communicated with the aging chamber (2). The dust air valve and the first air pump (29) are both signal-connected to the controller (6).

7. The haze environment simulation device for laboratory animals according to claim 6, wherein: The haze generation component further includes a combustion generator, which includes a combustion chamber (16). An ignition resistance wire is laid on the bottom wall of the combustion chamber (16). A second intake pipe is communicated with the side wall of the combustion chamber (16). The end of the second intake pipe away from the combustion chamber (16) is communicated with a second air pump (28). A gas pipe is communicated with the top wall of the combustion chamber (16). The gas pipe is communicated with the aging chamber (2). A gas valve (18) is fixedly connected in the gas pipe. A circulating water cooler (19) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the gas pipe. The gas valve (18) and the second air pump (28) are both signal-connected to the controller (6).

8. The haze environment simulation device for experimental animals according to claim 7, characterized in that: The haze generation component further includes a fuel generator, which includes a fuel engine (15). The exhaust port of the fuel engine (15) is communicated with a buffer chamber. The buffer chamber is communicated with an exhaust pipe. The exhaust pipe is communicated with the aging chamber (2). An exhaust gas valve (27) with a flow meter is fixedly connected in the exhaust pipe. The exhaust gas valve (27) and the fuel engine (15) are both signal-connected to the controller (6).

9. The haze environment simulation device for laboratory animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: An air quality detector (8) is communicated with a plurality of detection pipes (7) at different heights. The detection pipes (7) are all communicated with the side wall of the exposure chamber (4). The other side of the air quality detector (8) is communicated with an exhaust pipe (9).

10. The haze environment simulation device for laboratory animals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air purification component includes an air purifier (10). The air purifier (10) is communicated with the exhaust pipe (9). The air purifier (10) purifies the waste gas generated by the simulated haze experiment by using methods such as filtration adsorption, photocatalytic oxidation and elution, and discharges it to the outside.

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