Intelligent control method for stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloy

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of intelligent control methods of titanium alloy VAR smelting stirring intensity, it is related to metal material smelting technical field, comprising the following steps: S1, the stirring force distribution in VAR smelting process is calculated;S2, according to force distribution, the flow velocity field and temperature field of molten pool are calculated;S3, according to flow velocity field and temperature field, vortex field distribution model is constructed;S4, according to vortex field, molten pool electromagnetic stirring force field is optimized;S5, based on the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field, arc scanning mode is adjusted;S6, based on dynamic flow feedback, arc scanning real-time regulation and control is carried out;By setting the electromagnetic stirring control model based on vortex field optimization, the precise regulation and control of molten pool flow is realized, the stirring uniformity is improved, and the smelting quality is optimized.The method uses non-steady-state electromagnetic stirring force calculation, combines vortex induction effect dynamic adjustment stirring intensity, so that molten pool flow velocity distribution is more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal smelting technology, specifically to an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys. Background Technology

[0002] In the VAR (Vacuum-Arc) melting process of titanium alloys, the electric arc heating melts the electrodes layer by layer, forming a molten pool. The flow state of the molten pool determines the compositional uniformity, microstructure stability, and internal defects of the final ingot, and electromagnetic stirring is a key factor affecting the flow of the molten pool. Existing electromagnetic stirring control methods for VAR melting are mainly based on steady-state electromagnetic field calculations and employ a stirring strategy with fixed parameters. However, traditional methods have the following shortcomings:

[0003] 1. In existing technologies, most electromagnetic stirring calculation methods are based on steady-state electromagnetic field models and do not fully consider the transient effects of eddy current fields. During VAR melting, electromagnetic induction generates eddy currents inside the molten pool, which in turn affects the velocity distribution of the molten pool. Traditional methods fail to effectively utilize the eddy current field to optimize the stirring force, resulting in localized uneven flow and increasing the risk of alloy composition segregation.

[0004] 2. In the existing technology, the existing VAR melting electromagnetic stirring strategy usually uses fixed parameters to adjust the electromagnetic force. However, the flow velocity field and temperature field of the molten pool will undergo complex dynamic changes during the melting process. Traditional methods cannot optimize and adjust the electromagnetic force according to the actual state of the molten pool, resulting in local flow enhancement or weakening, making it difficult to ensure the uniformity of stirring and affecting the overall quality of the ingot. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting in titanium alloys, comprising the following steps:

[0008] S1. Calculate the distribution of stirring force during the VAR melting process;

[0009] S2. Calculate the velocity field and temperature field of the molten pool based on the force distribution;

[0010] S3. Construct a vortex field distribution model based on the velocity field and temperature field;

[0011] S4. Optimize the electromagnetic stirring force field of the molten pool based on the eddy current field;

[0012] S5. Adjust the arc scanning mode based on the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field;

[0013] S6. Real-time control of arc scanning based on dynamic flow feedback.

[0014] To further optimize this technical solution, in the VAR melting process of step S1, the stirring force in the molten pool is the core physical quantity affecting the final ingot quality. The stirring force on the molten pool includes: electromagnetic force, thermal convection force and electric arc pressure.

[0015] To further optimize this technical solution, step S2 describes its flow characteristics using the unsteady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, the formula model of which is:

[0016] ;

[0017] in, The density of the molten pool metal;

[0018] The physical time during the molten pool melting process;

[0019] For the molten pool velocity field;

[0020] The internal pressure of the molten pool;

[0021] Dynamic viscosity;

[0022] It is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0023] This is the volume average force density.

[0024] To further optimize this technical solution, in step S3, based on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) theory and considering the influence of temperature gradient on induced current and magnetic field, an eddy current field calculation model is constructed, based on the material's conductivity. and permeability To address the spatial non-uniformity, a temperature gradient correction term is introduced in the eddy current field calculation.

[0025] The effect of conductivity gradient:

[0026] ;

[0027] in, The temperature of the molten pool;

[0028] Reference temperature The conductivity at that point;

[0029] is the temperature variation coefficient of electrical conductivity;

[0030] Correction for induced current density:

[0031] ;

[0032] in, This refers to the electric field inside the molten pool;

[0033] This refers to the magnetic field inside the molten pool;

[0034] It refers to the change in the electrical conductivity of a material with temperature;

[0035] This is the corrected induced current density;

[0036] First item It is the standard formula for calculating induced current;

[0037] Second item This indicates the effect of the temperature gradient on the induced current.

[0038] To further optimize this technical solution, a magnetic induction equation is introduced in step S3. In the standard magnetic induction equation, the distribution of eddy currents is determined by the curl of the current density:

[0039] ;

[0040] in, For induced current density, This represents the change in magnetic permeability with temperature.

[0041] Based on the local conductivity change caused by the temperature gradient, a correction term is introduced into this equation:

[0042] ;

[0043] Among them, additional correction items The effect of temperature gradient changes on the local induced magnetic field makes the eddy currents exhibit more complex distribution patterns in regions with large temperature gradients.

[0044] To further optimize this technical solution, in step S3, based on the influence of conductivity gradient, correction of induced current density, and magnetic induction equation, this step has the following calculation process:

[0045] Input the temperature field calculated in step S2 into the formula. and flow velocity field Calculate the temperature gradient And correct the conductivity distribution ;

[0046] Introducing a gradient term for conductivity with respect to temperature Calculate the corrected induced current density ;

[0047] Solving the eddy current field using the modified magnetic induction equation ;

[0048] The eddy current field distribution is output and used in step S4 to optimize the electromagnetic stirring scheme.

[0049] To further optimize this technical solution, step S4 involves solving for the electromagnetic force field and optimizing the electromagnetic stirring scheme. This includes calculating the electromagnetic force field, where the core force of the electromagnetic stirring originates from the Lorentz force.

[0050] .

[0051] To further optimize this technical solution, in step S4, the electromagnetic stirring distribution is optimized by incorporating a temperature gradient:

[0052] The flow inside the molten pool is driven by electromagnetic force and can be expressed by the momentum equation:

[0053] ;

[0054] To make the electromagnetic stirring force field To achieve a more uniform distribution across different regions, a flow field correction coefficient is introduced. Adjustments will be made:

[0055] ;

[0056] Where the correction coefficient Determined by flow velocity deviation:

[0057] ;

[0058] in, To adjust the coefficient and control the correction strength;

[0059] The velocity gradient represents the local flow field and is used to adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic force.

[0060] Normalization term The correction factor can be varied between 0 and 1.

[0061] To further optimize this technical solution, step S4 includes the following calculation process:

[0062] Enter the eddy field calculated in step S3 into the formula. and the corrected induced current density Calculate the electromagnetic force field ;

[0063] Analysis of electromagnetic force field For the molten pool velocity field The impact, calculate the correction factor ;

[0064] Calculate the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field And in step S5, it is used to adjust the arc scanning mode.

[0065] To further optimize this technical solution, the adjustment of the arc scanning mode in step S5 needs to meet the stability requirements of the molten pool flow, and a corrected equation based on the balance of electromagnetic force and surface tension is adopted:

[0066] ;

[0067] in, Thermal conductivity;

[0068] It is the surface tension coefficient;

[0069] This represents the surface disturbance of the molten pool.

[0070] In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer device, including a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0071] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, wherein: when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys as described in the first aspect of the present invention are implemented.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0073] This intelligent control method for stirring intensity in VAR melting of titanium alloys utilizes an electromagnetic stirring control model based on eddy current field optimization. Machine learning and deep learning technologies are employed to precisely regulate the flow in the molten pool, improving stirring uniformity and optimizing melting quality. The method employs unsteady electromagnetic stirring force calculation, combined with eddy current induction effect to dynamically adjust the stirring intensity, resulting in a more uniform flow velocity distribution in the molten pool. This effectively reduces localized excessively strong or weak flow phenomena, minimizes alloy composition segregation, and improves the uniformity of the ingot microstructure. Simultaneously, by constructing a multi-field coupled model of electromagnetic force field, temperature field, and flow velocity field, the internal state of the molten pool is calculated in real time. The electromagnetic stirring force distribution is optimized based on the molten pool temperature gradient and flow characteristics, achieving adaptive control. Compared to the fixed-parameter stirring method used in traditional VAR melting, this method effectively improves the stability of the melting process, reduces ingot defects caused by uneven flow, and enhances the overall quality and microstructural stability of titanium alloy ingots, thereby optimizing the VAR melting process and improving the performance of the alloy material. Attached Figure Description

[0074] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0075] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys proposed in this invention.

[0076] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the eddy current field model construction process for an intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys proposed in this invention.

[0077] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic field solution process for an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys proposed in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0078] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0079] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0080] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0081] Example 1:

[0082] Reference Figures 1-3 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys, including the following steps:

[0083] S1. Calculate the distribution of stirring force during the VAR melting process;

[0084] In the VAR melting process in step S1, the stirring force in the molten pool is the core physical quantity affecting the final ingot quality. The stirring force on the molten pool includes: electromagnetic force, thermal convection force and electric arc pressure.

[0085] The general expression for the stirring force of the molten pool is:

[0086] ;

[0087] in, The induced current density within the molten pool;

[0088] The magnetic induction intensity inside the molten pool;

[0089] The density of the molten pool metal;

[0090] It is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0091] The coefficient of thermal expansion;

[0092] The temperature of the molten pool. For reference temperature;

[0093] For arc pressure distribution;

[0094] This is the molten pool region;

[0095] Represents a unit vector in the vertical direction;

[0096] In the formula, the electromagnetic stirring force term Indicates induced current density With magnetic induction intensity The Lorentz force formed by the cross product is the direct source of the electromagnetic stirring effect excited by the electric arc input current during the VAR melting process;

[0097] Thermal buoyancy term This represents the natural convection driving term formed by density differences caused by uneven temperature, used to describe the contribution of thermal buoyancy caused by temperature gradients inside the molten pool to the stirred flow.

[0098] Arc pressure gradient term It indicates the uneven pressure generated by the electric arc on the surface of the molten pool, which affects the surface flow characteristics. It supplements the quantitative description of the disturbance of the upper liquid in the molten pool by the electric arc heat source during the formation of gas expansion, plasma blowing and other effects, and reflects its driving role in surface disturbance and radial flow.

[0099] S2. Calculate the velocity field and temperature field of the molten pool based on the force distribution;

[0100] The velocity field and temperature field are not only directly related to the scientific nature and precision of smelting quality control, but also provide physical basis for key process links such as stirring intensity control, arc trajectory design, and defect prediction.

[0101] Expression-based optimization during melt pool morphology Establish calculation models for the velocity and temperature fields of the molten pool;

[0102] Step S2 describes its flow characteristics using the unsteady, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, and its formula model is as follows:

[0103] ;

[0104] In the formula, The volume average force density is: , It is the molten pool region Volume;

[0105] The inertial force term describes the annular backflow phenomenon formed by high-speed disturbance in the center or edge region of the molten pool. It is a direct manifestation of fluid self-organized disturbance. The first term represents the inertial response caused by the change of velocity with time under unsteady state; the second term represents the local acceleration in the velocity field, that is, the momentum transfer generated when the fluid moves with the flow velocity field.

[0106] The density of the molten pool metal;

[0107] The physical time during the molten pool melting process;

[0108] For the molten pool velocity field;

[0109] The internal pressure of the molten pool;

[0110] This indicates viscous shear, also known as wall friction. Its physical meaning is that the relative motion between fluids generates a velocity gradient under the action of viscosity, which reflects the internal shear stress.

[0111] Dynamic viscosity;

[0112] This is the term related to gravity and buoyancy.

[0113] It is the acceleration due to gravity;

[0114] This equation is used to solve for the flow velocity inside the molten pool. It reflects the motion state of the liquid metal inside the molten pool and provides convection terms for temperature field calculation;

[0115] The temperature distribution of the molten pool is affected by heat conduction, convection heat transfer, and the Joule heating effect. The temperature field is represented by the energy conservation equation:

[0116] ;

[0117] in, Specific heat capacity;

[0118] Thermal conductivity;

[0119] Joule fever: ,in Temperature-dependent conductivity The induced current density;

[0120] The total external force calculated using step S1 Solving the Navier-Stokes equations yields the velocity field of the molten pool. ;

[0121] The solution obtained Substituting into the temperature field equation Combined with Joule heating Calculate the temperature field ,in Specifically, it refers to any point in the molten pool space. At any moment The instantaneous temperature value;

[0122] The output flow velocity field and temperature field calculation results are used for the eddy current field calculation in step S3, making the electromagnetic stirring process more accurate.

[0123] The two governing equations together constitute the core thermal flow field modeling module in the titanium alloy VAR process, providing physical calculation support for the subsequent establishment of the eddy current field distribution model.

[0124] S3. Construct a vortex field distribution model based on the velocity field and temperature field;

[0125] Based on magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) theory, and combined with the influence of temperature gradient on induced current and magnetic field, a calculation model for eddy current field is constructed.

[0126] Based on the electrical conductivity of the material and permeability To address the spatial non-uniformity, a temperature gradient correction term is introduced in the eddy current field calculation.

[0127] The effect of conductivity gradient:

[0128] ;

[0129] in, The temperature of the molten pool;

[0130] Reference temperature The conductivity at that point;

[0131] is the temperature variation coefficient of electrical conductivity;

[0132] Based on the effect of temperature on the induced current density, the induced current density is corrected:

[0133] ;

[0134] in, This refers to the electric field inside the molten pool;

[0135] This refers to the magnetic field inside the molten pool;

[0136] It refers to the change in the electrical conductivity of a material with temperature;

[0137] This is the corrected induced current density;

[0138] First item It is the standard formula for calculating induced current;

[0139] Second item This indicates the effect of the temperature gradient on the induced current, causing the current distribution to exhibit different spatial gradient changes in the high-temperature region and the low-temperature region.

[0140] In the standard equation of magnetic induction, the distribution of eddy currents is determined by the curl of the current density:

[0141] ;

[0142] in, For induced current density, This represents the change in magnetic permeability with temperature.

[0143] Based on the local conductivity change caused by the temperature gradient, a correction term is introduced into this equation:

[0144] ;

[0145] Among them, additional correction items The effect of temperature gradient changes on the local induced magnetic field is reflected, which makes the eddy currents exhibit more complex distribution patterns in regions with large temperature gradients.

[0146] The calculation process is as follows:

[0147] Input the temperature field and velocity field calculated in step S2 into the formula to calculate the temperature gradient. And correct the conductivity distribution ;

[0148] Introducing a gradient term for conductivity with respect to temperature Calculate the corrected induced current density ;

[0149] Solving the eddy current field using the modified magnetic induction equation ;

[0150] The eddy current field distribution is output and used to optimize the electromagnetic stirring scheme in step S4;

[0151] This step introduces the dynamic control effect of the molten pool temperature gradient on conductivity and magnetic induction intensity, establishing an eddy current field correction model with spatially variable coefficients. Unlike existing mature technologies that use fixed physical property parameters to calculate induced current and magnetic field, this method uses a temperature gradient correction term... and eddy current correction term This method achieves nonlinear dynamic adaptive adjustment of the spatial distribution of the eddy current field. This approach can significantly improve the matching degree between the induced magnetic field and the actual temperature field, effectively supporting subsequent intelligent arc path optimization and stirring intensity control, and filling the gap in the local stirring failure problem caused by the decoupling of the electromagnetic model and the thermal field in traditional methods.

[0152] S4. Optimize the electromagnetic stirring force field of the molten pool based on the eddy current field;

[0153] This step involves solving for the electromagnetic stirring force field and optimizing the electromagnetic stirring scheme, including:

[0154] Calculate electromagnetic force field

[0155] The core force driving electromagnetic stirring comes from the Lorentz force:

[0156] ;

[0157] In step S4, the Lorentz force The calculation is substituted into the corrected induced current density calculated through the eddy current field. Electromagnetic stirring force is the dominant external force source for fluid movement inside the molten pool during the VAR process of titanium alloys. This is determined by calculating the corrected induced current density. With magnetic induction intensity The cross product of the two forces generates the Lorentz force, which can effectively drive the flow of molten metal in the pool, break the local stagnant zone caused by density differences and temperature gradients, and prevent the occurrence of quality defects such as impurity segregation, shrinkage cavities, and coarse grains.

[0158] Optimize electromagnetic stirring distribution by incorporating temperature gradient

[0159] The flow inside the molten pool is driven by electromagnetic force and can be expressed by the momentum equation:

[0160] ;

[0161] This equation is used to calculate and iteratively reconstruct the instantaneous velocity field within the molten pool. The fundamental governing equations, by Substituting into the right side of the equation, the velocity vector field can be obtained through numerical iteration. This field is used to evaluate the local intensity and turbulence characteristics of the stirring distribution. The velocity field obtained through iteration... Feedback is used in step S5;

[0162] To make the electromagnetic stirring force field To achieve a more uniform distribution across different regions, a flow field correction coefficient is introduced. Adjustments will be made:

[0163] ;

[0164] Where the correction coefficient Determined by flow velocity deviation:

[0165] ;

[0166] in, To adjust the coefficient and control the correction strength;

[0167] The velocity gradient represents the local flow field and is used to adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic force.

[0168] Normalization term The correction factor is varied between 0 and 1;

[0169] The non-uniformity forms the basis of the electromagnetic stirring force distribution, which is then adjusted by subsequently introduced factors. , can be Regional corrections are made to control the local stirring intensity as needed, improve the uniformity and directionality of stirring, and finally adjust the arc scanning path in step S5 to coordinate stirring with heat input.

[0170] The calculation process is as follows:

[0171] Enter the eddy field calculated in step S3 into the formula. and the corrected induced current density ,calculate ;

[0172] analyze For the molten pool velocity field The impact, calculate the correction factor ;

[0173] Calculate the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field And in step S5, it is used to adjust the arc scanning mode;

[0174] In this step, Coupled in real time with the temperature field and the flow velocity field, the temperature field will affect the conductivity. and magnetic induction intensity Change, and thus influence and The velocity field is affected by The effect of this is to form an unsteady dynamic regulation, thereby constructing a closed-loop feedback system of "temperature field → electromagnetic field → stirring force → flow field → temperature field", which cannot be achieved by the traditional technology of decoupling electromagnetic field and fluid field.

[0175] This step involves constructing a nonlinear coupled model to calculate the electromagnetic stirring force in conjunction with the molten pool velocity field and temperature field, thus forming an adaptive electromagnetic force optimization strategy. Compared to traditional fixed parameter adjustment methods, this method can dynamically correct the electromagnetic effect, improve stirring efficiency, reduce flow field inhomogeneity, thereby optimizing the molten pool morphology and reducing alloy composition segregation.

[0176] S5. Adjust the arc scanning mode based on the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field;

[0177] The adjustment of the arc scanning mode must meet the stability requirements of the molten pool flow, and a modified equation based on the balance of electromagnetic force and surface tension is adopted:

[0178] ;

[0179] in, Thermal conductivity;

[0180] It is the surface tension coefficient;

[0181] For the surface disturbance of the molten pool;

[0182] This equation reflects the coupled balance between heat conduction driven by the internal temperature gradient of the molten pool (first term), the effect of electromagnetic stirring force in the liquid metal (second term), and the capillary restoring force induced by surface disturbance (third term). It is used to evaluate whether the arc scanning mode satisfies the molten pool surface stability condition; that is, when the residual of this equation is minimized, the molten pool surface disturbance is minimized, and the surface morphology is most stable.

[0183] The residuals of the coupled equations for molten pool stability are:

[0184] ;

[0185] :point The residuals of the equilibrium equations;

[0186] The residual functional of the modified equation is:

[0187] ;

[0188] When the residual is minimized, the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field It should meet the following requirements:

[0189] .

[0190] Based on this equation, the arc scanning speed is adjusted. and path :

[0191] ;

[0192] in The adjustment coefficient is used to adapt the arc scanning path to the flow characteristics of the molten pool;

[0193] This formula is a dynamic update model for the arc scanning path. Its function is to generate real-time scanning path corrections in the non-equilibrium region, adjusting the arc path in real time. This allows the stirring intensity to gradually approach the optimal equilibrium region.

[0194] S6. Real-time control of arc scanning based on dynamic flow feedback;

[0195] A real-time control method based on dynamic flow feedback is introduced to continuously adjust the arc scanning path to compensate for the melting instability caused by flow imbalance.

[0196] Establish a dynamic flow feedback model

[0197] ;

[0198] in, This reflects the current overall stability deviation of the molten pool;

[0199] The calculation region for the molten pool;

[0200] when This indicates that the interaction between the temperature gradient, flow field, and electromagnetic force inside the molten pool has not reached equilibrium, and the arc scanning path needs to be adjusted in real time.

[0201] Calculate the arc scan correction amount

[0202] To compensate The resulting deviation is defined as the arc scan correction amount. :

[0203] ;

[0204] in, This is the feedback control coefficient, used to adjust the correction intensity;

[0205] For historical moments, the integral variable is... ;

[0206] At a historical moment The measured deviation of molten pool stability;

[0207] This formula uses integral accumulation of feedback error to gradually correct the arc path, thereby achieving stability control of the molten pool.

[0208] Calculate the final arc scan path

[0209] ;

[0210] in, This refers to the optimized arc scanning path from step S5.

[0211] This is a dynamic feedback correction amount;

[0212] The models used in real-time control methods include:

[0213] Enter the arc scanning path from step S5 into the formula. ;

[0214] Calculate the stability deviation of the molten pool To determine if there is an imbalance in the smelting process;

[0215] Calculate the correction amount and superimposed on the original path. The final arc scanning path is formed above. ;

[0216] Continuous calculation during the smelting process Dynamic adjustment To ensure the stability of the molten pool shape;

[0217] Existing VAR arc scanning methods mostly rely on preset paths, failing to respond in real-time to changes in the molten pool flow, leading to localized overheating or uneven flow. This paper proposes a real-time arc scanning control method based on molten pool flow feedback, which calculates the molten pool stability deviation. It also performs dynamic corrections to adapt the arc path to changes in the molten pool state. Compared to a fixed scanning path, this method can adjust the arc movement according to the molten pool flow, improving melting stability, reducing local defects, and enhancing the microstructure uniformity of titanium alloys.

[0218] Example 2:

[0219] This embodiment also provides a computer device applicable to an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys, including a memory and a processor; the memory is used to store computer-executable instructions, and the processor is used to execute the computer-executable instructions to realize the intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0220] This embodiment also provides a storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements an intelligent control method for the stirring intensity of VAR melting of titanium alloys as proposed in the above embodiment.

[0221] The computer device can be a terminal, comprising a processor, memory, communication interface, display screen, and input devices connected via a system bus. The processor provides computing and control capabilities. The memory includes non-volatile storage media and internal memory. The non-volatile storage media stores the operating system and computer programs. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and computer programs stored in the non-volatile storage media. The communication interface is used for wired or wireless communication with external terminals; wireless communication can be achieved through Wi-Fi, carrier networks, NFC (Near Field Communication), or other technologies. The display screen can be an LCD screen or an e-ink screen. The input devices can be a touch layer covering the display screen, buttons, a trackball, or a touchpad on the computer device's casing, or an external keyboard, touchpad, or mouse.

[0222] If a function is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of this invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or a part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to cause a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of this invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media capable of storing program code, such as USB flash drives, portable hard drives, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disks, or optical disks.

[0223] The logic and / or steps represented in the flowchart or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (such as a computer-based system, a processor-including system, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For the purposes of this specification, "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transmit programs for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

[0224] More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include: electrical connections (electronic devices) having one or more wires, portable computer disk drives (magnetic devices), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and editable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable optical disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, computer-readable media can even be paper or other suitable media on which programs can be printed, because programs can be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other media, followed by editing, interpreting, or otherwise processing as necessary, and then stored in computer memory.

[0225] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented in software or firmware stored in memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented in hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented using any one or a combination of the following techniques known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logical functions on data signals, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs) having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays (PGAs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), etc.

[0226] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for intelligent control of VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Calculate the distribution of stirring force during the VAR melting process; S2. Calculate the velocity field and temperature field of the molten pool based on the force distribution; S3. Construct a vortex field distribution model based on the velocity field and temperature field; Input the temperature field and velocity field calculated in step S2 into the formula to calculate the temperature gradient. And correct the conductivity ; Introducing a gradient term of conductivity with respect to temperature Calculate the corrected induced current density ; Solving the eddy current field using the modified magnetic induction equation ; The eddy current field distribution is output and used to optimize the electromagnetic stirring scheme in step S4; S4. Optimize the electromagnetic stirring force field of the molten pool based on the eddy current field; S5. Adjust the arc scanning mode based on the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field; S6. Real-time control of arc scanning based on dynamic flow feedback.

2. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the VAR melting process in step S1, the stirring force in the molten pool is the core physical quantity affecting the final ingot quality. The stirring force on the molten pool includes electromagnetic force, thermal convection force, and electric arc pressure.

3. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 2, characterized in that, Step S2 describes its flow characteristics using the unsteady, incompressible Navier-Stokes equations, and its formula model is as follows: ； in, The density of the molten pool metal; The physical time during the molten pool melting process; For the molten pool velocity field; The internal pressure of the molten pool; Dynamic viscosity; It is the acceleration due to gravity; This is the volume average force density.

4. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3, based on magnetohydrodynamics theory and considering the influence of temperature gradient on induced current and magnetic field, an eddy current field calculation model is constructed, and the material's conductivity is used as a reference. and permeability To address the spatial non-uniformity, a temperature gradient correction term is introduced in the eddy current field calculation. The conductivity gradient with respect to temperature: ； in, The temperature of the molten pool; Reference temperature The conductivity at that point; is the temperature variation coefficient of electrical conductivity; Based on the effect of temperature on the induced current density, the induced current density is corrected: ； in, This refers to the electric field inside the molten pool; This refers to the magnetic field inside the molten pool; This refers to the electrical conductivity of the material; This is the corrected induced current density; First item It is the standard formula for calculating induced current; Second item This indicates the effect of the temperature gradient on the induced current.

5. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S3, the magnetic induction equation is introduced. In the standard magnetic induction equation, the distribution of eddy currents is determined by the curl of the current density: ； in, For induced current density, Permeability; Based on the local conductivity change caused by the temperature gradient, a correction term is introduced into this equation: ； Among them, additional correction items This reflects the effect of changes in the temperature gradient on the local induced magnetic field.

6. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S4 involves solving for the electromagnetic force field and optimizing the electromagnetic stirring scheme, including the calculation of the electromagnetic force field. The core force of the electromagnetic stirring originates from the Lorentz force. 。 7. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step S4, the electromagnetic stirring distribution is optimized by incorporating a temperature gradient. The flow inside the molten pool is driven by electromagnetic force, which can be expressed by the momentum equation as follows: ； To make the electromagnetic stirring force field To achieve a more uniform distribution across different regions, a flow field correction coefficient is introduced. Adjustments will be made: ； in Correction coefficient Determined by flow velocity deviation: ； in, To adjust the coefficient and control the correction strength; The velocity gradient represents the local flow field and is used to adjust the magnitude of the electromagnetic force. Normalization term The correction factor can be varied between 0 and 1.

8. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 7, characterized in that, Step S4 involves the following calculation process: Enter the eddy field calculated in step S3 into the formula. and the corrected induced current density Calculate the electromagnetic force field ; Analysis of electromagnetic force field For the molten pool velocity field The impact of the calculation of correction factors ; Calculate the optimized electromagnetic stirring force field And in step S5, it is used to adjust the arc scanning mode.

9. The intelligent control method for VAR melting and stirring intensity of titanium alloys according to claim 8, characterized in that, The adjustment of the arc scanning mode in step S5 needs to meet the stability requirements of the molten pool flow, and a modified equation based on the balance of electromagnetic force and surface tension is adopted: ； in, Thermal conductivity; It is the surface tension coefficient; This represents the surface disturbance of the molten pool.

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