User input unit and user input device

Abstract

The invention relates to a user input unit and a user input device. The user input unit includes a housing configured to be attached to a base of a user input device, such as a keyboard. The input unit also has: a first movable element coupled to the housing, the first movable element being movable in a first direction; and a second movable element operable by the user, the second movable element being coupled to the housing, the second movable element being movable along a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction. Further, there is provided a transmission configured to convert movement of the second movable element in the second direction into movement of the first movable element in the first direction. The invention also relates to a user input device, such as a keyboard, comprising a base, such as a user input unit, and a sensor configured to sense a movement or position of the first movable element along a first direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a user input unit. The present invention also relates to a user input device including such a user input unit, such as a keyboard. Background Art

[0002] Keyboards are well known in the art. A keyboard is generally a flat or plate-shaped user input device, and for use, the keyboard is arranged on a substantially horizontal surface such as a table or a desk. The key surface of the keyboard faces upward at the top. The keys, as user input units, allow a user to provide input by pressing the keys. The user input device can accordingly record the pressing, i.e., the key press, during which the button moves downward and then upward.

[0003] Traditionally, the depressible keys are provided with physical switches, and the physical switches close or open a circuit according to the depression of the physical switches. The user input device records the depression by interrogating the circuit, thereby generating a binary reading, i.e., the key is "pressed" or "not pressed" ("not pressed" is also referred to as released).

[0004] Recently, some improvements have been made by adopting analog sensor technology. Briefly, the key depression is measured by a sensor over the entire depression range, and the degree of depression is converted into an operable digital signal. This makes it possible, for example, to select a customized actuation point, i.e., the threshold of the depression degree at which the key is considered "pressed" or "not pressed" can be changed over time for a specific key, or can be changed from key to key without the need for different hardware.

[0005] At the same time, some efforts have been made to make the keyboard more versatile by allowing the replacement and interchange of the depressible keys. For this purpose, the base of the keyboard includes sensors arranged near the slots. The keys themselves consist of "switches" that can be placed in one of the slots. The keycaps can be placed on such switches to indicate the function of the specific key and to provide the desired ergonomics or aesthetics. Such switches no longer actually perform a switching function - such switches generally do not close or open a circuit. Instead, the switches provide a measurable movement for the sensors in the base. However, such switches are still referred to as switches in the art. However, the switches are important for providing, for example, mechanical feedback and / or an audible response. The switches are also generally responsible for biasing the keys upward, i.e., biasing them to the non-pressed position. When pressed, the same bias gives some restoring force to the user, which is experienced by the user.

[0006] Despite these efforts, the ways in which user input can be given to the keyboard are still limited because pressing remains the only detectable operation.

[0007] Keyboards with auxiliary and alternative type input units are also known. The auxiliary input unit typically performs any one of a limited number of dedicated functions, such as controlling volume, scrolling, cursor movement, etc. For this purpose, the auxiliary input unit can be operated in some way other than being pressable. As an example, some keyboards are provided with rotary knobs, binary switches, touchpads, joysticks, etc. These auxiliary input units require a specific type of hardware and are thus arranged in fixed positions, usually on the periphery of a conventional key group. Such a configuration typically results in a rather bulky design of the base, which in addition to accommodating the auxiliary input unit also needs to be able to accommodate the conventional group. Moreover, the auxiliary keys are non-removable and cannot be positioned according to the user's preference as they rely on the type-specific hardware. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to overcome at least in part one or more of these disadvantages.

[0009] This object is achieved in a user input unit, which comprises: a housing configured to be attached to a base of a user input device, such as a keyboard; a first movable element coupled to the housing and capable of moving along a first direction; a second user-operable movable element coupled to the housing and capable of moving along a second direction, the second direction being different from the first direction; and a transmission configured to convert the movement of the second movable element along the second direction into the movement of the first movable element along the first direction.

[0010] The base of the user input device is typically provided with sensors capable of recording key presses, which include a linear displacement of the key along the first direction. Thus, such a base cannot record other movements, i.e., movements along the second direction. According to the present invention, the user input unit can be attached to the base via its housing. The user input unit includes a first movable element capable of moving along the first direction, such that the unmodified base can sense the movement of the first movable element along this first direction. Thus, the base may not need to be modified to be able to accommodate or cooperate with the user input unit.

[0011] To provide additional functionality, i.e., in addition to the allowed pressing of keys only, the user input unit further includes a second user-operable movable element, which is capable of moving in a different direction, herein referred to as the second direction. Thus, the user can now operate the user input unit in a different way than the currently known keys that only allow pressing.

[0012] To convert a user input in a second direction into a movement in a first direction, the user input unit is provided with a transmission device. Due to this transmission device, the movement applied by the user in the second direction is converted into a movement of a first movable element in the first direction, such that the unmodified base can effectively respond to a movement in the second direction, by means of the movement in the second direction being converted into a movement in the first direction for the base to sense.

[0013] Accordingly, a user input unit is obtained which provides an input function different from that of a pressable key, but can still be used with a base that is only capable of sensing movement in a first direction. Thus, the user input element can present a very versatile way of providing an input to a possibly unmodified base. As an example, the user input element can be a knob, a slider, a switch, etc.

[0014] In particular, the housing of the user input unit can advantageously be configured to resemble the housing of a pressable key. Accordingly, a user input unit is obtained which can be positioned in a plurality of positions around the base, such as a plurality of positions preferred by the user. Thus, the user input unit can be replaced by a pressable key, or the user input unit itself can replace a pressable key.

[0015] Since the conversion from movement in the second direction to movement in the first direction takes place within the user input unit, the base can be unaware of the exact configuration and design of the user input unit. Thus, the base can be unmodified and can suitably be provided only with sensors for movement in the first direction.

[0016] In addition, the user input unit can be detachable and (re)attached to the base to allow positioning the user input unit elsewhere on the base, or to allow exchanging the user input unit with a different input unit, such as a pressable key or another user input unit.

[0017] It should be noted at this point and will be explained in more detail later that the user input unit can have a housing corresponding to a group of housings of a plurality of conventional pressable keys.

[0018] In particular, wherein the first direction is a linear direction and the second direction is a rotational direction. In this case, the user input device can constitute a rotatable knob which can be easily exchanged with a pressable key and does not require knob-specific hardware. The knob can advantageously be used for quickly changing, for example, volume settings, brightness settings, sensitivity parameters, etc.

[0019] It should be noted that the rotatable knob can still be pressable. In this case, it is advantageous if the transmission also associates the pressing of the knob with the pressing of the first movable element. More generally, the transmission can additionally associate the movement of a second user-operable movable element in a first direction with the movement of the first movable element in the first direction.

[0020] In particular, the first direction is substantially parallel to the axis of rotation defined by the second direction and optionally coincides with this axis of rotation. This allows the knob to rotate in a horizontal plane when the first direction is substantially vertical. Such a knob can be ergonomically operated and / or can be easily accessible.

[0021] However, if the first direction is a linear direction, the second direction can also be a linear direction, not parallel to the first direction and preferably substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

[0022] In this case, the user input unit can be a slider. In this case, the second user-operable movable element can slide back and forth, and the first movable element can move up and down accordingly via the transmission. Thus, the slider can be fitted to a keyboard that would otherwise only be suitable for pressable keys, since the keyboard would only be able to detect vertical movement.

[0023] It is particularly advantageous if the transmission is configured to convert a one-way movement of the second movable element along the second direction into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element along the first direction.

[0024] In this way, even with a relatively small movement range in the first direction, a very large movement range in the second direction can be recorded. In one extreme case, if the second direction is rotational, the movement range can be infinite, i.e., the rotation can be repeated over and over again. However, the reciprocating movement of the first movable element can still record the continued movement of the second movable element.

[0025] The reciprocating movement can also be perceived by the user as a clicking sensation, thereby providing mechanical feedback to the user.

[0026] Even more advantageously, the transmission is configured to convert a clockwise rotation of the second movable element into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element along the first direction around a first average position, and to convert a counterclockwise rotation of the second movable element into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element along the first direction around a second average position different from the first average position.

[0027] In this way, it can be inferred from the average position around which the reciprocating movement occurs in which direction the second movable element is being operated.

[0028] If the transmission means includes a rack and a cam, wherein the cam is configured to follow the surface of the rack when the second movable element moves, a suitable reciprocating motion can be generated.

[0029] In this case, when the cam travels along the rack, the rack will force the cam to move in the first direction.

[0030] If the transmission means includes a track and a follower configured to follow the track, wherein a first end portion of the track is positioned in a different position in a first direction from a second end portion opposite to the track, such that the movement of the follower from the first end portion to the second end portion of the track causes the follower to move in the first direction, different average positions can be achieved.

[0031] In this case, the operation of the second movable element in the second direction will force the follower to traverse along the track, thereby causing the follower to move up or down in the first direction so as to create an "offset" around which a reciprocating motion can be performed. Of course, this can also be applied without a reciprocating motion, for example, by some other type of motion application.

[0032] Therefore, generally speaking, if the transmission means includes a track and a follower configured to follow the track, wherein the movement of the second movable element causes the follower to move along the track, the requirements can be met. The track can extend along its length at different positions (such as heights) in the first direction simultaneously, such that the follower is forced to move in the first direction while following the track. In this way, the transmission means can convert the motion between two motion directions.

[0033] The track can be discrete, thereby providing separated positions in the first direction, or the track can be smooth.

[0034] If the movement along the cam is restricted, for example, by using a stopper at the end of the track, etc., operations other than the restricted movement of the cam can be used to cause, for example, the first movable element to reciprocate in the first direction. In this way, the transmission means can provide a unique output according to the operation direction of the second movable element.

[0035] Other examples of tracks and cams are possible. In particular, the track can define notches along the track, and the notches thus define a discrete track. Such a discrete track, whether having notches or otherwise, can have the additional advantage of directly providing mechanical feedback to the user.

[0036] In one such embodiment, the transmission means includes a plurality of notches having a varying depth in a first direction and at least one peg, wherein each notch corresponds to an angular position of the second movable element, and wherein the peg is configured to be arranged in the corresponding notch according to the position of the second movable element.

[0037] Due to the different depths of the notches, the pins protrude into the notches to different extents, which can be used to infer information about the position or movement of the second movable element.

[0038] The user input unit can even include a plurality of such pins, for example, three pins or four pins. In this case, the rotational position of the second movable element can be uniquely determined relatively easily. By recording the movement of each of the plurality of pins, for example, by coupling each of the plurality of pins to a corresponding switch, higher precision can indeed be obtained.

[0039] This design has the additional advantage that the user input unit can cover a plurality of key slots in the keyboard and can therefore have a larger size compared to other possible dimensions.

[0040] It should be noted that the pins can be constituted by the first movable element. Therefore, in principle, the transmission device can include a combination of the second movable element and the first movable element, provided that their interaction allows the described transmission device. Therefore, the transmission device does not need to be a separate physical component. Instead, the transmission device can be produced by the interaction of various components other than or only consisting of the first movable element and the second movable element.

[0041] The user input unit can be substantially cylindrical, thereby defining an axis A, and wherein the first direction coincides with or extends along the axis A.

[0042] As previously mentioned, it is advantageous that the transmission device is also configured to convert the movement of the second movable element along the first direction into the movement of the first movable element along the first direction. In this embodiment, the second movable element can also be operated by pressing the second movable element.

[0043] The second movable element can be a knob to facilitate operation by rotation. If necessary, if the user-operable second movable element is further movably coupled to the housing along the first direction, it is possible to enable pressing the knob.

[0044] It can also be allowed that the second movable element tilts, for example, about the axis of rotation A. The transmission device can be configured to associate the tilting movement with the movement of the first movable element along the first direction, such that the tilting movement can also be recorded, preferably as an operation different from rotation or pressing.

[0045] In such an embodiment, the user input unit exhibits a behavior similar to that of a joystick while using switches that typically only record pressing.

[0046] Movements can be recorded by suitable sensors, such as sensors included in the user input device. To facilitate this, a first movable element can be detected by a sensor included in the user input device. As an example, a magnet can be fixedly attached to the first movable element to allow detection of the movement by sensing a magnetic field, for example using a Hall sensor.

[0047] It should be noted that, in principle, there can be multiple first movable elements to improve accuracy.

[0048] Furthermore, to achieve the above object in a user input device, such as a keyboard, the user input device includes: a base; a user input unit as mentioned above, and a sensor configured to sense the movement or position of the first movable element along a first direction.

[0049] The application of a transmission device allows different types of inputs to be provided to the user input device, and the user input unit can already be included in the user input unit or added to the user input device by coupling the user input unit to the base.

[0050] In fact, the sensor is a Hall sensor.

[0051] It is particularly advantageous that the user input unit can be detached from and / or (re)attached to the base.

[0052] In this case, if possible, the user input device further includes at least one depressible key, wherein the user input unit and the at least one depressible key are interchangeably attached to the base at positions corresponding to the sensor.

[0053] Thus, due to the transmission device as explained above, for the first time, a single sensor, which is typically configured to record only movements along a first direction, can alternatively record the operation of a second movable element along a second direction.

[0054] It is even possible that the user input unit can be interchanged with any single depressible key of the user input device or jointly interchanged with multiple such depressible keys.

[0055] For interchangeability, the user input unit can be configured to connect to a switch of the user input device, such as a switch of a keyboard. Thus, the user input unit can replace the keycap, which would otherwise be combined with the switch to form a depressible key. However, when interchanged, the user input unit can also replace the keycap and the switch.

[0056] To connect to the switch, the user input unit can include one or more receiving spaces, and the switch, for example, engages with the one or more receiving spaces in a form - fitting manner. Description of the Drawings

[0057] The present invention is further illustrated by the following drawings, which show preferred embodiments of the device according to the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In the drawings:

[0058] Figure 1 A perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of a user input unit according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 2 Schematically showing Figure 1 An exploded view of the embodiment in

[0060] Figure 3 Showing Figure 2 A cross-section of the exploded view of

[0061] Figures 4 to 7 Showing various cross-sections of the embodiment along the plane indicated by Figure 1

[0062] Figure 8 Showing the parts of a multi-input device according to the present invention;

[0063] Figures 9A to 9B Schematically showing two interlocking devices;

[0064] Figure 10 Showing another cross-section of the multi-input device according to the present invention;

[0065] Figure 11 Showing a graph of the height measured over time;

[0066] Figure 12 An isometric perspective view showing another embodiment of the user input unit according to the present invention;

[0067] Figure 13 Showing the embodiment in Figure 12 in different views; Figure 14 In Figure 12 's isometric perspective view showing Figure 12 and Figure 13 's exploded view of the embodiment shown in

[0068] Figure 15 In Figure 13 's isometric perspective view showing Figure 12 and Figure 13 's exploded view of the embodiment shown in

[0069] Figure 16 Showing Figure 12 and Figure 13 's cross-section of the embodiment shown in

[0070] ​Figure 17 shows the possible responses generated using Figure 12 and Figure 13 the embodiments shown in

[0071] Figures 18A to 18C A perspective view of a user input unit showing another embodiment. Detailed Description

[0072] Figure 1 Embodiments of the user input unit 1 according to the present invention are shown in. The user input unit 1 includes a housing 2 - in this case, the housing 2 is a combination of housing elements 11 and 15 and 16. The user input unit 1 can be attached to the base of a user input device, such as a keyboard, using housing elements 15 and 16. The user input device is not shown herein. However, those skilled in the art will recognize the characteristic shape of housing elements 15 and 16, which together correspond to the typical housing for a switch for a depressible key. The user input unit 1 has a user-operable knob 10 as a user-operable input element. The knob 10 defines a central axis A that coincides with its axis of rotation. The knob 10 is rotatable relative to the housing 2 about the central axis A. The direction of rotation will later be referred to as the second direction D2. Figure 1 Also shown in are a plurality of cross-sectional planes, and for each plane, an illustration of the corresponding cross-section is shown.

[0073] In the context of the present application, the orientation that the user input unit 1 has in Figure 1 can be described as an upright position. The central axis A can be described as being vertical. Figure 6 The direction D1 indicated in can be described as down or downward. A plane perpendicular to the central axis A can be described as being horizontal. When the user input unit 1 is viewed from above, the clockwise direction can be defined as clockwise. Figure 6 The direction D2 indicated in can be described as being clockwise.

[0074] Figure 2 An exploded view of an embodiment of the user input unit according to the present invention is shown in. Figure 3 Shown in is Figure 2 a cross-section of the exploded view of. The user input unit 1 includes a knob 10, a housing element 11, a second transmission element 14, a magnet 13, a first transmission element 12, and housing elements 15 and 16.

[0075] The housing element 15 includes an outward-facing threaded region 15D. The housing element 11 includes an inward-facing threaded region 11D. The housing element 11 can be in Figure 4is screwed onto the first housing element 15 in the region R1 indicated. The housing element 15 can be connected to the housing element 16 by means of a connecting element 15E. In this example, the connecting element 15E is part of a snap-fit connection, but of course other connection techniques can be used. The threaded connection between the housing elements 15 and 11 does not necessarily have to be implemented in this way either, although the thread can allow the height of the housing element 11 to be constructed relative to the other housing element 15.

[0076] The spring 3 is arranged Figure 4 in the region R2 indicated between the housing element 16 and the second transmission element 14. The spring biases the second transmission element 14 away from the housing element 16.

[0077] The knob 10 has a downward-facing edge 10F, and the knob 10 rests on the upward-facing edge 14F of the second transmission element 14 via this downward-facing edge 10F.

[0078] The knob 10 includes an outward-facing gear section 10A. The first transmission element 12 includes an inward-facing gear section 12A. The gear section 10A Figure 5 is interlocked with the gear section 12A in the region R3 indicated. Thus, in this example, the knob 10 and the first transmission element 12 are rotatably coupled via the gear sections 10A and 12A. Of course, other coupling techniques can be used.

[0079] It should be noted that the gears 10A and 12A have a constant shape along their axial direction, such that the gears 10A and 12A allow the knob 10 to slide relative to the first transmission element 12 along their axial direction. While this can provide a pleasant operation for the user, this feature is not strictly necessary, and in fact, the knob 10 can also be fixedly arranged relative to the first transmission element 12 in this axial direction.

[0080] The first transmission element 12 includes a downward-facing edge 12B. The second transmission element 14 includes an inward-facing ridge 14B. The edge 12B Figure 5 rests on and is interlocked with the ridge 14B in the region R4 indicated. The magnet 13 is fixedly attached to the first transmission element 12 or otherwise held in place relative to the first transmission element 12. In this way, the inward-facing ridge 14B defines a track along which the edge 12B can follow, and thus the edge 12B is a follower of this track. Of course, other embodiments of the track and the follower can be used.

[0081] The second transmission element 14 includes a toothed edge 14C at its upper end, in which a set of teeth can be referred to as cams. The housing element 11 includes an inward-facing ridge 11C at its upper end, and the inward-facing ridge 11C has a downward-facing toothed side that forms a rack for engaging with the cams. The toothed edge 14C can be interlocked with the toothed ridge 11C in the region R5 indicated in Figure 5 . It should be noted that other examples of cams and racks can be used instead.

[0082] Operation

[0083] The user input unit 1 can receive user input, and whether the user input is received or specifically what user input is received can be derived from the position and / or movement of the magnet 13. Specifically, this can be derived using a Hall sensor.

[0084] For Figure 1 the embodiment shown, a Hall sensor (not shown) can be arranged substantially along the axis A in or below the housing element 16. In cases known in the art, the Hall sensor measures the magnetic field strength generated by the magnet. Generally, such sensors are already available in the base of user input devices, such as keyboards. When the user input unit 1 is connected to the base through its housing elements 16, 15, the user input unit 1 is usually aligned with a dedicated sensor for the user input unit 1. When connected, the Hall sensor can detect the field strength of the magnet 13, and the resulting signal will correspond to the height of the magnet 13 relative to the sensor, and thus also to the height of the first transmission element 12 relative to the housing elements 15, 16, 11.

[0085] When the user input unit 1 is oriented in the manner shown in Figure 6 , the Hall sensor can be arranged below the magnet 13 and / or arranged relative to the magnet 13 in the direction D1. Therefore, in the context of the present application, it can also be said that the Hall sensor measures the height of the magnet 13.

[0086] In the following explanation, the housing element 16 is considered stationary because generally the housing element 16 will be connected to the base of the user input device. In Figure 1 the embodiment shown, the housing element 15 is clamped to the housing element 16, and the housing element 11 is screwed to the housing element 15. Therefore, the housing element 15 and the housing element 11 can also be considered stationary. Other connections between the housing and the housing elements are also conceivable.

[0087] When the user input unit 1 does not receive any user input, the spring 3 pushes the second transmission element 14 upward away from the housing element 16. The second transmission element 14 is pushed against the housing element 11, so that the toothed edge 14E interlocks with the toothed ridge 11E. Therefore, the toothed ridge 11E limits how far the second transmission element 14 can be pushed away from the housing element 16.

[0088] Since the first transmission element 12 can then not move further away from the housing element 16, the height of the magnet 13 at this point can also be referred to as the maximum height.

[0089] The fact that the height of the magnet 13 is at this maximum height, close to this maximum height or above a predetermined threshold can be used to conclude that no input is provided.

[0090] At this point, it should be recalled that the first transmission element 12 is supported on the second transmission element via the downward-facing edge 12B and the inward-facing ridge 14B.

[0091] Input type I - Rotation

[0092] The user input unit 1 can receive, for example, a rotational type of input, although in other embodiments other types of input can be given. The user can specifically operate the user input unit 1 and the knob 10 by rotating the knob 10 about the axis A, for example in the direction D2 as Figure 6 shown.

[0093] When the knob 10 rotates, the interlocked first transmission element 12 also rotates. When the first transmission element 12 rotates far enough, the interlocked second transmission element 14 also rotates, and the interaction of the second transmission element 14 will be explained in more detail below.

[0094] However, first it should be noted that in order for the second transmission element 14 to be able to rotate, the toothed edge 12C must follow the toothed ridge 11C. Therefore, starting from the maximum height position, the second transmission element 14 is pushed downward by one or a set of teeth interacting with the rack of the housing. Further rotation allows the teeth to engage with the rack again. Thus, the rotation of the second transmission element 14 causes an up-and-down movement of the second transmission element 14 by means of the rack and cam employed.

[0095] It should be noted that the downward displacement of the second transmission element 14 is jointly defined by the rack and the cam shape and is relatively small compared to another downward movement explained below.

[0096] As previously mentioned, the first transmission element 12 rests on the second transmission element 14 and freely falls under the influence of gravity and thus moves downward together with the second transmission element 14. When the second transmission element 14 rises, the first transmission element 12 also rises. Thus, the rotation of the knob 10 also causes the up-and-down movement of the first transmission element 12. Therefore, the rotation is converted into the oscillation of the first transmission element in the up-and-down direction. As previously mentioned, the amplitude of the oscillation is small.

[0097] At the same time, the spring 3 still exerts its spring force on the second transmission element 14. When the second transmission element 14 rotates by approximately one tooth width (the further rotation mentioned above), the spring 3 pushes the toothed edge 14C to continue following the toothed ridge 11C. This causes a slight upward movement of the second transmission element 14, and this slight upward movement is opposite to the previous slight downward movement. The first transmission element 12 resting on the second transmission element 14 moves upward together with the second transmission element 14. Thus, this engagement causes a slight upward movement of the first transmission element 12 and the magnet 13 after a slight downward movement during further rotation.

[0098] Therefore, the rotation of the knob 10 causes the toothed edge 12C and the toothed ridge 11C to move upward and downward repeatedly, and correspondingly causes the alternation of the slight upward and downward movements of the first transmission element 12 and the magnet 13. This alternation of the slight upward and downward movements or reciprocating movements of the first transmission element 12 and the magnet 13 can also be described as oscillation.

[0099] Therefore, using a sensor that senses the height of the sensing magnet, when the oscillation of the height of the magnet 13 is sensed, the magnet 13 can be induced to rotate. It should be noted that the easily accessible base of the user input device can sense this height, so that with the user input unit, they can now also sense the rotation.

[0100] Input type II - Oriented rotation

[0101] A preferred embodiment of the user input unit 1 can receive a directional rotation type input. The user can specifically operate the user input unit 1 and the knob 10 by rotating the knob 10 around the axis A in the clockwise or counterclockwise direction. In a preferred embodiment, it is possible to distinguish in which direction the rotation occurs.

[0102] Under "Input Type I - Rotation", it explains how the height of the magnet 13 oscillates when the knob 10 rotates. This embodiment is its extension.

[0103] In this preferred embodiment, the ribbed edge 12B has outward-facing ribs and / or downward-facing ribs 12-1 or followers. The inward-facing ridge 14B, also referred to as a track, has inward-facing ribs and / or upward-facing ribs 14-1. The edge 12B and the ridge 14B preferably have a corresponding number of ridges. The side of the ridge 14B on which the edge 12B rests is provided with repeating ribs 14-1, a lower resting surface 14-2, an inclined surface 14-3, and a higher resting surface 14-4. For each such repetition, a follower is provided. Thus, multiple followers and corresponding tracks are available, although a single follower and corresponding track can also be used.

[0104] When the knob 10 is rotated in the clockwise direction, the clockwise side of the ridge 12-1 contacts the counterclockwise side of the ridge 14-1. Thus, when the ridges 12-1, 14-1 of the respective transmission elements interact, the rotation of the first transmission element 12 causes the common rotation of the second transmission element 14. However, since the two ridges 14-1 of the second transmission element 14 that interact with the follower 12-1 of the first transmission element 12 are spaced apart from each other by a certain distance, the first transmission element 12 can rotate a certain distance without directly causing the rotation of the second transmission element 14. Thus, there is a certain degree of rotational "play". The resting surfaces 14-2, 14-4 and the inclined surface 14-3 therebetween define a track corresponding to the amount of play.

[0105] The counterclockwise side of the ridge 14-1 is adjacent to the lower resting surface 14-2. Thus, if the knob 10 and the first transmission element 12 are rotated clockwise, the ridge 12-1 rests on the lower resting surface 14-2. This positions the first transmission element 12 and the second transmission element 14 relative to each other as Figure 8 and Figure 9A shown. In this relative positioning, the second transmission element is relatively higher with respect to the first transmission element, since their coupling in the direction of the axis A occurs in the lower part of the track 14-2.

[0106] Thus, if the knob 10 is rotated clockwise, the height of the magnet 13 oscillates at or near the average height corresponding to the Figure 9A relative positioning shown, in which case this average height is relatively low (compared to the housing 2). Thus, when oscillations with a relatively low average value are detected using a sensor, rotation can be induced to occur in the clockwise direction.

[0107] When the knob 10 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction, the counterclockwise side of the ridge 12-1 contacts the clockwise side of the ridge 14-1. The clockwise side of the ridge 14-1 is adjacent to the higher resting surface 14-2. Thus, the ridge 12-1 rests on the higher resting surface 14-4. Figure 9BThe mutual positioning of the first moving element 12 and the second transmission element 14 is shown in FIG.

[0108] Therefore, the knob 10 can be rotated in the counterclockwise direction by the height of the magnet 13 being Figure 9B The fact that the mutually corresponding positions shown oscillate at an average height results in that, in this case, the average height is relatively high.

[0109] Alternatively, whether the knob 10 is rotating in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction can be determined by observing whether the height of the magnet 13 is oscillating at or around a higher average height or at or around a lower average height. Figure 8 , Figure 9A , Figure 9B In the illustrated embodiment, the average value of the height of the magnet 13 is lower when the knob 10 is rotated clockwise than when the knob 10 is rotated counterclockwise.

[0110] Inclined surface 14-3 allows ridge 12-1 to change from resting on lower surface 14-2 to resting on upper surface 14-4. This occurs, for example, when knob 10 is first rotated clockwise and then counterclockwise.

[0111] The knob 10 and the first transmission element 12 are interlocked via the gear portions 10A and 12A. Figure 4 The gear couplings in the indicated region R3 are free to move relative to each other in the axial direction A. This tolerance allows the first transmission element 12 to be rotated at varying heights without changing the height of the knob 10 .

[0112] It should be noted that the change in mean height in response to a change in direction should preferably be greater than the amplitude of the oscillation, and thus may be primarily an upward or downward motion (depending on the direction) compared to the upward and downward motion due to the rotation itself.

[0113] Therefore, it is possible to distinguish whether the knob is rotated (input type I) and in which direction it is rotated (input type II).

[0114] It should be noted that the length of the track in the circumferential direction may correspond to several oscillations, so that several oscillations may be "missed" when the direction of rotation of the knob (to change the average height) is changed while the follower follows the track.

[0115] Input type III - Key press

[0116] In a preferred embodiment of the user input unit 1, the user input unit 1 can also receive linear type input. This is also called key pressing. The user can operate the user input unit 1 and this preferred embodiment of the knob 10 by pressing the knob 10 in the direction D1.

[0117] When the knob 10 is pushed downward, the second transmission element 14 is also pushed downward (via the interaction between the corresponding edges 10F and 14F). When the second transmission element 14 is pushed downward, the spring 3 is compressed. The first transmission element 12 resting on the second transmission element 14 freely moves downward together with the second transmission element 14 under the influence of gravity.

[0118] In an embodiment, the knob 10 can be pushed downward only to a certain maximum amount. The amount can be the result of any number of factors. For example, the amount is due to the limited tolerance between the knob 10 and the housing element 11 or due to the maximum compression reached by the spring 3. Since the second transmission element 12 can then not move closer to the housing element 16, the height of the magnet 13 at this point can also be referred to as the minimum height.

[0119] The pressing of the knob can cause a downward movement more than the main downward movement mentioned previously, which corresponds to the downward movement caused by the follower and the track. Therefore, an even greater downward movement can be used to conclude that the knob is pressed.

[0120] Example - Signal readout

[0121] Figure 11 A graph is shown where the x-axis is the time axis and where the y-axis represents the height of the magnet 13 as sensed by a suitable sensor, which in this case is a Hall sensor readily available in a keyboard and which is normally only used to sense the pressing of a key. For this example, the pressable key is replaced by the input unit as described herein, and the signal from the Hall sensor is plotted in Figure 1 it.

[0122] In period P1, the knob is not constrained or rotated. No input is received and the height of the magnet 13 is equal to the maximum height. In period P2, a key press is received (the knob is pressed) and the height of the magnet 13 (relatively significantly) decreases below a predetermined threshold and decreases to the minimum height.

[0123] In period P3, a counterclockwise rotation input is received and the height of the magnet 13 oscillates near the maximum height h max The maximum variation Δh1 of this oscillation is equal to twice the amplitude of the oscillation, corresponds to the interaction between the edge 12C and the toothed ridge 10C and is relatively small. In period P4, a clockwise rotation input is received and the height of the magnet 13 oscillates near the intermediate height h r The maximum height h max and the intermediate height h rThe difference Δh2 therebetween can correspond to the height difference between the higher rest surface 14-4 and the lower rest surface 14-2 and be relatively large. In P5, no input is received and the height of the magnet 13 is higher than the predetermined threshold h th .

[0124] It should be noted that these regions can be easily distinguished from the curve graph, enabling a person skilled in the art to infer from the signals from the Hall sensor that:

[0125] - whether the knob is pressed;

[0126] - whether the knob is rotating; and

[0127] - the direction of rotation of the knob.

[0128] Alternative implementation

[0129] Although in the embodiments discussed in Figures 1 to 11 , the knob 10 can be controlled by rotating the knob 10, embodiments can also be envisioned in which the user input element can be operated using, for example, linear motion. A person skilled in the art will understand that the cam 14C, the rack 11C, and the track 14B can also be made in a linear manner. In such an embodiment, the user input unit can be a slider. By simply changing the shape of the transmission, it is possible to convert the linear motion of the slider into the linear motion of the magnet.

[0130] In this case, it may not be necessary to distinguish between clockwise rotation and counterclockwise rotation.

[0131] As an example, the transmission can include a track and a follower, and the track extends the movement range of the slider. If the track continuously increases or decreases, the position of the follower can be used to infer (using a sensor) the position of the slider.

[0132] Figure 12 and Figure 13 show another embodiment of the user input unit 1 according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the user input unit 1 includes a knob 20, a housing element 21, and four switches 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4. In this case, these switches are but not necessarily readily available switches for push buttons.

[0133] The knob 20 is provided with a hole through which the knob 20 can be snap-fitted to the housing element 21 via a protrusion 21A, but other connection techniques are possible.

[0134] In Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown is also in Figure 12 and Figure 13Exploded view of the components shown in. In this embodiment, four transmission elements 22-1, 22-2, 22-3, 22-4 are arranged in the housing element 21. The bottom side portion of the housing element 21 is formed to be arranged above the four switches 2-1 to 2-4. Each of the four transmission elements is arranged between the knob 20 and the corresponding one of the switches 2-1 to 2-4. The lower side portion of the knob 20 is provided with a plurality of notches 20A of different depths. The transmission elements in the form of pins are arranged to be pushed upward into one of these notches by the biasing force normally provided by the switches 2-1 to 2-4.

[0135] In Figures 12 to 16 shown in and with respect to Figures 12 to 16 In the described embodiment, four existing switches are used. Each switch includes a housing element, a spring, a transmission element, and a magnet. Complementary thereto, the housing element 21 is manufactured such that the housing element 21 can be arranged on top of these switches in use. This method allows the reuse of existing switches. Those skilled in the art will understand that additional embodiments can be envisioned in which all the movable parts are integrated in one housing.

[0136] In Figures 1 to 11 shown in and with respect to Figures 1 to 11 In the described embodiment, all the movable parts are integrated in one housing. This makes it easier to install the unit. Those skilled in the art will understand that additional embodiments can be envisioned in which existing switches are used and in which, if necessary, an additional housing is manufactured such that it can be arranged on top of the said switches in use.

[0137] Operation

[0138] The user input unit 1 can receive user input, and whether the user input is received or specifically what user input is received can be derived from the position and / or movement of the magnets in the switches 2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4. Specifically, this can be derived using Hall sensors commonly available in user input devices such as keyboards.

[0139] For Figure 12 the shown embodiment, four Hall sensors can be arranged below the switches. Similar to that for Figure 1In the operation mode described in the illustrated embodiment, the Hall sensor can output a signal proportional to the measured magnetic field, and thus a signal proportional to the distance between the Hall sensor and the magnet of the switch located directly above it, and thus a signal proportional to the height of the magnet in the user input unit. Specifically, in this embodiment, when the transmission elements 22-1, 22-2, 22-3, 22-4 are placed on the switch, it can also be said that the Hall sensor measures the height of the transmission elements.

[0140] The spring from the switch pushes the transmission elements upward against the knob 20. Preferably, the bottom side portions of the transmission units 22-1C, 22-2C, 22-3C, 22-4C are shaped to be complementary to the top side portion of the switch. The knob 20 itself is held in place by its connection portion 21A with the housing element 21.

[0141] Input type IV - Position rotation

[0142] Figure 12 The illustrated embodiment of the user input unit 1 can receive a position-rotary type input. The user can operate the user input unit of this embodiment by rotating the knob 20 in the direction D2.

[0143] For any position of the knob 20, each transmission unit in the transmission unit is pushed upward into the corresponding notch. Preferably, the top side portions of the transmission units 22-1C, 22-2C, 22-3C, 22-4C are shaped to be complementary to the notches in the knob 20. Thus, when the notch is directly above the transmission element, the transmission unit is pushed into one of the notches to a certain extent. By making the notch 20B have different depths / sizes, such that the transmission elements 22-1 to 22-4 extend into each different notch 20B by different amounts, and thus the heights at which the transmission elements are located are different from notch 20B to notch 20B, the rotational position of the knob 20 can be uniquely detected.

[0144] This is illustrated, for example, in Figure 16 which illustrates, Figure 16 a cross-section of the user input unit 1 through the knob 20, the housing element 21, and the switches 2-1 and 2-3. Figure 16 Also shown is a notch 20A-1 that is deeper than the notch 20A-2, and correspondingly, this position of the knob 20 reflects that the transmission element corresponding to the switch 2-1 is positioned lower than the transmission element corresponding to the other switch 2-3. Thus, in this position of the knob, the magnet 23-2 is positioned higher than the magnet 23-1. The positions of the magnets 23-1, 23-2 can be used to determine the rotational position of the knob 20 mainly based on the precise design of the notch 20B and possibly in combination with the positions of the magnets of other switches.

[0145] As an example,Figure 15 Eleven notches are shown, the depth of which increases to a maximum depth and then decreases when considered in the direction of rotation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that there is a conceptual twelfth notch with a minimum depth of zero. This maximum depth and minimum depth correspond to the maximum height and minimum height of the transmission element directly below the corresponding notch.

[0146] While in this embodiment the notches are symmetric and mirror images between the deepest and shallowest notches (i.e., the conceptual notch with zero depth), embodiments can be envisioned where the notches are asymmetric. The present invention relies on the recognition that with a suitable transmission, the rotational movement and position of the knob can be translated into a certain vertical displacement of the transmission element and likewise the activation of the corresponding switch. In more specific terms, it is envisioned to use a track and a follower as the transmission, where in this example the notches form the track and the transmission element is the follower. It should be noted, therefore, that multiple followers can be used on the same track, for example but not necessarily. Multiple track shapes can be designed that allow sufficient information to be obtained from the vertical movement of the switch to determine the position or movement of the knob.

[0147] In the current example, when the knob 20 is rotated clockwise, for example, to different positions, the transmission element will change height according to the notch that subsequently passes above the transmission element and into which the transmission element (via the switch) is pushed. When each notch finally passes above each translation element, the height of each transmission element will show the same pattern. However, since at any given point in time the individual translation elements are arranged below different notches, the height of each translation element shows this one pattern offset relative to the other translation elements. As illustrated in Figure 17 as exemplified.

[0148] Figure 17 A graph is shown with the X-axis being time and the Y-axis being height. The individual heights h1 to h4 represent the heights of the individual translation elements when the knob 20 is in different rotational positions. This graph is schematic and approximate in nature. In reality, the signal will appear smoother and will include peaks or dips each time the transmission element transitions from one notch to the next. After all, during this transition, the transmission element is briefly pushed downwards. However, what this graph does allow to show is that the unique position of the knob 20 and thus the user input can be inferred from the combination of heights.

[0149] It should be noted that depending on the design of the track, it may be necessary to keep track of the latest rotational position the knob is in, in order to uniquely determine the direction of rotation and / or the new rotational position. However, a track design that allows the rotational position of the knob to be uniquely determined based on a single reading of one or more switches is preferred.

[0150] Alternative implementation

[0151] Figure 15 Embodiments show a plurality of notches arranged in a circular manner. Embodiments can also be envisaged in which the notches are arranged to continuously increase along the complete rotation of the knob. Assuming that in such an embodiment each notch has a unique depth, the position of such a knob can be determined based on the height of the transmission element, in particular even the height of a single transmission element.

[0152] Those skilled in the art will understand that although Figures 12 to 16 the embodiments have a switch unit (or rather, are configured to cooperate with four switches), embodiments using a different number of switches can also be envisaged.

[0153] Referring to Figures 18A to 18C Another embodiment will be described, Figures 18A to 18C which shows a user input unit 50 having a housing 51 and a rotatable knob 52, the rotatable knob 52 defining a vertical axis coinciding with its central axis. Figure 18B The user input unit 50 is shown from below, and it can be seen that the housing 51 has four apertures 53 through which a transmission element 54 extends. The transmission element 54 is configured to cooperate with existing switches (not shown herein), wherein the vertical movement of the transmission element 54 is associated with the vertical movement of the switches. A support 55 and a carrier 56 are also shown. In this case, the support 55 is made of rubber so that it can be slightly deformed. The deformation is used to press the support 55 between the switches of the keyboard in order to firmly couple the support 55 and thus the user input unit 50 to the keyboard substantially by press fit. Of course, other connection techniques can be employed if desired.

[0154] The carrier 56 rotatably supports the knob 52, but also allows the knob 52 to tilt and be pushed up and down to tilt along the rotation axis (vertical axis) of the knob 52.

[0155] Figure 18CShows the bottom of the knob 52 and the transmission element 54 and the spring 57. The spring cooperates with the support 55 and the carrier 56 to suspend the knob 52, in particular by biasing the knob 52 away from the housing 50 to suspend the knob 52. Most notably, there is a track 58 on the bottom of the knob 52 along its circumference, and this track 58 engages with the transmission element 54. In this example, in order to show the possible various track designs, the track is circular, and the depth of the track is defined by a plane inclined with respect to a plane perpendicular to the vertical axis. Starting from the minimum depth at 59, the depth of the track thus continuously increases to the maximum depth at 60, and then decreases again to the minimum in a single rotation. Similar to the previously described embodiments, the switch pushes the transmission element 54 upwards, so when the knob 52 rotates, the transmission element 54 follows the track. Thus, the rotation of the knob 52 is converted into a displacement of the transmission element 54 along the vertical axis through the transmission device (constituted by the cooperation of the track 58 and the transmission element 54), and thus into the pressing of the switch. Therefore, the rotation of the knob 52 can be measured by appropriately measuring the pressing of the switch, and for this purpose, an ordinary keyboard with an analog input has been equipped.

[0156] It should be recalled that the carrier 56 also allows the pressing of the knob, and all the transmission elements 54 can be pushed down together by the pressing of the knob 52. Since this simultaneous movement of the switch can be easily distinguished from the rotation of the knob via the switch, this allows a second input method via the same knob 52.

[0157] It should be recalled that the carrier 56 allows the knob 52 to tilt, and it is also possible to lower one side of the knob 52 relative to its opposite side. In this case, one or both of the transmission element 54 and the corresponding switch will be pressed more than the other elements. The resulting signals from the four switches can also be easily distinguished from the rotation and pressing of the knob 52, such that yet another input method is possible: the knob can be tilted to indicate a direction, similar to a joystick. However, it should be recalled that this behavior does not require additional hardware outside the user input unit, but can use the existing switches in their original positions, for example, on a keyboard.

[0158] The specification and the drawings only illustrate the principles of the present invention. It will thus be understood that those skilled in the art will be able to conceive of the following various arrangements: Although not explicitly described or shown herein, the various arrangements embody the principles of the present invention and are included within the scope of the present invention. In addition, all the examples enumerated herein are mainly intended to be explicitly for teaching purposes only, to help the reader understand the principles of the present invention and the concepts contributed by the inventor to promote the prior art, and should be construed as not being limited to these specifically enumerated examples and conditions. Moreover, all the statements of the principles, aspects and embodiments of the present invention and the specific examples of the present invention enumerated herein are intended to cover the equivalents of the present invention.

[0159] It should be noted that the above embodiments illustrate rather than limit the present invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed in parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in the claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The present invention can be implemented by means of hardware including several different elements and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In a claim listing several means, several of these means can be implemented by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the words "first", "second", "third", etc. does not indicate any order or priority. These words will be construed as names used for convenience.

[0160] In addition, the present disclosure includes embodiments in accordance with the following clauses:

[0161] Clause 1. A user input unit (1), comprising:

[0162] A housing (11, 15, 16), the housing (11, 15, 16) being configured to be attached to the base of a user input device, such as a keyboard;

[0163] A first movable element (12), the first movable element (12) being coupled to the housing (11, 15, 16), the first movable element (12) being movable along a first direction (D1);

[0164] A second movable element (10) operable by a user, the second movable element being coupled to the housing (11, 15, 16), the second movable element being movable along a second direction (D2), the second direction (D2) being different from the first direction (D1); and

[0165] A transmission configured to convert the movement of the second movable element along the second direction (D2) into the movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction (D1).

[0166] Clause 2. The user input unit (1) according to the preceding clause, wherein the first direction is a linear direction and wherein the second direction is a rotational direction.

[0167] Clause 3. The user input unit (1) according to the preceding clause, wherein the first direction is substantially parallel to and optionally coincides with the rotational axis defined by the second direction.

[0168] Clause 4. The user input unit (1) according to Clause 1, wherein the first direction is a linear direction, and wherein the second direction is a linear direction, not parallel to the first direction and preferably substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

[0169] Clause 5. The user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the transmission is configured to convert a unidirectional movement of the second movable element (10) along the second direction (D2) into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction (D1).

[0170] Clause 6. The user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the transmission is configured to convert a clockwise rotation of the second movable element (10) into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction about a first average position, and to convert a counterclockwise rotation of the second movable element (10) into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction about a second average position different from the first average position.

[0171] Clause 7. The user input unit (1) according to Clause 5 or 6, wherein the transmission includes a rack and a cam, wherein the cam is configured to follow the surface of the rack when the second movable element moves and so as to cause the reciprocating movement.

[0172] Clause 8. The user input unit (1) according to Clause 7, wherein the transmission includes a track and a follower configured to follow the track, wherein a first end of the track is positioned along the first direction at a different position from an opposite second end of the track, such that movement of the follower from the first end of the track to the second end causes the follower to move in the first direction.

[0173] Clause 9. The user input unit (1) according to any one of Clauses 1 to 5, wherein the transmission includes a plurality of notches 20A having a varying depth in the first direction and at least one peg,

[0174] wherein each notch corresponds to an angular position of the second movable element, and wherein the peg is configured to be disposed in a corresponding notch according to the position of the second movable element.

[0175] Clause 10. The user input unit according to the preceding clause, including a plurality of such pegs, such as three or four pegs.

[0176] Clause 11. The user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the user input unit is substantially cylindrical, thereby defining an axis A, and wherein the first direction coincides with the axis A.

[0177] Clause 12. A user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the transmission is further configured to convert the movement of the second movable element along the first direction into the movement of the first movable element along the first direction.

[0178] Clause 13. A user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the second movable element (10) is a knob.

[0179] Clause 14. A user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the user-operable second movable element (10) is also movably coupled to the housing (11, 15, 16) along the first direction (D2).

[0180] Clause 15. A user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, wherein the first movable element (12) can be detected by a sensor included in the user input device.

[0181] Clause 16. A user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, further comprising a magnet (13) fixedly attached to the first movable element (12).

[0182] Clause 17. A user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses, comprising a plurality of such first movable elements.

[0183] Clause 18. A user input device, such as a keyboard, comprising:

[0184] A base;

[0185] A user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding clauses,

[0186] A sensor configured to sense the movement or position of the first movable element (14) along the first direction.

[0187] Clause 19. The user input device according to Clause 18, wherein the sensor is a Hall sensor.

[0188] Clause 20. The user input device according to Clause 18 or 19, wherein the user input unit can be detached from and / or (re)-attached to the base.

[0189] Clause 21. The user input device according to any one of Clauses 18 to 20, further comprising at least one depressible key, wherein the user input unit (1) and the at least one depressible key are interchangeably attached to the base at positions corresponding to the sensor.

[0190] Clause 22. The user input device according to the preceding clauses, wherein the user input unit can be interchanged with any single depressible key.

[0191] Clause 23. The user input device according to Clause 21, wherein the user input unit can be commonly interchanged with a plurality of such depressible keys.

[0192] The present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiments, but also extends to other embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A user input unit (1), comprising: a housing (11, 15, 16), the housing (11, 15, 16) being configured to be attached to the base of a user input device, such as a keyboard; a first movable element (12), the first movable element (12) being coupled to the housing (11, 15, 16), the first movable element (12) being capable of moving along a first direction (D1); a second movable element (10) operable by a user, the second movable element (10) being coupled to the housing (11, 15, 16), the second movable element being capable of moving along a second direction (D2), the second direction (D2) being different from the first direction (D1); and a transmission device configured to convert the movement of the second movable element along the second direction (D2) into the movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction (D1).

2. The user input unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The first direction is a linear direction, and wherein the second direction is a rotational direction, wherein optionally, the first direction is substantially parallel to and optionally coincides with the axis of rotation defined by the second direction.

3. The user input unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The first direction is a linear direction, and wherein the second direction is a linear direction, not parallel to the first direction and preferably substantially perpendicular to the first direction.

4. The user input unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission device is configured to: convert the unidirectional movement of the second movable element (10) along the second direction (D2) into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction, and / or convert the clockwise rotation of the second movable element (10) into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction about a first average position, and convert the counterclockwise rotation of the second movable element (10) into a reciprocating movement of the first movable element (12) along the first direction about a second average position different from the first average position, and / or convert the movement of the second movable element along the first direction into the movement of the first movable element along the first direction.

5. The user input unit (1) according to claim 4, wherein, The transmission device includes a rack and a cam, wherein the cam is configured to follow the surface of the rack when the second movable element moves and thereby cause the reciprocating movement, wherein optionally, the transmission device includes a track and a follower configured to follow the track, wherein a first end of the track is positioned at a different location in the first direction from an opposite second end of the track, such that movement of the follower from the first end to the second end of the track moves the follower in the first direction.

6. The user input unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The transmission device includes a plurality of notches (20A) having a varying depth in the first direction and at least one peg, wherein each notch corresponds to an angular position of the second movable element, and wherein the peg is configured to be disposed in a corresponding notch according to the position of the second movable element, optionally including a plurality of such pegs, such as three or four pegs.

7. The user input unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein, The user input unit is substantially cylindrical, thereby defining an axis A, and wherein the first direction coincides with the axis A.

8. The user input unit (1) according to claim 1, wherein: The second movable element (10) is a knob, and / or The second movable element (10) operable by the user is further movably coupled to the housing (11, 15, 16) along the first direction (D2), and / or The first movable element (12) can be detected by a sensor included in the user input device, and / or The user input unit (1) further includes a magnet (13) fixedly attached to the first movable element (12), and / or The user input unit (1) includes a plurality of such first movable elements.

9. A user input device, such as a keyboard, the user input device comprising: A base; The user input unit (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein optionally, the user input unit can be detached from and / or (re)attached to the base; A sensor configured to sense the movement or position of the first movable element (14) along the first direction, wherein optionally, the sensor is a Hall sensor.

10. The user input device according to claim 9 further includes at least one depressible key, wherein, The user input unit (1) and the at least one depressible key are interchangeably attached to the base at positions corresponding to the sensor, wherein optionally: The user input unit can be interchanged with any single depressible key, or The user input unit can be interchanged jointly with a plurality of such depressible keys.

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