Foundation pit engineering safety monitoring system and method based on unmanned aerial vehicle image

Abstract

The invention discloses a foundation pit engineering safety monitoring system and method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle image, relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicle images, and solves the problems that the structural characteristics of each foundation pit area of an existing foundation pit engineering safety monitoring system are different, unified safety monitoring is carried out on a building area, specific monitoring requirements of each foundation pit area are difficult to meet, and the construction cost is low. The early warning accuracy is reduced; and finally, the overall efficiency of foundation pit engineering safety monitoring is low. Comprising a data acquisition module for acquiring foundation pit monitoring data of each foundation pit area through corresponding acquisition equipment; the data analysis module is used for extracting regional structure data in the foundation pit monitoring data; generating a foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the area structure data; the safety monitoring module is used for generating a safety monitoring scheme according to the foundation pit danger index; and targeted safety monitoring is carried out on each foundation pit area through the unmanned aerial vehicle, and finally the overall efficiency of foundation pit engineering safety monitoring is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of UAV images, relates to UAV technology, and specifically is a safety monitoring system and method for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images. Background Art

[0002] The safety monitoring of foundation pit engineering can control the deformation, stress state and environmental changes of the foundation pit, timely predict potential risks through data feedback, and provide a scientific basis for engineering decision-making.

[0003] The prior art (CN116227932B) discloses a health trend analysis and early warning system for foundation pit engineering, which relates to the technical field of foundation pit engineering. To solve the problem of low early warning accuracy of the existing system, a foundation pit BIM model is established, predictions are made after obtaining monitoring data, and the early warning points in the prediction data are matched with the foundation pit database by using a data matching module to obtain a first set of similar data, and then the site information of the early warning points is matched with the foundation pit database to obtain a second set of similar data; the prediction data is corrected by overlapping through an early warning processing module to obtain prediction data closer to the early warning parameters; the corrected prediction data and the monitoring data are imported into the BIM model, and the picture is sent to the display terminal; when the monitoring data of a certain monitoring point reaches the early warning parameters, a light reminder will be issued on the BIM model in the area of this monitoring point, improving the early warning accuracy of the existing system.

[0004] The above-mentioned health trend analysis and early warning system for foundation pit engineering realizes unified safety monitoring of the building area by establishing a foundation pit BIM model and obtaining monitoring data through the building area, improving the early warning accuracy of the existing system; in actual engineering applications, the building area consists of multiple foundation pit areas, and the structural characteristics of each foundation pit area are different. It is difficult to achieve the specific monitoring requirements of each foundation pit area by conducting unified safety monitoring of the building area; this leads to errors in the safety monitoring of each foundation pit area, thereby reducing the accuracy of early warning and ultimately resulting in low overall efficiency of the safety monitoring of foundation pit engineering.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a safety monitoring system and method for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art; for this purpose, this application proposes a foundation pit engineering safety monitoring system and method based on UAV images, which is used to solve the technical problem that in the existing foundation pit engineering safety monitoring system, the structural characteristics of each foundation pit area are different, and it is difficult to achieve specific monitoring requirements for each foundation pit area when conducting unified safety monitoring of the building area, thereby reducing the accuracy of early warning and ultimately resulting in low overall efficiency of foundation pit engineering safety monitoring. This application solves the above problems by obtaining foundation pit monitoring data for the foundation pit area; extracting regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data; generating a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data; and generating a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit risk index.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the first aspect of this application provides a foundation pit engineering safety monitoring system and method based on UAV images, including: a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a safety monitoring module, and a database.

[0008] Data acquisition module: Obtain foundation pit monitoring data for each foundation pit area through corresponding acquisition devices;

[0009] Data analysis module: Extract regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data; generate a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data;

[0010] Safety monitoring module: Generate a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit risk index.

[0011] Preferably, generating a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data includes:

[0012] Extract the structural deformation data and surface environment impact data in the regional structure data;

[0013] Extract the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress in the structural deformation data, and generate a deformation influence coefficient according to the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress;

[0014] Extract the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution in the surface environment impact data, and generate a surface impact coefficient according to the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution;

[0015] Generate a foundation pit risk index according to the deformation influence coefficient and the surface impact coefficient.

[0016] Preferably, generating a deformation influence coefficient according to the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress includes:

[0017] Extract that the pile body elastic modulus in the structural deformation data is the elastic modulus of each retaining pile itself; the column spacing is the horizontal spacing length between adjacent retaining piles; and the anchor cable prestress is the outward pulling force of the anchor cable on the retaining pile.

[0018] The deformation influence coefficient is calculated by a formula, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, XB represents the deformation influence coefficient, and Wq m represents the prestress of the anchor cables of each retaining pile in the foundation pit area, and WQ represents the maximum value of the prestress of the anchor cables corresponding to the retaining piles; WF represents the elastic modulus of the pile body corresponding to the retaining pile, and wf represents the unit value of the elastic modulus; Wj m represents the horizontal spacing length between the m-th retaining pile and the (m + 1)-th retaining pile in the foundation pit area, and WJ represents the optimal value of the horizontal spacing length between the retaining piles in the foundation pit area. γ1, γ2, and γ3 represent proportionality coefficients, and γ1 > γ2 > γ3; the specific values are set according to experience; m = 1, 2,..., M; m represents the number of the retaining piles corresponding to the foundation pit area, and M represents the total number of the retaining piles corresponding to the foundation pit area.

[0021] Preferably, the surface influence coefficient is generated according to the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution, including:

[0022] The groundwater level extracted from the surface environmental impact data is the groundwater level value corresponding to the foundation pit area; the excavation depth is the excavation depth value of the foundation pit corresponding to the foundation pit area; the soil density distribution is to divide the foundation pit area into each soil distribution area according to the soil density size;

[0023] The surface influence coefficient is calculated by a formula, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] Among them, DB represents the surface influence coefficient, DI represents the optimal value of the groundwater level corresponding to the foundation pit area, and Ds represents the groundwater level value corresponding to the foundation pit area; Kd max represents the allowable excavation depth, and Kd j represents the excavation depth corresponding to each soil distribution area in the foundation pit area; Z j represents the soil density corresponding to each soil distribution area; DJ represents the unit difference of the soil density corresponding to each soil distribution area; j represents the corresponding number of the soil distribution area, j = 1, 2,..., J, and J represents the total number of the soil distribution areas, and λ j represents the weight coefficient of each soil density in the foundation pit area, and the specific value is set according to experience.

[0026] Preferably, the foundation pit danger index is generated according to the deformation influence coefficient and the surface influence coefficient, including:

[0027] The foundation pit danger index is calculated by a formula, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0028] P = a1×XB + a2×DB,

[0029] Wherein, P represents the foundation pit danger index, and a1 and a2 represent proportionality coefficients, and the specific values are set according to experience.

[0030] This application generates the deformation influence coefficient and the surface influence coefficient corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data extracted from the foundation pit monitoring data; generates the foundation pit danger index according to the deformation influence coefficient and the surface influence coefficient; improves the accuracy for the subsequent system to generate the corresponding safety monitoring plan.

[0031] Preferably, generating a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit danger index includes:

[0032] Obtain the foundation pit danger index corresponding to each foundation pit area; generate the drone monitoring height, the shooting angle of the drone, and the monitoring frequency of the drone according to a number of foundation pit danger indexes; integrate the drone monitoring height, the shooting angle of the drone, and the monitoring frequency of the drone to obtain the corresponding safety monitoring plan.

[0033] Preferably, generating the drone monitoring height, the shooting angle of the drone, and the monitoring frequency of the drone according to a number of foundation pit danger indexes includes:

[0034] Performing normalization processing on a number of foundation pit danger indexes to obtain P1 ∈ [0, 1], where 0 is safe and 1 is extremely dangerous. In this embodiment, the specific normalization processing calculation formula is The specific normalization formula is different and is set according to specific experience; pj is the average value of the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area.

[0035] Obtain the drone monitoring height through the formula, and the specific formula:

[0036] H = H min +(H max -H min )×(1 - P1),

[0037] Wherein, H represents the drone monitoring height; H max represents the maximum monitoring height of the drone; H min represents the minimum effective monitoring height of the drone.

[0038] Obtain the shooting angle of the drone through the formula, and the specific formula:

[0039] J = J base +J max ×P1,

[0040] Wherein, J represents the shooting angle of the drone; J maxIndicates the maximum monitoring angle of the UAV; J base Indicates the basic monitoring angle of the UAV;

[0041] The monitoring frequency of the UAV is obtained through a formula. The specific formula is:

[0042] F = F base ×(1 + 3×(P1) 2 )

[0043] where F represents the monitoring frequency of the UAV; F base represents the basic monitoring frequency of the UAV.

[0044] Preferably, the UAV monitoring height, the shooting angle of the UAV, and the monitoring frequency of the UAV are integrated to obtain a corresponding safety monitoring plan, including:

[0045] The safety monitoring plan includes a height monitoring plan, an angle monitoring plan, and a frequency monitoring plan.

[0046] The second aspect of this application provides a method for safety monitoring of foundation pit engineering based on UAV images, including the following steps:

[0047] Step 1: Obtain the foundation pit monitoring data of each foundation pit area through the corresponding acquisition device;

[0048] Step 2: Extract the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data;

[0049] Step 3: Generate a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data;

[0050] Step 4: Generate a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit risk index.

[0051] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are:

[0052] 1. This application obtains the foundation pit monitoring data of the foundation pit area through the corresponding acquisition device; extracts the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data; extracts the structural deformation data and surface environment impact data from the regional structure data; generates a deformation impact coefficient according to the structural deformation data; generates a surface impact coefficient according to the surface environment impact data; generates a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the deformation impact coefficient and the surface impact coefficient; generates a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit risk index; according to the characteristics of each foundation pit area, the UAV conducts targeted safety monitoring on each foundation pit area, and then generates a corresponding safety monitoring plan for each foundation pit area; making the safety monitoring of foundation pit engineering more reasonable and convenient, further improving the accuracy of the system warning, and ultimately improving the overall efficiency of the safety monitoring of foundation pit engineering;

[0053] 2. This application extracts the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data, generates the deformation influence coefficient and surface influence coefficient corresponding to the foundation pit area based on the regional structure data, generates the foundation pit danger index based on the deformation influence coefficient and surface influence coefficient, and improves the accuracy for the subsequent system to generate a safety monitoring plan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for description in the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the system of this application;

[0056] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the method of this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0057] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present application in combination with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 1 , an embodiment of the first aspect of this application provides a foundation pit engineering safety monitoring system based on UAV images, including: a data acquisition module, a data analysis module, a safety monitoring module, and a database.

[0059] Data acquisition module: Obtain the foundation pit monitoring data of each foundation pit area through corresponding acquisition devices;

[0060] In this embodiment, specifically, it should be noted that the acquisition devices include: an ultrasonic detector, a pressure sensor, a pressure type water level gauge, and a camera device, and the camera device includes a camera. The foundation pit area divides the area of the entire monitored foundation pit project into each foundation pit area according to equal area; obtain the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data;

[0061] Data analysis module: Extract the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data; generate the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area based on the regional structure data.

[0062] Specifically, extracting the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data includes: the regional structure data mainly includes structural deformation data and surface environment impact data.

[0063] Specifically, generating a foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data includes:

[0064] Extracting the structural deformation data and surface environment impact data in the regional structure data;

[0065] Extracting the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress in the structural deformation data, and generating a deformation influence coefficient according to the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress;

[0066] Extracting the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution in the surface environment impact data, and generating a surface impact coefficient according to the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution;

[0067] Generating a foundation pit danger index according to the deformation influence coefficient and the surface impact coefficient.

[0068] In this embodiment, specifically, it should be noted that the pile body elastic modulus in the structural deformation data is the elastic modulus of each retaining pile itself; the column spacing is the horizontal spacing length between adjacent retaining piles; the anchor cable prestress is the outward pulling force of the anchor cable on the retaining pile; the groundwater level in the surface environment impact data is the groundwater level value corresponding to the foundation pit area; the excavation depth is the excavation depth value of the foundation pit corresponding to the foundation pit area; the allowable excavation depth is the limit value of the excavation depth that can be allowed in the foundation pit area; the soil density distribution is to divide the foundation pit area into each soil distribution area according to the soil density size; for example: generally, the clay density < sand density < rock density, and the clay density, sand density, and rock density respectively correspond to the clay distribution area, sand distribution area, and rock distribution area;

[0069] Specifically, generating a deformation influence coefficient according to the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress includes:

[0070] Obtaining the deformation influence coefficient through formula calculation. The specific formula is as follows:

[0071]

[0072] Where XB represents the deformation influence coefficient, Wq m represents the anchor cable prestress of each retaining pile in the foundation pit area, WQ represents the maximum value of the anchor cable prestress corresponding to the retaining pile; WF represents the pile body elastic modulus corresponding to the retaining pile, wf represents the unit value of the elastic modulus; Wj mIt represents the horizontal spacing length between the m-th retaining pile and the (m + 1)-th retaining pile in the foundation pit area. WJ represents the optimal value of the horizontal spacing length between the retaining piles in the foundation pit area. γ1, γ2, and γ3 represent proportionality coefficients, and γ1 > γ2 > γ3. The specific values are set according to experience. m = 1, 2, ……, M. m represents the number of the retaining pile corresponding to the foundation pit area, and M represents the total number of the retaining piles corresponding to the foundation pit area. This embodiment illustrates the relationship between the deformation influence coefficient and the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress through the above formula. When the pile body elastic modulus is larger, it indicates that the corresponding retaining pile has stronger anti-deformation ability, higher stiffness of the corresponding retaining pile, smaller pile body deformation under the same load, the corresponding retaining pile is less likely to deform, and the corresponding deformation influence coefficient is smaller. When the column spacing deviates from the optimal value more, it indicates that the corresponding retaining pile bears a larger load range, the corresponding cooperation between piles will weaken, which may lead to an increase in the deformation of the retaining pile. At the same time, the restraint effect of the soil between piles decreases, further exacerbating the deformation transfer, and the corresponding deformation influence coefficient is larger. When the anchor cable prestress is larger, it indicates that the structure of the corresponding retaining pile itself is more stable, the degree of suppression of the corresponding lateral or axial deformation is greater, and the corresponding deformation influence coefficient is smaller. Vice versa.

[0073] Specifically, the surface influence coefficient is generated according to the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution, including:

[0074] The surface influence coefficient is calculated through a formula. The specific formula is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Among them, DB represents the surface influence coefficient, DI represents the optimal value of the groundwater level corresponding to the foundation pit area, and Ds represents the groundwater level value corresponding to the foundation pit area; Kd max represents the allowable excavation depth, and Kd j represents the excavation depth corresponding to each soil distribution area in the foundation pit area; Z j represents the soil density corresponding to each soil distribution area; DJ represents the unit difference in soil density corresponding to each soil distribution area; j represents the corresponding number of the soil distribution area, j = 1, 2, ……, J, and J represents the total number of soil distribution areas, and λ j represents the weight coefficient of each soil density in the foundation pit area, and λ jJudged according to the area of soil distribution; when the area of soil distribution is larger, the corresponding soil density distribution is more uniform, and the corresponding weight coefficient is larger, and the specific value is set according to experience. This embodiment illustrates the relationship between the surface influence coefficient and the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution through the above formula. When the groundwater level corresponding to the foundation pit area is higher than the optimal groundwater level, the water pressure borne by the foundation soil layer increases, resulting in the weakening of the soil strength, and then it is more likely to cause soil softening or compression settlement, and it is more likely to occur the dangerous situation of ground settlement. The larger the surface influence coefficient corresponding to the foundation pit area; when the groundwater level corresponding to the foundation pit area is lower than the optimal groundwater level, it will cause the pore water pressure in the soil layer to decrease and the effective stress to increase, strengthening the interaction force between soil particles, thus causing the soil body to undergo compression deformation and increasing the probability of ground settlement. The larger the surface influence coefficient corresponding to the foundation pit area; when the excavation depth is larger, it means that the disturbance range and degree of the surrounding soil body are also larger, and it is more likely to cause surface settlement and the probability of dangerous accidents is greater; the larger the surface influence coefficient corresponding to the foundation pit area; when the soil density corresponding to the soil distribution area is larger, it means that the soil in the corresponding soil distribution area is less likely to be compressed, the probability of corresponding surface settlement is smaller, and the probability of dangerous accidents is smaller. The smaller the surface influence coefficient corresponding to the foundation pit area; vice versa.

[0077] Specifically, a foundation pit danger index is generated according to the deformation influence coefficient and the surface influence coefficient, including:

[0078] The foundation pit danger index is calculated through a formula, and the specific formula is as follows:

[0079] P = a1×XB + a2×DB,

[0080] Among them, P represents the foundation pit danger index, and a1 and a2 represent proportionality coefficients; specifically, it should be noted that when the deformation influence coefficient is larger, the probability of deformation of the retaining pile is greater, and the corresponding a1 will be larger; when the surface influence coefficient is larger, the geological conditions are complex and the influence of surface environment changes is greater, and the corresponding a2 will be larger, and the specific value is set according to experience; this embodiment obtains the relationship between the foundation pit danger index and the deformation influence coefficient and the surface influence coefficient through the formula; when the deformation influence coefficient is larger, it means that the deformation of the retaining pile in the foundation pit area is larger, which may lead to the instability of the retaining pile structure and the greater probability of dangerous accidents. The larger the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area; when the surface influence coefficient is larger, it means that the corresponding surface settlement is more serious, and then the probability of dangerous collapse accidents is higher. The larger the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area; on the contrary, the smaller the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area.

[0081] Safety monitoring module: Generate a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit danger index.

[0082] Specifically, a safety monitoring plan is generated based on the foundation pit danger index, including:

[0083] Obtain the foundation pit danger index corresponding to each foundation pit area; generate the monitoring height of the drone, the shooting angle of the drone, and the monitoring frequency of the drone according to a number of foundation pit danger indexes; integrate the monitoring height of the drone, the shooting angle of the drone, and the monitoring frequency of the drone to obtain the corresponding safety monitoring plan.

[0084] Specifically, generating the monitoring height of the drone, the shooting angle of the drone, and the monitoring frequency of the drone according to a number of foundation pit danger indexes includes:

[0085] After that, perform normalization processing on a number of foundation pit danger indexes to obtain P1 ∈ [0, 1], where 0 is safe and 1 is extremely dangerous. In this embodiment, the specific normalization processing calculation formula is Specific normalization formulas are different and are set according to specific experience; pj is the average value of the foundation pit danger indexes corresponding to the foundation pit area.

[0086] Obtain the monitoring height of the drone through the formula. The specific formula is:

[0087] H = H min +(H max -H min ) × (1 - P1),

[0088] where H represents the monitoring height of the drone; H max represents the maximum monitoring height of the drone; H min represents the minimum effective monitoring height of the drone; the above formula shows that when the foundation pit danger index is higher, it means that the foundation pit area needs to obtain higher-resolution images to capture more details, and the corresponding monitoring height of the drone is lower.

[0089] Obtain the shooting angle of the drone through the formula. The specific formula is:

[0090] J = J base +J max × P1,

[0091] where J represents the shooting angle of the drone; J max represents the maximum monitoring angle of the drone; J base represents the basic monitoring angle of the drone; the above formula shows that when the foundation pit danger index is higher, it means that the foundation pit area needs to be monitored from multiple angles to have stronger all-round monitoring ability for the foundation pit area, and the corresponding shooting angle of the drone for the foundation pit area is larger.

[0092] Obtain the monitoring frequency of the drone through the formula. The specific formula is:

[0093] F = Fbase ×(1 + 3×(P1) 2 ),

[0094] where F represents the monitoring frequency of the UAV; F base represents the basic monitoring frequency of the UAV. The above formula shows that when the foundation pit danger index is higher, it indicates that the probability of dangerous accidents in the foundation pit area is greater, and the monitoring frequency of the UAV corresponding to the foundation pit area is higher;

[0095] Specifically, integrating the UAV monitoring height, the shooting angle of the UAV, and the monitoring frequency of the UAV to obtain the corresponding safety monitoring plan, including:

[0096] In this embodiment, it should be specifically noted that the safety monitoring plan specifically includes:

[0097] Height monitoring plan: Set the UAV monitoring height according to the size of the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area;

[0098] Angle monitoring plan: Set the shooting angle of the UAV according to the size of the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area;

[0099] Frequency monitoring plan: Set the monitoring frequency of the UAV according to the size of the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area; specifically, it should be noted that the monitoring frequency of the UAV is divided according to the monitoring time.

[0100] The safety monitoring plan includes a height monitoring plan, an angle monitoring plan, and a frequency monitoring plan.

[0101] Please refer to Figure 2 , the second aspect of this application provides a foundation pit engineering safety monitoring method based on UAV images, including the following steps:

[0102] Step 1: Obtain the foundation pit monitoring data of each foundation pit area through the corresponding acquisition device;

[0103] Step 2: Extract the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data;

[0104] Step 3: Generate the foundation pit danger index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data;

[0105] Step 4: Generate a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit danger index.

[0106] Working principle of this application: This application obtains foundation pit monitoring data of the foundation pit area through corresponding acquisition devices; extracts regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data; extracts structural deformation data and surface environment impact data from the regional structure data; generates a deformation impact coefficient based on the structural deformation data; generates a surface impact coefficient based on the surface environment impact data; generates a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the deformation impact coefficient and the surface impact coefficient; generates a safety monitoring plan based on the foundation pit risk index; according to the different characteristics of each foundation pit area, conducts targeted safety monitoring of each foundation pit area through an unmanned aerial vehicle, and then generates a corresponding safety monitoring plan for each foundation pit area; making the safety monitoring of the foundation pit project more reasonable and convenient, thereby further improving the accuracy of the system warning, and finally improving the overall efficiency of the safety monitoring of the foundation pit project.

[0107] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of this application and not to limit it. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical method of this application can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of this application.

Claims

1. A safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images, characterized in that Data acquisition module: Acquire foundation pit monitoring data for each foundation pit area; Data analysis module: Extract regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data; Generate a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data; Safety monitoring module: Generate a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit risk index.

2. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 1, characterized in that, The generation of the foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data includes: Extract the structural deformation data and surface environment impact data from the regional structure data; Extract the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress from the structural deformation data, and generate a deformation influence coefficient according to the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress; Extract the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution from the surface environment impact data, and generate a surface impact coefficient according to the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution; Generate a foundation pit risk index according to the deformation influence coefficient and the surface impact coefficient.

3. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 2, wherein, The generation of the deformation influence coefficient according to the pile body elastic modulus, column spacing, and anchor cable prestress includes: Calculate the deformation influence coefficient through a formula, and the specific formula is as follows: Among them, XB represents the deformation influence coefficient, Wq m represents the prestress of the anchor cables of each retaining pile in the foundation pit area, and WQ represents the maximum value of the prestress of the anchor cables corresponding to the retaining piles; WF represents the elastic modulus of the pile body corresponding to the retaining pile, and wf represents the unit value of the elastic modulus; Wj m represents the horizontal spacing length between the m-th retaining pile and the (m + 1)-th retaining pile in the foundation pit area, and WJ represents the optimal value of the horizontal spacing length between the retaining piles in the foundation pit area. γ1, γ2, and γ3 represent proportionality coefficients, and γ1 > γ2 > γ3; m = 1, 2,..., M; m represents the number of the retaining pile corresponding to the foundation pit area, and M represents the total number of the retaining piles corresponding to the foundation pit area.

4. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 2, characterized in that, The generation of the surface impact coefficient according to the groundwater level, excavation depth, and soil density distribution includes: Calculate the surface impact coefficient through a formula, and the specific formula is as follows: Among them, DB represents the surface influence coefficient, DI represents the optimum value of the groundwater level corresponding to the foundation pit area, and Ds represents the groundwater level value corresponding to the foundation pit area; Kd max represents the allowable excavation depth, and Kd j represents the excavation depth corresponding to each soil distribution area in the foundation pit area; Z j represents the soil density corresponding to each soil distribution area; DJ represents the unit difference of the soil density corresponding to each soil distribution area; j represents the corresponding number of the soil distribution area, j = 1, 2,..., J, where J represents the total number of soil distribution areas, and λ j represents the weight coefficient of each soil density in the foundation pit area.

5. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 2, characterized in that, The generation of the foundation pit risk index according to the deformation influence coefficient and the surface impact coefficient includes: Calculate the foundation pit risk index through a formula, and the specific formula is as follows: P = a1×XB + a2×DB, where P represents the foundation pit risk index, and a1 and a2 represent proportionality coefficients.

6. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 1, wherein, The generation of the safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit risk index includes: Obtain the foundation pit risk index corresponding to each foundation pit area; Generate the UAV monitoring height, the shooting angle of the UAV, and the monitoring frequency of the UAV according to several foundation pit risk indices; Integrate the UAV monitoring height, the shooting angle of the UAV, and the monitoring frequency of the UAV to obtain the corresponding safety monitoring plan.

7. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 6, characterized in that, The UAV monitoring height includes: Obtain the foundation pit risk index and perform normalization processing to obtain P1 ∈ [0, 1]; Obtain the UAV monitoring height through a formula, and the specific formula is: H = H min +(H max -H min )×(1 - P1), Among them, H represents the monitoring altitude of the UAV; H max represents the maximum monitoring altitude of the UAV; H min represents the minimum effective monitoring altitude of the UAV.

8. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shooting angle of the UAV includes: Obtain the foundation pit risk index and perform normalization processing to obtain P1 ∈ [0, 1]; Obtain the shooting angle of the UAV through a formula, and the specific formula is: J = J base + J max × P1, Among them, J represents the shooting angle of the drone; J max represents the maximum monitoring angle of the drone; J base represents the basic monitoring angle of the drone.

9. The safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images according to claim 6, characterized in that, The monitoring frequency of the UAV includes: Obtain the foundation pit risk index and perform normalization processing to obtain P1 ∈ [0, 1]; Obtain the monitoring frequency of the UAV through a formula, and the specific formula is: F = F base ×(1 + 3×(P1) 2 ) Among them, F represents the monitoring frequency of the UAV; F base represents the basic monitoring frequency of the UAV.

10. A safety monitoring method for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images, which is applied to the operation of a safety monitoring system for foundation pit engineering based on UAV images described in any one of claims 1-9; characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Step 1: Acquire the foundation pit monitoring data for each foundation pit area through the corresponding acquisition equipment; Step 2: Extract the regional structure data from the foundation pit monitoring data; Step 3: Generate a foundation pit risk index corresponding to the foundation pit area according to the regional structure data; Step 4: Generate a safety monitoring plan according to the foundation pit risk index.

Images